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The Petrography and Tectonic Significance of the Blue Mountain

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Western Washington University Western CEDAR WWU Graduate School Collection WWU Graduate and Undergraduate Scholarship Summer 1987 The etrP ography and Tectonic Significance of the Blue Mountain Unit, Olympic Peninsula, Washington Jon M. Einarsen Western Washington University Follow this and additional works at: https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet Part of the Geology Commons Recommended Citation Einarsen, Jon M., "The eP trography and Tectonic Significance of the Blue Mountain Unit, Olympic Peninsula, Washington" (1987). WWU Graduate School Collection. 840. https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/840 This Masters Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the WWU Graduate and Undergraduate Scholarship at Western CEDAR. It has been accepted for inclusion in WWU Graduate School Collection by an authorized administrator of Western CEDAR. For more information, please contact [email protected]. MASTER'S THESIS In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a master's degree at Western Washington University, I agree that the Library shal’l make its copies freely available for inspection. I further agree that extensive copying of this thesis is allowable only for scholarly purposes. It is understood, however, that any copying or publication of this thesis for commercial purposes, or for financial gain, shall not be allowed without my written permission. Signature Date Bellingham, Washington 98Z25 □ (206) 676-3000 THE PETEDGRAPHY AND TECTCNIC SIGNIFICANCE OF THE BLUE MOUNTAIN UNIT, OLYMPIC PENINSULA, WASHINGTON A Thesis Presented To The Faculty of WESTERN WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY In Partial Fullfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science by Jon M. Einarsen Augiast, 1987 MASTER'S THESIS In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a master's degree at Western Washington University, I grant to Western Washington University the non-exclusive royalty-free right to archive, reproduce, distribute, and display the thesis in any and all forms, including electronic format, via any digital library mechanisms maintained by WWU. I represent and warrant this is my original work and does not infringe or violate any rights of others. I warrant that I have obtained written permissions from the owner of any third party copyrighted material included in these files. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of this work, including but not limited to the right to use all or part of this work in future works, such as articles or books. Library users are granted permission for individual, research and non-commercial reproduction of this work for educational purposes only. Any further digital posting of this document requires specific permission from the author. Any copying or publication of this thesis for commercial purposes, or for financial gain, is not allowed without my written permission. Name: Signature: Date: THE PETROGRAPHY AND TECTONIC SIGNIFICANCE OF THE BLUE MOUNTAIN UNIT, OLYMPIC PENINSULA, WASHINGTOJ By Jon M. Einarsen Accepted in Partial Completion of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science Dean of Graduate School ADVISORY COMMITTEE ABSTEU^CT The sedimentary rocks of the early to middle Eocene Blue Mountain unit compose the stratigrajiiic base of the otherwise predominantly basaltic Crescent Formation in the Olynpic Peninsula, Washington. In the study area, primarily in northeastern portions of the Olympic Peninsula, the Blue Mountain unit consists of two distinct petrofacies, one a plagioclase-rich feldspathic arenite, the other a chert-rich lithic arenite. A third petrofacies is a feldspathic-lithic arenite and is a petrologic combination of the two distinct petrofacies. The source areas for the plagioclase-rich and chert-rich petrofacies are interpreted to be the Coast Plutonic Complex and San Jxian Islands, respectively. The source area for the feldspathic-lithic arenite is interpreted to be a combination of the Coast Plutonic Complex and the San Juan Islands. Limited sedimentologic data suggest that the Blue Mountain unit represents a sukxnarine fan. Together, the Blue Mountain unit and basalt of the Crescent Formation compose the base of the Crescent terrane as exposed in the Olynpic Peninsula. The Blue Mountain unit-basalt contact is depositional, and therefore the base of the Crescent terrane in this locality consists of continentally-derived sedimentary rocks. This relationship requires the basalt of the Crescent terrane to have originated near a continental landmass, probably North America. Furthermore, paleonagnetic data shew that the Crescent terrane and the correlative Siletz terrane in Oregon have not undergone significant poleward displacement. Relative plate motions indicate that the Kula and FatalIon plates i were moving rapidly both poleward and perpendicular to the North American plate in the early Paleogene. Although uncertainties are large, the presence of interbedded continentally-derived sedimentary rocks, including the Blue Mountain unit, and the lack of poleward displacement suggest that the Crescent and Siletz terranes did not originate on the Kula or Farallon plates. Instead, the terranes pr<±)ably formed inboard of the Kula- FaralIon-North American plate boundary, in sane type of marginal basin. ACKNCMLEDGEaVENTS I could probably write a masters thesis in the Humanities about all the help and encouragement I've gotten during my stay here at Western. First I'd like to thank my family, Don and Marge Einarsen, and my sister Jaye Craig. They have always had nothing but encouragement for me, even during my somewhat less than brilliant undergraduate days. They've always been there viien I get in trouble (usually financially). Going home has been scxnething to look forward to, kncwing that smiles, good cheer, booze, food and smokes await. I love them all very much and they have been, and always will be, my best friends. Without the assistance of Terri Flake and Eileen Wray, I might have had trouble getting through my first few months as a graduate student. Terri and Eileen unselfishly gave of their time to help me get started, and I thank them very much. I am indebted to the 1984 Olympic Crew: Kurt Anderson, Jennie De Chant, Ron Moyer, Joel Purdy, Bill Rauch, Tim Roberts, and Michaela Young for introducing me to the geology of the Olympic Peninsula. Ron Moyer was especially helpful, and we spent many hours discussing the tectonics of the Crescent terrane before Ron graduated. Since that time discussions with Jennie, Joel, and Tim, as well as with Ben Adams, Sue Bream, Ken Clark, and Alice Shilhanek have continued, and I ^preciate their willingness to discuss ideas and thoughts with me. Much of what I (think I) understand about the geology of the Olympics came out of discussions with these students. three advisors, Chris Suczek, Scott Babcock, and Dave Engebretson have been perfect in every way. They never gave me a bad time about ideas I realized later had no foundation in the universe as it is presently iii understood. I've gotten nothing but good advice from them, and I consider them friends as well as mentors. Their attitude and encouragement have changed my life. Special thanks go to Chris for taking on a student of questionable background without hesitation, even v^en she was already overloaded. Her superhuman turnaround rate and all-round good-naturedness have been greatly appreciated. Scott Babcock is the best chalk-man I have ever known. The light that Tanya Atwater talked about in In Suspect Terrane came on for me one day near the end of Scotts 420 class. Scott has an ability to shew students the wonder of geology that is usually reserved for ancient and wise veterans of many field seasons, such as ^^l Beck. About two weeks into Dave Engebretsons plate tectonics class he shewed us the bend in the Hawaiian-Emperor Chain and vhat it meant, about a week after that someone walking by outside of class belched and Dave leaned out the door and said "good one". I became his slave forever. I've thought a long time about how to acknowledge Dave, but nothing sounds right. About all I can say is that I'll never be able to repay Dave for all the inspiration he has given me. Dave introduced me to that aspect of geology that I find most exciting, the Big Picture. He taught me to not just examine a geologic map with a handlens, but to also stare at it fron across the room (preferably at 3 in the morning). Special thanks to Dave and Debbie Engebretson for organizing the AGU field trips to California. Thanks to Ben Adams, Jennie De Chant, Pat Goldstrand, and especially Ken Clark and Ron Eliason for help in the field; to Phil Bigelow, Lief Christensen, Terri Plake, and Julie Shultz for help with petrography; to Craig Erdman and Tim Redfield for help with the conputers. Extra thanks to Ken for a lot of encouragement, for teaching me to keep my head down in the field, and for great discussions about the Crescent terrane. Thanks to Ned Brown and Myrl Beck for sharing their knowledge and ideas, and for iv taking time to discuss them with me. Thanks also to the many students here v^o enriched my knowledge of regional geology, too many to mention but v^ose names can probably be found below. Special thanks to Patty Conbs and Vicki Critchlcw for handling bureaucratic problems with a smile, even though I usually came to than with a problem that needed to be handled yesterday. They never failed to salvage vtotever mess I'd gotten myself into. Vicki saved me on short notice about once a week, especially the last year I was here. Patty CcOTbs was essentially my fourth adviser. Her friendship and sense of humor made each day more enjoyable than it otherwise might have been. I knew I have a good friend in Patty, because I once spilled a chew bucket in her office and she still likes me.
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  • Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Eocene Rocks at Pulali Point, Jefferson County, Eastern Olympic Peninsula, Washington

    Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Eocene Rocks at Pulali Point, Jefferson County, Eastern Olympic Peninsula, Washington

    PALEONTOLOGY AND STRATIGRAPHY OF EOCENE ROCKS AT PULALI POINT, JEFFERSON COUNTY, EASTERN OLYMPIC PENINSULA, WASHINGTON by RICHARD L. SQUIRES, JAMES L. GOEDERT, and KEITH L. KALER WASHINGTON DIVISION OF GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES REPORT OF INVESTIGATIONS 31 1992 ., WASHINGTON STATE DEPARTMENT OF Natural Resources Brian Boyle • Commhstoner of Public Lands An Steo_r0$ - Superv1sor Division ol Geology and Earth Resources Raymond Lcmnanls. State Geologlsl PALEONTOLOGY AND STRATIGRAPHY OF EOCENE ROCKS AT PULALI POINT, JEFFERSON COUNTY, EASTERN OLYMPIC PENINSULA, WASHINGTON by RICHARD L. SQUIRES, JAMES L. GOEDERT, AND KEITH L. KALER WASHINGTON DIVISION OF GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES REPORT OF INVESTIGATIONS 31 1992 W>.SHING'TON STAT1r OEPARTMDIT or Natural Resources 8ncll) Bov,. · COmmmioner ot Pu!xk: tancb M $i.atni; S\lp$1'WOJ' DtY!llcn 01 Gtology ahCS £artti ~ Raymond l.mlMn.:I ~Geologist Cover: From left, ?Falsifusus marysvillensis; Pachycrommium clarki; large bivalve, Veneri­ cardia hornii s.s.; Delectopecten cf. D. vancouverensis sanjuanensis; Turritella uvasana hendoni. These specimens are shown at 150 percent of the dimensions on Plates 1 and 3. Use of trade, product, or firm names in this report is for descriptive purposes only and does not consitute endorsement by the Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources. This report is available from: Publications Washington Department of Natural Resources Division of Geology and Earth Resources P.O. Box 47007 Olympia, WA 98504-7007 Price $ 1.85 Tax (Stale residenl.t only) .15 Total $ 2.00 Mail orders must be prepaid; please add $1.00 to each order for postage and handling. Make checks payable to the Department of Natural Resources.