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2016 Human Research Program (HRP) Annual Report

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2016 Human Research Program (HRP) Annual Report National Aeronautics and Space Administration HUMAN RESEARCH PROGRAM ANNUAL REPORT FY2016 ADVANCING HUMAN EXPLORATION Table of Contents Human Research Program Overview ................................................................... 01 }}Background }}Goal and Objectives }}Program Organization }}Partnerships and Collaborations Major Program-Wide Accomplishments ...............................................................07 International Space Station Medical Projects Element .......................................... 17 Space Radiation Element ......................................................................................29 Human Health Countermeasures Element ...........................................................37 }}Vision and Cardiovascular Portfolio }}Exercise and Performance Portfolio }}Multisystem Portfolio }}Bone and Occupant Protection Portfolio }}Technology and Infrastructure Portfolio Exploration Medical Capability Element .............................................................. 49 Human Factors and Behavioral Performance Element .......................................... 57 }}Behavioral Medicine and Sleep Risk Portfolio }}Team Risk Portfolio }}Space Human Factors Engineering Portfolio Engagement and Communications ....................................................................... 69 Publications .......................................................................................................... 75 HRP FY2016 ANNUAL REPORT i Overview Background As shown in this report, HRP continues to make significant progress toward developing medical care Crew health and performance are critical to successful and countermeasure systems for space exploration human exploration beyond low Earth orbit. Hazards missions which will ultimately reduce risks to crew include physiologic effects from radiation, hypograv- health and performance. ity, and planetary environments, as well as unique challenges associated with the distance from Earth. Goal and Objectives The scientists and engineers of the Human Research Program (HRP) investigate and reduce the greatest The goal of the Human Research Program is to pro- risks to human health and performance, and provide vide human health and performance countermea- essential countermeasures and technologies for hu- sures, knowledge, technologies, and tools to enable man space exploration. safe, reliable, and productive human space explora- tion. The specific objectives of the HRP are: HRP delivers products and strategies to protect the health and safety of spaceflight crews and increase 1) Develop capabilities, necessary countermea- their productivity while living and working in sures, and technologies in support of human space. Research is performed onboard the Interna- space exploration, focusing on mitigating the tional Space Station (ISS), on the ground in analog highest risks to crew health and performance. environments that have features similar to those of Enable the definition and improvement of hu- spaceflight, and in laboratory environments. Data man spaceflight medical, environmental and hu- from these experiments further the understanding of man factors standards. how the space environment affects the human system. These research results contribute to scientific knowl- 2) Develop technologies that serve to reduce edge and technology developments that address the medical and environmental risks, to reduce human health and performance risks from exposure human systems resource requirements (mass, to the hazards of exploration missions. volume, power, data, etc.) and to ensure effec- HRP FY2016 ANNUAL REPORT 1 Overview tive human-system integration across exploration technology that enables the OCHMO to establish mission systems. and maintain NASA-wide human health and per- formance standards. Furthermore, HRP provides 3) Ensure maintenance of Agency core compe- HEOMD with methods of meeting those standards tencies necessary to enable risk reduction in the in the design, development, and operation of space- following areas: space medicine, physiological flight vehicle systems for exploration missions. and behavioral effects of long duration space- flight on the human body, space environmental Organizationally, HRP resides within the HEOMD; effects, including radiation, on human health however, the management of HRP is located at the and performance and space human factors. Johnson Space Center (JSC) and work is performed across multiple NASA centers. The HRP Program Program Organization and Deputy Directors lead all aspects of the program and the HRP Chief and Deputy Chief Scientists lead The HRP’s organization is designed to support the the science management and coordination. goals of the Human Exploration and Operations Mission Directorate (HEOMD) and NASA’s Office As shown in the chart below, two offices support pro- of the Chief Health and Medical Officer (OCHMO). gram, science and business management and provide To that end, HRP conducts research and develops integration across the Program. Human Exploration and Operations Mission Directorate (AA) Office of the Chief Scientist Office of the Chief Health & Medical Officer Office of the Chief (OCHMO) Technologist (OCT) Space Life & Physical Sciences Research & HQ Applications Division Centers Human Research Program Translational HRP Control Board Research Institute (HRP) (TRI) (HRPCB) Program Director Deputy Program Director Chief Scientist Science Management National Space Panel (SMP) Deputy Chief Scientist Biomedical Research Institute (NSBRI) Director/Scientist Program Science Program Business Management Office (PSMO) Management Office Manager/Deputy Manager Manager/Deputy Manager Human Factors and Human Health Space Radiation Exploration ISS Medical Behavioral Performance Countermeasures (SR) Medical Capability Projects (HFBP) (HHC) Manager/Scientist (ExMC) (ISSMP) Manager/Scientist Manager/Scientist Manager/Scientist Manager/Scientist 2 HRP FY2016 ANNUAL REPORT Overview The Program Science Management Office (PSMO) Radiation, Human Health Countermeasures, Explo- integrates program management science tasks across ration Medical Capability, and Human Factors and all elements, communicates research needs to other Behavioral Performance. These Elements provide the NASA programs, and cultivates strategic research HRP’s knowledge and capabilities to conduct research partnerships with other domestic and international to address human health and performance risks of agencies. The Program Business Management Office spaceflight, and they advance the readiness levels of maintains all business functions for the Program and technology and countermeasures to the point where provides budget planning, integration and coordina- they can be transferred to the customer programs and tion with the HEOMD as well as across all program organizations. components. As shown below, the HRP is a multi-center program, There are five Elements that comprise the Program with research being performed across the nation. and are focused to accomplish specific goals for inves- Each research Element consists of related portfolios, tigating and mitigating the highest risks to astronaut projects, and research tasks focused toward develop- health and performance. Of the five, four are research ing products that reduce the highest risks in that area. Elements and one, the International Space Station Medical Projects, is a service element which provides To learn more about the HRP Elements, please visit the other Elements access to the ISS and ground- the website: http://www.nasa.gov/hrp/elements. based analogs. The research Elements include: Space HRP Participating Centers and Grants by State for FY2016 Ames Research Center (ARC) Exploration Medical Capability Human Factors & Behavioral Performance Human Health Countermeasures ISS Medical Projects WA Space Radiation 6/4* NH Glenn Research Center (GRC) MN Exploration Medical Capability OR NY 3/2 3/3 WI 18/14 MA Human Health Countermeasures 4/4 1/1 MI CT 24/16 12/7 NJ Langley Research Center (LaRC) PA 1/1 1/1 Space Radiation OH 16/8 MD Exploration Medical Capability IL 9/9 8/7 UT 3/ 3 VA 1/1 CO MO DC NASA Headquarters (HQ) CA KS 5/4 5/3 1/1 2/2 Advocacy 46/33 2/1 NC International Agreements 7/ 6 OK AZ AR SC Johnson Space Center (JSC) 1/1 GA 1/ 1 3/3 1/1 AL Exploration Medical Capability 8/7 Human Factors & Behavioral Performance 1/1 TX Human Health Countermeasures ISS Medical Projects 102/69 Space Radiation HI FL 2/1 10/ 9 Kennedy Space Center (KSC) ISS Medical Projects Human Factors & Behavioral Performance *x/y = # of Grants / # of Principal Investigators 308 Grants to 225 PIs in 32 states HRP FY2016 ANNUAL REPORT 3 Overview Partnerships and Collaborations consortium that connects the research, technical, and clinical expertise of the biomedical community with The HRP has a long history of collaborative work the scientific, engineering, and operational expertise with universities, hospitals, and federal and interna- of NASA. NSBRI is located within the Baylor Col- tional agencies for the purpose of sharing research lege of Medicine’s Center for Space Medicine. For facilities and multi-user hardware, and cooperation more information, visit www.nsbri.org. on research tasks of mutual interest. The HRP also maintains collaborative relationships In October 2015, HRP released a Cooperative with international partners through various work- Agreement Notice soliciting a Translational Research ing groups. These relationships enhance the research Institute (TRI) to provide innovative
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