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A Case Study: Prospect Reservoir at Western Sydney

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A Case Study: Prospect Reservoir at Western Sydney PLEASE TYPE THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES Thesis/Dissertation Sheet Surname or Family name: Zambre First name: Fallavi Other name/s: Abbreviation for degree as given in the University calendar: School: UNSW Faculty: Built Environment Title: Proposing A Cultural Landscape Paradigm: A Case study: Prospect Reservoir at Western Sydney. Abstract 350 words maximum: (PLEASE TYPE) The study sets out to investigate and question the Burra Charter, its interpretations and approaches for protection of cultural landscape in Australia. While achieving the preservation of state and national icons, the Charter has overlooked the meanings and values of heritage landscape. Drawing on the field of landscape theory, my research seeks to extend the theoretical approach to study of the cultural landscape. Thus, this thesis proposes the cultural landscape paradigm (CLP) which provides a framework to interpret the inherent values of cultural landscape based on ecological, experiential and narrative approaches. Towards this goal, the research attempts to demonstrate and apply the CLP by conducting a case study of the culturally significant landscape of Prospect Reservoir in western Sydney. The study is undertaken with the help of a detailed analysis of landscape elements, historic documents, narrative references, personal observations and photographs. I found that although the site has been conserved on the principles of the Burra Charter, the regional identity and sense of place has not been taken into account. Over time, degradation of the ecosystem has changed the ecological, narrative and experiential quality of the place. Thus the landscape reflects the Burra Charter's values of national, state significance, and dominance in portraying a story of European past, with limited concern for aboriginal cultural landscape. A current issue at the site is the increasing urban pressure of western Sydney. How can we interpret, protect the regional identity and cope with the ecological changes so as to maintain the continuity with the past landscape? Similarly, to what extent does the Burra Charter address these issues? I respond to these questions by developing and applying the CLP. This results in expanding the values and meaning of the cultural landscape of Prospect Reservoir, and provides guidance for cultural landscape planning in general. Hence, the thesis also demonstrates the need for the Burra Charter practitioners to rethink their actions for the future of cultural landscapes, where the landscape is a continuously changing, naturally and socially driven phenomenon. Declaration relating to disposition of project thesis/dissertation I hereby grant to the University of New South Wales or its agents the right to archive and to make available my thesis or dissertation in whole or in part in the University libraries in all forms of media, now or here after known, subject to the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968.1 retain all property rights, such as patent rights. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis or dissertation. I also authorise University Microfilrpeflo^e the 350 word abstract of my thesis in Dissertation Abstracts International (this is applicable to doctoral theses only). MfJALmo. Witness Date The University recognises that there may be exceptional circumstances requiring restrictions on copying or conditions on use. Requests for restriction for a period of up to 2 years must be made in writing. Requests for a longer period of restriction may be considered in exceptional circumstances and require the approval of the Dean of Graduate Research. FOR OFFICE USE ONLY Date of completion of requirements for Award: Proposing A Cultural Landscape Paradigm A Case study: Prospect Reservoir at Western Sydney A Dissertation Submitted in Partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Masters of Landscape Architecture At University Of New South Wales 2010 By Fallavi Zambre ORIGINALITY STATEMENT 'I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and to the best of my knowledge it contains no materials previously published or written by another person, or substantial proportions of material which have been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma at UNSW or any other educational institution, except where due acknowledgement is made in the thesis. Any contribution made to the research by others, with whom I have worked at UNSW or elsewhere, is explicitly acknowledged in the thesis. I also declare that the intellectual content of this thesis is the product of my own work, except to the extent that assistance from others in the project's design and conception or in style, presentation and linguistic.expression is acknowledged.' Signed Date COPYRIGHT STATEMENT 'I hereby grant the University of New South Wales or its agents the right to archive and to make available my thesis or dissertation in whole or part in the University libraries in all forms of media, now or here after known, subject to the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968. I retain all proprietary rights, such as patent rights. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis or dissertation. I also authorise University Microfilms to use the 350 word abstract of my thesis in Dissertation Abstract International (this is applicable to doctoral theses only). I have either used no substantial portions of copyright material in my thesis or I have obtained permission to use copyright material; where permission has not been granted I have applied/will apply for a partial restriction of the digital copy of my thesis or dissertation.' AUTHENTICITY STATEMENT 'I certify that the Library deposit digital copy is a direct equivalent of the final officially approved version of my thesis. No emendation of content has occurred and if there are any minor variations in formatting, they are the result of the conversion to digital format.' Signed Date 'iSJO^imO Table of contents Abstract ii. Table of contents iii List of Figures & Tables vi Acknowledgement viii Introduction Introduction 1 Objectives of the study 4 The structure of the study 4 Research design and methods 5 Chapterl: The Burra charter 7 1.1 Heritage: general understanding 8 1.2 The Burra Charter 10 1.2.1 Principles 11 1.2.2 Key concepts 12 1.2.3 Process 14 Chapter 2: Limitations of the Burra Charter 19 2.1 Monument concept 21 2.2 Authenticity 23 2.3 Public place and social needs 24 2.4 Social exclusion 26 2.5 Discussion 29 ni Chapter 3: Landscape theories: approaches 32 3.1 Introduction 33 3.2 Theoretical understanding of cultural landscape 33 3.3 Important factors of cultural landscape 36 3.4 Ecological approach 37 3.5 Experiential approach 40 3.6 Narrative approach 43 3.7 Overall conclusion 46 Chapter 4: The Proposed Cultural Landscape Paradigm 47 4.1 Why have a cultural landscape paradigm? 48 4.2 What is the proposed cultural landscape paradigm? 49 Chapter 5: Situating a Case 53 5.1 Prospect Reservoir: setting 54 5.2 Cultural and historic context of site 57 5.3 Why is the site significant for study? 70 5.4 Heritage Listing 73 5.5 Conservation Management Plans (CMPs) of Site 76 5.6 Discussion 87 Chapter 6: Applying the proposed CLP: Prospect Reservoir 91 6.1 Study Region 92 6.2 Ecological approach 93 6.3 Experiential approach 100 6.4 Narrative approach 106 6.5 Discussion ; 119 Chapter 7: Conclusions 123 Appendix 1 129 Appendix 2 132 Appendix 3 135 Bibliography 141 List of Figures Figure no. Figure Name Page Fig. 4.1 Proposed Cultural Landscape Paradigm 49 Fig. 5.1 Aerial view of Prospect Reservoir site 55 Fig. 5.2 Location of Prospect Reservoir on Cumberland Plains 55 Fig. 5.3 Aerial view of location of site at Western Sydney suburbs 56 Fig. 5.4 Legal boundaries of Prospect Reservoir 56 Fig. 5.5 Sketch of Aboriginal life in the Prospect Area 57 Fig. 5.6 Sketch of Early Agricultural Settlement 57 Fig. 5.7 Sketch of Prospect after construction of the Reservoir 58 Fig. 5.8 Sketches of Present Prospect Reservoir and surroundings 58 Fig. 5.9 Language, clan and other named groups of Sydney 59 Fig. 5.10 Historic map of Early European Settlement at Prospect, 1811 60 Fig. 5.11 Parish map of Prospect Hill: Earlier grants at site 1830 62 Fig. 5.12 Historic photos of Prospect Reservoir 63 Fig. 5.13 Typical water supply pipeline 63 Fig. 5.14 Canal at Aqueduct 63 Fig. 5.15 Canal used in water supply network 63 Fig. 5.16 Pincott's roller used in the construction of Prospect Dam 64 Fig. 5.17 Picturesque Prospect Reservoir site 65 Fig. 5.18 Avenue of Hoop Pines at the entrance of Prospect Reservoir site 65 Fig. 5.19 Avenue of Palm Trees with Upper Valve House 66 Fig. 5.20 Avenue of Palm Trees with Upper Valve House 66 Fig. 5.21 Left- View of the Prospect quarry 66 Fig. 5.22 Below-Secondary crusher and conveyor belts at BMI quarries 66 Fig. 5.23 Present land ownership and legal State boundary 67 Fig. 5.24 Left- Proposed Plan of Western Sydney Parkland 69 Fig. 5.25 Below- Aerial view of Parkland site 69 Fig. 6.1 The Study Region 92 Fig. 6.2 Geology 94 Fig. 6.3 Physiography 94 Fig. 6.4 Soils 95 Fig. 6.5 Hydrology 95 Fig. 6.6 Vegetation 97 Fig. 6.7 Cumberland Plain vegetation communities 97 Fig. 6.8 Remaining Cumberland Plain vegetation communities 97 Fig. 6.9 Photographic sequences 104 Fig. 6.10 Photographic sequences 104 Fig. 6.11 Photographic sequences 104 Fig. 6.12 Experiential map 104 Fig. 6.13 Typical base camp of Aboriginal people, 108 Figure no.
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