Clustering with Openmosix
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Instalación Y Configuración De Un Cluster De Alta Disponibilidad Con Reparto De Carga
UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE VALENCIA Máster en Ingeniería de Computadores INSTALACIÓN Y CONFIGURACIÓN DE UN CLUSTER DE ALTA DISPONIBILIDAD CON REPARTO DE CARGA SERVIDOR WEB Y MAQUINAS VIRTUALES Alumno: Lenin Alcántara Roa. Director: Pedro López Rodríguez. Febrero 2014 Febrero de 2014 2 Universidad Politécnica de Valencia Febrero de 2014 ÍNDICE 1. INTRODUCCIÓN 5 1.1. Objetivos 6 1.2. Motivación 6 1.3. Resumen 6 2. ESTADO DEL ARTE 7 2.1. ¿Qué es un Cluster? 7 2.2. Clustering de Alta Disponibilidad con Linux 15 2.3. Sistemas Operativos 17 3. ENTORNO TECNOLOGICO 28 3.1. Programación Bash 28 3.2. Servidor DNS 29 3.3. Servidor NFS 29 3.4. Servidor DHCP 30 3.5. Servidor PXE 32 3.6. Servicio dnsmasq 34 3.7. Servicio NIS 35 3.8. Condor 36 3.9. MPI 37 3.10. Almacenamiento RAID 38 3.11. Servicio LVS 42 3.12. Alta Disponibilidad: Corosync, Pacemaker y ldirectord 43 3.13. Virtualización con Linux 44 4. DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA SOLUCIÓN 47 4.1. Configuración del Cluster 48 4.2. Instalación del Sistema Operativo en el Cluster 50 4.3. Administración del Sistema 59 4.4. Almacenamiento 65 4.5. Equilibrado de Carga 66 4.6. Alta Disponibilidad 68 4.7. Sistema de Máquinas Virtuales 70 5. PRUEBAS 73 5.1. Servidor Web 73 5.1.1. Reparto de Carga 73 5.1.2. Alta Disponibilidad 77 5.1.3. Evaluación del Servidor Web 80 5.2. Sistema de Máquinas Virtuales 84 6. CONCLUSIONES 89 6.1. Trabajo Futuro 90 7. BIBLIOGRAFÍA 91 Universidad Politécnica de Valencia 3 Febrero de 2014 4 Universidad Politécnica de Valencia Febrero de 2014 1. -
Sonexion 1.5 Upgrade Guide ()
Sonexion 1.5 Upgrade Guide () Contents About Sonexion 1.5 Upgrade Guide..........................................................................................................................3 Sonexion 1.5.0 Upgrade Introduction........................................................................................................................4 Prerequisites..............................................................................................................................................................8 Begin Upgrade.........................................................................................................................................................10 Upgrade Sonexion 1600/900 Software....................................................................................................................17 Post-Installation Steps.............................................................................................................................................28 Troubleshoot from Error Messages.........................................................................................................................33 2 -- () About Sonexion 1.5 Upgrade Guide This document provides instructions to upgrade Sonexion systems running software release 1.4.0 to the 1.5.0 software platform. Audience This publication is intended for use by Cray field technicicans who are trained with Sonexion and familiar wtih the software upgrade process. Typographic Conventions Monospace A Monospace font indicates program code, -
The Openmosix Resource Sharing Algorithms Are Designed to Respond On-Line to Variations in the Resource Usage Among the Nodes
Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Mechanics and Physics of Fluids Documentation on Linux clustering with openMosix Version 1.0.1 Supervisor of the project: Tomasz Kowalewski Administration: Piotr Matejek Technical performers: Ihor Trots & Vasyl Kovalchuk Cluster’s web page: http://fluid.ippt.gov.pl/mosix/ Warsaw, 2004 Table of contents: 1 OpenMosix …………………………………………………….. 3 1.1 Installing openMosix ……………………………………….. 4 1.2 Configuration steps openMosix …………………………… 8 1.3 OpenMosix in action ……………………………………….. 10 1.4 OpenMosixview …………………………………………….. 11 2 Masquerading and IP-tables ………………………………... 14 2.1 Applying iptables and Patch-o-Matic kernel patches 15 2.2 Configuring IP Masquerade on Linux 2.4.x Kernels …. 22 3 Parallel Virtual Machine PVM ………………………………. 29 3.1 Building and Installing ……………………………………… 29 3.2 Running PVM Programs .................................................. 32 4 Message Passing Interface MPI ………………………….… 34 4.1 Configuring, Making and Installing .................................. 34 4.2 Programming Tools ......................................................... 38 4.3 Some details ……………………………………….……….. 41 5 References …………………………………………………….. 46 2 1 OpenMosix Introduction OpenMosix is a kernel extension for single-system image clustering. Clustering technologies allow two or more Linux systems to combine their computing resources so that they can work cooperatively rather than in isolation. OpenMosix is a tool for a Unix-like kernel, such as Linux, consisting of adaptive resource sharing algorithms. It allows multiple uniprocessors and symmetric multiprocessors (SMP nodes) running the same kernel to work in close cooperation. The openMosix resource sharing algorithms are designed to respond on-line to variations in the resource usage among the nodes. This is achieved by migrating processes from one node to another, preemptively and transparently, for load-balancing and to prevent thrashing due to memory swapping. -
Sonexion Administrator Guide
Sonexion Administrator Guide S2537 Contents Contents About Sonexion Administrator Guide.........................................................................................................................5 Hardware Architecture...............................................................................................................................................7 Software Architecture..............................................................................................................................................10 What Is and Is Not Supported in Sonexion 2.0.0.....................................................................................................12 Log In to CSSM.......................................................................................................................................................14 Change Network Settings........................................................................................................................................16 Create Custom LNET Configuration..............................................................................................................16 Change DNS Resolver Configuration............................................................................................................18 Change Externally Facing IP Addresses.......................................................................................................18 Change LDAP Settings in Daily Mode...........................................................................................................19 -
Lives Video Editor
GABRIEL FINCH LiVES: LiVES is a Video Editing System RECIFE-PE – JULHO/2013. UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DE PERNAMBUCO PRÓ-REITORIA DE PESQUISA E PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM INFORMÁTICA APLICADA LiVES: LiVES is a Video Editing System Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Informática Aplicada como exigência parcial à obtenção do título de Mestre. Área de Concentração: Engenharia de Software Orientador: Prof. Dr. Giordano Ribeiro Eulalio Cabral RECIFE-PE – JULHO/2013. Ficha Catalográfica F492L Finch, Gabriel LiVES: LiVES is a video editing system / Gabriel Finch. -- Recife, 2013. 132 f. Orientador (a): Giordano Cabral. Dissertação (Mestrado em Informática Aplicada) – Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Departamento de Estatísticas e Informática, Recife, 2013. Inclui referências e apêndice. 1. Software - Desenvolvimento 2. Prototipagem 3. Multimídia 4. Usuários de computador 5. Vídeo digital I. Cabral, Giordano, orientador II. Título CDD 005.1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author would like to thank: The staff and students at UFRPE. All the LiVES users and contributors. My family. and the following, who have helped along the way: Niels Elburg, Denis "Jaromil" Rojo, Tom Schouten, Andraz Tori, Silvano "Kysucix" Galliani, Kentaro Fukuchi, Dr. Jun Iio, Oyvind Kolas, Carlo Prelz, Yves Degoyon, Lady Xname, timesup.org, LinuxFund, VJ Pixel, estudiolivre, mediasana, Felipe Machado, elphel.com. RESUMO Relativamente pouca pesquisa científica tem sido executado até à data atinente aos requisitos dos usuários de aplicativos de processamento de vídeo. Nesta dissertação, apresentamos um novo termo "Experimental VJ", e examinamos os requisitos de software para essa classe de usuário, derivados de uma variedade de fontes. Por meios desses requisitos, definimos os atributos que seria necessário um programa criado para satisfazer essas demandas possuir. -
Load Balancing Experiments in Openmosix”, Inter- National Conference on Computers and Their Appli- Cations , Seattle WA, March 2006 0 0 5 4 9
Machine Learning Approach to Tuning Distributed Operating System Load Balancing Algorithms Dr. J. Michael Meehan Alan Ritter Computer Science Department Computer Science Department Western Washington University Western Washington University Bellingham, Washington, 98225 USA Bellingham, Washington, 98225 USA [email protected] [email protected] Abstract 2.6 Linux kernel openMOSIX patch was in the process of being developed. This work concerns the use of machine learning techniques (genetic algorithms) to optimize load 2.1 Load Balancing in openMosix balancing policies in the openMosix distributed The standard load balancing policy for openMosix operating system. Parameters/alternative algorithms uses a probabilistic, decentralized approach to in the openMosix kernel were dynamically disseminate load balancing information to other altered/selected based on the results of a genetic nodes in the cluster. [4] This allows load information algorithm fitness function. In this fashion optimal to be distributed efficiently while providing excellent parameter settings and algorithms choices were scalability. The major components of the openMosix sought for the loading scenarios used as the test load balancing scheme are the information cases. dissemination and migration kernel daemons. The information dissemination daemon runs on each 1 Introduction node and is responsible for sending and receiving The objective of this work is to discover ways to load messages to/from other nodes. The migration improve the openMosix load balancing algorithm. daemon receives migration requests from other The approach we have taken is to create entries in nodes and, if willing, carries out the migration of the the /proc files which can be used to set parameter process. Thus, the system is sender initiated to values and select alternative algorithms used in the offload excess load. -
White Paper: Group State Quorum
WHITE PAPER DELL EMC POWERSCALE ONEFS CLUSTER COMPOSITION, QUORUM, AND GROUP STATE Abstract This paper explores cluster quorum, group state, and the group management protocol on a Dell EMC PowerScale cluster. April 2021 1 | Dell EMC PowerScale OneFS Cluster Composition, Quorum, & Group State ©202 1 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Revisions Version Date Comment 1.0 November 2017 Updated for OneFS 8.1.1 2.0 February 2019 Updated for OneFS 8.1.3 3.0 April 2019 Updated for OneFS 8.2 4.0 August 2019 Updated for OneFS 8.2.1 5.0 December 2019 Updated for OneFS 8.2.2 6.0 June 2020 Updated for OneFS 9.0 7.0 October 2020 Updated for OneFS 9.1 8.0 April 2021 Updated for OneFS 9.2 Acknowledgements This paper was produced by the following: Author: Nick Trimbee The information in this publication is provided “as is.” Dell Inc. makes no representations or warranties of any kind with respect to the information in this publication, and specifically disclaims implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. Use, copying, and distribution of any software described in this publication requires an applicable software license. Copyright © Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All Rights Reserved. Dell, EMC, Dell EMC and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other trademarks may be trademarks of their respective owners. 2 | Dell EMC PowerScale OneFS Cluster Composition, Quorum, & Group State ©202 1 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. TABLE OF CONTENTS Intended Audience ............................................................................................................................... 4 Cluster Composition, Quorum and Group State ............................................................................................................ 4 Cluster Composition and Group State .......................................................................................................................... -
HPC with Openmosix
HPC with openMosix Ninan Sajeeth Philip St. Thomas College Kozhencheri IMSc -Jan 2005 [email protected] Acknowledgements ● This document uses slides and image clippings available on the web and in books on HPC. Credit is due to their original designers! IMSc -Jan 2005 [email protected] Overview ● Mosix to openMosix ● Why openMosix? ● Design Concepts ● Advantages ● Limitations IMSc -Jan 2005 [email protected] The Scenario ● We have MPI and it's pretty cool, then why we need another solution? ● Well, MPI is a specification for cluster communication and is not a solution. ● Two types of bottlenecks exists in HPC - hardware and software (OS) level. IMSc -Jan 2005 [email protected] Hardware limitations for HPC IMSc -Jan 2005 [email protected] The Scenario ● We are approaching the speed and size limits of the electronics ● Major share of possible optimization remains with software part - OS level IMSc -Jan 2005 [email protected] Hardware limitations for HPC IMSc -Jan 2005 [email protected] How Clusters Work? Conventional supe rcomputers achieve their speed using extremely optimized hardware that operates at very high speed. Then, how do the clusters out-perform them? Simple, they cheat. While the supercomputer is optimized in hardware, the cluster is so in software. The cluster breaks down a problem in a special way so that it can distribute all the little pieces to its constituents. That way the overall problem gets solved very efficiently. - A Brief Introduction To Commodity Clustering Ryan Kaulakis IMSc -Jan 2005 [email protected] What is MOSIX? ● MOSIX is a software solution to minimise OS level bottlenecks - originally designed to improve performance of MPI and PVM on cluster systems http://www.mosix.org Not open source Free for personal and academic use IMSc -Jan 2005 [email protected] MOSIX More Technically speaking: ● MOSIX is a Single System Image (SSI) cluster that allows Automated Load Balancing across nodes through preemptive process migrations. -
Introduction Course Outline Why Does This Fail? Lectures Tutorials
Course Outline • Prerequisites – COMP2011 Data Organisation • Stacks, queues, hash tables, lists, trees, heaps,…. Introduction – COMP2021 Digital Systems Structure • Assembly programming • Mapping of high-level procedural language to assembly COMP3231/9201/3891/9283 language – or the postgraduate equivalent (Extended) Operating Systems – You are expected to be competent Kevin Elphinstone programmers!!!! • We will be using the C programming language – The dominant language for OS implementation. – Need to understand pointers, pointer arithmetic, explicit 2 memory allocation. Why does this fail? Lectures • Common for all courses (3231/3891/9201/9283) void func(int *x, int *y) • Wednesday, 2-4pm { • Thursday, 5-6pm *x = 1; *y = 2; – All lectures are here (EE LG03) – The lecture notes will be available on the course web site } • Available prior to lectures, when possible. void main() – The lecture notes and textbook are NOT a substitute for { attending lectures. int *a, *b; func(a,b); } 3 4 Tutorials Assignments • Assignments form a substantial component of • Start in week 2 your assessment. • A tutorial participation mark will • They are challenging!!!! – Because operating systems are challenging contribute to your final assessment. • We will be using OS/161, – Participation means participation, NOT – an educational operating system attendance. – developed by the Systems Group At Harvard – Comp9201/3891/9283 students excluded – It contains roughly 20,000 lines of code and comments • You will only get participation marks in your enrolled tutorial. 5 6 1 Assignments Assignments • Assignments are in pairs • Don’t under estimate the time needed to do the – Info on how to pair up available soon assignments. • We usually offer advanced versions of the – ProfQuotes: [About the midterm] "We can't keep you working assignments on it all night, it's not OS.“ Ragde, CS341 – Available bonus marks are small compared to amount of • If you start a couple days before they are due, you will be late. -
The Utility Coprocessor: Massively Parallel Computation from the Coffee Shop
The Utility Coprocessor: Massively Parallel Computation from the Coffee Shop John R. Douceur, Jeremy Elson, Jon Howell, and Jacob R. Lorch Microsoft Research Abstract slow jobs that take several minutes without UCop be- UCop, the “utility coprocessor,” is middleware that come interactive (15–20 seconds) with it. Thanks to makes it cheap and easy to achieve dramatic speedups the recent emergence of utility-computing services like of parallelizable, CPU-bound desktop applications using Amazon EC2 [8] and FlexiScale [45], which rent com- utility computing clusters in the cloud. To make UCop puters by the hour on a moment’s notice, anyone with a performant, we introduced techniques to overcome the credit card and $10 can use UCop to speed up his own low available bandwidth and high latency typical of the parallel applications. networks that separate users’ desktops from a utility One way to describe UCop is that it effectively con- computing service. To make UCop economical and easy verts application software into a scalable cloud service to use, we devised a scheme that hides the heterogene- targeted at exactly one user. This goal entails five re- ity of client configurations, allowing a single cluster to quirements. Configuration transparency means the ser- serve virtually everyone: in our Linux-based prototype, vice matches the user’s application, library, and con- the only requirement is that users and the cluster are us- figuration state. Non-invasive installation means UCop ing the same major kernel version. works with a user’s existing file system and application This paper presents the design, implementation, and configuration. -
Legoos: a Disseminated, Distributed OS for Hardware Resource
LegoOS: A Disseminated, Distributed OS for Hardware Resource Disaggregation Yizhou Shan, Yutong Huang, Yilun Chen, and Yiying Zhang, Purdue University https://www.usenix.org/conference/osdi18/presentation/shan This paper is included in the Proceedings of the 13th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI ’18). October 8–10, 2018 • Carlsbad, CA, USA ISBN 978-1-939133-08-3 Open access to the Proceedings of the 13th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation is sponsored by USENIX. LegoOS: A Disseminated, Distributed OS for Hardware Resource Disaggregation Yizhou Shan, Yutong Huang, Yilun Chen, Yiying Zhang Purdue University Abstract that can fit into monolithic servers and deploying them in datacenters is a painful and cost-ineffective process that The monolithic server model where a server is the unit often limits the speed of new hardware adoption. of deployment, operation, and failure is meeting its lim- We believe that datacenters should break mono- its in the face of several recent hardware and application lithic servers and organize hardware devices like CPU, trends. To improve resource utilization, elasticity, het- DRAM, and disks as independent, failure-isolated, erogeneity, and failure handling in datacenters, we be- network-attached components, each having its own con- lieve that datacenters should break monolithic servers troller to manage its hardware. This hardware re- into disaggregated, network-attached hardware compo- source disaggregation architecture is enabled by recent nents. Despite the promising benefits of hardware re- advances in network technologies [24, 42, 52, 66, 81, 88] source disaggregation, no existing OSes or software sys- and the trend towards increasing processing power in tems can properly manage it. -
Linux Based Diskless System Using RSYNC Algorithm
International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887) Volume 155 – No 3, December 2016 Linux based Diskless System using RSYNC Algorithm August Anthony N. Balute Dennis B. Gonzales, PhD CAP College Foundation Inc. University of the East Makati, Philippines Manila, Philippines Mateo D. Macalaguing Jr., Ed.D Caroline J. Aga-ab CAP College Foundation Inc. AMA University Makati Philippines Quezon City, Philippines ABSTRACT Centers, Offices, Cybercafe, Karaoke, and can likewise be The objective of this venture is to give a cost effective open utilized as a part of bunch registering. Diskless workstation is source Remote Desktop based registering environment to a PC framework with no plate drives introduced locally along clients by utilizing Virtualization Technology and existing these lines booting it's working framework from a server in open source programming and apparatuses. In this venture, we the neighborhood. Now and then when a PC framework is have utilized LTSP (Linux Terminal Server Project) to get to having a circle drive yet don't utilizing it that framework is Remote Desktop and Xen hypervisor to give virtual desktop additionally called a diskless workstation. Diskless environment at server. A client gets a customized desktop as a Workstations give less expensive however more secure VM (Virtual Machine) running over remote server. It is not systems administration answers for undertakings. Qualities of the same as the old Remote Desktop arrangements in a route diskless workstations are, the working framework is stacked that rather than a login session on single OS remote server, from the server when booting up. Clearly the various client will get a completely fledged desktop with fancied OS.