Vancouver Island North LHA Profile 2017
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VANCOUVER ISLAND NORTH Local Health Area Profile Vancouver Island North (VI North) Local Health Area (LHA) is one of 14 LHAs in Island Health and is located in Island Health’s North Island Health Service Delivery Area (HSDA). Situated at the northern tip of the North Island HSDA, VI North encompasses 21,157 square kilometres and includes the communities of Port Hardy, Port Alice, Port McNeill, Alert Bay, Kingcome and Zeballos. VI North borders two other LHAs: Vancouver Island West and Greater Campbell River. VI North is situated along Highway 19, approximately a three hour drive from Campbell River. Many of its communities are more accessible by boat or plane than by road. BC Transit runs seven bus lines in the VI North area, primarily between Port Hardy and Port McNeill. HandyDART services are also offered in Port Hardy and Port McNeill. There are BC Ferries services from Port Hardy to Bella Coola, Prince Rupert, and Haida Gwaii, as well as between Port McNeill, Sointula and Alert Bay. July 2018 An accompanying Interpretation Guide has been created to assist with the interpretation of indicators. The Interpretation Guide should be read with the profiles. These profiles are not intended to be used for detailed planning or analysis. As they are updated on an annual basis, there may be more current data available. If you are intending to use these profiles for health planning purposes, or if you have questions or notice a discrepancy, please contact: Maritia Gully ([email protected]). 1 of 22 Population and Demographics As of 2017, the Vancouver Island North LHA represented 1.4% (11,325 people) of Island Health’s total population of 793,180. According to the 2016 Census, 31.2% of people living in Vancouver Island North identified themselves as Aboriginal compared to 7.6% across Island Health and 5.9% in BC. Additionally, 4.3% of people living in the Vancouver Island North area identified themselves as a visible minority, compared to 9.6% across Island Health and 30.3% in BC. On average, the population of the Vancouver Island North LHA is older than that of BC but younger than Island Health overall, with an average age of 41.8 years. The 75+ age group makes up around 5.5% of the population which is lower than Island Health (10%) and BC (8%). Currently the largest population group is between the ages 45 and 64 years. The Vancouver Island North LHA population is expected to increase by 6.72% to 12,141 over the next 10 years; this is lower than the growth expected for Island Health (8.7%) and BC (10.8%). The greatest growth is expected in the 75+ age group which is expected to more than triple (from 628 to 2,237) over the next 20 years. The 65-74 year age group is expected to increase over the short term and then decline while the 45-64 age group is expected to decline steadily. The 0-19 year age group is expected to remain stable while the 20-44 year age group is expected in increase steadily. See the Population and Demographics summary on page 10 for more information. Average Age (2017) Estimated Total Population - Vancouver Island North BC Island Health Vancouver Island North 4K 41.7 44.6 41.8 3K n o i t a l u p 2K o P Population Pyramid - 2017 - Vancouver Island North 1K 90+ 85 - 89 0K 80 - 84 75 - 79 Estimated Population Change - Vancouver Island North 70 - 74 65 - 69 7 60 - 64 1 0 2 55 - 59 m 50 - 54 o 200% r f 45 - 49 n 40 - 44 o i t 35 - 39 a l 30 - 34 u 100% p 25 - 29 o P n 20 - 24 i 15 - 19 ff i D 10 - 14 0% 05 - 09 % 01 - 04 7 9 1 3 5 7 9 1 3 5 7 9 1 <1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 400 200 0 0 200 400 Male Population Female Population 0-19 20-44 45-64 65-74 75+ 2 of 22 Determinants of Health Access to adequate income, affordable housing, healthy food, education, healthy environments and recreational opportunities influence our health and wellbeing. People who are less well-off generally have poorer health and shorter life expectancies than those who are well-off. By working upstream to improve the conditions in which all people live, work and play, we can decrease these gaps and improve the health and wellbeing of our population. Income and Employment The median household income for the Vancouver Island North LHA was $57,685 in 2016, lower than the BC median household income of $69,979 and Island Health’s $65,735. The proportion of persons who are members of a low income household is higher across all age groups compared to Island Health and BC overall. Unemployment rates in Vancouver Island North are higher in comparison to Island Health and BC (see page 11). Percent of Population with Low Income in 2015 based on after-tax low-income measure (2016 Census) Low Income Children (<6 years) Low Income Children and Youth Low Income Adults (18 to 64) Low Income Seniors (65+) (<18) BC 25.4 25.1 25 Island Health Vancouver Island North n o i t 20.0 a 19.6 l 20 19.2 u 18.4 p 17.7 o 16.7 P d 14.9 14.9 e 14.7 t 15 c e l e 11.7 S f o t 10 n e c r e P 5 0 Education High School Completion Rate within 6 years of Grade 8 Enrollment High school completion rates in the Vancouver Island North LHA are lower than the rates for Island Health. Also, according to the 2016 80 Census, and a smaller proportion of the Vancouver Island North 70 adult population have completed post-secondary education. s t n 60 e d u t 50 S f o t 40 Population Aged 25 to 64 with Post-Secondary Certificate, Diploma n e c or Degree (%) r 30 e P 2016 20 BC Island Health BC Island Health Vancouver Island North 10 Vancouver Island North 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 63.9 63.7 48.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 of 22 Determinants of Health Selected Household Indicators Dwellings Needing Housing Affordability Housing Affordability Major Repairs (%) Owners (% spending Renters (% spending Housing >30% of Income) >30% of Income) 50 One way to measure affordability of housing is to look at BC 45.0 43.3 how much of a household’s income is spent on shelter. The Island Health proportion in Vancouver Island North is lower than in BC 40 Vancouver Island North 36.3 and Island Health for home owners and for renters; both n o i t groups having a smaller percentage of the population a l u 30 spending more than 30% of their incomes on housing. p o P There is a lower percentage of crowded family households f o 20.7 in Vancouver Island North compared to BC but higher than t n Island Health (see page 11). The percentage of households e 20 17.2 c r 15.5 in need of major repairs (e.g., defective electrical wiring) e P 12.7 is higher than the Island Health and BC rates. 10 6.3 6.2 0 Early Childhood Development and Determinants of Child and Youth Health Median Household and Lone-Parent Income, and Percentage of Lone-Parent Families (2016 Census) Creating supportive and healthy environments in an Median household Median lone-parent Lone-parent equitable way so that all children and youth can grow and total income ($) family income ($) Families (%) thrive is critical to the health of the population. This includes supporting mothers during the pre- and 70.0K 70K 65.7K post-natal period, supporting families during early BC 26 development years, and supporting children and youth to 60K 57.7K grow, learn, and transition into adulthood. 50.9K 50K 48.4K s r Vancouver Island North has the same percentage of a l 41.9K l lone-parent families in comparison to BC and higher than o Island D 40K 22 Island Health. However, lone-parent families in Vancouver 5 Health 1 0 Island North also have a lower median household income 2 30K than lone-parent families in Island Health and BC. 20K Vancouver Early Childhood Development Instrument (EDI) Island 26 Percent of Preschool Children Vulnerable on 10K North EDI: Vulnerable on >1 Domains 0K 40 35 n e The Early Development Instrument (EDI) is used to measure r d 30 l i vulnerability in kindergarten children across five domains (social, h C 25 physical, emotional, language, and communication). Increases in the n e t EDI rate are a negative indicator of child health and decreases are a r a 20 g positive indicator. For Island Health overall, vulnerability has r e d 15 increased between 2007/2009 and 2014/2016; however, Vancouver n i K Island North had higher levels of vulnerability as compared to Island % 10 BC Health and BC and has shown an increase over time in the rate of Island Health 5 vulnerability.