Vancouver Island North LHA Profile 2019
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VANCOUVER ISLAND NORTH - 434 Local Health Area Profile Vancouver Island North (V.I. North) Local Health Area (LHA) is one of 14 LHAs in Island Health and is located in Island Health’s North Island Health Service Delivery Area (HSDA). Situated at the northern tip of the North Island HSDA, V.I. North encompasses 21,157 square kilometres and includes the communities of Port Hardy, Port Alice, Port McNeill, Alert Bay, Kingcome, and Zeballos. V.I. North borders two other LHAs: Vancouver Island West and Greater Campbell River. V.I. North is situated along Highway 19, approximately a three hour drive from Campbell River. Many of its communities are more accessible by boat or plane than by road. BC Transit runs seven bus lines in the V.I. North area, primarily between Port Hardy and Port McNeill. HandyDART services are also offered in Port Hardy and Port McNeill. There are BC Ferries services from Port Hardy to Bella Coola, Prince Rupert, and Haida Gwaii, as well as between Port McNeill, Sointula and Alert Bay. July 2018 An accompanying Interpretation Guide has been created to assist with the interpretation of indicators. The Interpretation Guide should be read with the profiles. These profiles are not intended to be used for detailed planning or analysis. As they are updated on an annual basis, there may be more current data available. If you are intending to use these profiles for health planning purposes, if you have detailed questions, or notice a discrepancy, please contact Maritia Gully ([email protected]). 1 of 22 Population and Demographics As of 2019, the Vancouver Island North LHA represents 1.4% (11,869 people) of Island Health’s total population of 843,376. According to the 2016 Census, 31.2% of people living in Vancouver Island North identified themselves as Indigenous, compared to 7.6% across Island Health and 5.9% in BC. Additionally, 4.3% of people living in Vancouver Island North identified themselves as a visible minority, compared to 9.6% across Island Health and 30.3% in BC. The population of Vancouver Island North is older than that of BC, but younger than Island Health overall, with an average age of 42.1 years. The 75+ age group makes up 4.13% of the population, which is lower than Island Health (10.1%) and BC (7.86%) proportions. Currently the largest population group is between ages 20 and 44. The Vancouver Island North population is expected to increase by 6.28% to 12,614 by the year 2028; this is lower than the growth expected for Island Health (8.63%) and BC (11.4%). The greatest growth is expected in the 75+ age group, which is expected to more than quadruple (from 490 to 2,090) over the next 20 years. The 65-74 year age group is expected to increase over the short term, but similar to the 20-44 age group, will only have a small increase over 20 years. The 0-19 and 45-64 year age groups is expected to remain relatively stable, while decreasing slightly. See the Population and Demographics summary on page 11 for more information. Average Age (2018) Estimated Total Population - V.I. North BC Island Health V.I. North 4K n o i 3K 41.8 44.7 42.1 t a l u 2K p o P 1K Population Pyramid - 2019 - V.I. North 0K 90+ 9 1 3 5 7 9 1 3 5 7 9 85 - 89 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 80 - 84 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 75 - 79 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 70 - 74 65 - 69 Estimated Population Change - V.I. North 60 - 64 55 - 59 50 - 54 45 - 49 300% 40 - 44 35 - 39 30 - 34 200% 25 - 29 20 - 24 100% 15 - 19 10 - 14 05 - 09 0% 01 - 04 <1 9 1 3 5 7 9 1 3 5 7 9 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 400 200 0 0 200 400 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Male Population Female Population 0-19 20-44 45-64 65-74 75+ 2 of 22 Determinants of Health Access to adequate income, affordable housing, healthy food, education, healthy environments, and recreational opportunities influence our health and wellbeing. People who are less well-off generally have poorer health and shorter life expectancies than those who are well-off. By working upstream to improve the conditions in which all people live, work and play, we can decrease these gaps and improve the health and wellbeing of our population. Income and Employment The median household income for Vancouver Island North was $57,685 in 2016, lower than the BC median household income of $69,979 and Island Health’s $65,735 (median income in this report is a before-tax measure unless specified otherwise). The proportion of persons who are members of a low income household is higher across all age groups, compared to Island Health and BC overall. The unemployment rate in Vancouver Island North is higher in comparison to Island Health and BC (see also page 12). Percent of Population with Low Income in 2015 based on after-tax low-income measure (2016 Census) Low Income Children Low Income Children and Low Income Adults (18 to 64) Low Income Seniors (65+) (<6 years) Youth (<18) n o i 25.4 25.1 t a 25 l u p 20.0 o 19.6 19.2 P 20 18.4 17.7 d 16.7 e t 14.9 14.7 14.9 c 15 e l 11.7 e S f 10 o t n e c 5 r e P 0 Education High School Completion Rate within 6 years of Grade 8 Enrollment (2 yr aggregate) High school completion rates in Vancouver Island North are lower than the rates for Island Health. Also, according to 80 the 2016 Census, a smaller proportion of the Vancouver 83.8 s 70 t Island North adult population have completed n 76.7 e 60 post-secondary education. d 69.5 u t S 50 f o t 40 n Population Aged 25 to 64 with Post-Secondary e c 30 r Certificate, Diploma or Degree (%) e P 20 2016 10 BC Island Health V.I. North 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 63.9 63.7 48.7 - - - - - - - - - 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 V.I. North Island Health BC 3 of 22 Determinants of Health Housing Selected Household Indicators Dwellings Needing Housing Affordability Housing Affordability One way to measure affordability of housing is to Major Repairs (%) Owners (% spending Renters (% spending look at how much of a household’s income is spent >30% of Income) >30% of Income) 50 on shelter. The percentage of population spending 45.0 43.3 more than 30% of income in Vancouver Island North is lower than BC and Island Health levels, n 40 o 36.3 i for both home owners and renters. There is a t a l lower percentage of crowded family households in u p 30 o Vancouver Island North compared to BC, but P f o higher compared to Island Health (see page 12). 20.7 t The percentage of households in need of major n 20 17.2 e 15.5 c repairs (e.g. defective electrical wiring) is higher r 12.7 e than the Island Health and BC rates. P 10 6.3 6.2 Early Childhood Development and 0 Determinants of Child and Youth Health Median Household and Lone-Parent Income, and Percentage of Lone-Parent Families (2016 Census) Creating supportive and healthy environments in an equitable way so that all children and youth Median household Median lone-parent Lone-parent can grow and thrive is critical to the health of the total income ($) family income ($) Families (%) population. This includes supporting mothers 70.0K 70K 65.7K during the pre- and post-natal period, supporting 26 families during early development years, 60K 57.7K supporting children and youth to grow, learn, and 50.9K 48.4K transition into adulthood. 50K 41.9K 40K 22 Vancouver Island North has the same percentage of lone-parent families in comparison to BC and 30K higher than Island Health. Lone-parent families in Vancouver Island North also have a lower median 20K 26 household income than lone-parent families in 10K Island Health and BC. 0K Early Development Instrument (EDI) The Early Development Instrument (EDI) is used to Percent of Preschool Children Vulnerable in measure vulnerability in "waves" of kindergarten children EDI: Vulnerable on ≥1 Domains across five domains (social, physical, emotional, language, and communication). Increases in the EDI rate are a 40 negative indicator of child health and decreases are a 40.0 t positive indicator. For Island Health overall, vulnerability n 35 e 32.2 had increased between 2007/2009 and 2011/2013, but c r e 30.0 decreased in the most recent wave. Vancouver Island P 30 31.1 29.9 North has had higher levels of vulnerability compared to 26.0 Island Health and BC, and has shown an increase over time 2004- 2007- 2009- 2011- 2013- in the rate of vulnerability.