DOCSLIB.ORG

Modelling of Park and Ride Programme for Penang Bridge Express Shuttle Transit (Best)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Modelling of Park and Ride Programme for Penang Bridge Express Shuttle Transit (Best) MODELLING OF PARK AND RIDE PROGRAMME FOR PENANG BRIDGE EXPRESS SHUTTLE TRANSIT (BEST) MUSTAQIN BIN ALPI UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA 2017 MODELLING OF PARK AND RIDE PROGRAMME FOR PENANG BRIDGE EXPRESS SHUTTLE TRANSIT (BEST) by MUSTAQIN BIN ALPI Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science December 2017 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Assalamualaikum w.b.t and Salam Sejahtera. In The Name Of Allah The Most Gracious and The Most Merciful. Alhamdulillah, I managed to complete my Master Degree thesis in Public Transport field entitled A MODELLING OF PARK AND RIDE PROGRAM FOR PENANG BRIDGE EXPRESS SHUTTLE TRANSIT (BEST). Here, I like to take the opportunity to express my deep and sincere gratitude to my supervisor Associate Professor Ir. Dr. Leong Lee Vien for all the knowledge and also the assistance that was provided to finish this thesis. Millions of thanks also I would like to give to my co supervisors Professor Ahmad Farhan Mohd Sadullah and Professor Meor Othman Hamzah. With all their support and encouragement, I manage to finally complete this thesis. Last but not least, to my lovely wife and my children, thank you very much for understanding and support to complete this report. Hope this thesis will help all the researchers to understand more about Park and Ride in Malaysia. Thank You. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ii TABLE OF CONTENTS iii LIST OF TABLES vii LIST OF FIGURES ix LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS x LIST OF SYMBOLS xii ABSTRAK xiv ABSTRACT xvi CHAPTER ONE : INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Transportation in Pulau Pinang 1 1.3 Bridge Express Shuttle Services (BEST) 3 1.4 Public Transport Usage in Penang 4 1.4.1 Bus Service Capacity 4 1.4.2 Bus Service Reliability 5 1.4.3 Bus Service Comfort 6 1.4.4 Bus Information 7 1.4.5 Bus Stop Infrastructure 8 1.5 Road Safety Management in Pulau Pinang 9 1.6 Problem Statement 10 iii 1.7 Objectives 11 1.8 Scope of the Study 11 1.9 Organization of Thesis 11 CHAPTER TWO : LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Introduction 13 2.2 Park and Ride 13 2.2.1 Travelling Cost 16 2.2.2 Travel Time 19 2.2.3 Pick - Up Point Facilities 22 2.3 Summary 25 CHAPTER THREE : METHODOLOGY 3.1 Introduction 26 3.2 Study Methodology 26 3.3 Data Collection 27 3.3.1 Questionnaire Survey 27 3.3.2 Secondary Data 28 3.4 Research Design 28 3.4.1 Types of Investigation 28 3.4.2 Unit of Analysis 28 3.4.3 Time Horizon 29 iv 3.5 Research Instrument 29 3.5.1 Questionnaire Design Survey 29 3.5.2 Statistical Method 29 3.6 Data Analysis and Treatment 29 3.6.1 Reliability of Measures: Cronbach`s Alpha 30 3.6.2 Descriptive Statistics 30 3.6.3 One – Way ANOVA 30 3.6.4 Principal Component Analysis 31 3.6.5 Multiple Linear Regression Models (MLR) 31 3.6.6 Dummy Variable 31 3.6.7 Performance Indicators of the model 32 3.7 Summary 32 CHAPTER FOUR : RESULT AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Introduction 34 4.2 Analysis on Questionnaire Data 34 4.2.1 Demographic of Current Users 34 4.2.2 PCA (Principle Component Analysis) 39 4.2.3 Ranking Analysis 42 4.3 Current Performance and Ridership Pattern 44 4.3.1 Overall Ridership Performance 44 4.3.2 Average Monthly Ridership According to the Route A, B, and C for Departure and Return 47 v 4.3.3 Descriptive Analysis Based on Average Monthly Ridership 52 4.3.4 One – Way ANOVA Test for Routes A, B and C 53 4.3.5 One – Way ANOVA Test for Daily BEST FTZ Performance 55 4.3.6 BEST FTZ Model 56 4.3.7 Performance Indicators (PI) 72 CHAPTER FIVE : CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 5.1 Conclusions 74 5.2 Recommendations 75 REFERENCES 77 APPENDICES APPENDIX A : Questionnaire Survey Form APPENDIX B : Overall Ridership (Mac-December 2011) vi LIST OF TABLES Page Table 2.1: Influencing factors 15 Table 4.1: KMO and Bartlett's Test 40 Table 4.2: PCA result 41 Table 4.3: PCA Grouping 42 Table 4.4: Descriptive Statistics for the factor using the BEST service 43 Table 4.5: Descriptive Analysis on Average Monthly Ridership according to Route and Trip 53 Table 4.6: ANOVA Test for Route A, B and C 54 Table 4.7: Duncan Test for the average ridership each route 54 Table 4.8: Anova Test for Daily ridership 55 Table 4.9: Duncan Test result 56 Table 4.10: Model summary for departure of all routes using five variables 58 Table 4.11: ANOVA result for departure of all routes using five variables 58 Table 4.12: Prediction model for departure of all routes using five variables 59 Table 4.13: Model summary for return of all routes using five variables 60 Table 4.14: ANOVA result for return of all routes using five variables 61 Table 4.15: Prediction model for return of all routes using five variables 61 Table 4.16: Model summary for departure of all routes using four variables 63 Table 4.17: ANOVA result for departure of all routes using four variables 63 Table 4.18: Prediction model for departure of all routes using four variables 63 Table 4.19: Model summary for return of all routes using four variables 65 Table 4.20: ANOVA result for return of all routes using four variables 65 Table 4.21: Prediction model for return of all routes using four variables 66 vii Table 4.22: Model summary for departure 69 Table 4.23: ANOVA result for departure 69 Table 4.24: Prediction model for departure 69 Table 4.25: Model summary for return 70 Table 4.26: ANOVA result for return 71 Table 4.27: Prediction model for return 71 Table 4.28: PI for departure and return 73 viii LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 1.1: BEST FTZ Route A 3 Figure 1.2: BEST FTZ Route B 4 Figure 1.3: BEST FTZ Route C 4 Figure 2.1: Concept of Park and Ride 16 Figure 2.2: Possible journey for Park and Ride users 20 Figure 3.1: Flow chart of study 27 Figure 3.2: Procedure for development of MLR 31 Figure 4.1: BEST FTZ users by gender 35 Figure 4.2: BEST FTZ users according to age group 36 Figure 4.3: BEST FTZ users based on income group 37 Figure 4.4: BEST FTZ users according to race 38 Figure 4.5: BEST FTZ users based on frequency 39 Figure 4.6: Overall ridership according to route 45 Figure 4.7: Overall ridership for Route A, B and C 45 Figure 4.8: Ridership for the months of March until December 2011 46 Figure 4.9: Ridership for departure Route A (Mac – Dec 2011) 47 Figure 4.10: Ridership for return Route A (Mac – Dec 2011) 48 Figure 4.11: Ridership for departure Route B (Mac – Dec 2011) 49 Figure 4.12: Ridership for return Route B (Mac – Dec 2011) 50 Figure 4.13: Ridership for departure Route C (Mac – Dec 2011) 51 Figure 4.14: Ridership for return Route C (Mac – Dec 2011) 52 ix LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ANOVA Analysis of variance BEST Bridge Express Shuttle Transit CCTV Close Circuit Television FTZ Free Trade Zone HOV High Occupancy Vehicle IA Index of Agreement KMO Kaiser Meyer Olkin Measure LRT Light Railway Transit MIROS Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research MLR Multiple Linear Regression Model MBPP Majlis Bandaraya Pulau Pinang (City Council of Penang Island) MPSP Majlis Perbandaran Seberang Perai (Municipal Council of Seberang Perai) NAE Normalised Absolute Error O-D Origin – Destination x PA Prediction Accuracy PCA Principal Component Analysis PI Performance Indicator R2 Coefficient of Determination RMSE Root Mean Square Error SPSS Statistical Package for the Social Science xi LIST OF SYMBOLS µ Ridership route A ₁ µ Ridership route B ₂ µ Ridership route C ₃ µᵢ Mean of route ridership H Alternate hypothesis ₁ Hᴏ Null hypothesis β 1, β 2, β 3, β4 Coefficients Dt1 Travel time - 5.30 am – 6.30 am Dt2 Travel time - 6.30 am – 7.30 am Dt3 Travel time - 7.30 am – 8.30 am Dt1 Travel time - 4.30 pm – 5.30 pm Dt2 Travel time - 5.30 pm – 6.30 pm Dt3 Travel time - 6.30 pm – 7.30 pm Dd1 Travel day (Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday) Dd0 Travel day (Friday) xii βd Constant (Departure) βr Constant (Return) Dr1 Route A Dr2 Route B xiii PEMBANGUNAN MODEL PARK AND RIDE BAGI PROGRAM PENANG BRIDGE EXPRESS SHUTTLE TRANSIT (BEST) ABSTRAK Pada masa kini, kebanyakan bandar-bandar besar di Malaysia berhadapan dengan masalah kesesakan lalu lintas terutamanya pada waktu-waktu puncak. Pertambahan bilangan kenderaan di jalan raya di Malaysia menjadikan masalah ini semakin besar. Oleh kerana kapasiti jalan raya yang sedia ada tidak dapat menampung beban kapasiti kenderaan, keadaan traffik menjadi lebih teruk. Sebagai contoh, pengguna jalan raya perlu mengambil masa yang lama dalam perjalanan setiap hari dan ini adalah perkara yang menyebabkan produktiviti dan kualiti hidup terjejas. Oleh itu, penggunaan pengangkutan awam adalah sangat penting bagi mengatasi masalah ini. Walaubagaimanapun, sistem pengangkutan awam terlebih dahulu perlu dilengkapkan, dinaiktaraf dan berkesan supaya dapat menarik pengguna yang ramai. Penggunaan konsep Park and Ride masih belum meluas dipraktikkan di Malaysia. Kebanyakan penggunaan sistem Park and Ride ini adalah melibatkan sistem Rel. Kerajaan Negeri Pulau Pinang telah bekerjasama dengan Rapid Penang bagi memperkenalkan konsep bas baru untuk program Park and Ride yang digunakan khas untuk pekerja-pekerja kilang di kawasan Free Trade Zone (FTZ) di Bayan Lepas.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • An Interim Evaluation of Penang's First Bike-Share Scheme
    GEOGRAFIA OnlineTM Malaysian Journal of Society and Space 15 issue 3 (163-175) © 2019, e-ISSN 2682-7727 https://doi.org/10.17576/geo-2019-1503-12 163 An interim evaluation of Penang’s first bike-share scheme Nadhrah A Kadir, Lim Ghee-Thean, Law Chee Hong School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Correspondence: Nadhrah A Kadir (email: [email protected]) Received: 23 April 2019; Accepted: 25 July 2019; Published: 22 August 2019 Abstract Bike-sharing schemes are gaining worldwide momentum as a non-motorized transport. The reasons why cities have jumped on the bandwagon of implementing a bike-share system are to reduce traffic congestion, to improve air quality and as an alternative transport option to move around cities. As part of the effort to be “cleaner, greener, healthier and safer,” Penang Island has decided to launch the first bike-share scheme in Penang, making it the first state in Malaysia to ever implement a bike-sharing program with a docking station. While the existing literature on bike-sharing focuses on European and North American cities, less attention is given to experiences in South East Asia, especially small cities in the South East Asia. This paper aims to fill that gap by evaluating the performance of the pioneer of the bike-sharing program in Penang; i.e. the LinkBike. Using the inaugural data from LinkBike’s first annual report, as well as data from personal interviews and grey literature, this paper attempts to understand the performance, opportunities and challenges facing LinkBike in its first year of operation. Essentially, results show that LinkBike was performing quite well considering it was the bike-share pioneer in Penang.
    [Show full text]
  • Teks Ucapan Y.A.B
    TEKS UCAPAN Y.A.B. KETUA MENTERI PULAU PINANG MENGENAI RANG UNDANG-UNDANG PERBEKALAN DAN USUL ANGGARAN PEMBANGUNAN 2009 DI PERSIDANGAN DEWAN UNDANGAN NEGERI PADA 14 NOVEMBER 2008 Y.B. Tuan Speaker, BAJET 2009 Saya mohon mencadangkan supaya rang undang-undang yang bernama “Suatu enakmen bagi menggunakan sejumlah wang daripada Kumpulan Wang Disatukan untuk perkhidmatan bagi tahun 2009 dan bagi memperuntukkan wang itu untuk perkhidmatan tahun itu” dibaca kali kedua. PENDAHULUAN Y.B. Tuan Speaker, 1. Sebelum saya membentangkan Bajet Negeri Pulau Pinang bagi Tahun 2009 di Dewan yang mulia ini, saya ingin mengambil kesempatan di sini untuk mengucapkan ribuan terima kasih kepada Tuan Yang Terutama Yang di-Pertua Negeri yang amat prihatin terhadap kesejahteraan Negeri Pulau Pinang serta sentiasa memberi inspirasi kepada saya dan Kerajaan Negeri dalam menjalankan pentadbiran negeri ini dengan jayanya. Saya juga ingin mengambil kesempatan ini untuk menzahirkan ucapan terima kasih kepada seluruh anggota Kerajaan Negeri dan Persekutuan yang telah memberi kerjasama dan sokongan kepada kerajaan baru ini. 1 2. Ini adalah Bajet pertama Kerajaan Pakatan Rakyat (PR) sejak tsunami politik pada 8hb Mac 2008 yang menumbangkan kerajaan BN selepas memerintah selama 30 tahun. Dengan sokongan hampir 60 peratus pengundi sebanyak 319,757 rakyat Pulau Pinang, PR memperolehi majoriti 2/3 memenangi 29 kerusi berbanding dengan UMNO 11. Ini bukan sahaja menjaminkan kedudukan politik yang kukuh dan stabil tetapi mencerminkan hasrat rakyat yang mahukan perubahan berlandaskan urustadbir baik. 3. Urustadbir baik adalah berdasarkan sistem Cekap, Akauntabiliti dan Telus atau C.A.T. Kita berazam mendirikan sebuah kerajaan bercorak demokrasi, ketuanan rakyat dan kepimpinan beretika yang bersatu di bawah panji nilai-nilai teras universal yang diterima semua iaitu, 5K: kebebasan, keadilan, kebenaran, keluhuran undang-undang dalam Perlembagaan Persekutuan dan ketaqwaan kepada Tuhan.
    [Show full text]
  • Whose Opinion Matters: Lessons from a Stakeholder Engagement
    WHOSE OPINION MATTERS: LESSONS Minal Pathak FROM A STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT PROCESS FOR PENANG, MALAYSIA WHOSE OPINION MATTERS: LESSONS FROM A STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT PROCESS FOR PENANG, MALAYSIA by Minal Pathak MIT-UTM Malaysia Sustainable Cities Program Massachusetts Institute of Technology Abstract Transportation-related decisions, like many other public policy issues, are complex. They involve multiple stakeholders, often with conflicting interests, and influence multiple sustainability dimensions over space and time. In response to this complexity, governments often make decisions based mainly on advice from experts, offering limited opportunities for public participation in the decision making process. This study examines stakeholder involvement in a transportation plan in Penang, Malaysia. The study employs a qualitative methodology and uses select indicators to evaluate the engagement process. Despite a concerted effort to engage the public, the government failed to resolve conflicts with key stakeholder groups. Three key findings emerge from the assessment: first, a poorly designed process can be counterproductive, resulting in delays and loss of trust; second, involving stakeholders at a later stage limits opportunities for meaningful stakeholder contribution; and third, stakeholder groups can mobilize and shift the balance of political power. For all these reasons and more, decisions in the public arena must go beyond meeting the mandated requirements, and move towards a deliberative process aiming for shared decision-making. The study proposes a set of recommendations for a more effective process. Introduction Urban transportation decisions involve multiple stakeholders and agencies, often with conflicting interests. Increasingly, policy makers are faced with the challenge of balancing immediate concerns—for example, improving mobility—with long-term sustainability concerns.
    [Show full text]
  • Eleventh Malaysia Plan 2016-2020 Anchoring G­­­­­­Rowth on People
    ELEVENTH MALAYSIA PLAN 2016-2020 ANCHORING G ROWTH ON PEOPLE ISBN 978-9675842085 For further information refer to: Director General, Economic Planning Unit, Prime Minister’s Department, Block B5 & B6, Federal Government Administrative Centre, 62502 Putrajaya. MALAYSIA. http://www.epu.gov.my email: [email protected] Tel.: 603-8000 8000 Fax: 603-8888 3755 Released on 21st May 2015 Reprinted on 29th May 2015 Publisher’s Copyright© All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, copied, stored in any retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise; without prior permission of Economic Planning Unit, Prime Minister’s Department, Malaysia. Printed by Percetakan Nasional Malaysia Berhad, Kuala Lumpur, 2015 www.printnasional.com.my Email: [email protected] Tel: 03-92366895 Fax: 03-92224773 ELEVENTH MALAYSIA PLAN 2016-2020 ANCHORING G ROWTH ON PEOPLE Foreword Dato’ Sri Mohd Najib bin Tun Haji Abdul Razak Prime Minister of Malaysia i The Eleventh Malaysia Plan, 2016-2020, marks a momentous milestone in our nation’s history. With 2020 now just five years away, the Eleventh Plan is the next critical step in our journey to become an advanced nation that is inclusive and sustainable. In the last five years, although Malaysia encountered headwinds from a global economic slowdown, our economy has done extremely well with GDP growth among the fastest in the region. The quality of life of the rakyat has also improved as reflected by the increase in both per capita income and the average household income. This was made possible by the numerous reforms that were put in place by the Government to improve the quality of life of the people.
    [Show full text]
  • Penang Economic Indicators an Extract from Penang Monthly January 2015 Issue 1.15 by Lim Kim-Hwa Penang Economic Outlook
    PENANG ECONOMIC INDICATORS an extract from Penang Monthly January 2015 Issue 1.15 By Lim Kim-Hwa PENANG ECONOMIC OUTLOOK Penang Economic Outlook 2015 • The external macro environment, properties within the George Town Nevertheless, as Penang’s economy in particular the crude oil price, the Unesco World Heritage Site is likely to matures, domestically driven timing on the start of the rise in US provide support to prices. economic activities will become interest rates and its ensuing impact on • Penang’s manufacturing, especially increasingly important economic financial capital flows, will introduce the electrical and electronics (E&E) drivers in the years ahead. higher volatility to Malaysia’s economy, sector, is likely to benefit from the • Employment growth is likely to including the risk of twin deficits. US recovery. With investments in the remain stable, with labour shortages Nevertheless, Penang is expected to services sector such as the Penang continuing to be an issue. continue to contribute trade surpluses International Technology Park, it will • Plans are in progress to improve in 2015 due to the weakening of mean higher degree of convergence Penang’s connectivity. The the Ringgit, and the state budget is between the manufacturing and implementation of the Penang Master expected to remain in surplus. services sectors, thus enhancing the Transport Plan through the Request • At the same time, Malaysia’s domestic cluster effect in Penang. for Proposal of the RM27bil project environment will become more • Penang’s tourism and medical tourism is underway; DHL is investing challenging given the introduction sectors are well placed to continue to additionally in Penang’s airport, and of the GST from April 1, 2015 and the benefit from the rising middle income double-tracking of the rail service sensitivity of Malaysian households to class in Asia as well as an ageing to Ipoh and KL from Butterworth is any interest rate hike due to their high population.
    [Show full text]
  • PENANG MUSEUMS, CULTURE and HISTORY Abu Talib Ahmad
    Kajian Malaysia, Vol. 33, Supp. 2, 2015, 153–174 PENANG MUSEUMS, CULTURE AND HISTORY Abu Talib Ahmad School of Humanities, Universiti Sains Malaysia, MALAYSIA Email: [email protected] The essay studies museums in Penang, their culture displays and cultural contestation in a variety of museums. Penang is selected as case study due to the fine balance in population numbers between the Malays and the Chinese which is reflected in their cultural foregrounding in the Penang State Museum. This ethnic balance is also reflected by the multiethnic composition of the state museum board. Yet behind this façade one could detect the existence of culture contests. Such contests are also found within the different ethnic groups like the Peranakan and non-Peranakan Chinese or the Malays and the Indian-Muslims. This essay also examines visitor numbers and the attractiveness of the Penang Story. The essay is based on the scrutiny of museum exhibits, museum annual reports and conversations with former and present members of the State Museum Board. Keywords: Penang museums, State Museum Board, Penang Story, museum visitors, culture and history competition INTRODUCTION The phrase culture wars might have started in mid-19th century Germany but it came into wider usage since the 1960s in reference to the ideological polarisations among Americans into the liberal and conservative camps (Hunter, 1991; Luke, 2002). Although not as severe, such wars in Malaysia are manifested by the intense culture competition within and among museums due to the pervasive influence of ethnicity in various facets of the national life. As a result, museum foregrounding of culture and history have become contested (Matheson- Hooker, 2003: 1–11; Teo, 2010: 73–113; Abu Talib, 2008: 45–70; 2012; 2015).
    [Show full text]
  • 16 Ogos 2018
    Bil. 20 Khamis 16 Ogos 2018 MALAYSIA PENYATA RASMI PARLIMEN DEWAN RAKYAT PARLIMEN KEEMPAT BELAS ___________________________________________________________________________________________________PENGGAL PERTAMA _____ Diterbitkan oleh: SEKSYEN PENYATA RASMI MESYUARAT PERTAMA PARLIMEN MALAYSIA 2018 K A N D U N G A N JAWAPAN-JAWAPAN MENTERI BAGI PERTANYAAN-PERTANYAAN (Halaman 1) JAWAPAN-JAWAPAN LISAN BAGI PERTANYAAN-PERTANYAAN (Halaman 7) USUL-USUL: Waktu Mesyuarat dan Urusan Dibebaskan Daripada Peraturan Mesyuarat (Halaman 26) RANG UNDANG-UNDANG: Rang Undang-undang Antiberita Tidak Benar (Pemansuhan) 2018 (Halaman 26) Rang Undang-undang Suruhanjaya Pengangkutan Awam Darat (Pembubaran) 2018 (Halaman 86) Rang Undang-undang Pengangkutan Awam Darat (Pindaan) 2018 (Halaman 99) USUL MENTERI DI BAWAH P.M. 27(3): - Menyiasat Semula Penyelewengan dan Skandal 1MDB (Halaman 104) USUL MENTERI DI BAWAH P.M. 86(5): - Penyata Jawatankuasa Dewan (Halaman 121) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Diterbitkan oleh: SEKSYEN PENYATA RASMI PARLIMEN MALAYSIA 2018 DR.16.8.2018 i AHLI-AHLI DEWAN RAKYAT 1. Yang Berhormat Tuan Yang di-Pertua, Dato’ Mohamad Ariff bin Md Yusof 2. “ Timbalan Yang di-Pertua, Dato’ Mohd Rashid Hasnon [Batu Pahat] – PKR 3. “ Timbalan Yang di-Pertua, Tuan Nga Kor Ming [Teluk Intan] – DAP MENTERI 1. Yang Amat Berhormat Perdana Menteri Tun Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad [Langkawi] – PPBM 2. “ Timbalan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Pembangunan Wanita, Keluarga dan Masyarakat, Dato’ Seri Dr. Wan Azizah Wan Ismail, D.P.P.N. [Pandan] – PKR 3. Yang Berhormat Menteri Dalam Negeri, Tan Sri Dato’ Haji Muhyiddin bin Mohd Yassin, P.S.M., S.P.M.P., S.P.M.J., S.M.J., P.I.S., B.S.I., S.H.M.S., S.P.S.A., S.P.M.P., S.U.N.S., S.P.D.K., D.P., P.N.B.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Than a Free Bus Ride”—Exploring Young Adults’ Perceptions of Free Bus Services Using a Qualitative Approach: a Case Study of Penang, Malaysia
    sustainability Article “More Than a Free Bus Ride”—Exploring Young Adults’ Perceptions of Free Bus Services Using a Qualitative Approach: A Case Study of Penang, Malaysia Nur Sabahiah Abdul Sukor 1,* , Surachai Airak 1 and Sitti Asmah Hassan 2 1 School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Penang, Malaysia; [email protected] 2 School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Encouraging the younger generation to use public transport can revolutionise the way that citizens commute in the future; hence, municipalities must provide good public transport services to encourage their use. A free bus service was introduced in Penang, Malaysia, to support the sustainable agenda and to provide transport for low-income groups. However, the lack of ridership resulted in the service being far from achieving its target. This study assessed young adults’ perceptions of the current free bus service in Penang to design a strategy to attract them to use the free bus. In this study, six focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with young adults aged between 18 and 25 years old studying in three different higher institutions located along the route of the free bus. The data collected were analysed using thematic analysis, in which four areas were identified—free service, reliability, information provision, and attractive service. Finally, this paper Citation: Sukor, N.S.A.; Airak, S.; provides valuable input on initiatives to further encourage young adults to use the free bus service Hassan, S.A. “More Than a Free Bus in Penang.
    [Show full text]
  • The Charms of Penang Await Participants of the World Tourism Conference 2016
    PRESS RELEASE FOR IMMEDIATE RELEAS E THE CHARMS OF PENANG AWAIT PARTICIPANTS OF THE WORLD TOURISM CONFERENCE 2016 PUTRAJAYA, 12 OCTOBER 2016 – Penang, ranked 4th in Lonely Planet's Top 10 Cities list for Best in Travel 2016, will be the fourth state in Malaysia to host the World Tourism Conference 2016 (WTC 2016) from 17 to 19 October 2016 after Melaka (2013), Kota Kinabalu (2010) and Kuala Lumpur (2007). Listed as the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Site since 2008, George Town in Penang was aptly chosen as the venue for WTC 2016. This capital city of Penang pulsates with life and receives many visitors from all over the world who wish to experience its unique architectural and cultural townscape, which is without parallel anywhere in East and Southeast Asia. It also offers everything for a successful meeting, incentive, conference and exhibition. There is no shortage of quality hotels and holiday resorts in Penang either, allowing participants the convenience of staying in the same location as the conference. Penang as a whole is a compact island, just under 300 kilometers square, which makes the island such an attractive destination as it is easy to get from one place to another. Year-round sunshine makes Penang a favourite location to combine social events or outdoor activities with a conference or business meeting. This diverse island offers something for everyone, be it cultural heritage, natural environment or man-made entertainments. Among the latest attractions in Penang include: The Skyway on Penang Hill, a newly-built observation deck that enhances the hilltop forest experience; Entopia (formerly known as the Penang Butterfly Farm), which will become the world’s first butterfly, dragonfly and firefly sanctuary park when it is fully completed in 2018.
    [Show full text]
  • Sustainable Urban Mobility in South-Eastern Asia and the Pacific
    Sustainable Urban Mobility in South-Eastern Asia and the Pacific Hoong-Chor Chin Regional study prepared for Global Report on Human Settlements 2013 Available from http://www.unhabitat.org/grhs/2013 Hoong-Chor Chin is an Associate Professor and Director of Safety Studies Initiative at the Dept of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore. A Professional Engineer, he has undertaken numerous consultancy and research work on Transportation Planning, Traffic Modelling and Road Safety Studies for local authorities and developers as well as organizations such as Asian Development Bank and Cities Development Initiative for Asia. Comments can be sent to: [email protected]. Disclaimer: This case study is published as submitted by the consultant, and it has not been edited by the United Nations. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries, or regarding its economic system or degree of development. The analysis, conclusions and recommendations of the report do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations Human Settlements Programme, the Governing Council of the United Nations Human Settlements Programme or its Member States. Nairobi, 2011 Contents 1. The Crisis of Sustainability in Urban Mobility: The Case of South-Eastern
    [Show full text]
  • Buku Rmke-11.Pdf
    RANCANGAN MALAYSIA KESEBELAS 2016-2020 PERTUMBUHAN BERPAKSIKAN RAKYAT ISBN 978-9675842078 Untuk maklumat selanjutnya sila hubungi: Ketua Pengarah, Unit Perancang Ekonomi, Jabatan Perdana Menteri, Blok B5 & B6, Pusat Pentadbiran Kerajaan Persekutuan, 62502 Putrajaya. MALAYSIA. http://www.epu.gov.my emel: [email protected] Tel.: 603-8000 8000 Faks: 603-8888 3755 Dikeluarkan 21 Mei 2015 Cetakan semula pada 29 Mei 2015 Hakcipta Pencetak H Semua Hak Terpelihara. Tiada mana-mana bahagian jua daripada pernerbitan ini boleh diterbitkan semula atau desimpan di dalam bentuk yang boleh deperolehi semula atau disiarkan dalam sebarang bentuk dengan apa jua cara elektronik, mekanikal, fotokopi, rakaman dan/atau sebaliknya tanpa mendapat izin daripada Unit Perancang Ekonomi, Jabatan Perdana Menteri, Malaysia. Dicetak oleh Percetakan Nasional Malaysia Berhad, Kuala Lumpur, 2015 www.printnasional.com.my emel: [email protected] Tel: 03-92366895 Faks: 03-92224773 RANCANGAN MALAYSIA KESEBELAS 2016-2020 PERTUMBUHAN BERPAKSIKAN RAKYAT Prakata Dato’ Sri Mohd Najib bin Tun Haji Abdul Razak Perdana Menteri, Malaysia i Rancangan Malaysia Kesebelas, 2016-2020 (RMKe-11) adalah rancangan pembangunan yang penting dalam sejarah Malaysia. Memandangkan negara hanya mempunyai lima tahun sebelum mencapai tahun 2020, RMKe-11 adalah langkah kritikal dalam perjalanan kita menjadi negara maju yang inklusif dan mampan. Dalam tempoh lima tahun yang lalu, ekonomi Malaysia telah mencapai prestasi yang sangat cemerlang. Walaupun negara menghadapi pelbagai cabaran akibat kelembapan ekonomi global, Malaysia berada dalam kalangan negara yang mencatat kadar pertumbuhan KDNK tertinggi di rantau ini. Kualiti hidup rakyat juga telah bertambah baik berikutan peningkatan pendapatan per kapita dan pendapatan purata isi rumah. Penambahbaikan ini adalah hasil daripada pelbagai inisiatif pemantapan ekonomi dan tadbir urus yang telah dilaksanakan oleh Kerajaan bagi meningkatan kualiti hidup rakyat.
    [Show full text]
  • George Town Or Georgetown , Is the Capital of the State of Penang In
    George Town[1] or Georgetown[2], is the capital of the state of Penang in Malaysia. Named after Britain's King George III, George Town is located on the north-east corner of Penang Island and has about 220,000 inhabitants, or about 400,000 including the suburbs. Formerly a municipality and then a city in its own right, since 1976 George Town has been part of the municipality of Penang Island, though the area formerly governed by the city council is still commonly referred to as a city, and is also known as Tanjung ("The Cape") in Malay and 喬治市 (Qiáozhì Shì) in Chinese. [edit]History George Town was founded in 1786 by Captain Francis Light, a trader for the British East India Company, as base for the company in the Malay States. He obtained the island of Penang from the Sultan of Kedah and built Fort Cornwallis on the north-eastern corner of the island. The fort became the nexus of a growing trading post and the island's population reached 12,000 by 1804. The town was built on swampy land that had to be cleared of vegetation, levelled and filled. The original commercial town was laid out between Light Street, Beach Street (then running close to the seashore), Malabar Street (subsequently called Chulia Street) and Pitt Street (now called Masjid Kapitan Keling Street). The warehouses and godowns extended from Beach Street to the sea. By the 1880s, there were ghauts leading from Beach Street to the wharf and jetties as Beach Street receded inland due to land reclamation.
    [Show full text]