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Territoriality, Sovereignty, and Violence in German South-West Africa
Bard College Bard Digital Commons Senior Projects Spring 2018 Bard Undergraduate Senior Projects Spring 2018 Colonial Control and Power through the Law: Territoriality, Sovereignty, and Violence in German South-West Africa Caleb Joseph Cumberland Bard College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.bard.edu/senproj_s2018 Part of the African History Commons, Indigenous Studies Commons, and the Legal History Commons This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License. Recommended Citation Cumberland, Caleb Joseph, "Colonial Control and Power through the Law: Territoriality, Sovereignty, and Violence in German South-West Africa" (2018). Senior Projects Spring 2018. 249. https://digitalcommons.bard.edu/senproj_s2018/249 This Open Access work is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been provided to you by Bard College's Stevenson Library with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this work in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights- holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/or on the work itself. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Colonial Control and Power through the Law: Territoriality, Sovereignty, and Violence in German South-West Africa Senior Project Submitted to The Division of Social Studies of Bard College by Caleb Joseph Cumberland Annandale-on-Hudson, New York May 2018 Acknowledgments I would like to extend my gratitude to my senior project advisor, Professor Drew Thompson, as without his guidance I would not have been able to complete such a project. -
Qingdao As a Colony: from Apartheid to Civilizational Exchange
Qingdao as a colony: From Apartheid to Civilizational Exchange George Steinmetz Paper prepared for the Johns Hopkins Workshops in Comparative History of Science and Technology, ”Science, Technology and Modernity: Colonial Cities in Asia, 1890-1940,” Baltimore, January 16-17, 2009 Steinmetz, Qingdao/Jiaozhou as a colony Now, dear Justinian. Tell us once, where you will begin. In a place where there are already Christians? or where there are none? Where there are Christians you come too late. The English, Dutch, Portuguese, and Spanish control a good part of the farthest seacoast. Where then? . In China only recently the Tartars mercilessly murdered the Christians and their preachers. Will you go there? Where then, you honest Germans? . Dear Justinian, stop dreaming, lest Satan deceive you in a dream! Admonition to Justinian von Weltz, Protestant missionary in Latin America, from Johann H. Ursinius, Lutheran Superintendent at Regensburg (1664)1 When China was ruled by the Han and Jin dynasties, the Germans were still living as savages in the jungles. In the Chinese Six Dynasties period they only managed to create barbarian tribal states. During the medieval Dark Ages, as war raged for a thousand years, the [German] people could not even read and write. Our China, however, that can look back on a unique five-thousand-year-old culture, is now supposed to take advice [from Germany], contrite and with its head bowed. What a shame! 2 KANG YOUWEI, “Research on Germany’s Political Development” (1906) Germans in Colonial Kiaochow,3 1897–1904 During the 1860s the Germans began discussing the possibility of obtaining a coastal entry point from which they could expand inland into China. -
Jantzen on Wempe. Revenants of the German Empire: Colonial Germans, Imperialism, and the League of Nations
H-German Jantzen on Wempe. Revenants of the German Empire: Colonial Germans, Imperialism, and the League of Nations. Discussion published by Jennifer Wunn on Wednesday, May 26, 2021 Review published on Friday, May 21, 2021 Author: Sean Andrew Wempe Reviewer: Mark Jantzen Jantzen on Wempe, 'Revenants of the German Empire: Colonial Germans, Imperialism, and the League of Nations' Sean Andrew Wempe. Revenants of the German Empire: Colonial Germans, Imperialism, and the League of Nations. New York: Oxford University Press, 2019. 304 pp. $78.00 (cloth), ISBN 978-0-19-090721-1. Reviewed by Mark Jantzen (Bethel College)Published on H-Nationalism (May, 2021) Commissioned by Evan C. Rothera (University of Arkansas - Fort Smith) Printable Version: https://www.h-net.org/reviews/showpdf.php?id=56206 Demise or Transmutation for a Unique National Identity? Sean Andrew Wempe’s investigation of the afterlife in the 1920s of the Germans who lived in Germany’s colonies challenges a narrative that sees them primarily as forerunners to Nazi brutality and imperial ambitions. Instead, he follows them down divergent paths that run the gamut from rejecting German citizenship en masse in favor of South African papers in the former German Southwest Africa to embracing the new postwar era’s ostensibly more liberal and humane version of imperialism supervised by the League of Nations to, of course, trying to make their way in or even support Nazi Germany. The resulting well-written, nuanced examination of a unique German national identity, that of colonial Germans, integrates the German colonial experience into Weimar and Nazi history in new and substantive ways. -
Guides to German Records Microfilmed at Alexandria, Va
GUIDES TO GERMAN RECORDS MICROFILMED AT ALEXANDRIA, VA. No. 32. Records of the Reich Leader of the SS and Chief of the German Police (Part I) The National Archives National Archives and Records Service General Services Administration Washington: 1961 This finding aid has been prepared by the National Archives as part of its program of facilitating the use of records in its custody. The microfilm described in this guide may be consulted at the National Archives, where it is identified as RG 242, Microfilm Publication T175. To order microfilm, write to the Publications Sales Branch (NEPS), National Archives and Records Service (GSA), Washington, DC 20408. Some of the papers reproduced on the microfilm referred to in this and other guides of the same series may have been of private origin. The fact of their seizure is not believed to divest their original owners of any literary property rights in them. Anyone, therefore, who publishes them in whole or in part without permission of their authors may be held liable for infringement of such literary property rights. Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 58-9982 AMERICA! HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION COMMITTEE fOR THE STUDY OP WAR DOCUMENTS GUIDES TO GERMAN RECOBDS MICROFILMED AT ALEXAM)RIA, VA. No* 32» Records of the Reich Leader of the SS aad Chief of the German Police (HeiehsMhrer SS und Chef der Deutschen Polizei) 1) THE AMERICAN HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION (AHA) COMMITTEE FOR THE STUDY OF WAE DOCUMENTS GUIDES TO GERMAN RECORDS MICROFILMED AT ALEXANDRIA, VA* This is part of a series of Guides prepared -
Introduction
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-40047-4 - German Colonialism: A Short History Sebastian Conrad Excerpt More information chapter 1 Introduction The German colonial empire lasted a mere thirty years, and is thus one of the most short-lived of all modern ‘colonialisms’. Consequently, it has not occupied centre-stage in most accounts and overviews of German history. The colonial experience was deemed marginal and insignificant, compared both to the long his- tories of the British and French empires, and also to the towering impact, on German history and beyond, of subsequent events: the First World War, the Weimar Republic and the rise of National Socialism, the Third Reich and the Holocaust. In recent years, how- ever, interest in Germany’s colonial past has made a remarkable comeback, both in academia and in the wider public sphere, and this mainly for three reasons. Firstly, Germany’s colonial project may have lasted only three decades, but it was a significant and integral part of the period of high imperialism before the First World War. For anyone interested in a comparative and global perspective on modern empires, the German example is in many ways an instructive and illuminating case. Germany was a colonial late-comer. Only after unification in 1871, which replaced the thirty-eight sovereign German states with a unified nation-state under the leadership of Prussia and Chancellor Bismarck, did the acquisition of colonies emerge as a realistic political project. Powerful pressure groups as well as reckless colonial pioneers in Africa forced Bismarck, to some extent against his will, into government support for the occupation of the first colonial territories in 1884. -
Überblick Über Den Stand Der Geschichtswissenschaftlichen Forschung Zu Paul Von Lettow-Vorbeck (1870-1964)
Wissenschaftliche Dienste Ausarbeitung Überblick über den Stand der geschichtswissenschaftlichen Forschung zu Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck (1870-1964) © 2016 Deutscher Bundestag WD 1 - 3000 - 061/14 Wissenschaftliche Dienste Ausarbeitung Seite 2 WD 1 - 3000 - 061/14 Überblick über den Stand der geschichtswissenschaftlichen Forschung zu Paul von Lettow-Vor- beck (1870-1964) Verfasser/in: Aktenzeichen: WD 1 - 3000 - 061/14 Abschluss der Arbeit: 5. September 2014 Fachbereich: WD 1: Geschichte, Zeitgeschichte und Politik Telefon: Ausarbeitungen und andere Informationsangebote der Wissenschaftlichen Dienste geben nicht die Auffassung des Deutschen Bundestages, eines seiner Organe oder der Bundestagsverwaltung wieder. Vielmehr liegen sie in der fachlichen Verantwortung der Verfasserinnen und Verfasser sowie der Fachbereichsleitung. Der Deutsche Bundestag behält sich die Rechte der Veröffentlichung und Verbreitung vor. Beides bedarf der Zustimmung der Leitung der Abteilung W, Platz der Republik 1, 11011 Berlin. Wissenschaftliche Dienste Ausarbeitung Seite 3 WD 1 - 3000 - 061/14 Inhaltsverzeichnis 1. Kurzbiographie 4 2. Zum Stand der geschichtswissenschaftlichen Forschung 9 2.1. Erster Weltkrieg 9 2.2. Weimarer Republik 12 2.2.1. „Sülze-Unruhen“ 13 2.2.2. Kapp-Putsch 15 2.2.3. Lettow-Vorbeck als Mitglied der DNVP und der Konservativen Volkspartei 17 2.3. Nationalsozialismus 17 2.4. Ehrung in der Bundesrepublik 20 3. Literatur 22 Wissenschaftliche Dienste Ausarbeitung Seite 4 WD 1 - 3000 - 061/14 1. Kurzbiographie Am 20. März 1870 wurde Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck -
Gender and Colonial Politics After the Versailles Treaty
Wildenthal, L. (2010). Gender and Colonial Politics after the Versailles Treaty. In Kathleen Canning, Kerstin Barndt, and Kristin McGuire (Eds.), Weimar Publics/ Weimar Subjects. Rethinking the Political Culture of Germany in the 1920s (pp. 339-359). New York: Berghahn. Gender and Colonial Politics after the Versailles Treaty Lora Wildenthal In November 1918, the revolutionary government of republican Germany proclaimed the political enfranchisement of women. In June 1919, Article 119 of the Versailles Treaty announced the disenfranchisement of German men and women as colonizers. These were tremendous changes for German women and for the colonialist movement. Yet colonialist women's activism changed surprisingly little, and the Weimar Republic proved to be a time of vitality for the colonialist movement. The specific manner in which German decolonization took place profoundly shaped interwar colonialist activism. It took place at the hands of other colonial powers and at the end of the first "total" war. The fact that other imperial metropoles forced Germany to relinquish its colonies, and not colonial subjects (many of whom had tried and failed to drive Germans from their lands in previous years), meant that German colonialists focused their criticisms on those powers. When German colonialists demanded that the Versailles Treaty be revised so that they could once again rule over Africans and others, they were expressing not only a racist claim to rule over supposed inferiors but also a reproach to the Entente powers for betraying fellow white colonizers. The specific German experience of decolonization affected how Germans viewed their former colonial subjects. In other cases of decolonization, bitter wars of national liberation dismantled fantasies of affection between colonizer and colonized. -
Der Falsche Held. Paul Von Lettow-Vorbeck Und Der Deutsche
Der falsche Held. Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck und der deutsche Kolonialismus von Dr. Rolf Helfert Herausgeber: Steglitz Museum Berlin 2016 1 Inhalt 1. Zur Thematik und Fragestellung ..................................................................................... 4 2. Die Frühzeit des Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck ..................................................................... 7 2.1 Familie und Kindheit ..................................................................................................... 7 2.2 Im Kadettenkorps .......................................................................................................... 8 2.3 Die militärische Laufbahn .............................................................................................. 9 3. Zur Eigenart des Kolonialimperialismus ........................................................................ 10 4. Entstehung und Frühgeschichte der deutschen Kolonien .............................................. 13 4.1 Das brandenburgische „Kolonialreich“ ........................................................................ 13 4. 2 Das „zweite“ deutsche Kolonialreich ......................................................................... 14 4. 2. 1 Die Gründung der deutschen Kolonien ................................................................... 14 4. 2. 2 Bismarcks kolonialpolitische Motive ...................................................................... 16 4. 2. 3 Vorstellungen und Ziele der Kolonialimperialisten ............................................... -
Empire in the Heimat: Colonialism and Public Culture in the Third Reich'
H-Diplo Zollmann on Sandler, 'Empire in the Heimat: Colonialism and Public Culture in the Third Reich' Review published on Saturday, August 17, 2019 Willeke Sandler. Empire in the Heimat: Colonialism and Public Culture in the Third Reich. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018. 360 pp. $74.00 (cloth), ISBN 978-0-19-069790-7. Reviewed by Jakob Zollmann (WZB Berlin Social Science Center) Published on H-Diplo (August, 2019) Commissioned by Seth Offenbach (Bronx Community College, The City University of New York) Printable Version: http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showpdf.php?id=53492 Lobbying Germans for Colonialism, Again Those in Germany who tried to make a case for colonies stood in a long tradition, since at least the 1860s. Also since the nineteenth century, it was an often deplored “fact” among German enthusiasts of colonialism that too few of their compatriots were thoroughly interested in the colonies. Once imperial Germany did “acquire” colonies, these enthusiasts abhorred the idea that—in their eyes—criticism of colonialism was widespread. Recent research on subaltern colonialisms in Germany has added a further layer of complexity that shows the ambivalent relations and tensions between colonialist leaders and lower-class Germans with regard to the colonies and “colonial (public) culture” in Germany.[1] And even at the highest echelons of society enthusiasm for colonialism was limited: official Germany, whether imperial or republican, refrained from “recognizing colonial engagements.” For instance, there were no state funerals for “colonial pioneers” (p. 2). German society honored only a few of them, such as Hermann Wissmann, with a monument before 1914. -
Africa and the First World War
Africa and the First World War Africa and the First World War: Remembrance, Memories and Representations after 100 Years Edited by De-Valera NYM Botchway and Kwame Osei Kwarteng Africa and the First World War: Remembrance, Memories and Representations after 100 Years Edited by De-Valera NYM Botchway and Kwame Osei Kwarteng This book first published 2018 Cambridge Scholars Publishing Lady Stephenson Library, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2PA, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2018 by De-Valera NYM Botchway, Kwame Osei Kwarteng and contributors All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-5275-0546-4 ISBN (13): 978-1-5275-0546-9 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements .................................................................................. viii Introduction ................................................................................................. x De-Valera N.Y.M. Botchway Section I: Recruitments, Battlefronts and African Responses Chapter One ................................................................................................. 2 The Role of the Gold Coast Regiment towards the Defeat of the Germans in Africa during World War I Colonel J. Hagan Chapter Two ............................................................................................. -
Mapping Germany's Colonial Discourse: Fantasy, Reality
ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: MAPPING GERMANY’S COLONIAL DISCOURSE: FANTASY, REALITY, AND DILEMMA Uche Onyedi Okafor, Doctor of Philosophy, 2013. Dissertation directed by: Professor Elke P. Frederiksen Department of Germanic Studies School of Languages, Literatures, and Cultures This project engages Germany’s colonial discourse from the 18th century to the acquisition of colonies in East Africa during the period of European imperialism. Germany’s colonial discourse started with periphery travels and studies in the 18th century. The writings of German scholars and authors about periphery space and peoples provoked a strong desire to experience the exotic periphery among Germans, particularly the literate bourgeoisie. From a spectatorial and critical positioning vis-à-vis the colonial activities of other Europeans, Germans developed a projected affinity with the oppressed peoples of the periphery. Out of the identificatory positioning with the periphery peoples emerged the fantasy of “model/humane” colonialism (Susanne Zantop). However, studies in Germany’s colonial enterprise reveal a predominance of brutality and inhumanity right from its inception in 1884. The conflictual relationship between the fantasy of “model/humane” colonialism and the reality of brutality and inhumanity, as studies reveal, causes one to wonder what happened along the way. This is the fundamental question this project deals with. Chapter one establishes the validity of the theoretical and methodological approaches used in this project – Cultural Studies, New Historicism and Postcolonialism. Chapter two is a review of secondary literatures on Germany’s colonial enterprise in general, and in Africa in particular. Chapter three focuses on the emergence of the fantasy of “model/humane” colonialism as discussed in Johann Reinhold Forster’s Observations made during a Voyage round the World, 1778, and its demonstration in Joachim Heinrich Campe’s Robinson der Jüngere, 1789. -
Lobbying Germans for Colonialism, Again
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Zollmann, Jakob Book Review — Published Version [Book Review] Sandler, Willeke. Empire in the Heimat: Colonialism and Public Culture in the Third Reich. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018 H-Diplo, H-Net Reviews Provided in Cooperation with: WZB Berlin Social Science Center Suggested Citation: Zollmann, Jakob (2019) : [Book Review] Sandler, Willeke. Empire in the Heimat: Colonialism and Public Culture in the Third Reich. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018, H-Diplo, H-Net Reviews, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, pp. 1-4, https://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=53492 This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/213824 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence.