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Community Perceptions of Newark research A Project of the Fund for the City of New York Community Perceptions of Newark Neighborhood Quality of Life, Safety, and the Justice System By Josephine Wonsun Hahn February 2014 Acknowledgements This research was made possible by the City of Newark, the New Jersey State Bar Foundation, and the Nicholson Foundation. We greatly appreciate our community surveyors for sharing their enthusiasm, deep expertise, and dedication to their communities throughout the study. Our surveyors acted as the bridge between our nonprofit and the communities of Newark, which is fundamental to this work. Thank you to Charles Barber, Sharan Bell, Rachel Byrd, Annely de Araujo, Cassandra Dock, Altorice Frazier, Jasmina Hawkins, Johnnie Lattner, Malika Leary, Jacqueline Limehouse, Tamar Montuma, Bethea Moore, Shaunta Mosley, Andrea Silva, Lamis Shakir-Ullah, Darius Smith, and Tarrick Tucker. Additional thanks to Annely de Araujo and Andrea Silva for their help with translating surveys. Thank you to our project partners at the Center for Collaborative Change, Laurel Dumont and Krystyna Soljan, for their significant work, expertise, and collaboration. The Center for Collaborative Change was a Newark-based nonprofit whose mission was to engage community members and assist civic leadership in developing policies and programs that accelerate Newark’s revitalization through an inclusive process. The Center for Collaborative Change operated from July 2009 to June 2013 and ceased operations before launch of the community surveys. We thank research assistant Ana Billingsley and intern Annie Prasad for their hard work in data entry and their contributions to initial rounds of qualitative analysis. Additional thanks to Ana for surveying with us and conducting background research for this report. We also want to thank interns Annely de Araujo, Darius Thurman, and Jeremy Cantor for their help with data entry. We appreciate Al-Tariq Onque, Alfred Dill, and Ramid Brown at Stop Shootin’ Music for their contributions and community expertise throughout the planning process. Thank you to The Honorable Julien X. Neals, Newark’s Business Administrator, and the New Jersey Administrative Office of the Courts. We greatly appreciate Judge Richard E.A. Nunes, C.J.M.C., Judge Victoria Pratt, J.M.C., Municipal Court Director Eunice Samuels-Lewis, Chief Municipal Court Administrator James Simpson, the Chief Judge's Assistant Audrey Grant, and the Chief Judge's Secretary Maria Hernandez at the Newark Municipal Court for their ongoing support and collaboration in this study. Thank you to the Newark Police Department for meeting with us during survey launch and providing their feedback and support. We thank Jethro Antoine for his leadership and collaboration throughout this study. Thank you to all of Newark Community Solutions and Newark Youth Court staff, especially Sienna Hunter- Cuyjet, Kelly Mulligan-Brown, Awinna Martinez, Raul Hernandez, Tonya Tucker, Johnathan Mosley, Jasmine Harden, Janet Idrogo, Marie Hargrove, Cathia Abrantes, and intern Jordan Otis, for their ongoing support and contributions to planning, survey days and analysis. We extend an additional thank you to Awinna Martinez and Raul Hernandez for surveying and translating. i Thank you to Greg Berman, Adam Mansky, Michael Rempel, Lenore Cerniglia, Suvi Hynynen Lambson, James Brodick, Rachel Swaner, Tia Pooler, Elise Jensen, Mari Slater, Wendell Jack, Ben Smith, Dwayne Lashley, Viviana Gordon, Chante Ramsey, Matt Savago, and Michele Maestri at the Center for Court Innovation for their instrumental support and key contributions throughout this study. Finally, we would like to dedicate this report to Alfred Siegel, our invaluable and beloved colleague who held a special affinity for the city of Newark and the state of New Jersey, and who passed away unexpectedly as this report neared completion. Alfred provided inspiration for the work done at Newark Community Solutions and offered his vast knowledge, generosity, and critical assistance to this study. At his heart, Alfred Siegel was committed to improving the justice system, uplifting communities, and offering citizens, especially young people, the opportunity to flourish and share their voice. For correspondence, please contact Josy Hahn: Center for Court Innovation, 520 8th Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10018 ([email protected]). ii Table of Contents Acknowledgements .......................................................................................................................... i Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................... iv 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 1 Background on Newark ............................................................................................................... 1 2. Methods....................................................................................................................................... 2 Analysis ....................................................................................................................................... 5 3. Results ......................................................................................................................................... 6 About Survey Respondents ......................................................................................................... 6 Views on the Criminal Justice System ........................................................................................ 8 Community Issues ..................................................................................................................... 15 Quality of Life, Safety, and Disputes in Newark Neighborhoods ............................................ 19 Strengths and Recommendations for Newark Neighborhoods ................................................. 21 4. Discussion ................................................................................................................................. 25 Surveyor Feedback .................................................................................................................... 25 Limitations ................................................................................................................................ 25 Strengths .................................................................................................................................... 26 References ..................................................................................................................................... 27 Appendix A: Newark Community Survey Instrument ................................................................. 28 Appendix B: Newark Zip Code Maps .......................................................................................... 34 Appendix C: Problems Among Newark Youth by Age Group .................................................... 36 iii Executive Summary In June 2013, researchers from the Center for Court Innovation implemented a community survey throughout the greater Newark area, in partnership with the Center for Collaborative Change, a Newark-based nonprofit. The survey was part of a larger initiative launched by the Center for Court Innovation. Located in New York, the Center for Court Innovation operates Newark Community Solutions, a community justice initiative in the Newark Municipal Court. Newark Community Solutions seeks to promote the use of alternative sentencing, such as community service and social services, to reduce the court’s reliance on fines and short-term jail sentences, and to build public confidence in justice. The goal of the community survey was to learn perceptions of the justice system, public safety, and community life in Newark. Seventeen Newark community members were trained alongside Center for Court Innovation researchers and staff to implement the survey, including planning survey locations and helping researchers interpret responses. Surveys were conducted in public areas, local businesses, colleges, and public housing complexes. The survey results highlight views of 577 Newark community respondents on a range of key issues. The majority of respondents were Newark residents (77 percent) and were black or Latino (84 percent). Approximately half of respondents were female, and the average age of respondents was 37 years old. Top Problems: The top issues in Newark ranged from unemployment to public safety to housing to health-related issues. Specific issues commonly cited as a “big problem” were unemployment, drug selling, guns, gang activity, homelessness, drug use, physical health issues like obesity and asthma, abandoned homes and foreclosures, muggings, thefts and robberies, and mental health issues like depression and trauma. Youth Issues: The top issues among youth (17 years and younger) were similar to those identified above. Respondents also identified youth-specific issues as big problems, including the lack of adult role models, teenage pregnancy, bullying, and “nothing to do after school.” Courts: About half of respondents were “neutral” with regard to the effectiveness of the courts, including the Newark Municipal Court (48 percent), the Superior Court of Essex County – Criminal Division (52 percent), and the Superior Court of Essex County – Family Division (56 percent). Alternative sentencing: Though 70 percent of respondents
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