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Rapport Au Premier Ministre 2010 ▼ Introduction 3 Qui ne se souvient de la tragédie de l’Ordre du Temple Solaire en décembre 1995, de ces seize corps carbonisés, dont ceux de trois enfants, découverts disposés en forme de cercle dans une forêt du massif du Vercors ? De 1994 à 1997, 74 personnes Mission interministérielle de vigilance et de lutte contre les dérives sectaires périront en Suisse, au Canada et en France, emportées par une folie autodestructrice, convaincues d’une apocalypse imminente. Quinze ans après ce terrible événement, force est de constater que les mouvements apocalyptiques enregistrent un regain d’activité sans précédent. Le « millésime 2012 » d’une fin du monde annoncée se présente particulièrement « prometteur » pour tous les prophètes de mauvais augure. Face au risque d’instrumentalisation à des fins d’emprise sur les per- sonnes les plus vulnérables, la Miviludes a choisi de consacrer cette année son dossier central à la résurgence des discours apocalyptiques, afin de favoriser une prise de conscience collective et de prémunir nos concitoyens contre les conséquences toujours probables de tels discours anxiogènes. Les dérives sectaires dans le champ de la santé fourniront le thème de deux autres études conduites par la mission interministérielle au cours de cette année : Rapport au Premier ministre d’abord la nécessaire mise en garde contre les sollicitations à caractère sectaire auxquelles peuvent être exposés les malades atteints de cancer ; ensuite, les dif- ficultés présentées par l’enseignement et par la formation à des pratiques non conventionnelles à visée thérapeutique. Enfin, une présentation de l’organisation des mouvements sectaires en réseau complètera la contribution du secrétariat permanent de la mission. Le bilan 2010 de l’activité des ministères en matière de lutte contre les dérives sectaires, ainsi que les objectifs de travail pour 2011, constitueront la troisième partie du rapport, précédant le compte-rendu d’activité proprement dit de la mission interministérielle. 2010 MIVILUDES 13, rue Vaneau 75007 Paris www.miviludes.gouv.fr RAPPORT 2010 RAPPORT Premier ministre Prix : 15€ Mission interministérielle de vigilance et de lutte ISBN : 978-2-11-008495-8 contre les dérives sectaires DF : 5HC25330 Imprimé en France Diffusion Direction de l’information légale et administrative La documentation Française -:HSMBLA=U]Y^Z]: Tél. : 01 40 15 70 10 www.ladocumentationfrancaise.fr dF (Miviludes) Rapport 2010 IV.indd 1 30/05/2011 11:50:35 (Miviludes) Rapport 2010 IV.indd 2 30/05/2011 11:50:35 Sommaire Le mot du Président ............................................................................... 5 Introduction ............................................................................................ 7 Sondage Ipsos/Sig septembre 2010....................................................... 9 1re Partie Dossier - La résurgence de discours apocalyptiques à l’approche de 2012 : du mythe de la fin du monde à la réalité d’un risque accru de dérives sectaires ......................11 Introduction .......................................................................................... 13 La fin du monde en 2012 : des interprétations volontairement anxiogènes............................................................................................. 17 La fin du monde en 2012 : un mythe propice à la résurgence de discours apocalyptiques ................................................................... 25 La fin du monde en 2012 : un mythe potentiellement créateur de dangers bien réels ............................................................................ 35 La fin du monde en 2012 : la situation dans le monde ...................... 55 La fin du monde en 2012 : la situation en France et les pistes de réflexion pour l’action préventive des pouvoirs publics ............... 79 Annexes au dossier central ................................................................. 108 2e Partie Contributions du secrétariat permanent de la mission .................................................................................................. 127 La dérive sectaire dans le domaine de la santé : l’exemple du cancer ............................................................................................. 129 Formations et enseignements dans le domaine des médecines non-conventionnelles : un marché florissant au risque de dérives sectaires.............................................................................. 157 Le développement « en réseau » des mouvements à caractère sectaire et la constitution de « réseaux intermouvements » : l’avenir du phénomène sectaire ........................................................ 199 Rapport au Premier ministre 2010 ▼ Introduction 3 (Miviludes) Rapport 2010 IV.indd 3 30/05/2011 11:50:35 3e Partie Contribution des ministères ..........................................................209 Contribution du ministère d’État, ministère des Affaires étrangères et européennes (MAEE) .................................................. 211 Contribution du ministère de l’Éducation nationale, de la Jeunesse et de la Vie associative ................................................ 215 Contribution du secrétariat d’État chargé de la Jeunesse et de la Vie associative ........................................................................ 217 Contribution du ministère de l’Intérieur, de l’Outre-mer, des Collectivités territoriales et de l’Immigration ............................ 219 Contribution du ministère de la Justice et des Libertés ................... 231 Contribution du ministère des Solidarités et de la Cohésion sociale .................................................................................................. 235 Contribution du ministère du Travail, de l’Emploi et de la Santé .. 237 4e Partie Rapport d’activité de la mission .................................................245 La Miviludes hors les murs ................................................................. 247 La Miviludes dans les médias ............................................................. 259 Organisation et modernisation .......................................................... 261 Objectifs pour 2011 ............................................................................ 271 Conclusion .................................................................................................273 Annexes ........................................................................................................275 4 MIVILUDES ▼ (Miviludes) Rapport 2010 IV.indd 4 30/05/2011 11:50:36 Le mot du Président Qui ne se souvient de la tragédie de l’Ordre du Temple Solaire en décembre 1995, de ces 16 corps carbonisés, dont ceux de 3 enfants découverts disposés en forme de cercle dans la forêt de Saint-Pierre-de-Chérennes (Isère), en plein massif du Vercors. Ce sinistre « voyage » groupal passant par la mort était censé libérer l’âme des adeptes, pour atteindre un lieu de pureté et de savoir absolu représenté par l’étoile Sirius, lieu où résideraient des « êtres de lumières ». Au total, de 1994 à 1997, 74 personnes ont péri en Suisse, au Canada et en France, emportées par une folie autodestructrice, convaincues d’une apocalypse imminente. Quinze ans après ce terrible évènement, force est de constater que les mouvements apocalyptiques enregistrent un regain d’activité sans précédent. Le millésime 2012 s’annonce en effet particulièrement « prometteur » pour tous les prophètes de mauvais augure. La date précise du 21 décembre 2012 est avancée, se fondant sur une interprétation du calendrier Hotzkin de la civilisation précolombienne des Mayas et sur la conjonction, à cette même époque, d’un certain nombre de phénomènes astrophysiques, tels que, pêle-mêle, l’alignement de notre Soleil avec le centre de la voie lactée, l’inversion des pôles magnétiques de la Terre, le changement d’axe terrestre ou encore la suractivité des tâches solaires. Face au risque d’instrumentalisation de telles prédictions, à des fins d’emprise sur les personnes les plus vulnérables, la Miviludes se devait d’anticiper sur les conséquences toujours probables de tels discours anxiogènes. Ceci aux fins de prémunir nos concitoyens, au pire d’un risque de nouvelles tragédies telle que celle du Vercors, et en tout cas de tendances à un désengagement de l’individu dans sa vie familiale, professionnelle et citoyenne, parce que convaincu désormais que tout effort serait devenu inutile. Dans cette perspective, la Miviludes a cherché dans un premier temps à mieux cerner l’ampleur et la réalité du phénomène, tant sur le plan international, avec l’aide efficace de nos agents diplomatiques, que sur le territoire national à partir des éléments recueillis auprès des services départementaux de l’information générale. Au vu des résultats de cette enquête sans précédent, les pouvoirs publics, et en premier lieu la Mission interministérielle, dont c’est la vocation, ont plus que jamais le devoir de déployer leurs efforts de prévention en direction de nos concitoyens, en s’appuyant notamment sur le réseau associatif, utile et indispensable prolongement de l’action des pouvoirs publics. Rapport au Premier ministre 2010 ▼ 5 (Miviludes) Rapport 2010 IV.indd 5 30/05/2011 11:50:36 À cet égard, un hommage particulier doit être rendu à Jacques Miquel, président du Centre contre les manipulations mentales, qui nous a récemment quitté après avoir consacré son énergie à défendre les principes de liberté et de tolérance qui fondent une démocratie. Le Président Georges FENECH 6 MIVILUDES ▼ (Miviludes) Rapport 2010
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