AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY 1920

ONE-HUNDRED-SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT Pretented by the Board of Managers at the Annual Meeting held in Buffalo, New York, June 2 3 -2 9 , 1920

FOREIGN MISSION HEADQUARTERS 276 FIFTH AVENUE NEW YORK

CONTENTS

page PREFACE ...... 5 BY-LAWS ...... 7 OFFICERS AND BOARD OF MANAGERS . 9 GENERAL REPRESENTATIVES: STATE DIRECT ORS 10 GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR . . . 11 I ntroduction ...... 13 A Y e a r ok I nternational D isappointment 13 F o r e ig n M i s s i o n s a n d t h e P e a c e C o n f e r e n c e 14 M o r a l E f f e c t s o f t h e W a r ...... 15 M a t e r i a l E f f e c t s o f t h e W a r 17 S e c r e t a r y F r a n k l i n ’ s R e t u r n f r o m F r a n c e 18 C o m m i t t e e o n W o r k i n F r a n c e a n d B e l g i u m 19 P r o p o s e d D e v e l o p m e n t o f W o r k i n E u r o p e 19 G e r m a n M i s s i o n s ...... 20 Y e a r i n B r i t i s h I n d i a ...... 21 F a m i n e C o n d i t i o n s ...... 22 I n c r e a s i n g I n t e r e s t i n E d u c a t i o n .... 22 T h e o l o g ic a l E d u c a t i o n i n S o u t h I n d i a 24 I n d u s t r i a l T r a i n i n g i n B f.n g a l -O r i s s a 25 P r o g r e s s i n E d u c a t i o n ...... 25 J o j h a t C h r i s t i a n S c h o o l s a n d C o t t o n C o l l e g e 27 W o r k a m o n g C r i m i n a l T r i b e s ...... 28 L a r g e r E m p h a s i s i n E v a n g e l i s m .... 29 I n c r e a s i n g B e n e f i c e n c e ...... 30 T h r e e N e w M i s s i o n S t a t i o n s ...... 31 M issionaries H o n o r e d b y t h e B r i t i s h G o v e r n m e n t 32 T h e G o v e r n m e n t o f I n d i a B i l l .... 33 R e g u l a t io n s R e g a r d in g M i s s i o n a r y A c t i v i t y 35 C h i n a a n d t h e P e a c e T r e a t y ...... 36 S h a n g h a i B a p t i s t C o l l e g e ...... 37 E d u c a t i o n i n C h i n a ...... 38 C h i n a ' s N e e d o f M issionaries ...... 39 C h a n g e s i n J a p a n ...... 39 O p e n D o o r s f o r t h e G o s p e l S h i p 40 M a b ie M e m o r i a l S c h o o l a n d t h e W a s e d a U n i v e r s i t y 41 E vangelistic E m p h a s i s i n J a p a n 43 P r o g r e s s i n t h e P h i l i p p i n e I s l a n d s 43 I n t h e H e a r t o f A f r i c a . . . . 44 P r e s e r v in g t h e H e a l t h o f t h e M i s s i o n a r y 45 F o r e ig n M i s s i o n I n f l u e n c e o f P r o h i b i t i o n i n A m e r i c a 46 U n o c c u p ie d F ie l d s . . . 48 V ic t o r y C a m p a i g n o f N o r t h e r n B a p t i s t L a y m e n 48 G e n e r a l B o a r d o f P r o m o t i o n .... 51 I n t e r c h u r c h W o r l d M o v e m e n t .... 53 I nterdenominational R elationships . 55 R e l a t i o n s w i t h F o r e ig n S p e a k i n g B a p t i s t s 55 R e m o v a l o f H eadquarters t o N e w Y o r k 56 C h a n g e i n F i s c a l Y 'e a r ...... 5* D is t r ic t S ecretaryships ...... 59 3 4 CONTENTS

PAGE G en eral R epresentatives ...... 60 State P rom otion D i r e c t o r s ...... 61 D e p u ta tio n W o r k o f M i s s i o n a r i e s ...... 6? S tereopticon D e p a r t m e n t ...... y B oard of M a n a g e r s ...... R u le s o f t h e B oa rd o f M a n a g e r s ...... i5 B oard M e e t i n g s ...... '6 S e c r e t a r ia l S t a f f ...... 66 Literature D epartm ent ...... 7} “ T h e M e s s e n g e r ” ...... 72 T h e J o in t M a g a z i n e ...... 72 D enominational P r e s s ...... 73 N e w E n g la n d B a p tis t L i b r a r y ...... 74 M is s io n a r y E x h i b i t s ...... 74 Photographic Equipment for Mission Fields .... 74 M is s io n a r y E d u c a t i o n ...... 75 S u n d a y S chool E d u c a tio n a l C a m p a i g n ...... 75 M is sio n a r y P u b l i c i t y ...... 76 H om es for M issionaries on F u r l o u g h ...... 77 H om es for M issionaries ’ C h i l d r e n ...... 7

N the early part of the 19th century the position of in America I was not one of great prominence. With little organization, they were widely scattered and without facilities in those days for easy communica­ tion among themselves. The formation of the English Baptist Missionary Society, which had taken place in 1792, and the early efforts of the pioneer missionaries in had, however, aroused a deep interest in this country, so that considerable money was raised and sent to their aid. The interest thus awakened and fostered was accentuated also by the reading of letters from Dr. William Carey, which appeared from rime to time in the Massachusetts Baptist Missionary Magazine. When m the early part of 1812 a company of five young men was set apart for service in foreign lands, and sailed from our shores, a deep impression was made upon our Baptist people, although the young volunteers were of another denomination. One of these young men, Adoniram Judson, read his New Testament with great thoroughness during his journey to India, and as a result a c c e p t e d the Baptist view' of and wrote a letter which was received in , January 19, 1813, in wrhich he said: “ Should there be formed a Baptist Society for the support of missions in these parts, I should be ready to consider myself their missionary.” This challenge profoundly stirred the Baptists, so that they began at once to make plans to undertake this work. , another of the young men hav­ ing experienced a like change in belief, returned to America to plead the cause of missions among the Baptists, the direct result of his efforts being the organization at . May 21, 1814, of “The General Missionary Convention of the Baptist Denomination in the of America for Foreign Missions,” popularly known as the . The delegates assembled on May 18, a fact which has led to the erroneous statement frequently made, that the Convention was organized on that date. It is a significant fact that the call to engage in foreign missionary work was the first thing that led to organization and unity among the Baptists in this country. In 1845 the southern Baptists withdrew because of a dif­ ference of opinion on the slavery question, and in 1846 the name of the Society was changed to The American Baptist Missionary Union. The name was again altered in 1910, becoming American Baptist Foreign Mission Society. The headquarters were established at Boston, Mass., in 1826 and in 1920 were removed to New York. In accordance with action taken at the annual meeting in 1908, the Society became a co­ operating society of the Northern Baptist Convention. 5

1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 7

BY-LAWS As Adopted at Annual Meeting, 1910

A m e r ic a n B a p t is t F oreign M issio n S ociety

P ream ble This corporation, organized and existing under the laws of the states of Pennsyl­ vania, Massachusetts and New York, for the purpose of diffusing the knowledge of the religion of Christ by means of missions throughout the world, has, pursu­ ant to the power bestowed on it by the several states of , Massachusetts and New York, adopted the following by-laws:

ARTICLE I.

M e m b e r s h ip

S e c t i o n 1. The membership of the Society shall be composed as follows: (a) Of all persons who arc now life members or honorary life members. (b) Of annual members appointed by Baptist churches. Any church may appoint one delegate, and one additional delegate for every 100 members, but no church shall be entitled to appoint more than ten delegates. (c) Of all missionaries of the Society during their terms of service. (d) Of all accredited delegates to each annual meeting of the Northern Baptist Con- ' C(e) Of the officers of the Society and the members of its Board of Managers. S ec. 2. No member shall be entitled to more than one vote.

ARTICLE II.

O fficers

S ec. 1. The officers of the Society shall be a President, a First Vice-president, _ a Second Vice-president, a Treasurer, a Recording Secretary and one or more adminis­ trative Secretaries. The President, the Vice-presidents, the Recording Secretary and the Treasurer shall be elected by ballot at each annual meeting. The administrative Secretary or Secretaries shall be elected by the Board of Managers. S ec. 2. The President shall preside at all meetings of the Society; in the case of his absence or inability to_ serve, his duties shall be performed by the Vice-president in attendance who is first in numerical order. Sec. 3. The Treasurer, the Secretaries and such officers as the Board o f Managers may appoint, shall be subject to the direction of the Board, and shall discharge such duties as may be defined by its regulations and rules of order. Sec. 4. The Treasurer shall give such security for the faithful performance of his duties as the Board of Managers may direct. Sec. 5. Each officer elected at the annual meeting shall serve from the close of the annual meeting at which he is elected, to the close of the next annual meeting, and until his successor is clectcd. ARTICLE III.

B oakd of M anagers bEC. 1. The Board of Managers shall consist of the President of the Society and twenty-seven persons elected by ballot at an annual meeting. At the meeting at which these by-laws shall be addpted, one-third of the managers shall be elected for one year, one-third for two years, and one-third for three years, to the end that thereafter, as nearly as practicable, one-tliird of the whole number of managers shall be elected at e;u-h subsequent annual meeting to fill the vacancies caused by the expiration of terms of office. As many more shall be elccted also, as shall be neces­ sary to fill any vacancies in unexpired terms. S ec. 2. The Board of Managers shall meet at the principal office of the Society to organize as soon as practicable after the annual meeting. Sf.c. 3. The Board o f Managers shall have the management of the affairs of the Society; shall have the power to elect its own Chairman and Recording Secretary and to appoint or elect one or more administrative Secretaries of the Society and such additional officers and agents, and such committees as to it may seem proper, and to define the powers and duties of each; to apjioint its own meetings; to adopt such regulations and rules as to it may seem proper, including those for the control and disposition o f the real and personal property of the Society, the sale, leasing or mortgaging thereof, provided they arc not inconsistent with its Act of Incorporation 8 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report or its by-laws; to fill all vacancies in the Board of Managers and in any office ©? the Society until the next meeting of the Society; to establish such agencies and to appoint and remove such agents and missionaries as ’to it may_ seem proper by a three-fifths vote of all members present and voting at the -meeting when said vote is taken; it being understood, however, that in case of missionaries^ of the Society an absolute m ajority of the Board shall be necessary for suspension and a two- thirds majority of the whole Board for dismissal; to fix the compensation of officers agents and missionaries; to direct and instruct them concerning their repective duties- and to make all appropriations of money; and at the annual meeting of the Society, and at the first session of each annual meeting of the Northern Baptist Convention, to present a printed or written full and detailed report of the proceed­ ings of the Society and of its work during the year. S e c .'* * .- ..The Board of Managers shall appoint annually one of its members, whose term does not expire with the current year, to act as an additional member of the Committee on Nominations, without the right to vote. ARTICLE IV.

E l i g i b i l i t y t o A p p o i n t m e n t All officers. aH members of the Board of Managers and all missionaries must be members of Baptist churches. ARTICLE V.

A n n u a l a n d O t h e r M e e t in g s The Society shall meet annually on the third Wednesday in May, unless for some special reason another time shall be fixed by the Board of Managers in conference with the Executive Committee of the Northern Baptist Convention and with repre­ sentatives o f its other cooperating organizations. The meeting shall be held where the annual meeting of the Northern Baptist Convention shall be held. Special meet­ ings may be held at any time and place upon the call of the Board of Managers. ARTICLE VI.

R e l a t i o n s w i t h N o r t h e r n B a p t i s t C o n v e n t i o n Sec. 1. With a view to unification in general denominational matters, the Northern Baptist Convention at each election may present nominations for officers and for the Board of Managers. S ec. 2. The persons elected each year as the Committee on Nominations o f the Northern Baptist Convention, shall be for that year the committee of this Society on Nominations for its officers and members of its Board of Managers to be then elected. S e c . 3. The Annual Report of this Society, a? soon a? it shall be prepared, shall be forwarded to_ the officer or committee of the Northern Baptist Convention author­ ized to receive it. ARTICLE VII.

A m e n d m e n t s .These by-laws may be amended by a two-thirds vote of the members present and voting at any annual meeting of the Society, provided written notice of the proposed amendment shall have been given at the preceding annual meeting of the Society, or such amendment shall be recommended by the Board of Managers. 1920], GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 9

OFFICERS

PRESIDENT SECOND VICE-PRESIDENT HON CART. E. MILLIKEN, LL.D., CARL D. CASE, D.D., Ph.D.. Illinois Maine FIRST VICE-PRESIDENT RECORDING SECRETARY E. J. FELLM AN , Wisconsin W ILLIAM B. LIPPHARD, New York

HOME SECRETARY FOREIGN SECRETARY JAMES H. FRANKLIN, D.D.

ASSOCIATE SECRETARY FOREIGN SECRETARY W IL L IA M B. LIPPH A R D JOSEPH C. ROBBINS. D.D.

TREASURER CANDIDATE SECRETARY GEORGE B. H UNTINGTON P. H. J. LERRIGO, M.D.

BOARD OF MANAGERS Chairman, Frederick L. Anderson Vice-Chairman, Carter Helm Jones Recording Secretary, William B. Lipphard

Hon. Carl E. Milliken, LL.D., President of the Society, Augusta, Me.

CLASS L TERM EXPIRES 1921 Prof. Frederick L. Anderson, D.D., New- Cyrus S. Eaton, , Ohio ton Center, Mass. John Nuveen, Chicago, 111. . Charles W. Bailey, Wollaston, Mass. J. H. Spencer. D.D., Colorado Springs, Col. Rev. C. W. Chamberlin, Beverly, Mass. T. H. Stacy, D.D., Concord, N. H. S. W. Cummings, D.D., Pasadena, Cal. Mornay Williams, Englewood, N. J.

CLASS II. TERM EXPIRES 1922 Daniel H. Clare, D.D., North Adams, Gov. Carl E. Milliken, LL.D., Augusta, M>. Mass. Prof. Henry B. Robins, Ph. D., Rochester, H. M. Fillebrown, Pawtucket, R. I. X. Y. Mrs. Harry Emerson Fosdick, New York, William T. Sheppard, Lowell, Mass. N. Y. F. E. Taylor, D.D., Indianapolis, Ind. Carter Helm Jones, D.D., Philadelphia, Pa. Rev. W. A. Waldo. Ph.D.. Portland, Oregon

CLASS III. TERM EXPIRES 1923 A. C. Baldwirf, D.D., Philadelphia, Pa. Pres. Emory W. Hunt, D. D., Lewisburg, Pa. W. E. Blodgett, Woburn, Mast. O. R. Judd, Brooklyn, N. Y. Henry Bond, Brattleboro, Vt. Prof. Paul Monroe, Ph.D., New York, Rev. G. A. Hag&trom, St. Paul, Minn- N. Y. J. E. Huggins, Montclair, N. J. Rev. C. J. Pope, Lincoln, Neb. 10 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

GENERAL REPRESENTATIVES A. W. Rider, D.D., 313 West Third St., , Cal. A. M. Petty, D.D., 405 Tilford Bldg., Portland, Oregon. Frank Peterson, D.D., 405 Evanston Bldg., Minneapolis, Mina. James E. Norcross, D.D., 276 Fifth Ave., New York, N. Y.

STATE PROMOTION DIRECTORS Arizona— Rev. H. Q. Morton, 216 Noll Bldg., Phoenix. California, North— C. W. Brinstad, D.D., 358 Blake Bldg., Oakland. California, South— Rev. F. G. Davies, 506 Columbia Bldg., Los Angele*. Colorado— Rev. W. F. Ripley, 714 Exchange Bldg., Denver. Connecticut— Rev. H. B. Sloat, 647 Main St., Hartford. Delaware— W. G. Russell, D.D., 1701 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. District of Columbia-—Rev. F. P. Langhorne, 5817 7th St. N. W., Washington. Idaho— Rev. A. B. Minaker, 416 Empire Building, Boise. Illinois— Rev. A. E. Peterson, 417 So. Dearborn St., Chicago. Indiana— Rev. C. M. Dinsmore, 729 Occidental Bldg., Indianapolis. Iowa— Rev. A. D. McGlashan, 424 Valley Natl. Bank Bldg., Des Moines. Kansas—J. T. Crawford, D.D., 918 Kansas Ave., Topeka. Maine— Rev. E. C. Wliittemore, Waterville. Massachusetts-—Rev. W. F. Wilson, Ford Building, Boston. Michigan— Mr. Grant M. Hudson, 368 Capital Natl. Bank Bldg., Lansing. Minnesota— E. R. Pope, D.D., 529 Second Ave. South, Minneapolis. Montana— Rev. G. Clifford Cress, Box 645, Lewistown. Nebraska— Rev. Clark H. Bancroft, 3524 Lafayette Ave., Omaha. Nevada— Rev. George L. Snyder, Sparks. New Hampshire— Rev. D. S. Jenks, 151 Prospect St., Franklin. New Jersey------New York, Upper— R. E. Farrier, D.D., 276 Fifth Ave., New York. New York City— Rev. F. K. Singiser, 276 Fifth Ave., New York. North Dakota— Rev. Fred E. Stockton, 406 First National Bank Bldg., Grand Fork*, Ohio— Rev. Charles E. Stanton, Granville. Oregon— Rev. J. C. Austin, 405 Tilford Bldg., Portland. Pennsylvania— W. G. Russell, D.D., 1701 Chestnut St., Philadelphia. Rhode Island— Rev. B. J. Livingston, 405 Butler Exchange, Providence. South Dakota— S. P. Shaw, D.D., Sioux Falls. Utah— Rev. A. B. Minaker, 416 Empire Bldg., Boise, Idaho. Vermont— W. A. Davison, D.D., Burlington. Washington, East— Rev. A. H. Bailey, 539 Rookery Bldg., Spokane. Washington, West— George F. Holt, D.D., 433 Burke Bldg., Seattle. West — G. E. Bartlett, D.D., 213S Fourth St.. Parkersburg. Wisconsin— D. W. Hulburt, D.D., 1717 Wells St., Milwaukee. Wyoming— Reu. J. F. Blodgett, 405 So. Park Ave., Casper. GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 1919-1920

GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR

1919-1920

N the work of the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society I during the past year, events of major importance and far- reaching consequences have occurred in such unprecedented numbers as to make a general review of the entire year an unusually difficult task. The very magnitude of our foreign mission enterprise necessitates the omission of innumerable details from such general revie>v, notwithstanding the fact that every one of them has contributed in some wray to the progress of the year. Accordingly this presentation will aim to include only the more significant events and outstanding achieve­ ments. Detailed reports from the several mission fields are published in later sections, where will be found also complete statements concerning the financial side of the work.

A Year of International Disappointment In its broadest aspects the fiscal year which came to a close April 30, 1920, may well be described as a year of inter­ national disappointment and world-wide readjustment. Sure­ ly great things were expected internationally when the year began. The Peace Conference was in session at Paris, laying the foundations, as every one hoped, for a new world. Al­ though it was known that old treaties and secret agreements between several nations presented grave difficulties, it was confidently expected that a solution would be found, and that before the close of the year 1919 peace would be established between all the contending powers. It was believed that long before this men in general would have been engaged in a restoration of the tattered fabric of civilization. The deplor­ ably disappointing occurrences that have followed in the wake of the war are too well known to require recital here. Whatever may be the opinion regarding responsibility for 13 14 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report the almost unprecedented industrial turmoil, social unrest financial collapse in many countries, and the tensity of inter­ national relationships, it is apparent that statesmanship has failed. There appears to be at present no human leadership which seems equal to the needs of the hour or possessed of the prescience required for the avoidance of similar mistakes in the future. But for our faith in the power of the Eternal to straighten out the tangled skein the outlook would seem dark indeed. Many men in all walks of life see clearly that there is no solution other than the spiritual renewal of man­ kind. This makes the foreign mission enterprise seem more clearly essential in world reconstruction than ever before. The political confusion increases our problems and unless a far larger measure of international good will should prevail may indeed hinder us in the prosecution of our work. Throughout this report will be found numerous evidences of the far-reaching effect of the present world unrest and tur­ moil and the grave problems which the past year of interna­ tional disappointment presents to our foreign mission task.

Foreign Missions and the Peace Conference

American Foreign Mission Societies have followed with much interest the negotiations of the Paris Peace Confer­ ence. Recognizing that property interests representing mil­ lions of dollars were invested in lands affected bv the Peace Conference, steps were taken to make such representations as might safeguard the religious and missionary liberties of the future. A committee consisting of Dr. John R. Mott, Dr. J. R. Barton, Dr. Charles R .‘Watson and Mr. J. H. Oldham of England, submitted a statement to the British and American delegations at the Peace Conference urging that the following be considered in all mandates for the administration of former German and Turkish territories:

First, granting of conscience and religious freedom to followers of all religions, expressly including the right to choose freely the form of religious belief and to makt a change of faith without incurring any 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 15 political or civil disability, also liberty to exercise all forms of divine worship, publicly as well as privately. Second, that .Christian missionaries and other persons engaged in char­ itable and philanthropic effort should not be hindered in the peaceable pursuit of their calling and should be allowed to purchase and hold land and to erect buildings for religious and philanthropic purposes. Third, that there should be no discrimination against missionary schools and that there should be equality of educational opportunity as between private and public schools.

A clause in a treaty with saves the property of German missions from confiscation and makes them “trust property,” which will be entrusted to approved missionary agencies for carrying on the work in behalf of the native popu­ lations It is expected that when mandates are issued, mis­ sionary interests will be safeguarded by the above provision. The whole question of the League of Nations bears a vital relationship to this important aspect of the entire foreign mis­ sion enterprise. The international situation -in regard to Turkey has been complicated by the presence of some sixty-five million Indian Mohammedans in the British Empire. The Moslem press, while rejoicing in the allied victories, lost no opportunity in pressing home the situation of Turkey’s helpless condition. To the Mohammedans religion and politics are inseparable and despite the splendid loyalty of the Mohammedans to the British Empire during the war anything which affected the temporal power of Islam could not fail to cause anxiety and distress. They have therefore made their influence felt in the allied counsel in regard to the future of Turkey.

Moral Effects of the War Now that the war has become a matter of history its moral effects become more readily discernible. This is particularly true of India. A great spirit of loyalty swept over the country at the outbreak of hostility which was succeeded by a stead­ fast determination to discharge whatever obligation war might place upon the country. If India only had remained tranquil she would have made a large contribution towards winning 16 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

the war, but she did much more than continue tranquil; her troops fought in every fighting zone from Flanders to Shan­ tung and she contributed in money over $500,000,000.00. This sum when compared with the eight thousand million pounds which is England’s cost of the war does not seem, perhaps, very great, but when considered in the light of India's economic conditions it is a most generous and magnificent token of loyalty to the empire. According to the latest official reports the average annual income in India is only about ten dollars per capita. Only six per cent, of the population is literate. Primary education is deplorable and progressive forces are arrested by illiteracy. Sanitation in the urban and rural dis­ tricts is fearfully low, causing frequent epidemics. All these things considered, India's contribution to the war was not from a superfluity but was diverted from stark necessities. All the revenue India can develop in the next generation and more will be required to educate and house her people and provide healthy, sanitary surroundings. But the blessings which India has received from her participation in the war will in the end far outweigh any sacrifice it may temporaril}- have caused her. The years of faithful work by devoted Christian missionaries helped in a large measure to make possible India's response in this time of need. A group of nine boys from the Burnian Theological Semi­ nary at Insein joined the Motor Transport Company and united with other Christians in their company in organizing a Christian Endeavor Society at Shargot, Mesopotamia for the purpose, as stated by them, "of letting their light shine in that dark land.’’ Having no chaplain they took turns in preaching. This little group of Christians sent back to the seminary contributions of Rs. 135 and an equal amount to the Karen Seminary in addition to subscribing money for the convention and evangelistic society. One of our missionaries at Shwegyin reports:

Another interesting person we met up among the hills was a young man who had joined the sappers and miners in the early davs of the war, had *een service in Mesopotamia and the Northwest Frontier and 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 17 was home on leave. W e rejoiced to see that with the alertness, poise and knowledge of English that his work had given him he had not lost his faith, his interest in the church or his clean character. He is highly thought of in his home town and has arisen in the army to the highest rank he can attain. Such boys are a good recommendation for mission work and we are proud of them.

Through her loyalty and valuable contribution to the war India won the everlasting affection of her sister dominions and mother country. Her two representatives on the Imperial War Council also sat about the peace table at Paris, the Maharaja of Bikinir for the princes and Sir S. P. Sinha for the government of India. Since January the latter has been under secretary of state for India in the Lloyd George cabinet, —“The most encouraging political happening in the history of British rule in India for many a long year.” The granting of King’s Commissions to Indians has served at once to strengthen India’s devotion and to awaken pride in her own growing national spirit.

Material Effects of the War

The material effects of the war are also more readily dis­ cernible. The war has served as a great stimulus to commerce and industry. Circumstances connected with the war whereby it became necessary for India to produce many materials, formerly imported from other countries, have introduced an atmosphere in which the industries of India have flourished to an unprecedented degree. The broadening influence of travel, new contacts, enlarged opportunities, and a new evalu­ ation of the outside world have made a decided impression upon the thousands of Indian young men who so gloriously defended the empire. An Indian Industrial Commission has made a notable study of the possibilities of the empire and definite plans have been adopted for state participation in the industrial development of India so that we may confidently expect to see far reaching results along this line. Notwith­ standing the development of all branches of industry during the war the report of the commission shows that more than 18 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report seventy per cent, of the population are agriculturists, winning their subsistence from the soil by the most antiquated methods. The great bulk of India’s 315,000,000 people live in small villages or remote little groups of huts far back from the railroad. In all India there are only thirty cities of over one hundred thousand population while there are some 730,000 such smaller villages.

Secretary Franklin’s Return from France

Mention was made in the report of last year regarding the visit of Foreign Secretary James H. Franklin to France. Six weeks were spent, including a few days in Belgium, visiting the Baptist churches, investigating conditions in the vast devastated areas, speaking to large congregations in the old Huguenot country, conferring with leaders in the two Baptist associations and meeting numerous representatives of other Protestant bodies. He was able, too, to spend a week in as he wras about to sail for America, when the “May Meetings” of the Baptists of England were being held, which afforded opportunity for conference w'ith well-known denom­ inational representatives in that country concerning matters of mutual interest in missionary work. Regarding Secretary Franklin’s visit to France some of the French Baptists have written as follows:

Not only have you left a cherished remembrance of your visit, but it has been rich in results in so many ways. The present unity of our Baptist cause dates from your visit. Your visit to France and Belgium, specially to our destroyed or injured places of worship, your addresses and conversations, the warm and deep interest you proved in our resuscitation and welfare, have infused into our minds a new courage. W e verify that God has not forsaken us, that you are willing to rebuild our ruins, to keep the work alive, and that there is still a future for the Baptist influence in Northern France and in Belgium. W e thahk God for having sent you; we thank you for having brought us the sympathy of your Society and brethren, and for your personal kindness. Before your coming, you and your friends had already saved from despair and death a great many of our families; now wc have a prospect not of existence only, but already of well-being and progress. 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 19

A full report of Dr. Franklin’s visit was published in book, form under the title “ In the Track of the Storm.” French Protestants have written words of deep appreciation of the sympathetic interpretation found in this report. The book was issued by the American Baptist Publication Society and received most favorable commendation in all sections of our constituency. By special arrangement with the Publication Society the Literature Department was able to present com­ plimentary copies to all Baptist pastors on application.

Committee on Work in France and Belgium

After the armistice was signed numerous Christian bodies in America began to formulate plans for relief work in France and Belgium. While each body felt a very special interest in its own denominational brethen in those countries, there was a common desire to undertake relief work for all people in the devastated regions and to assist the whole evangelical cause in Europe. With a view to sharing information regard­ ing needs and to securing light as to the wisest procedure, a committee was formed, at the suggestion of the Federal Coun­ cil of Churches of Christ in America, which is composed of representatives of various denominational agencies in America that are attempting to lend assistance in France and Belgium at this time. The relation of the committee to the Boards is strictly advisory and it interferes in no wav with the inde­ pendence of any organization 011 either side of the Atlantic. The Board of Managers is represented on this committee by Rev. Arthur C. Baldwin, D.D., and Foreign Secretary James H. Franklin, who has been made chairman of the group.

Proposed Development of Work in Europe

Since the conclusion of the war evangelical Christians of America have given much thought to the need for larger evangelical effort in European countries. On account of the distressing economic conditions which obtain in eastern and southeastern Europe the appeal for relief measures has been 20 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

strong and something has been done to meet the needs. An extensive and most helpful relief work is now being under­ taken by the Society in France and Belgium under the direc­ tion of Rev. Oliva Brouillette, who has been given leave of absence by the French Baptist Church of Salem, Mass., and the Massachusetts Baptist State Convention for this important service. In the judgment of Rev. Charles A. Brooks, the Society’s Commissioner to Europe, similar efforts should be made for other countries. Mr. Brooks was generously re­ leased by the American Baptist tlome Mission Society to serve for a year in Europe as a commissioner of the Foreign Mission Society to study conditions there. Already he has made visits to Belgium, France, Poland, Czecho-Slovakia, Spain and Germany. He has been in conference with groups of English Baptists who are sending Rev. J. H. Rushbrooke with Mr. Brooks for a limited survey of religious conditions in eastern and southeastern Europe with a view to securing information for use at a special meeting of the Executive of the next summer. At this meeting representatives of Baptist agencies of Great Britain and Amer­ ica as well as delegates from continental countries will join in the preparation of a program for Baptists in Europe.

German Missions

Before the war the Christians of Germany were engaged in a large foreign mission program in various countries. As one result of the war their work was necessarily discontinued in India, Africa and China. When they will be permitted to resume their work in such countries is now a problem in which they are deeply interested. Representatives of foreign mis­ sion agencies in Great Britain and in America are well-nigh unanimous in their expression of opinion that now the right of all people to carry on foreign mission work should h<- recognized by governments. A small international conference to consider this and other important questions has been called for July, to be held near Geneva, Switzerland. Foreign Secretary James H. Franklin has been chosen as one of the 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 21 fifteen delegates from the United States and to the proposed conference.

The Year in British India

This year has been one of the most significant in all the history of India tinder the British Crown. It has been a year of intense unrest, much more than a mere period of revolution. Disturbances "and outbreaks have been frequent, especially in the Punjab Region.. It has been a hard, difficult, distress­ ful year for India and especially for our missionaries who love India and share so intimately India’s burdens of sickness, hun­ ger and poverty. One missionary says, “ In forty-five years of service I have never known a time of so great economic dis­ tress.” Rev. W. L. Ferguson, D.D., one of our missionaries in South India, writes:

The aftermath of the great war has been upon us, manifesting itself in various ways. General unrest among the people, political agitation such as India has not known for centuries, if ever; commercial dis­ organization due to shipping difficulties, unsettled exchange, and other causes, strikes, labor disputes and lockouts; prices high, higher, ever higher, exceeding what were formerly considered famine rates; pesti­ lence, diseases and deaths; much distress and deep poverty among the masses, and great fortune and prosperity among the few ; shortage of crops and crime rampant everywhere; higher wages for laborers and most salaried people, but increased earning much below the advance in the cost of living; India as a whole using paper currency and nickel coinage increasingly, silver and gold having gone into hoarding or ex­ port. Poverty and prosperity, want and wealth everywhere manifested and the rush for material possession more evident than ever.

Last July in all India there were a million and a quarter persons on relief work or receiving free famine aid. The price of food stuffs trebled and quadrupled. Exportations of grain, insufficient rain, influenza and profiteering were added to war as fundamental causes of this economic extremity. The government estimates a great shortage of food this year due to a decrease in acreage cultivated and poor crops. 22 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

Famine Conditions Conditions in South India have equalled the worst ever known to the inhabitants of this poverty stricken country. Our mission stations, besieged day and night by throngs of hungry people crying for food, were able to offer but slight aid, the appeal was so great. Men and women, through sheer weakness, staggered about like drunken people. Suffering was also intensified through lack of drinking -wrater and an epidemic of cholera took great tolls of human life. Our mis­ sionaries provided relief to the best of their ability and for months over a hundred children without protection, food or clothing were fed and sheltered at the Baptist compound at Sooriapett. Famine camps set up by the government often fed as man}r as five thousand at a time. Historic old shade trees along the military road from Madras to for a distance of forty miles were stripped of all foliage to pro­ vide fodder for the cattle. In ordinary time the lopping of a single branch of one of these trees would have been con­ sidered a crime. Most of the able bodied men deserted the villages for the cities in search of food. Twenty-eight thou­ sand dollars were contributed during the year by Northern Baptists and cabled to India for famine relief.

Increasing Interest in Education The government quinquennial report on education shows that less than four per cent of the total population and less than one per cent of the female population of India is attend­ ing school. There is, however, a decidedly growing interest in education throughout the country. It is recognized, not only by the missionaries and Europeans but by the Indian leaders, that India's woeful illiteracy and mass ignorance is a heavy weight upon her political aspirations and these Indian leaders are becoming zealous for the education of the common people. Primary and village education is of paramount im­ portance and attention should be given to these agricultural problems with a view to seeing that our mission schools are preparing young men to return to their homes equipped to 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 23 take an active part in the improvement and development of these agricultural communities and in the strengthening of village life. These problems of agricultural education are most pressing. The world’s progress is affecting agriculture equally with other occupations and the future of India depends very largely upon proper utilization of these resources. Realizing this to the fullest degree the Reference Committee of Burma on June 4, 1919, passed the following resolution:

R esolved, that whereas 70 to 80 per cent, of our native Christian con­ stituency in Burma are cultivators of the soil, a fact which is equally true of the non-Christian population of the country; and whereas a mission school of agriculture would not only contribute towards the develop­ ment of self-support among the Christians but would also commend to the non-Christians; and whereas the interest of the people and the generous support the government is willing to give such an enterprise, make the present a most favorable time for taking the lead in this form of education; we heartily endorse Mr. Case’s proposal for a school of agriculture at Pyinmana and recommend an appropriation of $30,000,00, provided it can be raised as a specific so as in no way to curtail the regular appropriations for the mission. W e recommend also the appropriation of $1,000.00 a year for the maintenance of the work, so long as it may be required.

An Educational Commission from America and England has been in India this year making a special study of the needs of village education. The Commission is composed of five British members, two Indian members and one American representative, Mr. D. J. Fleming, formerly a missionary in India. The Commission left the United States last July after a careful study of rural education here and traveling by way of made a special study of the wonderful achievement in rural education in the Philippines under American occupa­ tion. Plans have been made for unhurried visits of the Com­ mission to many centers in India, for conference with experienced missionaries, Indian workers, government educa­ tional officials and others. We are confident that the report of this Commission will be of great value to us in the adminis­ tration and development of Baptist work in India in which Christian education holds such an important place. 24 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

Theological Education in South India In South India special attention has been given during the past year to the enlarging and strengthening of our theological seminary. Realizing the paramount importance of trained Christian leaders in the development of our work in India it has long been felt that by joining forces with the strong , which lies just to the north and adjacent to our own field, we could have a union Baptist seminary second to none and through whose greatly enlarged force and better equipped staff would be found the necessary leaders and teachers for our Baptist churches and schools. For the purpose of considering this union project a joint meeting of Canadian and American Baptist Telugu mission­ aries was held on the sixth of January at Cocanada at which the following resolution was adopted:

R e s o l v e d : That it is advisable t h a t the American Baptist Telugu Mission and the Canadian i’.aptist Mission co-operate in advancing theological education for students from the sixth to the intermediate grades; that when funds are available for founding a joint institution the Union Seminary should be located at Bezwada or some other su it­ able center to be agreed upon; that for the present the two missions co-operate in the formation of classes for the advanced course at Rama- patnam; that this advanced course be introduced at Ramapatnam as soon as the American Baptist Telugu Mission is able to provide a more adequate staff tor its seminary, it being the hope of the joint committee that this may be possible by July 1, 1920.

These plans call for the complete reorganization of the courses now being given at Ramapatnam and the increasing of the staff from one to three missionaries and eight Telugu teachers. Special courses will be arranged for women. The South India Conference last year adopted the name of “Ger­ trude Preston Rutherford Institute" for the Baptist training school in the Deccan. This school will provide a three years’ course for pupils above the fifth grade in normal training, elementary Sunday school pedagogy and industrial and agri­ cultural arts. It is the only school of its grade equipped to train teachers for our Telugu Mission. 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 25

Industrial Training in Bengal-Orissa

In Bengal-Orissa the Bhimpore and Balasore schools con­ tinue to be the center of our educational work. The former, after turning the hospital into class rooms was still unable to accommodate all those who made application for admission. Fifteen new village schools have been opened making a total of seventy-five now under the care of this station. In the industrial department 136 boys work for two hours every afternoon at some kind of useful manual labor. They work in the gardens and fields, carpenter shop and brick yards. Over Rs. 1500 worth of materials were turned out during the past year by these boys. The Balasore Industrial School has been established fourteen years. There are twelve teachers and over seventy boys on the rolls. Last year sales amounted to more than three thousand dollars. A tradition and an atmos­ phere have developed here and every boy who enters finds that he must fall into line and do his part or quit. Our in­ dustrial school is a school and its purpose is to make Christian men whose Christianity shall enter into their trade and make them better workmen and whose manual training and habits of industry shall make them better Christians, more virile, more dependable, truer men.

Progress in Education

Baptist mission schools were never more important in India than they are to-day. Out of a total of 87.386 pupils studying in our Baptist mission schools a year ago, 64,245, or more than 73 per cent, were registered in the four missions of Burma, South India, Assam and Bengal-Orissa. With the prospect of self-government there must be developed an intel­ ligent and united people. In some of our schools in Burma, as Pegu and Taunggyi, we find Burmese, Chinese, , Taungthus, Shans and Karens all together in the same class room. Here race and religious prejudices are ignored and in their place are nourished friendship, patriotism and Christian character. Twenty-one graduates from our Burma high 26 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

schools last year have entered some branch of mission work and nearly all contribute to the support of preachers and other forms of Christian activities. In fitting these young men to assume their proper place in the life and development of their country we must show them how to provide an honest living for themselves and families. Appreciating this fact the Burma missionaries passed at their annual conference last year this resolution:

Believing that our Lord Jesus Christ is deeply concerned in the whole welfare of mankind, of which the economic factor is an important one; and believing that one of the most insistent needs of Burma to-day is that the common people should be raised to a higher economic plana in order that they may avail themselves of the means of rising to a higher civilization; and forseeing that the future welfare of the Chris­ tian churches is most vitally related to and bound up with the economic welfare; we therefore heartily endorse the enlargement of the educa­ tional policy of our mission to include institutions such as the proposed School of Trades and .Mechanical Arts, the School of Agriculture, etc., the training of which will better enable our people to improve their eco­ nomic condition : and resolve that we should, by whatever means we can, instruct and assist our people to a higher economic level through the use of banks, postal savings, co-operative societies, and by any other means by which we may be of assistance to them in helping them to becoma efficient factors in their respective communities.

Rangoon Baptist High School, accommodating pupils from the high school to the primary grades, last year had an enrol­ ment of nine hundred and forty-four, our European school one hundred and fifty-one and the normal school forty. The first of these schools is now crowded to its utmost capacity and the second is rapidly growing- ia popularity and numbers. The normal school is the center of many bright hopes for it is here that the future teachers of our vernacular schools are to be found. In connection with this work training and practice schools have been opened near the mission compound. During the past year the Rangoon Baptist Anglo-vernacular school was honored by the government through the presenta­ tion of a gold watch and certificate to its headmaster, Sava Ba. The Board has appropriated 810,000.00 towards the establish­ ing at Moulmein of a school to be known as the Tenasserium 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 27

School of Industrial and Mechanical Trades. This will be the first school -of its kind in Burma. If industrial education has been found to be a form of uplift for America and the Philip­ pine Islands it cannot fail to be of first importance in the education of Burma. This new school will not only turn out workmen but also equip teachers to carry on this educational work. We have opportunity now under the most favorable conditions to influence the industrial life of Burma. The school will utilize all the modern machinery of the trades which it proposes to teach. The purpose will be not merely lo train mechanics but to build characters as well, to teach people who now love idleness the love of industry, the dignity of labor and the manliness of toil. Among trades which wiH be taught are carpentry, brick laying, cement and concrete work, plumbing and painting, pattern making, machine shop practice, applied electricity, motor and mining engineering.

The Jorhat Christian Schools and Cotton College ■

In Assam our principal educational institution is the Jor­ hat Christian Schools. Concerning these the government in­ spector recently reported, “A comprehensive program of work for the year has been adopted and strictly followed, the best and most thorough thing I have ever seen.” The Jorhat Christian Schools have achieved the reputation of being the most strict of all the high schools in the province. Boys who enter these schools come for the explicit purpose of study and hard work for they know no other institutions offers the advantages and opportunities equal to those at Torhat. A Christian atmosphere is maintained through the regulation of the management which keeps the proportion of Christians and non-Christian students two to one. W e are hopeful that the Jorhat schools will provide the churches of Assam with Christian ministers and trained laymen. Boys of fifteen dif­ ferent languages and races have entered these schools and are already beginning to give back to their people the benefits derived from their training at Jorhat. Substantial appropria­ tions have been made during the past year for the develop­ 28 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

ment of this work. Every year emphasizes the importance- of the great work which our Baptist missionaries are doing for the students at Cotton College, Gauhati. This govern­ ment institution draws young men from all Assam and the only instruction in Christianity being given them is that obtained at the home of our Baptis,t missionaries, Dr. and Mrs. W. E. Witter. Students who have thus come in contact with our Baptist missionaries are now exerting their influence for the advancement of Christ’s Kingdom in their home com­ munities. A new hostel has been built here during the past year for the purpose of making a Christian home for these young men while studying at the college.

Work among Criminal Tribes

The industrial criminal settlement at Kavali begun only a few years ago with twenty-five families now has a population of nearly two thousand. Here is a real Christian missionary task. These people are criminals of the criminal caste who are committed to the settlement instead of being placed behind prison bars. The missionary manages the settlement on the basis of trusting its inhabitants. The constables carrv no arms and there are no walls about the settlement. The houses in which the criminal lives are arranged along streets to form a village. Each family has its own hut and lives its own individual life, every effort being made to develop normal village living. The net cost of the settlement, with the ex­ ception of the salary of the missionary in charge, Rev. S. D. Bawrlen, which is paid by our Society, is borne by the govern­ ment. A monthly recurring grant is made in advance for the expenses of the settlement. In addition to this the govern ment has made available a sum for advance on cattle, seed and implements for Allur and Bitraguntra where are sent those families from Kavali who Mr. Bawden thinks can be trusted and who are eager to make in this way a beginning of honest and industrious citizenship. These people have been 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 29 wanderers without restraint &nd without consideration for the rights of others. We endeavor to train them in honesty and independence and while restricting their wrong impulses, when necessary, give them all the freedom possible as long as they do not abuse it. At Allur where the most trusted people are sent there are no police at all. At Bitraguntra there are four special constables chosen from among the people themselves and at Kavali where there are more than one thousand crim­ inals all of the police officials with the exception of the two head constables are chosen by the members.

Larger Emphasis in Evangelism The paramount interest in our missionary work has been and should continue to be evangelism. We make new worlds only by making new men. Evangelism therefore should al­ ways stand in the forefront of all our missionary efforts. Espe­ cially have our South India and Burma missions realized this important fact and each has released one of its members. Rev. Wheeler Boggess in South India, and W. F. Thomas, D.D., in Burma, to devote their entire time to evangelistic work. There were more in our Burman work during the past year than at any time in the past twenty years and in the Karen work for the past sixteen years. Nearly three thousand Karens were baptized last year. Reports from many sections of our mission fields speak of the pronounced readiness with which non-Christian people listen to the gospel, and there are strong indications that the time is rapidly approaching when there will be a great ingathering from these fields such as the world has never know'n. In many places the peo­ ple seem to be on the verge of becoming Christians although they have not quite come to the point of breaking away from old superstitions and customs.

There is a spirit of freedom and independence abroad among the peo­ ple. A sense of self-respect and worthfulness on the part of the in­ dividual far beyond anything manifested a decade or two ago. The l>eople as a whole are more receptive to new ideas and more inclined 30 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

to welcome changes. Caste seems to be slowly breaking through but it • is far from dead.

Three years ago a group of missionaries touring a number of Hindu villages in South India were met by crowds of men, women and children who jeered and scoffed at them as they walked through the streets. The children of these villages are to-day studying in our mission schools and a Hindu priest in one has invited our missionaries to speak at the bazars. On a recent tour one of our Baptist missionaries came across a Hindu school master who had introduced the in his school as a desirable book on-morals. The college church, an institution embracing students from judson College, Rangoon High School, European High School and the Normal School, besides its regular Sunday and mid-week services, maintains a Sunday school of three hundred members and conducts five city Sunday schools. Aledals and diplomas are awarded for excellence in Bible study. The college supports a missionary now working among the Inthas near Taunggyi. From Impur, Assam, Dr. Bailey writes: With the exception of four of the fifty-five villages I have visited and preached in every village in the Ao tribe and several in the Miri tribe. The evangelistic work has shown good results and has been attended with an extra number of conversions and baptisms. I myself baptized 487 con­ verts and baptisms by other workers make a total of 724. There is a general interest among the Christians that points to active missionary work later.

Mr. Marsh writes from Markapur:

In twenty of the twenty-six villages visited there were 638 baptisms and these were in the most backward part of the field. On another evangelistic tour of about three weeks there were 431 baptisms, making a total of 1,069 for the two tours.

Increasing Beneficence

The same spirit of enthusiasm which has made possible the New World .Movement among the Baptist churches in this GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 31 country is being felt throughout our mission fields. The churches of our great Sgaw Karen Mission, Burma, have undertaken to raise 300,000 rupees for a new school building. Within less than a year they have raised 110,000 rupees in cash and have secured an additional 100,000 rupees in reliable pledges^ At a recent association meeting the churches heartily endorsed the following resolution:

That every church member will contribute not less than ten rupees and as much more as he or she is able; that each church will raise a lotal of not less than an average of twenty rupees per member; that the entire membership of the association unitedly pledges itself not to consider its work done until the building and its entire equipment are fully paid for.

The membership of 15,000 means a giving per capita of twenty rupees in order to erect this new building. The proj­ ect, which the Lieutenant Governor in a recent address char­ acterized as an “ambitious one,” has already proved a means of drawing these people together much more unitedly in their love to God and to one another than anything which this mission has yet undertaken. Since beginning to collect the money the peoplf have suffered greatly from sickness and death and have lost most of their cattle from one of the worst scourges of rinderpest ever known to this country, yet they have not lost their courage and faith.

Three New Mission Stations Three new stations have been opened during the past year, Kangpokpi in Assam, Jamshedpur in Bengal-Orissa, and Mong Lem on the northern border of Burma on the Chinese side. At Kangpokpi we have an opportunity for preaching the gospel to a section of the world which up to the present time has remained practically closed to Christianity. Rev. William Pettigrew of our Assam Mission, who was permitted in 1896 to locate at Ukhrul to work among the Tangkhul Nagas, was the first missionary ter enter Manipur. Up to the present time his activities have been restricted to the northeastern most sections of the state, but by promising to locate Dr. G. G. 32 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

Crozier, a medical missionary, to do work with Mr. Pettigrew, permission has been given for opening a new center. Jamshed­ pur, formerly called Sakchi, and known as &ie Pittsburg of India, is the home of the Tata Iron and Steel Company, the first great steel industry in India. This company is growing bjr leaps and bounds and Jamshedpur, started in 1912 with only a few inhabitants, is now a city of 60,(XX) people and expects within the next five years to have a population of 250,000. During the past year we have made an appropriation to begin mission work in this city. We have been able to enter during the formative period in the life of Jamshedpur which promises to be one of the outstanding cities of all our mission fields. Our plan calls for the erection of churches, schools, dormitories, community buildings, mission residences and the establishment of a play ground. The land upon which this is to be done has been given to the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society by the Tata Iron and Steel Companv, which has been most friendly to all our missionary efforts. \\ e already have one man located here and a second man is under appointment. Across the border from K e n g tu n g in China there are already several thousand Christians, who were converted by the missionaries at Kengtung but are too far away to receive proper shepherding from this station. Of the 16,000 persons baptized on the Kengtung field since 1901 at least 7,000 are across the Chinese border. We hope to estab­ lish two stations here, one at Mong Lem one hundred miles north of Kengtung and a second still another hundred miles north, at Mong Mong. One of our pioneer missionaries, Rev. W. M. Young, who in 1901 opened the Kengtung station, is now at work on this new field. Here is a great evangelistic opportunity. In the near future there should be from throe hundred to five hundred self-supporting, native workers trained on the field. Medical work is also imperative.

Missionaries Honored by the British Government

Not many people in America have heard of the Kaisar-i- Hind Medal which is awarded by the British Government 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 33 for distinguished public service in India. This honor, con­ ferred upon civilians, corresponds somewhat to the honor conferred upon men in military service, such as the war cross or the distinguished service medal which recent years have made so well known. The Society therefore has reason to feel proud of the record of its missionaries in British India who have been awarded the Kaisar-i-Hind Medal. During the past year Rev. S. D. Bawden of South India, Rev. W il­ liam Pettigrew of Assam, Miss Lizbeth Hughes* of Burma and Rev. Ola Hanson, Litt. D., of Burma, have received this decoration. Others who have been awarded similar honor in previous years include Miss Sarah J. Higby, John E. Cum­ mings, D.D., Charles A. Nichols, D.D., and Dr. E. W . Kelly of Burma; Rev. G. N. Thomssen of South India; Rev. P. H. Moore of Assam. This public recognition of the mis­ sionary’s work indicates clearly the high value which the British Government places on missionary activity in its rela­ tion to the moral and intellectual development of India.

The Government of India Bill The Board has given especial attention during the past year to the Government of India Bill. On August 20, 1917, the Secretary of State for India made the following announce­ ment in the House of Commons:

The policy of His Majesty’s Government, with which the Government of India is in complete accord, is that of the increasing association of Indians in every branch of the administration and the gradual develop­ ment of self-governing institutions with a view to the progressive real­ ization of responsible government in India as an integral part of the British Empire.

These words pledged the British Government to the adop­ tion of an entirely new governmental policy toward the 315,- 000,000 people of the sub-continent empire of India. In har­ mony with this proposal Mr. Montague, the Secretary of State for India, visited India in the winter of 1917—18, and after a most careful and exhaustive study of the situation in coti- 34 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report junction with Lord Chelmsford, the Viceroy of India present­ ed the Report on Indian Constitutional Reforms, a most in­ teresting and comprehensive document of 300 pages. A bill embodying the main recommendations of the Mon- tague-Chelmsford report passed both houses of Parliament without opposition. This bill, affecting as it does nearly one-fifth of the human race, is perhaps one of the most fate­ ful enactments that Parliament has passed. It gives to the Indian peo‘ple at the outset an active part in the administra­ tion of the government, especially in provincial government. It divides the government in each province into two sections; on the one hand the governor with his official colleagues in executive council, and on the other, the governor with minis­ ters drawn from the provincial legislative assemblies. To the former will be reserved the administration of the more fundamental duties of the State, such as the maintenance of law and order, the administration of the universities, indus­ tries, land revenue, forests and irrigation. To the other sec­ tion will be transferred the remaining duties, such as control of local bodies, primary education, sanitation, agriculture, ex­ cise, roads and bridges. After ten years' trial a parliamentary commission will visit India to study and report on the success of these steps in self-government. If the report is favorable further subjects will be transferred to the Indian ministers. And so the proc­ ess will go on until responsible government is fully estab­ lished and the transitional system of dualism is superseded by unified popular administration. The act further provides for a two chamber system of legislature at Delhi and provides for a larger number of Indian members on the Viceroy's executive council. That this Bill will be of far-reaching significance to the missionary enterprise in British India is obvious. Its actual working out in the interests of the great advance in political autonomy for the millions of India will be carefully and pray­ erfully followed by missionaries and missionary administra­ tors the world over. 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 35

Regulations Regarding Missionary Activity During the year the British Government adopted certain regulations in regard to missionary societies now operating in India. Hereafter only those societies in the United States which are recommended the Foreign Missions Conference of North America will be allowed to send missionaries to any country under British control. Societies wishing to send missionaries who are not of pure British or American birth to India must submit to the Foreign Missions Conference of North America the name and full particulars regarding each missionary. The Conference will then make due inquiry, which in case of persons whom there may be any reason to suspect of enemy associations, will be especially searching, and if the Foreign Missions Conference is able to guarantee his or her good faith the missionary will be given credentials establishing his or her identity. If the person in question has already served in India the Conference will communicate with the National Missionary Council who will take up the matter with the government of India. Every missionary not a Brit­ ish subject must be provided with a document signed by an official of the Foreign Missions Conference which will con­ stitute’ the guarantee given by the Conference. In harmony with these regulations of the British Govern­ ment, the following declaration was adopted by the Board of Managers:

Whereas, the British Government has announced regulations in re­ gard to the work of missionary societies and of missionaries, employees, and agents of missionary societies conducting work in British territory; and Whereas, these regulations require each Society to file with the Com­ mittee of Reference and Counsel of the Foreign Missions Conference of North America a declaration of its willingness to give all due obedience and respect to the lawfully constituted Government, etc., the Board of Managers of the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society hereby de­ clares : 1. That the Board of Managers of the American Baptist Foreign Mis­ sion Society recognizes that all due obedience and respect should be given to the lawfully constituted government of the country where it is conducting missionary work; 36 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

2. That, while carefully abstaining from political affairs, it is the desire and purpose of this Board that the influence of the Board in so far as it may be properly exerted, should be so exerted in loyal coopera­ tion with the government of the country concerned; 3. That this Board will exercise the greatest care in selecting it.s missionaries with a view to employing only those who will work in this spirit; 4. That this Board or Society will make every effort to facilitate the efforts and its missionaries to work in this spirit; and 5. That this Board or Society authorizes its officers to take such steps as may be necessary to cooperate with the officers of the Committee of Reference and Counsel of the Foreign Missions Conference of North America in carrying out the regulations issued by the British Govern­ ment in regard to the work of this Society and its missionaries in Brit­ ish territory.

In case any question arises between the British Govern­ ment and any missionary society or its representative the government will take up the matter with the Foreign M is­ sions Conference and in event of the latter failing to adjust the trouble, His Majesty’s Government has the right to with­ draw all aid being given to the society and if necessary to deport the individual and remove the society from the list of recognized organizations.

China and the Peace Treaty The excitement in China over certain sections of the treaty of peace as finally negotiated at Paris is too well known to require repetition here. All classes were angered, but the students in the high schools and colleges of China were most pronounced in their patriotic demonstrations and proclama­ tions. The students in most cases went on “ strike" and refused to return to their classes until opportunity had been given for prolonged demonstration again'st government of­ ficials at Peking, who were openly accused of lack of loyalty to the people and a readiness to surrender to foreign influences. The uprisings on the part of the students frequently cause considerable embarrassment to government schools and to missionary institutions, but close observers arc of the opin­ ion that the ability of the student classes to organize them­ 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 37 selves, and to protest against misconduct on the part of of­ ficials, is one of the most hopeful signs in Chinese life. If the students of China can be reached with the Gospel of Christ a real transformation of the nation may be expected.

Shanghai Baptist College

Shanghai Baptist College and Seminary, with a total student attendance of three hundred and twenty-five, including pre­ paratory departments, is considered by many as one of the best institutions in all China. The student attendance is as large as can be accommodated with the present equipment. During the last four years large gifts have been made by friends in this country, which have made it possible to erect the first complete college gymnasium in China, a science building which probably will be as complete as anything in the land, and two large dormitories. One of the dormitories is in process of construction and is expected to accommodate as many as seventy-five additional students during the next college year. The warm evangelistic spirit at Shanghai Col­ lege is a source of deep satisfaction to all who know the life of that institution. Nearly fifty young men were baptized at the institution during the last school year, and the spiritual life of the institution is reported to us as exceptionally fine. It is significant that more young men with college training can be found here studying for the Christian ministry than is true of any other institution in China. These young men if well trained in a warm evangelical atmosphere will do much to develop Baptist church life and to advance the Kingdom of God in every way in different sections of China. Within recent years, twenty graduates of Shanghai Baptist College have come to America for postgraduate study in some of the best universities and theological schools of the land. A large proportion of these students are studying in America under the friendly oversight and with the practical assistance of our Society. Last year the tide began- to turn back to China, when the first two graduates of the College, after graduation from American universities, returned to their own country for 38 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

active Christian service. More of these young men are ex­ pected to sail for China this year and next.

Education in China West China Union University at Chengtu in Szchuan Province, in whose support we co-operate with several other evangelical denominations, has grown steadity during the last few years and promises to become an institution of far-reach­ ing influence. It is the only Christian school of college grade within a radius of one thousand miles. That fact alone con­ stitutes a great appeal. Gifts from Baptist friends in America have enabled the Board of Managers within recent years to furnish two school buildings and several missionary resi­ dences on the campus at Chengtu, but we have not been able as yet to furnish our full quota of men for service on the faculty of the institution. One of the most thrilling stories in the history of our missionary educational work is that of Kaying Academy in South China, where seven years ago the student enrolment was one hundred and twenty-one, and where, to-day, about seven hundred are studying. The evan­ gelistic spirit has been strong, and has been felt by the com­ munity at large. The church nearby has taken on strength very rapidly and the school itself promises to furnish many Christian leaders. The truly wronderful accomplishments in this school have been achieved despite the paucity of equip­ ment. Fortunately, a good friend has just contributed $30,000 for a dormitory at Kaying. The academy at Swatow is an­ other institution which has made remarkable progress. If the proper equipment could be furnished this growing school and the proper staff appointed by the Board, we would have every reason to expect very large results. A Chinese Baptist stu­ dent, who graduates this year at an American university, will ^il in July to teach at Swatow Academy. The one great purpose of these schools and other institu­ tions which are equally worthy, but which cannot be reported in this brief review, is to release in China and elsewhere a multitude of young people with the spirit of Jesus Christ in 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 39 their lives, who are qualified to teach Him and live Him in all the relationships of life.

China’s need of Missionaries China, in common with other lands in which we are at work, is calling loudly for missionary re-enforcements. Two of the missions are questioning- seriously whether they can continue to hold as many stations as they are now occupying unless the Board can send them reenforcements in the very near future. For three years the station at far away Ningyuan in West China, has been closed, the educational and evange­ listic work being left in the hands of the Chinese, who are working in this isolated field twelve days’ journey from the nearest station. A survey of the fields in China is sufficient to show conclusively that unless the churches at home are aroused to a sense of their duty in calling out their young people for missionary service, the work abroad will suffer greatly. The morale of the missionary forces is being severely tried by reason of the failure of the churches at home to send reenforcements. A much larger dedication of life, on the part of those who are qualified for missionary service, will be re­ quired within the next few years if we are not actually to lose ground.

Changes in Japan Possibly no country outside of Europe has recently been passing through greater political, social, industrial and edu­ cational changes than those which are occurring at the present time in Japan. Developments in several directions in that land are almost unbelievable to those who have not studied the situation carefully. Many of Japan’s ablest men affirm that spiritual strength is the greatest need of their land, that the old faiths are not sufficient to furnish the moral strength which is essential to the welfare of the nation, and that friendly assistance should be welcomed from those who are qualified to serve as reliable religious guides. Many Japanese have recognized publicly the beneficent work of 40 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

pioneer missionaries to their land. Because of the moral and religious value of its work our new Mabie Memorial school for boys at Yokohama has been given assistance in very practical ways by government officials. The following quotations from an article by a Japanese professor exceptionally qualified to speak on the tendency of thought in the student class in his country, indicate some of the forces which are at work in Japan to-day.

“Students are going down and living with the laboring people in .order that they may study the question of labor at first hand and get information. This shows the new spirit that the young men of Japan are manifesting to-day.” “The militarists and the conservatives in the government look upon these students with wider sympathies and world vision as men with dangerous thoughts. To the police, these young men are dangerous, but from our point of view these young men are the hope of the future.” “If the question was put to the students as to whether or not Japan should withdraw from Siberia, ninety in one hundred would stand for withdrawal. If the question of giving Korea independence or complete autonomy was submitted, ninety in one hundred would say give her independence or autonomy. If it was put to the students, whether Japan should withdraw from Shantung and give it back to China ninety in one hundred would say, ‘Yes.’ ” Japan’s very remarkable commercial and educational prog­ ress, her naval and military power and her international in­ fluence, all of which have contributed to place her in a com­ manding position in the Far East, emphasize the need for lending all assistance we can offer to the Christian forces of the Empire.

Open Doors for the Gospel Ship Twenty years ago when the work of the “ Fukuin Maru,” the Gospel Ship on the Inland Sea of Japan, was begun by the beloved Captain Luke W . Bickel, not a person was a Christian and hardly anyone had heard of Christ. Ten years later the first church was organized for all the Christians in the field. The current year has brought another real sign of progress. As the number of Christians increased each section of the island parish was anxious to form a local church 1920J GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 41 and develop its own strength. Consequently in March under the direction of Rev. F. W . Steadman three new churches were formed. The next step was to organize an association, the fourth association of Baptists in Japan. Of course, the mother church is left much weaker but with a fine faith and determination to strengthen itself while the new churches are devoting themselves to their heavier responsibilities with re­ newed energy. During the year islands visited for the first time in four years gave the ship a great welcome. The in­ fluential men of the towns, and the educators, students, and townspeople were invited on board and were given an ex­ planation of the work, in reality, a strong sermon on Christian­ ity. As many as 300 were received in a day, each one seeing the ship, hearing a sermon and obtaining Christian literature. At one place the entire police force of the island was enter­ tained. In the theaters rented for the evening meetings from six to twelve hundred people were present and proved to be most attentive listeners. During the after-meetings many expressed a desire to know more of Christianity and not a few professed the Christian faith. These were decidedly dif­ ferent experiences from those first days when the people looked at Captain Bickel with distrust and terror and only listened to his teachings from curiosity. That this trip of 500 miles in rough open sea was made without accident of an)' kind was partly due to Captain Takehara, the efficient new Japanese captain. A member of the Fukuin Maru church, a graduate of Captain Kobayashi’s navigation school, an earn­ est Christian and a tested captain of the first class, he is well qualified for his new duties and will be a great help to Mr. Steadman. His wife, for three years a teacher in Mrs. R. A. Thompson’s kindergarten at Kobe, is ready to do kindergarten and Sunday school work. The doors for aggressive evan­ gelistic work among the islands of the Inland Sea are wide open. The Mabie Memorial School and the Waseda University Within the last twelve months the Mabie Memorial School, an institution of high school grade, at Yokahama, has opened 42 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

its doors for the reception of students. The old Academy at seldom had more than one hundred students enrolled in the four classes. In April, 1919, when the Mabie Memorial School received students for the first-year class alone, more than three hundred applied for admission, only one-half of whom could be enrolled. It is believed that at least six hun­ dred students will be enrolled in this school by the time the fourth year course is offered, and it is hoped that by 1923 we shall be ready to begin the development of a commercial col­ lege in connection with the high school. The school at Yoko­ hama, on its magnificent site, promises to be one of the most useful institutions in Japan, where government officials have done much to help it because of its ability to inculcate Chris­ tian principles in the youth of the land. A large sum of money will be required in the near future to finish the main building and to erect other structures. The work at Waseda University continues to flourish and the blessing of God seems to have rested on it continually. It is a cause for gratitude that the largest university in Japan, which is controlled entirely by the Japanese, should welcome -o its teaching staff missionaries who are under appointment l>v our Societ}', should invite those missionaries to provide hostels for the students, which are pervaded by a strong Christian atmosphere, and should encourage them to use their utmost influence with the student body at large. We are greatly pleased that through the generosity of a Christian woman in California, we are enabled to erect a commodious guild hall, to be used as headquarters for the Christian student activities in WTaseda University. During the last year we purchased about two acres of land in close proximity to the campus of the University, where it is proposed to develop, as rapidly as resources will permit, a group of buildings which will enable us more adequately to meet the great op­ portunity at Waseda. During the year a Japanese Baptist young man, who had studied for several years in American colleges and theological seminaries, and had spent more than a year in Young Men’s Christian Association work in Europe 1920] GENERAL REVIEW 01' THE YEAR 43 during the war, returned for Christian service at Waseda University. Another Baptist Japanese student is returning o his own country this year fcr work at that institution. Only a few weeks ago a second missionary was appointed for service there. It is firmly believed that the work at Waseda, which has been so fruitful the last few years, will bring still larger results in the days to come. It presents an unusual opportunity.

The Evangelistic Emphasis in Japan Evangelism has always -been the fundamental ideal of American Baptists in their foreign mission work. In our Japan Mission this ideal is held strongly in every department of the work. Although institutional features are receiving large attention at the Tabernacle in Tokyo, and although it is proposed to give attention to the physical and intellectual needs of those who are crowding the new factory districts in various parts of Japan, the regeneration of the individual is the great objective and the gospel of Christ the great dynamic. During the year the Board enjoyed a visit from Rev. Paul Kanamori, one of the first converts of the modern Christian movement, who, within the last few years, has spoken in many cities of Japan, in the Hawaiian Islands, and to Japanese colonies in the Western States of America. Dur­ ing the last five years he has seen as many as forty-eight thousand Japanese express a personal interest in Christianity and declare their purpose to accept Christ as Saviour and to walk in His teachings. Without question, evangelistic mis­ sionaries are required in Japan in larger numbers than we have been able to supply.

Progress in the Philippine Islands Several new missionaries were sent to the Philippine Mis­ sion last year, among them a doctor and his wife, a family for educational work, and a young man for the evangelistic field. The sending of these recruits has furnished much encourage­ ment. In the Philippine Islands, a land where priestcraft and 44 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report formalism prevailed so strongly, there is very great need for constant emphasis on evangelism. At the same time it is necessary to strengthen very greatly our educational work. Christian schools are required for the development of evangeli­ cal Christian leaders. Our lafgest educational effort in the Islands is the Jaro Industrial School whose usefulness is seriously limited by reason of lack of equipment. And its faculty needs to be strengthened by the addition of other American teachers. The medical work at Iloilo has been conspicuously successful during the last three or four years. While the multitude of people have been relieved of physical suffering, many of them have also found spiritual consola­ tion and have been brought into personal relationship with Christ. At all of our stations the dormitories for students of government high schools furnish one of the best oppor­ tunities for influencing the lives of the Filipinos.

In the Heart of Africa During the years of war probably no mission of the Society suffered more than Belgian Congo. Necessarily a colony of Belgium must suffer in many ways when the mother country passes through such trials. For some reason American young people have not been anxious to volunteer for Africa and the men and women in the Congo who year after year have waited so patiently for reenforcements have been bitterly disappoint­ ed. During the last five years only one new family has re­ ceived regular appointment to the Congo mission. It would not have been strange had the mission force become utterly discouraged. Indeed, the morale of the heroic band has been severely tested. During the war buildings for which money had been given could not be erected. It was impossible to secure the proper building materials and mission builders were not available. Possibly no mission of the Society is more justly entitled to the sympathetic and prayerful support of the home constituency. It is to be hoped that the work in Congo can be greatly strengthened within the near future. A thorough industrial survey of Central Africa will soon 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 45 be undertaken. Among the primitive peoples of the Dark Continent trained leadership is essential. We have carried on a wide evangelistic work and many have come into Chris­ tian discipleship, but it is all too clear to-day that the results of evangelistic effort cannot be properly conserved without larger educational effort. Industrial education seems to be the next step in the development of our mission. Experience in the education of the Negro in America, as well as in the education of the white man, demonstrates that real labor is essential to the proper moral and intellectual development of any race. In Central Africa where the women are the real burdenbearers all traditions are opposed to manual labor on the part of men. A development of leadership in Africa and a self-supporting church requires a proper industrial life.

Preserving the health of the missionary The preservation of the health of the missionary has always been a matter of concern to the Board of Managers and dur­ ing the past year has been the subject of careful study. It is due the missionary who is called upon to work in a tropical country whose climatic environment makes severe drains upon his strength, and it is due the Society in the interests of missionary progress, that everything possible be done to safeguard and preserve the health of the missionaries. The Candidate Secretary, P. H. J. Lerrigo, M.D., who had seen active service as a medical missionary in the Philippines, was requested to make a thorough investigation. After cor­ respondence with missionaries, conferences with sanitariums, physicians and interviews with other Boards, the following plan was prepared and adopted:

1. The missionary candidate will undergo thorough physical examina­ tion before appointment. 2. After appointment and designation, and when the new missionary is about to sail for the field, a report regarding his health will be trans­ mitted to the physician upon the field to which he goes. 3. Missionaries will be expected to place themselves under the care of a physician, preferably the nearest medical missionary of our own 46 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

Society, immediately on arrival upon the field. The physician will mako a record of physical condition upon arrival. 4. The missionary will present himself for physical examination at least once a year, whether presenting any apparent symptoms of illness or not. The physician will record the condition found and the health history of the previous year. 5. When the missionary sails for home, whether on furlough or for other reasons, the physician will forward to the headquarters of the So­ ciety a careful statement of his physical condition, outlining the history o f the case and its treatment during the entire period upon the field. 6. As soon as possible after arriving in this country the missionary will enter one of several approved institutions for thorough examina­ tion, diagnosis and such immediate treatment as may be necessary. Recommendations will be made by the staff of the institution for a health regime during furlough and the missionary’s subsequent activi­ ties, such as study, deputation work, etc., will be adjusted to these pri­ mary health requirements. 7. The missionary will be given every opportunity to fulfill the health recommendations made, necessary operations will be arranged for, dental work attended to. residence in a sanitarium or rest home for a period made possible when necessary, in order that the largest measure of health may be regained for further service. 8. An examination at the close of the furlough will be instituted for the purpose of ascertaining the condition of the missionary’s health, ■whether the health recommendations have been carried out, and whether the missionary is in a proper state of health to return to the field. 9. A complete health history of the missionary’s furlough, including statement regarding hospital findings and treatment, with laboratory reports, will be sent the physician upon the field for his information, and the latter will take up the case, keeping a careful record as before for transmission to headquarters. So far as possible this routine shall be followed out in the case of missionaries’ children, as well as the missionaries themselves. Naturally all correspondence and reports passing between the physician upon the field and the medical examiner at home are considered confidential.

The Foreign Mission Influence of Prohibition in America

The success of prohibition in the United States made a deep impression upon I ndia. Not only has the government reduced the number of liquor licenses in some sections by increasing the tax, but the Indian rulers of Hyderabad and three other 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 47

important native states have during the past year issued pro­ nouncements favoring prohibition. A bill was introduced in the Imperial Legislative Council recommending total pro­ hibition in the use of alcohol and all intoxicating liquors and drugs. Although the resolution did not pass it received strong support by many prominent Indian members of the Imperial Legislative Council. Our own missionaries have felt the grow­ ing change in the attitude throughout India towards this sub­ ject and at the annual conference in Burma passed this resolution:

R e s o l v e d , t h a t, in the judgment of this conference, especially in v i e w of the fact that the overwhelming majority of Buddhists, Hindus, Moham­ medans, and Burmese and Indian Christians, condemn the use of alcoholic beverages on moral and religious grounds, the enactment of laws totally prohibiting the manufacture, possession or sale of alcoholic liquors and intoxicating drugs in Burma would be cordially welcomed by the great body of the people of this country and would b e a great step in advance in the cause of social progress and in the highest interests of all classes of the community.

In Assam and South India similar actions were taken as shown in the following:

R esolved: That we as a Conference reaffirm our conviction that drink and opium are among the greatest hindrances to the triumph of the gospel in Assam, and extend our heartiest support and co-operation to our Chief Commissioner, Sir Nicholas Beatson-Bell, in his attempts to limit the consumption of strong drink, opium, ganja, and similar drugs throughout the province.

V oted: That this Conference of the American Baptist Telugu Mis­ sion wishes to record its conviction that the present is an opportune time to agitate for the prohibition of the liquor traffic in the Indian Empire. The triumph of this reform in Canada and in the United States, and its progress throughout the world, and the rise of prohibition sentiment in India among Hindus and Mohammedans and the advocacy by national leaders, the advocacy of the reform by the National Mission­ ary Council of India and the launching of a “Movement” by the National Christian Endeavor leaders all indicate the timeliness of the question. The great danger of the spread of drunkenness in the Christian com­ munity makes the matter urgent. W e recommend that members of this Conference, seeking alliance with all favoring forces, endeavor to pro­ mote the reform by all means in their power. 48 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

Unoccupied Fields

It is to be hoped that in the next few years the number of young people volunteering for service abroad and the con­ tributions in money will be sufficient to enable the Society greatly to extend its work, especially into unoccupied fields adjacent to territory where we have already begun operations. There are large unoccupied areas contiguous to our mission fields in Africa, China, Japan and British India into which we should expand as rapidly as possible. There is additional territory in the Philippine Islands as well which we have promised to occupy. Perhaps our first responsibility, and largest immediate opportunity as well, with reference to un­ occupied areas, is in lands we have already entered. Here the basal work has already been done by the missionaries in acquiring the language of the people and learning their thought and customs, producing a Christian literature, establishing training institutions, and discovering native leaders for the more extensive effort. That would seem to be the natural and probably the most productive plan with reference to unoc­ cupied areas. Many of our constituency are entertaining the hope that the denomination's support of the New World Movement will be so hearty as to enable the Society within a very few years to give attention to some section of South America and some part of the Moslem world. Nevertheless it should be recognized that the first step toward a more extensive effort is the proper support of work already under­ taken, with a view to the development of native forces capable of self-propagation and missionary endeavor.

The Victory Campaign of Northern Baptist Laymen

In the fall of 1917, after America had entered the war and it became evident that the various missionary societies were facing unusual conditions and emergency needs because of the war, Mr. Ambrose Swasey, a well-known Baptist layman, called together a group of laymen in order to consider the general denominational situation. This conference was fol­ 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 49 lowed by other conferences and led to the organization of the National Committee of Northern Baptist Laymen. A cam­ paign for an extra million dollars was launched under the di­ rection of Mr. F. Wayland Ayer, Dr. Fred P. Haggard and Mr. Swasey and was brought to a successful conclusion in the spring of 1918. In view of this commendable achievement the Northern Baptist Convention at Atlantic City authorized the continua­ tion of the Laymen’s National Committee and requested them to undertake three distinct tasks, namely:

First, the quickening and upbuilding of spiritual life in the churches, and the securing of greater activity on the part of the laymen in the work of the churches. Secondly, such activity in meeting the financial needs of the Convention and its Societies as may be found desirable and practicable. Thirdly, a study of the general needs of the denomination from the standpoint of the laymen with a view to recommending a plan for securing more efficient cooperation in their finances between the Societies and Boards of the Convention, the results of this study, witk such recommen­ dations as the Committee deem best, to be embodied in a report to the Convention at its meeting in 1919.

In harmony with these instructions the laymen organized a great spiritual movement in the fall of 1918, culminating in the observance of Christian Enlistment Week and also an ex­ tensive financial campaign popularly known as “The Victory Campaign” in view of the victorious conclusion of the war. This campaign was intended to raise all the funds necessary for the missionary work of the denomination during the cur­ rent year. A total budget was fixed at six million dollars. The entire amount was secured, and in addition a considerable amount which could not be counted because it was designated by the donors for objects entirely outside the accepted budgets. So large a proportion was designated for the Ministers and Missionaries Benefit Board, that the other organizations could not receive the full amount of their budgets. The shortage thus to be borne by these other organizations amounted to $302,823.00. The budget of the Society was $1,637,273.00 of which $1,171,580.00 was for the regular working budget and 50 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

$465,693.00 was for specific needs for property and equipment including $50,000.00 for relief work in France and Belgium. As a result of the Campaign the entire working budget was provided for including the deficit of $446,318.21 of the previous year, and approximately $300,000.00 made available for the purchase of land and erection of buildings on the mission field. The exact total received directly by the Society and applied on the Victory Campaign, including $238,123.81 from legacies, matured annuities and the income of invested funds, was $1,016,515.87, and the amount received through the National Committee was $499,054.00. In addition more than $200,000.00 was received in gifts designated for property needs not in­ cluded in the Victory Campaign budget, so that the total re­ ceipts in connection with the Campaign amounted to over $1,700,000.00. The special gift of $1,000,000.00 by Mr. John D. Rockefeller to the permanent trust funds of the Society also came as a direct result of this Campaign. In all probability this significant achievement of the laymen will be recorded in future history as one more phase of the heroic and self-sacri­ ficing spirit so characteristic of the life of the entire nation during the period of the war. The denomination owes a debt of gratitude to our laymen for this service. At a meeting of the Board of Managers the following resolution in apprecia­ tion of the service rendered by the laymen was adopted un­ animously :

The Board of Managers of the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society desires to record its hearty appreciation of the service rendered to the denomination and in particular to the cause of foreign missions by the National Committee of Northern Baptist Laymen in conducting to a successful completion the Victory Campaign for $6,000,000.00. While the designation of gifts to one organization in excess of its accepted budget resulted in the others receiving less than the amounts submitted and accepted, the total sum raised far exceeded the income of all of the co­ operating Societies and Boards in any previous year. In addition to direct receipts of $1,016,515.87 which included $238,123.81 from legacies, matured annuities and income of invested funds, the Society received through the National Committee the sum of $499,054.00 or a total of $1,515,569.87 applicable to the accepted budget of $1,637,273.00. More than $200,000.00 in other fund's designated for objects not included in the budget was 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 51 received by the Society, and the special gift of $1,000,000.00 made by Mr. John D. Rockefeller to the Society for its permanent trust funds also came as a direct result of the Campaign. These receipts enabled the Society to meet all obligations incurred for the regular work of the year and to apply more than $500,000.00 to the purchase of land and erection of greatly needed buildings in all of the mission fields. The Board is deeply grateful for the work of the Committee both on account of the increased resources actually made available and because of the fact that the Victory Campaign and the previous Campaign for “an extra million dollars” have made possible the present New World Move­ ment Campaign for $100,000,000.00 for the missionary and educational work of the denomination.

This resolution was incorporated in the permanent records of the Board and a copy sent to every member of the National Committee of Northern Baptist Laymen.

The General Board of Promotion

In harmony with the third task assigned to the National Committee of Northern Baptist Laymen an exhaustive study of the entire missionary and educational work of the de­ nomination was made by a special Committee on Survey and was presented in that remarkable document at the Northern Baptist Convention at Denver in May, 1919. The committee stated that the needs of the denomination covering a period of five years would involve an expenditure of approximately eighty-five million dollars. The Convention however voted that the amount be fixed at One Hundred Million Dollars to provide for additional emergency needs and to make possible a more substantial permanent endowment for the Ministers and Missionaries Benefit Board. Thus there came into exis­ tence a budget of One Hundred Million Dollars which to previous generations of Baptists would have seemed utterly inconceivable. The National Committee of Northern Baptist Laymen, through another special committee, known as the Committee of Five, furthermore recommended the creation of a General Board of Promotion as the agency through which the One Hundred Million Dollar budget was to be raised. For a number of years the denomination had been grow­ 52 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report ing increasingly insistent that there should be greater unity and coordination in the promotion of interest in the work of the several missionary and educational agencies related to the Convention and in the raising of funds for the support of that work. The two unified campaigns under the leadership of the laymen in the years 1917-18 and 1918-19 had demon­ strated the possibility of larger cooperation on the part of denominational organizations in the work of disseminating information and securing funds. The Denver Convention in adopting the report of the Committee of Five made this co­ operative effort an integral part of the denominational activity by creating the General Board of Promotion. This Board was designed to take over from the national Societies and Boards, to a substantial degree, the work of disseminating in­ formation, cultivating the constituency, and securing the funds necessary for their support, leaving to each of these organizations the task of administering the specific work with which they are respectively charged. It was recognized as a fundamental principle in the func­ tioning of the General Board of Promotion that the Board is not to be an organization wholly apart from and unrelated to the national Societies and Boards, but that it is to be the agency through which these Societies and Boards under the leadership of the Convention itself cooperate for the perform­ ance of duties which they have hitherto carried on by them­ selves or in loose and not wholly satisfactory cooperation. This conception of the relation of the General Board of Promotion to the national Societies and Boards of the Conven­ tion, while necessary on the one hand to conserve the relative independence of these organizations required both on legal and psychological grounds, demands on the other hand that all the cooperating organizations maintain a very close and help­ ful relation to the General Board of Promotion in order that the work of the Board may reach its highest effectiveness. Applied to the Foreign Mission Society, this principle means in brief that the General Board of Promotion has taken over a large part of the work which hitherto has been done by the 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 53

Home Department under the leadership of such Home Secre­ taries as Dr. H. C. Mabie, Dr. F. P. Haggard and Dr. J. Y. Aitchison The Board of Promotion has been organized and includes several departments, each under the direction of a secretary, as follows: Survey and Statistics, Frank W. Padel- ford, D .D .; Stewardship and Prayer, E. M. Poteat, D .D .; Life Work, R. M. WTest, D .D .: Conferences and Conventions, Hugh A. Heath, D .D .; Publicity, Frank W. Padelford, D .D .; The General Director is J. Y. Aitchison, D.D., formerly Home Secretary of the Society. It is eminently fitting that a man who had achieved such conspicuous success as Flome Secre­ tary and who has so statesmanlike a conception of the mis­ sionary task as a whole should have been elected to the important position which he now occupies. Each National Board and Society has four representatives on the General Board of Promotion, the representatives of the Society being Frederick L. Anderson, D.D., Chairman of the Board, Frederick E. Taylor, D.D., Selden W. Cummings, D.D. and Treasurer George B. Huntington. Dr. Anderson and Mr. Huntington also represent the Society on the Admin­ istrative Committee of the Board of Promotion. The Board is co-operating heartily and enthusiastically in the plans of the Board of Promotion and has every confidence that the New World Movement of Northern Baptists will con­ stitute a worthy and significant denominational achievement.

The Interchurch World Movement

Mention was made in the report of last year regarding the Interchurch World Movement, its origin, its organization* and its purpose. Cooperation on the part of Northern Baptists with this interdenominational movement was authorized by the Northern Baptist Convention at Denver in May, 1919, subject to certain conditions. Through the General Board of Promotion as its agent, the Society during the year has cooperated with the Interchurch 54 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

World Movement. On its General Committee the Society has been represented by Foreign Secretary Joseph C. Robbins and Treasurer George B. Huntington. Three meetings of this General Committee were held, in May and in September 1919, and in January, 1920, at which the plans and activities of the Movement received a most thorough consideration. An­ other meeting of the General Committee is scheduled during the first month of the new fiscal year, at which it is expected that the program for the coming year will be outlined. Mis­ sionaries of the Society have rendered large service, both in making the survey on the foreign field and in promoting in­ terest through deputation work at home. Missionaries, offi­ cers and members of the Board participated in the series of inspirational state and county conferences, which were held throughout the country during the winter months. The outstanding event in the year's activity of the Inter­ church World Movement was undoubtedly the World Sur­ vey Conference which met at Atlantic City, New Jersey, in January, 1920, and which was attended by more than fifteen hundred officially appointed delegates, representing approxi­ mately thirty Protestant denominations in America. Several days were devoted to an intensive study of the world mission­ ary opportunities at home and abroad, as revealed by the remarkable and carefully prepared surveys. The obligations resting upon American for meeting these op­ portunities through the enlistment of life, the promotion of stewardship and beneficence and a revival of intercession re­ ceived considerable attention. Although the difficulties confronted by the Interchurch World Movement have at times seemed almost insuperable and although the problems frequently presented for solution have seemed so perplexing as to be almost insoluble, it has nevertheless seemed clear to those intimately related with the work of the Movement that American Protestantism Avas being led forward into a united, cooperative effort for the winning of the world to Christ. While it lias been demon­ 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 55 strated that cooperation among Protestant denominations is subject to certain limitations and conditions which must be recognized if the highest efficiency and the maximum success are to be assured, it has also been shown that any denomina­ tion may cooperate with other Christian bodies in surveying the world and its needs, in conducting a simultaneous financial campaign in order to meet those needs, and in other activities, without surrendering its own integrity or yielding any de­ nominational principle. As this report is written, the simul­ taneous financial campaign scheduled for April 25 to May 2 is in progress and it is hoped that complete reports as to the outcome will be available at the meeting of the Northern Bap­ tist Convention at Buffalo, New York, in June.

Interdenominational Relationships

The Board has continued relationships with the Foreign Missions Conference and its Committee of Reference and Counsel, of which Foreign Secretary Joseph C. Robbins is a member; the Student Volunteer Movement, on whose Execu­ tive Committee Foreign Secretary Joseph C. Robbins was recently elected chairman to succeed Dr. John R. Mott; and the Board of Missionary Preparation on which the Society is represented by Candidate Secretary P. H. J. Lerrigo and Professor Henry B. Robins of the Board ofc* Managers and other interdenominational organizations which are identified with the foreign mission task. These associations have not only furnished helpful counsel to the Board in its direction of the work of the Society in relation to the whole task of world evangelism, but have also enabled the Board through its representatives to make important contributions to the progress of the missionary enterprise in its larger interde­ nominational aspects.

Relations with Foreign Speaking Baptists

Substantial contributions toward the work of the Society are received each year from foreign speaking Baptist churches. 56 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

This beneficence is also accompanied by contributions of life, for there are at the present time twenty-six missionaries in the service of the Society who have come from German speak­ ing Baptist churches, and forty-four missionaries who have come from Swedish speaking Baptist churches. In both cases these totals include missionaries of the Woman’s So­ ciety. The Board rejoices in the friendly cooperation and the fraternal fellowship which characterize the relationship with conferences representing these foreign speaking bodies. During the year plans have been under consideration with the Swedish Conference for a more intimate contact with mission stations and missionaries towrard whose support the contributions from Swedish churches may be applied.

Removal of Headquarters to New York Although the actual removal of the headquarters of the Society will occur during the next year, it is essential to record here the steps leading up to this exceptionally im­ portant and significant change. At the annual meeting of the Society held in Denver, Colorado, May 26, 1919, the following action was taken:

V oted: That the Board of Managers be given full power to make changes in the headquarters o f the Society including the removal from Boston if in the judgment of the Board such changes should seem neces­ sary in the interests of thorough cooperation and efficiency in the work of the Board of Promotion. In harmony with this authorization the Board at the meeting in June voted to remove the headquarters of the Society to New York City in the event that the headquarters of the General Board of Promotion were also to be established in that city. The creation of the General Board of Promotion as the agency of the Convention and of all its cooperating Societies and Boards for the dissemination of information re­ garding the work of the Societies and Boards and for raising the funds necessary to support that work made it necessary in the judgment of the Board for the Foreign Mission Society to have its executive offices in the same city and if possible in 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 57 connection with those of the General Board of Promotion and the other cooperating- organizations. At a meeting held in July the General Board of Promotion voted to establish its headquarters in New York City and also adopted the follow­ ing resolution regarding the removal of the Society:

In view of the selection of New York City as headquarters of the new denominational organization initiated at Denver, the General Board of P r o m o t i o n records its conviction that in the i n t e r e s t s of economy and efficiency the headquarters of the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society should be removed from Boston to New York. W e have reached this conclusion most reluctantly. For more than one hundred years the word “Boston” has suggested interest in and devotion to the task of world redemption to many Northern Baptists. Through all these years, New England Baptists have extended a charming hospitality to the offi­ cers of our great Society for work in foreign lands. No section of our country has surpassed and few have equalled New England in sacrificial devotion to the work of carrying the gospel to the non-Christian world. Only the most imperative reasons could warrant us in ending this de­ lightful relationship, and we shall never cease to be profoundly grateful to the Baptists of New England for the long-continued and gracious hos­ pitality shown to the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society.

At the October meeting of the Board the whole subject was carefully recanvassed and the action taken in June was re­ affirmed. Removal in the fall was found to be impossible because suitable and sufficient office space could not be ob­ tained even for the Board of Promotion. During January, however, negotiations were entered into which resulted in the leasing of the seventh, eighth, ninth and tenth floors (the upper four floors j of what was formerly the Holland Hotel, 276 Fifth Avenue at the corner of Thirtieth Street, now being remodeled as an office building. The location is admirable, being accessible to the railroad stations as well as near the headquarters of most of the large missionary organizations lo­ cated in New York. The building is most substantial and attractive in appearance and will prove very satisfactory. There will be brought together under this one roof the General Board of Promotion, the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society, the Woman’s American Baptist Home Mis­ sion Society, the American Baptist Publication Society (New 58 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

York Branch), the Ministers and Missionaries Benefit Board, the Board of Education, the New York State Convention and the New York State Board of Promotion. The Woman’s American Baptist Foreign Mission Society finds it necessary to await the formal action of its Board of Managers at the annual meeting at the time of the Convention in June before announcing its final plans, but it is fully expected that the Woman's Society also will move its offices from Boston to New York. The American Baptist Home Mission Society remains at its present location on East Twenty-sixth Street, only four blocks away. The two Foreign Societies will occupy the eighth floor of the Holland Building. The General Board of Promotion will occupy the ninth and part of the tenth floor and the Publication Society’s book store will be on the seventh floor. The new headquarters will be established in New York by the time of the Northern Baptist Convention. In addition to closer cooperation with the Board of Promo­ tion and the other Societies and Boards, several minor advant­ ages will be gained by the change. Service to missionaries in purchasing, assembling and shipping goods will be materially improved. Delays incident to the extra handling of goods in Boston will be eliminated. Immediate contact with ship­ ping agents will help to secure promptness in delivery and shipment. Better sendee will be secured in passage arrange­ ments, especially when the route to India by way of the Atlantic and the Mediterranean again becomes available. The Society leaves Boston not without many regrets and genuine sorrow. Its headquarters were established in Boston in 1826 and in the period of over ninety years that has passed, the Society and its work have become very deeply rooted in the lives and affections of the Baptists in New England. Their interest will continue and enlarge even though the head­ quarters have been removed.

Change in Fiscal Year

For several years increasing embarrassment has been ex­ perienced because the fiscal year of the Northern Baptist Con­ 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 59 vention and the National Societies and Boards has closed in the spring while the fiscal year of the large majority of the State Conventions has closed in the fall. Moreover the clos­ ing of the fiscal year of the National Societies and Boards on March 31 has meant the almost total loss of the spring months for intensive campaigning. Because of the Convention meet­ ing in May it is difficult to begin aggressive work in the new year’s campaign until the following fall. By practically unani­ mous action on the part of the State Conventions as well as by all of the National Societies and Boards the date of closing of the fiscal year has been changed from March 31 to April 30. This means that April which is a good campaign month is placed at the end of the year where it can be utilized to the full instead of at the beginning where it has been as good as lost. The year 1919-1920 has been therefore a thirteen-month year. To provide for the expenditure of this thirteenth month the Finance Committee of the General Board of Promotion authorized the addition of one twelfth of the estimated expense to the budget of the year. This condition will naturally re­ adjust itself next year.

District Secretaryships

The transfer of so large a part of the promotional work of the Society heretofore done by the Home Department to the General Board of Promotion and the establishment of State Promotion Boards in all the states of the Northern Baptist Convention has obviously involved a substantial adjustment in the District Secretarial plan. In previous years several states were grouped into districts, each under the direction of a District Secretary, whose responsibilities were the promo­ tion of interest and beneficence and the collection of funds. Accordingly the Society begins the work of the new fiscal year without the familiar list of District Secretaries who have here­ tofore presented the work of the Society to its constituency. Fortunately for the progress of the denomination, the effi­ ciency and the rich experience of these district representatives have been conserved and their services related to the new 60 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

Board of Promotion. Three District Secretaries—A. W. Rider, D.D., A. M. Petty, D.D., and Frank Peterson, D.D.— have been appointed general representatives of the Board of Promotion. R. E. Farrier, D.D., and W. G. Russell, D.D., have been elected as the State Promotion Directors respec­ tively in New York and Pennsylvania. Rev. William A. Hill resigned as Joint District Secretary in New England in order to become the new Secretary of the Department of Missionary Education in the Board of Education. John S. Stump, D.D., after eleven years of loyal and efficient service in West Vir­ ginia, resigned as Joint District Secretary in order to become Assistant Secretary of the Home Mission Society in its Depart­ ment of Church Edifice. G. W. Cassidy, D.D., resigned as Joint District Secretary of the Southwestern District in order to accept the unanimous call as pastor of the First Baptist Church of Sioux City, Iowa, and began his work on January 1, 1920. Several changes also occurred in the list of state col­ lecting agents,—E. M. Lake, D.D., having resigned as State Superintendent of Missions in Michigan in order to become pastor of the State Street Baptist Church of Springfield, Massachusetts: A. S. Carman, D.D., having resigned as State Collecting Agent in Illinois in order to enter the service of the General Board of Promotion in its Department of Conferences and Conventions. The Board has placed on record its grate­ ful appreciation of the valuable and devoted service rendered by these District Secretaries and State Representatives. Their tasks during this year of readjustment have been unusually difficult and complex, especially owing to the changes in or­ ganization and the establishment of an entirely new promo­ tional plan in the interests of denominational enterprises.

General Representatives

As a further step in the new promotional organization of the denomination, the Board has appointed four general rep­ resentatives, namely, A. W. Rider, D.D., A. M. Petty, D.D., Frank Peterson, D.D., and J. E. Norcross, D.D. Of these the first three have served previously as Joint District Secretaries 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 61 of the Foreign Mission Society and the Home Mission Society, while Dr. Norcross has served as District Secretary of the Publication Society. Several considerations have made neces­ sary the creation of this new office of general representative. Candidates for appointment as missionaries frequently need to be interviewed by a representative of the Society prior to the formal consideration of their application by the Board. Prop­ erty belonging to the Society in various parts of the country requires attention and supervision. Friends of the Society in making their wills or in applying for Annuity Agreements find themselves in need of assistance and advice which is not easily obtainable through correspondence. For such purposes general field representatives are necessary. It should be un­ derstood that their full time is not required by the Society as they have also been appointed general representatives of the Board of Promotion.

State Promotion Directors

The organization of the General Board of Promotion in­ volved also the organization in each state of the Northern Baptist Convention of a State Board of Promotion under the direction of a State Promotion Director. In previous years eight states were operating for promotional purposes under the single collecting agency plan, while the other states were grouped into several districts, each district under the direction of a District Secretary. Under the new arrangement each state now has a modification of the single collecting agency plan and the State Promotion Director is regularly appointed as an agent of the Society with authority to receive and receipt for funds for its work. A complete list of the State Promotion Directors is published elsewhere. The successful establish­ ment of this great promotional organization in so short a time and its efficient operation constitute one of the most remarkable achievements in our denominational history. The service of these new agents, especially in view of their triple relationships with their constituencies, with the General Board of Promotion and with the National Societies, and inkview of 62 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report the great demands made upon them during the financial campaign for One Hundred Million Dollars, is worthy of every commendation and appreciation.

Deputation Work of Missionaries

The Board records again its grateful appreciation of the valuable service rendered by missionaries at home on furlough in promoting a larger interest in the work of the Society. It is impossible to indicate the large number of churches, asso­ ciation meetings, conventions and conferences which during the past year have had the pleasure of listening to addresses by missionaries. Such service on their part may indeed be said to be voluntary, for the primary object of a missionary’s furlough is to enable him to recover strength and health and to secure additional preparation for his return to the field. In view of the new plans of the denomination, whereby the promotion of interest and beneficence in the work of all mis­ sionary causes has been placed under the direction of the Gen­ eral Board of Promotion, the Board of Managers has trans­ ferred to the Board of Promotion responsibility for and di­ rection of the deputation work of missionaries at home on furlough. In authorizing this transfer of responsibility, the Board of Managers felt that the following principles should be taken into consideration:

1. All questions regarding the retention at home of missionaries sched­ uled to return at the expiration of furloughs, or the early return of mis­ sionaries from the field prior to the normal date of furloughs, when such retention or such return is desired for special deputation work, should be referred to the Board of Managers. 2. Only such missionaries shall be used for deputation work as arc designated by the J'.oard of Managers for that purpose, and only during the time for which they may be released. 3. Prior to the assignment of any individual missionaries for special deputation work, the Board of Promotion shall be expected to corres­ pond with the Board of Managers and to make no direct approaches to the missionaries. 4. It is understood that missionaries engaging in deputation work shall emphasize in their public addresses the ioreign mission enterprise and 1920J GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 63 ihe work of the Foreign Mission Society, including its relation to the Board of Promotion. 5. The Board of Promotion will inform the Board of Managers regu­ larly concerning the geographical location and character of service ren­ dered by the missionaries. 6. The Board of Managers may arrange occasional appointments for missionaries direct, when such seem advisable, after consultation with the Board of Promotion.

The following missionaries have engaged in this service:

Rev. W . E. Bailey; Rev. P. R. Bakeman; W . W Bartlett; Rev. Wheelei Boggess; Rev. A. M. Boggs; Rev. S. A. D. Boggs; Rev. C. E. Bousfielid; Rev. A. C. Bovvers; Rev. G. H. Brock; Rev. C. L. Bromley; N. W . Brown, M. D .; Rev. George Campbell; Rev. R. T. Capen; N. H. Carman; Rev. Elbert Chute; Rev. I. B. Clark; Rev. C. A. Collett; Rev. E. C. Condict; R. P. Currier; Rev. W . S. Davis; David Downie, D .D .; Rev. William Dring; Rev. H. E. Dudley; M. D. Eubank, M. D .; Rev. John Firth; Rev. J. A. Foote; Rev. H. I. Frost; H. C. Gibbens, M. D .; Rev. D. C. Graham; Rev. Ernest Grigg; P. R. Hackett; Rev. Ola Hanson; Rev. W . H. S. Hascall; Rev. L. W . Hattersley; Rev. J. Heinrichs; Rev. E. S. Hildreth; Rev. D. C. Holtom ; Rev. J. A. Howard; R. L. Howard; J. C. Humphreys, M. D .; G. A . Huntley, M. D .; Rev. E. E. Jones; Rev. F. H. Knollin; D. H. Kulp, I I ; Rev. Frank Kurtz; J. V . Latimer, D .D .; Rev. J. T. Latta; C. B. Lesher, M. D .; Franklin P. Lynch, M. D .; Rev. P. A. McDiarmid; John McGuire, D .D .; Rev. A. V. Marsh; Rev. H. I. Marshall; L. E. Martin; Rev. P. C. Metzger; S. E. Miner; Rev. P. E. Moore; Rev. H. W Hunger; H. R. Murphy, M. D .; Rev. A. I. Nasmith; H. W . Newman, M. D .; H. J. Openshaw; Rev. Joseph Paul; Rev. W il­ liam Pettigrew; Rev. Henry Richards; Rev. J. F. Russell; Rev. J. H. Scott; Rev. A. E. Seagrave; Rev. F. K. Singiser; H. \Y. Smith; Rev. L. C. Smith; W . A. Stanton, D .D .; C. E. Tompkins, M. D .; Prof. Henry Topping; Rev. A. J. W eeks; Rev. T. V. W itter; Rev. W . M. Young. Many of these missionaries have done this highly important service in addition to the time spent in study at various edu­ cational institutions, and under these circumstances their en­ deavors in presenting the missionary enterprise to our con­ stituency is worthy of special commendation.

The Stereopticon Department Another adjustment involved in the organization of the General Board of Promotion was the transfer of the Stereopti- 64 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

con Department of the Society to New York. In previous years the Society had maintained its own Stereopticon De­ partment in connection with its Literature Department and had circulated through the several district offices approxi­ mately sixty illustrated lectures describing the work of the Society on its various fields. In some years these had been used as many as seven hundred times during the year. In view of the unification of promotional work for the various missionary organizations under the General Board of Promo­ tion, the stereopticon equipment— slides and photographic negatives—were transferred to New York and the lectures are now circulated through the various State Promotion of­ fices. New lectures are now prepared by the Board of Pro­ motion in consultation with the officers of the Society.

The Board of Managers At the organization meeting of the Board of Managers held in Boston in June, 1919, Herbert J. White, D.D., of Hart­ ford, Connecticut, Mr. William T. Sheppard of Lowell, Massa­ chusetts and Mr. William B. Lipphard of the secretarial staff were reelected respectively as Chairman, Vice-Chairman and Recording Secretary. In October a vacancy occurred in the membership of the Board, which occasioned considerable sor­ row and regret. Owing to the enormous pressure of duties in his great church. Dr. Herbert J. White found it necessary to present his resignation, which was accepted with deep reluctance. As a token of appreciation of his services, the Board placed on record the following resolution:

In accepting the resignation of Dr. Herbert J. White, both from the chairmanship and as a member of the Board of Managers of the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society, the Board desires to express its deep appreciation of the service which he has rendered. In point of service he is the oldest member of this Board, becoming associated with it October 7, 1901, as a member of the Executive Com­ mittee of the American Baptist Missionary Union. Resigning Novem­ ber 13, 1905, because of his removal to Tacoma, Washington, he was reelected in May, 1910, and has served continuously since that time. In 1909 he was invited to go on the Sudan Commission but had to 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE Yl^AR 65 decline. The record of his service on other commissions and im­ portant committees would be quite a complete history of the Board during these years. He brought to this work a great consecration to the missionary cause, with a fervent zeal and love for Christ and the Kingdom like that of the missionaries themselves. No member has been more faith­ ful,’ and no one, even among those living near by, has been more un­ remitting in his attendance at the meetings of the Board. He was made chairman of the Board June 21, 1916. He brought to that important office a wide knowledge of missionary problems. He knew the missionaries themselves, their personalities and records, and often by this knowledge alone was able to make the way smoother, both for them and for the Board. His chairmanship has also been marked by the most cordial, fraternal relations with the members of the Board. He has been a beloved brother, with whom it was a joy to labor and who by reason of his years of experience could wisely lead the Board. A man of love and prayer, with wide sympathy and large wisdom, the Board of Managers accepts his resignation with the greatest rcluctance and profound regret. Only the imperative demands of a great and grow­ ing pastorate could justify it. But these conditions being present, the Board can only acquiesce and wish him Godspeed.

To fill the vacancy in the chairmanship, the Board elected Professor Frederick L. Anderson, D.D., of Newton Theo­ logical Institution, as Chairman, and to fill the vacancy in its membership, the Board elected Mr. Fred T. Field of Boston. A.t the present time out of twenty-eight members, the Board of Managers consists of three lawyers, four bankers, four edu­ cators, one public official, one editor, three manufacturers, one minister's wife and eleven preachers. Elsewhere will be found a complete list of the members of the Board. The generous courtesy of Baptist churches, institutions and business cor­ porations in making it possible for members of the Board to accept responsibility of membership and to devote their time and strength to the tasks and problems involved, is worthy of cordial appreciation. The attendance at Board meetings during the year has been unusually large.

Rules of the Board of Managers. At the organization meeting of the Board, held in June, a special committee was appointed to revise the rules of pro­ 66 AMERICA^' BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

cedure in the transaction of business of the Board. Thest rules were carefully studied and a number of important changes were authorized. Larger responsibility has been as­ signed to thfe several standing committees, so that more time is now available in the full meetings of the Board for the con­ sideration of matters of policy and questions of larger im­ portance. Under the revised rules the business of the Board is handled expeditiously and efficiently, and the confidence of the denomination may be assured in the careful and conscien­ tious management of its foreign mission enterprise.

Board Meetings With two exceptions, the meetings of the Board of Man­ agers have been held at the headquarters of the Society in Boston. The meeting in May was held at Denver, during the week of the Northern Baptist Convention; and the meet­ ing in January, was held at New Haven, on the day preceding the annual Foreign Missions Conference as in .previous years. Throug-h this arrangement the officers and several members of the Board were able to remain for these important meet­ ings, when the larger questions of policy, opportunities, needs, unoccupied fields and other important matters affecting the work of all denominations were carefully reviewed.

Secretarial Staff One important change took place during the year in the secretarial staff. At the meeting of the Executive Committee held in Boston, July 9, 1919, J. Y. Aitchison, D.D., presented his resignation as Home Secretary of the Society in order to accept his election as General Director of the General Board of Promotion. For purposes of record his letter of resignation is published herewith:

July 9, 1919. To the Board of Managers of the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society: Dear Friends: W e are passing through one of those eventful periods o f history in which changes which would ordinarily require long years are effected in a 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 67 day. The war has made the world plastic. Not the least of its contribu­ tions to the welfare of humanity is the revelation it has given to us of the inadequacy of our Christian program. Some may shut their eyes to con­ ditions and say, if they wish, “It is nothing to me.” But the fact remains that the responsibility of the Church of Christ is vastly greater today and universally more apparent than it was before the war. The sense of urgency and of inescapable duty to God and humanity is more acute in the minds of Christian leaders. This conviction is also shared by multi­ tudes outside the organized forces of Christianity. A program of activity adequate to new conditions is therefore an obvious necessity. The National Committee of Northern Baptist Laymen was requested at the Northern Baptist Convention at Atlantic City in May 1918, to study the needs of the various societies and boards of the Convention, with a view to leading our people to a larger part in the work of the 'King­ dom at home and abroad. The report of the Survey Committee, presented at the Convention in Denver in May 1919, is generally recognized by our own people, as well as by leaders in other church bodies, as one of the greatest documents of its kind ever produced. Our profound gratitude is due to Dr. Frank W . Padelford as Chairman, and to the other members of the Survey Committee, for their careful and thorough study of the needs of the fields in which Northern Baptists are or should be work­ ing. The very effective manner in which the report of the Survey Com­ mittee was presented will make it a source of information and inspiration to our great Northern Baptist constituency. The hearty and prayerful spirit with which the Denver Convention received the report and ac­ cepted its challenge to the larger Baptist task, including the raising of $100,000,000 during the next few years, for the extension of our work, was taken by every one present as an unmistakable evidence of divine leadership in this new era. The National Committee of Northern Baptist Laymen was also in­ structed by the Northern Baptist Convention at Atlantic City to make a careful study of our organizations, with a view to devising plans, which might increase the effectiveness of our work. The report of the Com­ mittee of Five, of which Professor Ernest D. Burton was Chairman, calling for the creation of the General Board of Promotion, the hearty and unanimous vote of the Denver Convention, receiving and adopting the report, without changes, is one of the modern miracles, showing the possibility of democracy united under the leadership of the spirit of God. The creation of the General Board of Promotion marks a new epoch in our history. A new order of procedure has been established. Formerly cach of the seven interests centering in the Northern Baptist Convention has been charged with responsibility for the raising of funds for the work of its own society or board. O f necessity under such conditions over­ lapping of methods has been apparent. The new plan makes it possible for the missionary' societies and boards of the Convention to administer 68 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report the work which the denomination has entrusted to their care, while it becomes the duty of the General Board of Promotion to raise the funds needed. The work of the National Committee of Northern Baptist Laymen, which grew out of a conference of representative laymen, called together by Mr. Ambrose Swasey of Cleveland, developed into a movement of historical significance for Northern Baptists. By far the heaviest burden and responsibility for the accomplishment of the task to which our lay­ men have given attention, has rested upon Mr. F. Wayland Ayer, Chair­ man of the Committee, Mr. Ambrose Swasey, Treasurer, and Dr. Fred P. Haggard, the General Director, to whose constant and untiring efforts the denomination owes a debt of gratitude, the full significance of which coming years alone will reveal. These men have been the heralds of the new day. When at Denver the name of your Home Secretary was recommended for the position of General Director of the new Board, I realized at once that the responsibilities resting upon the one who holds this position are so great and my fitness for the larger duties so inadequate, that, as you will recall, I shrank from the task, and at my most earnest request, the General Board of Promotion withdrew my name from further con­ sideration. A larger Nominating Committee was then appointed to study anew the whole question of the executive staff of the General Board of Promotion. This committee reported the findings at a meeting of the Board held in Chicago July 2 and 3 and recommended that a much larger staff of officers be elected, in order to make effective our denominational program in its high spiritual, educational and financial objectives. It was tny earnest hope and desire that the denomination would place upon other and more capable shoulders the responsibilities which devolve upon the General Director of this Board. But in obedience to the appeal of my brethren, who believed it to be my duty to accept this position, and in response to what I conceded to be my obligation to my Master and to our great Baptist brotherhood, I finally consented to accept this position. In accordance with this action, it now becomes my duty,—per­ formed with the utmost reluctance,— to sever my connection with the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society, and hence I present my resig­ nation as your Home Secretary, the resignation to take effect at such time as the Executive Committee may deem proper. The work of the Society is so dear to my heart, my association with my colleagues on the adminis­ trative staff so wholesome and helpful and my contact with the Board, our district representatives and missionaries so “uniformly sympathetic, that the severing of this relationship is necessarily most painful to me. The three years in which I have had the honor and joy of serving your Board have been the richest years of my life. My horizon has been greatly broadened, my soul enriched and my affection for the cause of Christ strengthened. I had hoped 1 might be allowed to remain with you. And 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR now it is needless to say that nothing but the highest sense of duty could induce me to yield to the urgent demand that I accept this position of high trust and responsibility. There is a sense, however, in which this action does not mean the dis­ continuance of my connection with your Society, but rather while main­ taining my contact with you and your work, under a new relationship, I shall also be brought into closer cooperation with all the other societies and boards of the Northern Baptist Convention. This is an honor and a joy which calls for my highest devotion. With fullest assurance to my colleagues and entire office staff at the headquarters of the Society, the missionaries and the members of the Board of my highest esteem, confidence and love, and with deepest grati­ tude for the inspiration of their fellowship, I am Sincerely yours, J. Y . A it c h is o n , Home Secretary.

The Board accepted his resignation with reluctance and deep regret and placed on record the following resolutions:

W h ereas our Home Secretary, John Y. Aitchison, D.D., has tendered his resignation as Home Secretary of the American Baptist Foreign Mis­ sion Society to accept the newly created office of General Director of the Board of Promotion of the Northern Baptist Convention, and W h erea s our Board, through its Executive Committee, on July 9, 1919, regretfully accepted Dr. Aitchison’s resignation, to take effect, July 31, 1919 Therefore, be it resolved: That as a Board of Managers on be­ half of ourselves, the secretarial staff, our Society and our entire con­ stituency at home and abroad, we hereby express our deep regret and sorrow that our beloved fellow laborer and honored leader must sever his official relation with us. W e cannot adequately express our admira­ tion for Dr. Aitchison as a man or our affection for him as a brother. Our fellowship with him in the years past has been “like that above” and our service together in the great tasks of our Society and the King­ dom has meant constantly deepening joy and inspiration. Coming to us from a conspicuously successful work as District Secretary in Illinois, he has made a notable contribution as a foreign mission leader. His colleagues testify that he never spared himself, presenting to them always a good example of how a man could spend his physical strength and his spiritual power for the good of a cause. The winsomeness of his character is combined with a driving power that is irresistible; his sympathy is matched by his wisdom and largeness of vision. One of his colleagues speaks of his sincerity and readiness to go to the limit for whatever he thinks is right. Another in endeavoring to summarize 70 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report the outstanding features of Dr, Aitchison’s work, speaks first, of his spiritual emphasis; second, of his recognition of the work of other or­ ganizations; third, faith in our constituency; fourth, the power to make friends by personal contact; and fifth, capacity for leadership. Many other personal words have been spoken, which we should be glad to in­ corporate in these minutes, if space permitted. It is evident that with such a man the personal bonds that have been formed should become exceedingly strong, and we therefore contemplate his leaving us with the keenest sense of loss and sorrow. It was not easy to give him up, even for the greater denominational task to which he has been called. W e hope that Baptists everywhere will recognize our ac­ quiescence to his departure as a sincere desire to contribute our best, even to the point of sacrifice, to the success of the newly organized Board of Promotion, and to the widest interests of the Kingdom of God. The solemnity of the present hour in its relation to the great cause of world wide missions, and the providential leadings toward cooperation among the Protestant bodies of America make us feel deeply the insistent de­ mand that comes to our denomination for competent leaders of proved capacity and unquestioned spiritual vision to help us make all our power and resources available to Jesus Christ our Lord. For such a task we confidently believe our brother Dr. Aitchison, with God’s help, is suffi­ cient, and to such a task we cannot refuse to commend him. To our gratitude and love for Dr. Aitchison, we add our sanguine hopes and our fervent prayers for his continued success in the new office to which he has gone, assuring him of our constant and utmost cooperation.

In view of the vacancy created by this resignation, the Board elected Assistant Secretary William B. Lipphard as Associate Secretary and assigned to him temporarily the re­ sponsibility for directing the work in the Home Department. All the executive officers have cooperated with the Board of Promotion and have given a large amount of their time and energy during the year in earn ing out the plans of the Xew World Movement. Foreign Secretaries Dr. James H. Franklin and Dr. Joseph C. Robbins and Candidate Secretary P. H. J. Lerrigo, M. D., have done a large amount of field work, have addressed numerous conferences and other gatherings in various parts of the country. Treasurer George B. Huntington has represented the Society on the Board of Promotion, on its Administrative Committee and has spent considerable time in making arrangements for the new head­ quarters in New York City. With the authorization of the 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 71

Board, Associate Secretary William B. Lipphard has served the Administrative Committee as its Recording Secretary and has cooperated with the Literature and Publicity Depart­ ments of the Board of Promotion.

Literature Department

The Literature Department has had an exceptionally busy year. The production and circulation of carefully prepared missionary literature has been of unusual importance this year to the promotion of interest and beneficience. Notwithstand­ ing the difficulties due to labor conditions in the printing trade and the shortage of paper, which have presented most trying conditions, the department has produced the usual number of miscellaneous pamphlets and booklets describing the various phases of the work of the Society. Two publications of a more substantial character, namely “ In the Track of the Storm” by Foreign Secretary James H. Franklin, and “The Ministry of Healing” by Associate Secretary William B. Lipp­ hard were issued during the year. Both were published by the American Baptist Publication Society and by special arrange­ ments extra editions were distributed through the Literature Department. The seventh issue of “ Missionary Ammunition” appeared in March. This publication has proved to be of exceptional value, and as usual copies were distributed to all Baptist pastors. The department has cooperated to a large extent with the Board of Promotion in the preparation of literature dealing with foreign mission aspects of the New World Movement Campaign. Mention must also be made of the distribution of missionary literature prepared and produced 011 the mission field. Publi­ cations like catalogs of educational institutions, periodicals issued by the several missions, annual publications such as ‘The Japan Baptist Annual” and other literature have proved to be of increasing value in stimulating missionary interest. In view of the removal of the headquarters of the Society to New York and the early establishment of a general Liter- ture Department in the Board o£ Promotion, it is expected 72 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

that the Literature Department of the Society will in the future confine its work largely to the creation of foreign mis­ sion literature, leaving the production and distribution thereof to the Literature Department of the Board of Promotion.

“The Messenger” The first issue of "The Messenger,” a new publication, made its appearance toward the close of the year. For some time Foreign Secretary James H. Franklin D.D. had recog­ nized the need of having some medium between the mission­ aries and the Boards of Managers of the Society and the Woman’s Society, for the free exchange of ideas and expres­ sions of opinion, for frank discussion of policies, mutual prob­ lems, and matters of common interest, for the publication of news concerning denominational movements at home and abroad, and particularly for the promotion of a more intimate bond of fellowship and personal acquaintance. Numerous questions which the missionaries and the Boards would like to discuss with each other, cannot be discussed to advantage in general denominational papers, and it is manifestly impos­ sible in anything like ordinary personal correspondence. As a medium for more or less confidential communication be­ tween the missionaries and the Boards '‘The Messenger" is expected to supply this need. It is intended to have this new publication appear quarterly.

The Joint Magazine On January 1, 1920. the joint magazine “ Missions” began the eleventh year of its publication and significantly cele­ brated the occasion by its appearance in an enlarged and more attractive form. During the ten years of its history, this well-known missionary magazine, under the capable direction of its editor, Dr. Floward B. Grose, has shown a continuous improvement in typography, pictorial presenta­ tion as well as in subject matter. Today its prestige is one in wrhich the entire denomination may well take pride. In view of the important publicity service which this magazine 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 73 was expected to render to the Board of Promotion in its great campaign, the editorial office was removed in Decem­ ber to New York City and it is now maintained in connection with the headquarters of the Board of Promotion. Respon­ sibility for the publication of the magazine has been trans­ ferred to the Administrative Committee, although a smaller committee, on which each of the National Societies has a rep­ resentative, continues to direct the actual management of the magazine. Beginning with January the printing is being done by the American Baptist Publication Society. With these new arrangements, our churches will continue to receive an ably edited, well illustrated and attractively printed maga­ zine, presenting each month the great missionary undertak­ ings of the denomination.

The Denominational Press

The outstanding event in denominational journalism dur­ ing the past year has been the establishment of “The Baptist” as the new official denominational organ owned and con­ trolled by the Northern Baptist Convention. The Board has welcomed with interest and cordiality the appearance of this new paper. It has placed large emphasis on the work of the Society and through its illustrated articles has called atten­ tion to our task on the foreign field. Notwithstanding this important and constructive step, the Board has noted with regret the discontinuance of “The Standard” "The Journal & Messenger” “The Pacific Baptist” and “The Zion's Advocate” which have been absorbed by the new paper. Their loyalty to the work of the Society and the generous space which they devoted to missionary publicity have always been appreci­ ated and have been of valuable service in the promotion of interest and beneficence. The missionary publicity service rendered during the past year by “The Watchman & Exam­ iner” which continues its publication as a privately owned denominational paper, is worthy of special commendation. 74 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

New England Baptist Library The New England Baptist Library under the efficient di­ rection of its librarian, Dr. Charles H. Watson, has con­ tinued its helpful ministry to the constituency of our New England states. Several organizations cooperate in main­ taining this reference library, which is housed in the Ford Building. It is expected that in connection with the new head­ quarters of the Society and the probable establishment of a general denominational library in New York, most of the books belonging to the Society and now housed in the New England Library will also be transferred to New York.

Missionary Exhibits One of the outstanding features in connection w':th the Northern Baptist Convention at Buffalo, N. Y., will be an extensive missionary exposition. This will endeavor to ex­ hibit pictorially, through photographs, diagrams, charts and curios, the entire missionary enterprise as conducted by Northern Baptists. During the closing months of the fiscal year the Home Department of the Society has been cooperat­ ing with Rev. A. A. Forshee of the General Board of Promo­ tion. who has general charge of the exhibit, in assembling the material to be displayed. In this work Rev. A. C. Bowers, of the Assam Mission, now at home on furlough, has ren­ dered valuable and efficient assistance. It is proposed, after the Northern Baptist Convention, to divide the exhibit into several sections for display at conferences and assemblies dur­ ing the summer months and at the various state conventions in the fall. Such pictorial presentation of the missionary en­ terprise is based on sound pedagogical principles and is a valuable method for awakening larger interest.

Photographic Equipment for Mission Fields The pictorial presentation of the missionary enterprise through photographs and stereopticon slides has received con­ siderable emphasis in recent years. Large use of this form of 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 75 missionary publicity has been made by other foreign mission boards, and as stated elsewhere the Board of Promotion has organized a stereopticon department, in which has been combined the several departments heretofore maintained by the various Societies. In order to make possible a continuous and adequate supply of photographs illustrating various phases in the work of the Society, the Board has authorized each mission to procure an adequate photographic equipment. This will be at the disposal of the Mission Secretary or the Reference Committee for the obtaining of such photographs as are desired by the Board or the General Board of Promo­ tion for publicity purposes.

Missionary Education Missionary education is of paramount importance, for it is only through adequate and s3rstematic instruction that a fu­ ture constituency is developed who shall provide the funds for the maintenance of the missionary enterprise in years to come. The Board has therefore noted with interest the crea­ tion of a new department of missionary education in the Board of Education, which, under the leadership of Rev. W il­ liam A. Hill, formerly Joint District Secretary in New Eng­ land, now has responsibility for the educational activities of the national missionary organizations. During the year this new department has conducted an educational campaign, based on a study of the denominational survey. This depart­ ment also served the interests of the Society in its Sunday school educational campaign on ‘‘Medical Missions.”

The Sunday School Educational Campaign As announced in the report of last year, the educational campaign in the Sunday schools was centered around the study of medical missions. W ith so fascinating a topic it is not sur­ prising that this study has been of such unusual interest. The regular graded study material was prepared, the authors being Mrs. Gertrude Lee Crouch and Miss Margaret T. Applegarth, both of Rochester, N. Y. A series of colored posters, illus­ 76 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report trating various phases of medical missionary activity, accom­ panied the stories. These were drawn by Miss Bertha F. Ben­ nett and Miss Edith P. Thomson. An concert pro­ gram, prepared by Dr. Harry Emerson Fosdick, completed the study. Two textbooks, both written by members of the executive-staff— “ Ministers of Mercy” by Foreign Secre­ tary James H. Franklin, D.D., published by the Missionary Education Movement, and “The Ministry of Healing” by Associate Secretary William B. Lipphard, published by the American Baptist Publication Society—wrere used in adult classes and young people's societies for supplementary study in connection with this educational campaign. It is exceed­ ingly regrettable that conditions in the industrial world, such as labor troubles among printers, strikes among engravers, an acute shortage of paper, transportation congestion and other conditions, over which the Board had no control, occasioned delay in the production and distribution of the material. Not­ withstanding these circumstances, approximately two thou­ sand Sunday schools used the material during the foreign mission period, which began in January and ended on Easter Sunday. The educational topic for next year will center around the general theme of ‘‘The Bible and Missions" for which Mrs. W. A. Montgomery, President of the Woman's Society, is writing the chief textbook.

Missionary Publicity

The establishment of an efficient and well organized Pub­ licity Department in the General Board of Promotion has made possible an unusual amount of missionary publicity during the year. In 110 previous year have our constitutuency and the American people in general been kept so continuously informed regarding the work of the Society. The denomina­ tional press, the daily newspapers and the standard magazine.-i through this department have been regularly supplied with substantial articles, brief reports and miscellaneous material concerning the foreign mission enterprise. The amount of .--uch material which was actually published has been especially 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 77 notable. It is obvious that this has involved considerable time and attention on the part of the Home Department of the Society throughout the year. It is anticipated that the estab­ lishment of the headquarters of the Society in conjunction with the headquarters of the Board of Promotion in New York will greatly facilitate cooperation with its Publicity Depart­ ment, and thus will make possible more extensive missionary publicity during the coming years.

Homes for Missionaries on Furlough

Owing to the universal scarcity of rents, the need of suit­ able places of residence for missionaries at home on furlough has never been more urgent. To meet the need, the Board fortunately was able to place four additional furnished houses or apartments at the disposal of missionary families during the year. Through the generous bequest of Airs. Mary A. M. Newell, the Society last summer obtained two new homes which were remodeled and made ready for occupancy in the fall. It had long been the plan of Mrs. Newell to make some provision after her death for a home to be used by missionaries on furlough. In her will she provided a substantial legacy for the purchasing or building of the missionary home of which she had long dreamed. In addition to this gift she left the residue of her estate to be used as a fund for the upkeep of the home. In accordance with her wish, it is located at New­ ton Center, and stands beside the Baptist Church which had previously transferred to the Society its equity in the house. It is most fitting that this home should be known as the “Newell House,” in memory of the noble woman who enabled the Board to place it at the disposal of the missionaries. The house where she lived in Roxbury has been taken over by the Society, as a home for missionaries and is known as the Rox­ bury House. Inspired by this same spirit of service, two women in New Jersey, Airs. Marguerite T. Doane and her sister, Miss Ida b'. Doane, have generously made possible the establishing of another home for missionaries on furlough. 78 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

This home, known as the Doane House, is located in Gran­ ville, Ohio, where two other homes, the Thresher House and the Beaver House, both the gifts of Mr. and Mrs. F. P. Beav­ er, have been maintained for a number of years. In Malden, the house in which Adoniram Judson was born in 1788. through the generosity of the First Baptist Church was re­ modeled in 1910 as a home for missionaries. Accordingly eight completely furnished apartments or houses are placed at the disposal of missionaries at home on furlough. These homes have all been occupied during the year. A nominal rental is charged which provides a modest revenue for meet­ ing expenses of maintenance and repairs.

Homes for Missionaries’ Children

The three homes maintained by the Society for the children of missionaries have enjoyed a happy and successful year. Climatic environment, moral conditions and limited educa­ tional opportunities make it inadvisable for children in the early years of adolescence to dwell with their parents on the field. Every effort is made to provide an attractive home for them during this period of separation which involves a real sacrifice for both parent and child. At Newton Center, Massa­ chusetts, under the motherly care of Mrs. M. R. West, fifteen children, representing seven missionary families, have been accommodated. This home is maintained jointly by the So­ ciety and the Woman’s Society. At the Fannie Doane Home at Granville, Ohio, Miss Charlotte F. Clark with her usual efficient administration, has provided for the comfort of eigh­ teen children from ten families; and at Morgan Park, Illinois, the Bacon Home, under the helpful direction of Miss Maud Brook, has furnished a home for seventeen children from eight families. Notwithstanding the severe winter and the epi­ demics of sickness, the three homes have been singularly free from serious illness during the year. Among pressing needs are adequate summer camps for these children, which ought to be provided at the earliest opportunity. Further­ more. the crowded conditions at the three homes and the 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 79 gradual increase in the missionary staff suggests that in the near future the Board must face the necessity of establishing a fourth Home for Missionaries’ Children. The Board records its grateful appreciation of the careful attention and efficient manner with which the affairs of the homes have been ad­ ministered by the three local Boards of Managers.

The Shanghai American School Largely through the efforts of Rev. M. D. Eubank, M. D., funds have been subscribed by mission boards and business concerns having representatives in China for the erection of adequate buildings for the American School at Shanghai. It is believed that as much as $500,000.00 will be made available in the near future for this purpose. A much larger amount will probably be secured in later years. This seems to assure the success of a school whose presence in China will make it possible for the children of many missionaries to remain com­ paratively near their parents until they are ready to enter college in America. Such an arrangement will prove to be a great blessing to parents and children, and, in consequence, to the work itself.

Veterans in Service A review of the work of the year is not complete without calling particular attention to the men and women on the field who have devoted many years of their lives to the service of the Society. In length of service Mrs. Mary M. Rose and Rev. D. A. W. Smith, D.D., hold the record, the former having been a missionary since 1862, thus completing with this year a missionary career of fifty-eight years; the latter a missionary since 1864 and completing with this year a missionary career of fifty-six years. About one hundred and forty missionaries have completed a quarter of a century or more of service. Of this number about forty sailed for their respective fields for the first time prior to 1885, more than thirty-five years ago. Records of service such as these reveal clearly that the 80 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report missionary career is a consecrated life calling. They furnish .inspiration to the encouraging number of new recurits who expect to sail for their fields for the first time during the fall of the current year, and they give to our constituency added reason for supporting by prayer and beneficence the great missionaiy enterprise to which the Master Himself gave his life.

The Student Volunteer Convention

The outstanding event of the year as it relates to the supply of new missionaries for our depleted fields was undoubtedly the Student Volunteer Convention at Des Moines, Iowa, December 31, 1919 to January 4, 1920. Usually held quadren­ nially the convention was postponed two years by the war and this was therefore the first national Student Volunteer Con­ vention held since that which took place in Kansas City six years previously. Seven thousand students and professors gathered from the colleges and universities of the United States and Canada, forming one of the most impressive as­ semblies ever brought together in America. The convention was noteworthy, however, for more than its size. Among its outstanding features were the calibre and quality of the men who were invited to lead the thought of the convention, the messages given by them which re-emphasized the great vital truths of “ God in Christ, reconciling the world unto Him­ s e lf as the fundamental basis of the entire movement; the evident power with which these messages gripped the great body of undergraduates present, and the concrete results which were seen, both at the time of the convention in the larger number of students seeking interviews with their de­ nominational leaders, and since, in the increasing volume of correspondence from young men and women the country over. The significance of the Student Volunteer Movement was given great emphasis by the Convention. It became apparent that the appeal of the world’s need holds an increasing power over the hearts of students, and that the message of the Cross as the satisfaction of that need still challenges their 1920] GENERAL REVIEW. OF. THE YEAR 81 utmost loyalty. The Board would record its sense of in­ debtedness to the Movement for its indispensable aid in se­ curing the thoroughly trained young men and women needed for the work abroad. Through its various secretaries the Movement has been of the utmost practical value in supplying the initial incentive to world service, in furnishing wise coun­ sel to the large number of young people preparing for the w o r k and in putting us into direct contact in many cases with volunteers ready for early appointment.

Increase in Candidates for Appointment

Following the Des Moines Convention there is apparent a general increase of interest among young people in mis­ sionary service abroad. The Candidate Secretary has visited most of the Baptist colleges and seminaries of the country during the past year as well as many state universities and other institutions, and has had opportunity for personal inter­ views with hundreds of young men and women who are look­ ing forward to foreign service. While the present exigency shows a serious lack of suitable candidates in sufficient num­ bers to supply the pressing needs on our fields, it is believed that the prospects for ensuing years are increasingly bright. Rev. Alvin T. Fishman, under appointment for service in India, has rendered valuable service in visiting colleges and academies. Dr. H. W. Newman of China has made a tour of the important medical colleges of the East with a view to presenting the claims of medical missions, and Rev. P. A. McDiarmid of Africa, accompanying Secretary Franklin, has made a similar tour of the theological seminaries, representing the needs of Africa. It is confidently expected that their efforts will result in large ultimate increases to the mission force. For some years the students of Denison University have been contributing substantially to the support of Mr. Daniel Dye, an alumnus of Denison who is at work in the West China field. During the past school year a desire was ex­ 82 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report pressed to largefy increase the work, and the students of Denison volunteered to endeavor to furnish the entire per­ sonnel for the West China Mission. A beginning is made this year in the appointment of Mr. W . W . Cossum, Denison 1917, to West China. Others are expected to follow shortly. A similar effort is being made by the students of Ottawa University who plan to support some of their number abroad. The calendar year of 1919 showed a substantial increase in the forces upon the mission fields. At the close of the previous year 714 were reported and at the close of 1919 the number had increased to 763. Still further additions have been made since then, and a relatively large group will sail during the present summer and fall. It will be seen, however, that we are far from reaching the present year’s proportionate share of the survey requirements. The survey calls for 239 new families and 176 single women by 1924. It is believed, however, that owing to the effect of the Student Volunteer Convention and new measures of cultivation which have been instituted the increase already noted will be cumulative, so that each year of the survey period will observe larger addi­ tions to the mission force.

New Missionaries The following new missionaries sailed for their respective fields during the year 1919-1920:

Burma— Rev. William H. Duff and Mrs. Duff; Rev. Vernelle W . Dyer and Mrs. Dyer; Rev. George D. Josif and Mrs. Josif. Assam— Rev. Albert J. Dahlby and Mrs. Dahlby. South India— Mr. Frank C. Marquiss and Mrs. Marquiss. Bengal-Orissa— Rev. Charles P. Collett and .Mrs. Collett; Rev. Charles L. Conrad. China— Herman R S. Benjamin and Mrs. Benjamin; Rev. John L. Bjelke and Mrs. Bjelke; Rev. Emanuel H. Giedt and Mrs. Giedt; Ralph B. Kennard and Mrs. Kennard; Rev. David Gustafson and Mrs. Gustaf­ son; Miss Mary E. Ogg. Japan— Rev. George E. Haynes and Mrs. Haynes. Congo— Rev. K. O. Anderson and Mrs. Anderson. Philippine Islands— Rev. William B. Charles; Dr. Frederick W. Meyer and Mrs. Meyer. 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 83

The following missionaries are under appointment and are expected to sail in the fall of 1920 or later:

Miss Helen L. Baldwin (fiancee of Gordon E. Gates) ; Miss Florence F. Boston (fiancee of Henry W . Decker) ; Stewart S. Clark; Howard N. Cooper, M .D .; Wilford W . Cossum and Mrs. Cossum; J. Howard Covell; Rudolf L. Crook, M .D .; Henry D. Decker, M .D .; Rev. John W . Decker, Th. D .; Thomas S. Denham and Mrs. Denham; Rev. Fred­ erick M. Derwacter and Mrs. Derwacter; Rev. Alvin F. Fishman and Mrs. Fishman; Gordon E. Gates; Rev. Herbert E. Hinton; Benjamin M. Johnson; Chester L. Klein; Miss Margaret B. Laws (fiancee of J. D. Decker) ; Rev. Robert H. Moorman and Mrs. Moorman; Homer C. Nycum; Dryden L. Phelps; Miss Vida Post (fiancee of C. G. Sm ith); Rev. Louis H. Randle and Mrs. Randle; Miss Dorothy Shaw (fiancee of Rev. Chester F. W o o d ); Charles G. Smith; Rev. Chester F. W ood ; Henry O. Wyatt and Mrs. W yatt; Rev. A. Stuart Woodburne, Ph. D. and Mrs. Woodburne; Percy P. W . Ziemann.

A Shortage of Medical Missionaries During the war, it was naturally impossible to find doctors for service on the foreign field. W e have not )ret been able to secure the number of men required. In consequence our medical w'ork in almost every mission is seriously under­ manned. There is special need for the churches to pray the Lord of the harvest to thrust forth qualified physicians. Un­ til a much larger number of medical men can be sent to the front we shall be compelled to report not only that multitudes of native peoples are waiting for relief from suffering, but that in station after station the missionaries themselves are without any one to give them proper attention in case of their own illness. The churches should give prayerful considera­ tion to this serious situation in order that the required number of medical missionaries may be found.

Missionary Salary Increase The salary of the foreign missionary has always been re­ garded from the point of view of the amount required for a reasonable support and not on the commercial basis of the market value of the service rendered. It has been the purpose and endeavor of the Board to readjust the scale of missionary 84 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

salaries from time to time as changes in living costs and con­ ditions required. The last general revision was made in 1912. The very considerable increase in the cost of living since that date in America needs no comment. It may not be so gen­ erally understood that these changes in living conditions are world-wide and affect both foreigners and native peoples not only in the great commercial centers like Yokohama, Tokyo, Shanghai, Rangoon, Madras and Calcutta, but even in the remote stations in the interior of the Oriental and African mission fields. A salary which formed a fairly adequate sup­ port five or six years ago comes far short to-day in supplying the absolute necessities of life. The problem has become so acute that the Foreign Mission Boards have recognized the desirability of studying it together. Special consideration was given to this subject at the annual meeting of the Foreign Missions Conference at New Haven in January, and the Com­ mittee of Reference and Counsel is now making a careful investigation of the facts bearing upon the question of mis­ sionary' support. Even a slight examination of the practice of the several Boards reveals a very wide variation not onlv in the total amount available for missionary support but in the factors which are taken into account in fixing the salaries. It is hoped that the study now under way will result in the discovery of some general principles which all or many of the Boards may accept and which will lead to a more nearly uniform standard of missionary support both at home and abroad. Meanwhile provisional action has been necessary. The Board of Managers has two or three times in the last four or five years made special additions to the home salary of missionaries and in June, 1919, definitely increased the allow­ ances for children. In March, 1920, action was taken adding the sum of $700.00 to the basal home salary for married mis­ sionaries and $200.00 to the basal rate for single men. Annual children’s allowances are added according to the following schedule: $100.00 for each child under six years of age; $200.00 for each child between six and twelve; $250.00 for each child between twelve and sixteen; and $300.00 for each 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 85 child between sixteen and twenty-two provided the child is in school engaged in undergraduate study. Of the mission fields Japan was the first to feel in marked, degree the upward tendency in prices, and a special addition of $400.00 has been made to the regular salary of married missionaries in that field. The increased allowances for chil­ dren apply in Japan as in all of the other fields. In the four British India mission fields a special addition of $150.00 for married missionaries and $100.00 for single men has been made. In China an addition of SI25.00 was authorized for each family, and in the Congo Mission a special addition of $200.00 has been made for families and $100.00 for single men. In addition to these actual increases missionaries have been protected against loss on account of unfavorable exchange. In the new schedule which will be prepared in June all of these additions undoubtedly will have to be continued and in some cases even larger increases made. The total addition to appropriations involved in these salary increases will amount to approximately $63,000.00 and the exchange on these in­ creases will amount to $13,000.00. making a total additional draft upon the funds available for mission work of $76,000.00. The Board firmly believes that failure to make such provision for the support of missionaries will impair their usefulness in their work, and it is fully persuaded that the constituency would not be satisfied with any low^er basis.

Life Work Department of the Board of Promotion The Board has noted with interest the creation of a Depart­ ment of Life Work in the Board of Promotion. It is a long held conviction that an adequate supply of missionary re­ cruits cannot be expected unless the fundamental work of cultivation in church and home be faithfully done. Individual and collective prayer lie back of the missionary impulse and only as God's people are faithful in praying to the Lord of the Harvest may we expect Him to thrust forth the laborers so sorely needed. This applies not merely to foreign missions, but to home missions and the work of the ministry. The Board of Promotion has therefore established a department 86 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

for this purpose and has called a man of broad experience and large accomplishment in denominational service to head the department. Dr. Raymond M. West has a long and successful record in pastoral work, having been pastor of churches in New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Minnesota and New York. He was called from the Park Avenue Church in Rochester to become Secretary of the New Jersey State Convention in 1915. He brings to the present task an intimate knowledge of the churches, as well as valuable experience in educational and young people’s work.

Foreign Exchange The foreign exchange situation has been reviewed quite fully in previous annual reports. Conditions have not im­ proved but rather grown worse during the past year. When the annual schedule was prepared in June, 1919, the Mexican dollar in China cost about 90 cents gold and the rupee in India cost approximately 37 cents. Early in the autumn silver again registered a material advance, greater in India than in China. The Mexican dollar has been as high as $1.16 gold and has not gone below $1.00, while the cost of the rupee has ranged from 41 cents to 47 cents. As the normal value of the Mexican dollar was 50 cents and of the rupee 33 cents, the rates prevailing during the year have brought very heavy burdens upon all foreign mission societies. For expenditures in China it has meant practically 100 per cent, increase and in India 38 per cent, increase in the cost to the Society with­ out making any increase whatever in funds actually available on the field. The total expenditures for the year on account of exchange is estimated at a very little less than $300,000.00, or practically one-fifth of the total foreign field appropriations apart from expenditures for land and buildings, and exchange losses in these latter items would add approximately $100,- 000.00 more. Since practically all of the Foreign Mission Boards are now guaranteeing their appropriations in China and India as at normal rates of exchange, the aggregate cost is a very formidable item. No one can forecast the future developments in the matter of exchange, but men most familiar with inter­ 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 87 national finance give little hope of an early return to even approximately normal conditions. In all probability this factor will have to be reckoned with in missionary finance for some time to come. If exchange rates in silver-using countries of the Orient should become stable at anything like the present level, it might prove necessary to make a permanent readjust­ ment of salaries and other expenditures.

New Equipment for Mission Fields During the year a larger expenditure was made for build­ ings and equipment for the mission stations than in any pre­ vious year in the history of the Society. The total appropria­ tions for the purchase of land, erection of buildings and other permanent equipment has been $700,000.00. Three unusual factors have made this possible. First. The Victory Campaign referred to in detail else­ where in this report provided more than $300,000.00 for prop­ erty needs. These included the hospital and school at Ding- hae connected with the Ningpo field in East China; the Mabie Memorial Boys’ School at Yokohama; the Memorial Church at Yokohama; the Goddard Memorial Church building at Shaohsing, East China; the student hostel at Gauhati, Assam; the Evanston Dormitory, Shanghai Baptist College; the Guild Hall and Alva Hovey Dormitory at Waseda University, Tokyo; the Yotsuya church building at Tokyo; mission resi­ dences at Kengtung and Pegu, Burma; and the restoration of buildings damaged by the earthquake at Swatow, South China. Second. The sum of $121,000.00 received by the Society in legacies has been applied to the purchase or erection of build­ ings as a memorial to the friends who thus generousty remem­ bered the Society in their wills; $20,000.00, part of a legacy left by the late William J. Wright of Brooklyn, N. Y., in memory of his son, William Courtney Wright, who before his death had intended to go as a medical missionary to China, has been appropriated towrard the new plant of the Union Mission Hospital in Huchow, China; Mrs. Mary A. M. Newell, late of Roxburv. Massachusetts, left the Society a specific legacy of $18,000.00 which has been used for the purchase 88 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

and remodeling of a large, pleasant and very conveniently located house in Newton Centre which will be available at a low rental to missionary families on furlough; Mrs. Newell's residuary estate amounting to some $30,000.00 was also left to the Society to create a fund the income of which shall be used toward the maintenance of this property; of the large amount available from the residue of the estate of the late J. Lewis Crozer of Chester, Pennsylvania, $83,000.00 has been applied directly to the following property needs: Land and buildings at Jamshedpur in the Bengal-Orissa field $10,000.00; Jorhat Christian Schools $21,450.00; church building at Shio- gama in the Sendai field, Japan, $6,000.00; land purchased as a site for the Guild Hall and dormitory at Waseda L^niversity $23,050; land, dormitory and school buildings for the boys’ school at Kaying. South China $15,000.00; and central build­ ings of the West China Union University at Chengtu $7- 500.00. Third. An unusually large amount has been received dur­ ing the year in specifically designated gifts for property in addition to those already reported as coming from the Vic­ tory Campaign funds. More than 8100,000.00 thus given has been appropriated for land and buildings in West China in­ cluding missionary residences at Chengtu and Yachow, land for a new hospital plant at Suifu, church building at Chengtu and numerous other smaller buildings. Forty-eight thousand dollars has been provided for a second dormitory duplicating the Evanston dormitory at the Shanghai Baptist College. A number of important needs were met also from the regu­ lar building account in the budget, such as the purchase of long and urgenth' needed residence properties in Madras in South India, and appropriation in part for a trade school at Moulmein, Burma. More than a dozen Ford automobiles have been purchased for use in missionary work in the four British India mission fields. The Board of Managers takes great satisfaction in the fact that by these various means it was possible to make such generous provision for building and property needs during the year. They constitute a worthy be­ ginning of the advance program outlined in the Survey and approved by the denomination at Denver in May, 1919. 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 89

Increased Cost of Land and Buildings Another realm of missionary expenditure in which the changed conditions throughout the world have been very seriously felt is the purchase of land and the erection of build­ ings. Everywhere in the port cities and the great centers of population throughout the East prices asked for land have doubled and trebled in the last few years. For example, the site recently purchased in Tokyo for a guild hall and dormi­ tories near Waseda University at a cost of $33,000.00 could probably have been bought for less than half that sum three or four years ago. Land secured in 1918 for the expansion of the Shanghai Baptist College could now be sold at a large advance over its cost. The cost of building materials and of construction labor has also risen by leaps and bounds. Only two years ago the Evanston Dormitory was erected at Shanghai Baptist College at a cost of $30,000.00, and a dupli­ cate of the building now being erected through the generosity of a friend will cost, according to conservative estimates, $48,000.00. The Science Building in the same institution, estimated two or three years ago to cost $50,000.00, would probably require from $90,000.00 to $100,000.00 to build ac­ cording to the original plans. Only the generosity of the donor makes it possible to complete this greatly needed ad­ dition to the equipment of the college without drastic abridg­ ment. Estimates were submitted two years ago for a church building at Yokohama. Construction has been unavoidably postponed because of the delay - in securing the necessary funds, and word now comes by cable from Japan that the cost will be fully twice as much as the original figure. This condition is by no means peculiar to the large cities of Japan and China. The Reference Committee of the Assam Mission has made formal request that an increase of 12 per cent, be made on all building operations in effect, and from Burma.comes the information that the estimates for the pro­ jected trade school in Moulmein must be increased at least 10 per cent. The effect of such conditions upon the program of the Foreign Mission Societies for providing mission stations 90 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION' SOCIETY [Report

with urgently needed equipment as outlined in the Survey is manifestly most serious. Taking into account also the exchange situation, it is not an exaggeration to say that the budget of $10,000,000.00 approved in the Survey for equipment will provide barely more than one-half of the building projects included in the list originally submitted by the two Societies.

The Financial Outcome A year ago the Board reported a deficit of $446,318.21. As the new year proceeded contributions received through the Victory Campaign were applied on this indebtedness, and shortly after the close of the campaign on December 31, 1919, the deficit of 1918-1919 wras entirely provided for and cancelled. The budget authorized at the beginning of the year 1919— 1920 was $1,625,573.00 for the regular operating expenditures of the Society and $1,015,000.00 for specific objects including $465,000.00'brought forward from the Victory Campaign budg­ et. The change in the date of opening and closing the fiscal year necessitated the adding of one month’s appropriations to the budget as authorized, so that the total expenditures for the year amounted to $1,904,419.99 for the regular operating budget and 8587,905.07 was received and appropriated for specific objects, chiefly buildings and other permanent equip­ ment, or a grand total of 82.492,325.06. The income of the Society applicable to the regular budget amounted to $1,096,- 416.76, and this added to the designated gifts received for specific objects outside the regular budget made a grand total of income of $1,684,301.83. The deficit, therefore, at the close of the year on April 30. 1920, is $808,023.23. This deficit, while it is the largest ever reported for a single year, has a very natural explanation and should not cause discouragement. During the nine months until December 31, 1919, the effort to complete the Victory Campaign was in progress and in consequence no special endeavor w^as made by any of the Societie s to secure gifts for the work of the new year. Early in January plans for the Newr World Movement campaign for SI00.000,000.00 began to take definite form ani were put before the churches. It was the common judgment 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 91 that any special efforts to raise large amounts of money to apply on the budgets of that year would seriously interfere with the new campaign. At that late date it was manifestly impossible to make any material reductions in the appropria­ tions for work on mission fields on the other side of the world. The only course that seemed to be open was to go straight forward, report the deficit as it actually existed at the closing of the year and trust that the subscriptions on the 8100,000,- 000.00 fund would fully make up for anything that was lack­ ing in last year’s receipts as well as provide for the new year on a basis of strong reenforcement. An examination of the detailed statement of receipts as given in the financial section of this Report affords much reason for encouragement. The income from sources outside donations, such as legacies, matured annuities and income from invested funds, amounted to $289,139.04 as compared with an expectancy of $212,000.00. Most of this increase was on account of the income from a gift of $1,000,000.00 received from Mr. Rockefeller referred to elsewhere in this report. The income in donations from individuals and churches, not­ withstanding the fact already mentioned that little special effort was made to secure either the full amount of apportion­ ments to churches or large gifts from individuals, was $807,277.72, or nearly $200,000.00 more than was received during the preceding year. A total sum of $419,679.68 was received through the General Board of Promotion, although the funds did not begin to pass through its treasury until January 1, 1920. Designated funds for buildings and equip­ ment as reported under specific donations were unusually large, making possible the very substantial addition to the permanent equipment of the missions elsewhere described.

Gifts of Mr. John D. Rockefeller Reference has been made to the gift by Mr. John D. Rocke­ feller for the permanent funds of the Society. In October 1919, he gave to the Society securities having a market value of slightly over one million dollars. With these securities the Board has established the John D. Rockefeller Fund, the 92 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report income from which will be available for the regular work of the Society. The permanent trust funds including this gift now amount to more than two million five hundred thousand dollars. In March 1920, Mr. Rockefeller made a further gilt to the Society of securities valued at approximately two mil­ lion dollars. He has not yet indicated to the Board whether this gift is,to be held as permanent endowment or may be expended in whole or in part for the work of the Society. Since May 1, Mr. Rockefeller has given still another million dollars in securities, designating that it shall be held for per­ manent endowment. This gift will appear in the receipts for the fiscal year 1920-1921. Mr. Rockefeller has for many years taken a deep interest in the work of the Society and these most generous and substan­ tial gifts constitute a further and most significant expression of his interest.

The Station Plan The station plan has now been incorporated in the Special Gifts Department of the General Board of Promotion. Its transfer w'as deemed advisable as a part of the readjustment of work consequent upon the establishment of the Promotion Board. The new department will include all of the activities of the Station Plan of the Foreign Mission Society as well as similar activities on the pan of the other missionarv societies and boards. It is assumed that in the New World Movement provision will need to be made for bringing churches and individuals into direct relation with specific phases of mission work at home and abroad, and the agency developed by the Foreign Mission Society for this purpose can easily be adapted to the larger field of service. Notwithstanding the impending changes, the year just closed has been an active one. Exten­ sive correspondence has been carried on reaching to all parts of the territory of the Northern Baptist Convention. Arrange­ ments have been made for the support of a considerable num­ ber of missionaries, especially those newly appointed and just going out to the field. Many churches and organizations within the churches a? well as individuals who have wished 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 93 to be related to a missionary or to some definite mission station or institution have had assignments made to them and have been supplied with the latest information from the field con­ cerning the work in which they are interested. Miss Florence L. Daland, who has conducted this department so efficiently for several years as Dr. Aitchison’s Secretary, will continue to have charge of the work as it develops with the General Board of Promotion.

Called to Higher Service Ten missionaries completed their earthly careers during the past year and were called to higher service. While the number fortunately is not as large as in previous years, there is unusual sadness occasioned by their passing in that the list includes several aged veterans with records of long and distinguished missionary service. Their names had become knowrn to thousands of Baptists among all sections of our constituency. They will be sorely missed by friends at home, by colleagues on the field and by those increasing numbers of Christians in the non-Christian world among whom they devoted so many vears of their lives.

In the death of Rev. William H. Roberts. D.D., which occurred in Newton Center, Mass.. December 24, 1919, the Foreign Mission Society has lost one of its most consecrated workers and the Burma Mission one of its pioneer missionaries. He was born at Botetourt Springs, Va., on October 25. 1847, and at seventeen entered Lee’s army and took part in the desperate battle around Petersburg and Richmond. Later he studied at Roanoke College and Richmond College and would have graduated from the latter college had not illness prevented. He after­ wards went to Kansas and worked as a carpenter and builder for the railroad. While engaged in this work, his heart was drawn to the many needy communities there and he began to preach the Gospel to them. Feeling the call to enter the ministry he took his theological training at the University of Chicago, from which he was graduated in 1878. He was ordained in Kansas and had a short pastorate at Loda. 111. Dr. Roberts was given the honorary' degree of doctor of divinity from Rochester Theological University in 1910. After the death of Rev. A . J. Lyon, who had been sent by the Foreign Mission Society to open up northern Burma, with a center at Bhamo, Dr. Roberts felt called to take his place on the foreign field, and accompanied by his wife and little daughter he sailed for Burma in October 1878. Unable to secure a teacher 94 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report of the language spoken by the Kachins, among whom he was to work, he sought the assistance of a common day laborer, and in this way, with considerable difficulty, he acquired a useful vocabulary. Later, he reduced the Kachin language to writing. The early years of his work in Bhamo were beset with many trying experiences. The Burmans were suspicious of him and tried to hinder him from teaching the Kachins and at one time ordered him out of the country. But for thirty-five years Dr. Roberts gave himself in unselfish, devoted service to the Kachins.. taking long and perilous trips into the jungles to carry the gospel mes­ sage to the remote tribes: “carrying on” through illness, loss and in­ describable hardships; barely escaping death when hostile tribes, aided by a large Chinese army, attacked and destroyed the city of Bhamo. Dr. Roberts enjoyed the distinction of organizing the first Christian Kachin church, consisting of seven members, and was considered by the natives as being the founder of the Kachin Mission. He is survived by a wife and two children— Dora C , wife of Rev. J. E. Cummings, D.D., of Henzada, Burma, and William Henry, also of India.

The death of Mrs. W . F. Armstrong of Rangoon has removed from the mission and from the Foreign Mission Society another veteran missionary, whose loss is deeply mourned, and who for forty-nine years gave herself without reserve to the peoples of Burma. As Miss Norris, she first went to Burma under the Canadian Baptist Board, reaching Rangoon in January 1871, and was stationed at Henzada, later removing to Tavoy. In 1874 she married Rev. W . F. Armstrong, D.D., who had been sent to Burma by the same Board to consider the advisa­ bility of opening work among the Karens near the Siamese border. Ad­ vising against this, they were sent to India to take up work which he had recommended among the Telugus; but in 1884, after their first fur­ lough they returned to Burma as missionaries of the Foreign Mission Society to work among the immigrants who had come from India in. large numbers and settled there. For several years Dr. Armstrong was pastor of the English Church in Moulmein, and in 1895 removed to Rangoon which has since been the headquarters for the Indian work. Besides assisting her husband in the church work she established schools in various districts for the Indian community, the largest being the Union Hall School with between five and six hundred pupils. Mrs. Arm­ strong was a good linquist and composed many , which she col­ lected with others in books for the Telugus, Tamils, Hindustanis and Bengalis. After Dr. Armstrong’s death in 1V18 her own health began to fail, and accompanied by her daughter she returned to Canada, her native home, where she died on September 14, 1919. Faithful in life, she has heard the “Well done” of the Master and has entered into the joy of her Lord. Mrs. Armstrong is survived by a son and daughter, missionaries in Rangoon to the same people, now home on furlough, .ami by a son who is engaged in educational work in America. 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 95

Rev. Lee Hadley Mosier whose death occurred at Bhamo, October 12, 1919, was a faithful and devoted missionary in our Burma Mission. Mr. Mosier was born at Maple Valley, N. Y., in 1855, and though he was not converted until he was thirty years of age he accomplished a splendid work for the Burmans in the nearly thirty years spent on the mission field. He was graduated from the Theological Seminary in Hamilton, N. Y., in 1890, and in the fall of the same year sailed for Burma. His first term of service was at Mandalay and at Prome; the second at Prome; the third at Shwegyin and at Pyinmana; the fourth at Pyinmana and at Bhamo. Two months before his death, he had taken over from the missionary at Sagaing the work at Katha in which he had been greatly interested for many years. Mr. Mosier was hum­ ble, sincere, self-forgetful, genial and sympathetic. One of his fellow missionaries characterized him as a “model of personal evangelism.” His allegiance to duty was an inspiration, and he will be greatly missed by those with whom he daily associated on the mission field and by the Burmans whom he lovingly served. Mr. Mosier is survived by his wife, who is heroically caring for the station work at Bhamo until permanent relief can be sent to that needy and promising station. W ho will go to fill the ranks that are so rapidly being depleted by death and removal from the field? Miss Flora E. Ayers of Prome, Burma, died at Clifton Springs, N. Y., January 6, 1920. She was taken sick with influenza while at Prome and came to America for the restoration of her health. Upon arrival here Miss Ayers went to the Clifton Springs Sanitarium, but her case was beyond medical help. In 1893 she went to Burma under the Western Board, designated to the Burman Girls’ School at Mandalay, but her health failing, her first term of service was very short and she came home for a long furlough. Her second term was divided among several stations— Moulmein, Shwegyin and Tavoy. Her last term was spent at Prome, where she had charge of the girls’ school and Bible women’s work. Miss Ayers was a faithful and consecrated worker and will be greatly missed by those with whom she was associated day by day. Her influence will continue, however, and the good that she has done will be gratefully remembered by the Burmese to whom she gave herself in unselfish service. Miss Anna M. Edmands. formerly a missionary of the Woman’s Bap­ tist Foreign Mission Society, died September 19, 1919, at her home in Boston. Miss Edmands was born in Charlestown, Massachusetts, and was a member of the Dudley Street Baptist Church. She was a graduate of the Boston Normal School, and also attended M t Holyoke College. On April 8, 1889, she received her appointment as a missionary, and sailed in September of that year for Mandalay, Burma, where she was engaged in missionary work until her resignation in 1893. “It is my 96 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

constant prayer to be used in winning souls to Him,” she wrote in one of her letters from Burma, and this spirit was manifest not only in her missionary work, but in all the activities of her life. The death on April 2, 1920, of Rev. Edwin Bullard, brought to a close a term of nearly fifty years of faithful service on the foreign field, and took from the Foreign Mission Society one of its valued workers. Mr. Bullard was born in 1847, at Moulmein, Burma, where his parents were engaged in missionary work. He received his education in this country, — at Brown University and at Newton Theological Institution. In May, 1870, the year in which he graduated from Newton, he received his ap­ pointment as a missionary, and reached the following November. For nearly half a century he devoted his life to the service of the Telugus, at Nellore, at Bapatla and at Kavali. Mr. Bullard was a brother of Mrs. Ellen Bullard Bustard, also a missionary in Burma and South India. In 1882 he was married to Miss Jennie Ritchie. Their daughter, Miss E. Grace Bullard, is a missionary at Kavali, South India, carrying on the work which her father was obliged to lay aside several years ago on account of his health. His last years were spent in the Nilgiri Hills, where he spent his time studying the word of God in the hope that he might be able to arrange some of the Bible stories in lesson form for the use of the Indian workers. Rev. G. H. Brock, a coworker of Mr Bullard’s on the South India mission field, pays the following tribute tu that veteran missionary:— “To know Edwin Bullard was to love him He was indeed a Christian gentleman. In his home, in camp, on the road, always a gentleman, always thoughtful for the other person, be that one of high or low estate. To English and to Indian officials, to missionaries and to the Telugus, both Christian and non-Christian, caste or outcaste, he was always the Christian gentleman. All classes highly honored him. The especially loved him for his gentle­ ness and kindness. No missionary surpassed him in his knowledge of the language. His monument will be the transformed lives of the thou­ sands of Telugus whom he has brought to Christ”

Mrs. Wheeler Boggess died at Philippi, W . Va., February 20, 1920, after a long illness. She was born in Harrisville, West Virginia, where she attended the public school. Later, she was graduated from a high school in Washington, D. C., and was also a student at the Broaddu* Institute in Clarksburg, West Virginia. In June 1892 she was married to Rev. WTheeler Boggess and in the fall of the same year they went to South India under the auspices of the Foreign Mission Society. Here they rendered more than eighteen years of service, exclusive of fur­ loughs, in Ramapatnam and Kandukuru. In October 1914 they were compelled to give up their work on the mission field on account of the failing health of Mrs. Boggess. She never lost her interest however in the work to which she had given the best years of her life, and 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 97 her prayers have continually ascended that laborers might be sent into South India, the field so dear to her. At the time of her death Mrs. B oggess was a member of the church in Philippi, of which her husband was pastor. Besides her husband, she leaves six children and a sister and a brother. She will be affectionately remembered by her missionary associates on the field as well a-s by the to whom she ministered. Rev. Peter Buel Guernsey, at one time a missionary-of the American Paptist Foreign Mission Society, died at his home in New York on March 14. 1920. Mr. Guernsey was born at Staceyville, Iowa, on No­ vember 30, 1859. He was a graduate of Colgate Academy, Colgate Uni­ versity, and the Hamilton Theological Seminary. On March 28, 1892 he was appointed by the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society for work at Madras, India, and reached the field in November of that year. In June, 1894, he was married at to Miss Margaret H. Armstong, M.D., a missionary of the Woman’s Baptist Foreign Mission Society. Mr. and Mrs. Guernsey returned to this country in 1895 on account of the illness of Mrs. Guernsey. As her health did not improve Mr. Guernsey was obliged to give up his missionary work, and resigned from the Society in 1894. He was reappointed in 1899, but again re­ signed in October of that year. For a number of years Mr. Guernsey was President of the University at Nashville, Tennessee, and for thirteen years he served as office manager of the Presbyterian Foreign Mission Society at 156 Fifth Avenue, New York. The Japan Mission has suffered a great loss in the death on February 14. 1920 of its veteran missionary, Rev. C. H. D. Fisher, of Yokohama. Thirty-eight years ago Mr. and Mrs. Fisher went out as missionaries of the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society to work on the India mission field, but on account of unfavorable climatic conditions they were very soon transferred to Tokyo, Japan. Mr. Fisher was a native of Illinois, and a graduate of Chicago University and the Morgan Park Theological Seminary. Professor Henry Topping, of Morioka, Japan, pays the following tribute to Mr. Fisher and his work on the Japan field: “Mr. Fisher was one of the pioneers in our mission work in Japan. When he and Mrs. Fisher arrived in 1883 our workers were few, —Dr. and Mrs. Brown. Mr. and Mrs. Bennett, Mr. and Mrs. Poate and Miss Sands in Yokohama, Dr. and Mrs. Rhees in Kobe and Miss Kidder in Tokyo. W e had no schools, for Mr. Bennett’s class of embryo evange­ lists could not be termed a theological seminary. There were a few recently baptized believers in Yokohama and Tokyo, but such an organ­ ization as a Baptist Conference, either Japanese or missionary, was still far in the future. There were few helps in the study of the language, but in the face of great difficulties he persevered with unfaltering courage and faith. All honor to such pioneers in mission workl Besides his 98 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

labors for our first church in Tokyo, to which he and Mrs. Fisher were most devoted, he opened work in Mito, and later, when extraterritorial­ ity ceased, he secured for the mission the privilege of incorporation, by which we now hold mission property. The Japanese Constitution for­ bade the owning of land by foreigners. The problem of holding mission property was vital to the future of mission work. It is almost impos­ sible to realize the difficulties, legal, racial, and psychological, that stood in the way at that time. All denominations were working for a solutioa O f the various plans presented to the Japanese Government Mr. Fisher’s was the one finally adopted, after numerous consultations and xnodifica' tions, as the form the Government could grant. It became the norm of all mission corporations in Japan. But Mr. Fisher is remembered chiefly for his kindness of heart. Like the Master he went about doing good. The charming hospitality of the Fisher home was most generously be­ stowed. Everybody was sure of a cordial greeting there at any time. His kind attention and ready help were unfailingly given, and he always rendered such services with a peculiar cheerfulness. He seemed hap­ piest when he had the opportunity to help some one. Devotion to his Lord’s work, and to his fellow workers were central in the heart of our brother Fisher.” The death of Dr. Charles Kendall Harrington at Albany, New York, on May 13, 1920, brought to a close a career of noble service and remarkable achievement on the mission field of Japan where he labored for nearly thirty years. As a small boy in the home at Sidney, Cape Breton, where he was born in 1858, Dr. Harrington became deeply interested in mission­ ary work, and at the time of his conversion when he was a lad of seven­ teen he definitely decided to dedicate his life to service on the foreign field. The next few years were spent in earnest preparation for this work. Following his graduation from Acadia College at Wolfville, N. S., where he later received his D. D., he went to Morgan Park Theological Seminary'. On June 28, 1886, Dr. Harrington received his appointment to the foreign field, and in November of that year, he and Mrs. Harrington sailed for Yokohama, Japan, where he had been appointed to the Theo­ logical Seminary. On account of his unusual ability for acquiring tlie language, Dr. Harrington was able to conduct his classes in Japanese in a remarkably short space of time. In all of his work on the foreign field he placed the emphasis upon evangelization, realizing that education with­ out evangelization is not a power but a menace. The Bible always occu­ pied first place as a textbook at the Semina**. During the latter years of his missionary activities, Dr. Harrington rendered valuable service as a member of the Interdenominational Scripture Revision Committee appointed for the purpose of revising the Japanese New Testament. Few Americans possess such a knowledge of the Japanese language as did Dr. Harrington. In Japan he had a reputation for accuracy and an unusual appreciation of the Japanese idiom which is seldom acquired by 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 99 foreigners. In 1916, Dr. Harrington returned to this country, considerably broken in health. During the next few years in which he made a courageous but unsuccessful attempt to regain his health, he continued to serve. Soon after his return he commenced his book, “Captain Bickel of the Inland Sea,”— a work which ranks high not only on account of its literary merit, but for its splendid inspiration. As professor, linguist or writer, Dr. Harrington could have won an enviable reputation for him­ self in this country, but he chose to devote his splendid talents to the service of Him who gave them. His earthly ministry is ended, but in the lives of the men and women with whom he came in touch, it still continues to be an inspiration and a power.

The Spiritual Emphasis We must never forget that our main emphasis in the mis­ sionary enterprise is and must always be spiritual. Jesus Christ and His redemptive saving power is our one message to the non-Christian world. Our main dependence is not on institutions and organizations, as much as we need them. Nor is it on the school, as mighty a factor as it is in the de­ velopment of the church and as an evangelistic agency. Our main dependence is on men and women with the evangelistic passion. The supreme need of the hour is for a growing consciousness of the presence of God so that we may hear His voice calling to our hearts.

“ ] hear the voice O f one who calleth, Calleth sweet and clear, For men to reap for him A harvest white. Oh, soul of mine, rise up and answer him Before the night. The long night falleth And thy day be gone, thy day be gone.*

SUMMARY OF REPORTS FROM THE MISSIONS

THE BURMA MISSION Compiled by A. H. Henderson, M.D.

U R M A is on the threshold of a new political life. The entrance of B India into the war gave the opportunity and awoke the desire for self-rule in this great country. The religion of Jesus Christ with its quiet, insistent advance along every path that leads into men’s hearts and carrying with it the principles tliat transform life, is reaching a position of power which it never had heretofore. A study of Burma reveals a vast number of tribes, so that in traveling in some sections, especially in the Karen Hill district, new interpreters are necessary nearly every day. There are the Shans, at present smiling and hospitable, waiting to be won and loved; the Lahus, crowding in to ask for baptism so fast that we hardly know where we stand; the Danus, Inthas. Karens of several varieties, Chins, Kachins, Padaungs, Palaungs, Taungthus, Talains, Indians, Chinese, W as, Kwis, San Taos, Lissaws and other lesser tribes. Burma, producing one and one-third tons of food for every individual of its 12,500,000 inhabitants, evidently has a different economic problem from India where millions are said to go to bed hungry every night. The area under rice cultivation is said to be 10,400,000 acres, producing 16,000,000 tons annually. The holdings of this immense field are mostly small and by individual villagers and in spite of this vast production uncultivated land around the villages can be had for the asking. The economic problem of Burma, therefore, is not one of poverty but rather one of mentality. In the creation of sympathetic, altruistic, self-sacrificing character, possible only through the teachings of Jesus Christ, lies the future of this great country. The religious outlook of Burma is significant, varied and hopeful. Needs ever present, large, dark and sinister, have always loomed against the sky along the path of our missionary progress. Some of the older missionaries haye lived all their lives under the shadow of these towering needs and now we are given to hope that through the New World Move­ ment of Northern Baptists our needs are to be supplied. None but those who have toiled, struggled, determined not to give up, have stood with their backs to the wall pressing forward, groaning, swaying, strain­ ing, but still gaining, can realize what this really means.

EVANGELISTIC CAMPAIGN The religious survey would be entirely incomplete without special men­ tion of evangelistic campaign. This movement, far from being a 103 104 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report mere sporadic effort, has been fostered by the evangelistic committee and its growth has been steady from year to year. Under the splendid man­ agement o f Rev. M. C. Parish, Rev. C. E. Chaney, Dr. David Gilmore, Rev. B. C. Case and others who have taken up and pushed the movement on their own fields, it has come to shine like a rising star on the horizon o f our Burman work. The campaign is definitely working to let the churches feel that the evangelization o f Burma rests on the native church, and to enlist every member in some definite service. T o this end there have been Prayer Bands, Bible Study Groups, W in One Bands and per­ sonal work along the various lines. This goal can hope to be obtained only by steady, persevering work through many years, but results thus far justify the brightest anticipations and fill our hearts with thankfulness.

EDUCATION

The general subject o f education is at present occupying our anxious attention. The future of our Anglo-Vernacular schools has been made uncertain owing to recent regulations o f the educational department mak­ ing it impossible to continue these schools without a largely increased grant o f mission money. It is estimated that nine out o f every ten children in our Burma Mission fields are studying in vernacular schools. In the words o f Mr. J. H. Oldham, editor of the International Review o f Missions “ Self-government rests on a sufficient capacity in enough individuals to put the interests o f ofrher people before their own. The necessary corollary o f this is the rapid expansion and improvement of popular education and since about nine out of ten o f the people in India live in villages the question o f popular education is primarily and mainly of village education.” Mr. Chaney in his report notes the facts that the monastery schools are losing their influence due to their inability to adopt new ideas and modern text books. If they are obliged by their own religious beliefs to teach that the world rests on the peak of a mountain around the sides o f which are found in descending order the six Buddhist infernos, how is it possible for them to teach that the world is a sphere floating in space? Their influence is doomed and the lay schools are taking their place. Here is a call for real missionary effort.

JUDSON COLLEGE

Judson College is one of the outstanding features o f the Burma Mis­ sion, which, by the excellency o f its work, has gained the reputation of being “one o f the best colleges in affiliation with Calcutta University.” It is the pinnacle o f our entire educational work in Burma. It is fitting that this institution should permanently enshrine the name o f our great pioneer missionary and so bring to us all not only a fragrant memory but a tender appeal for lofty, self-sacrificing Christian service. Many arduous hours have been spent by Dr. Gilmore and Dr. St. John in 1920] THE BURMA MISSION 105 planning for the development o f the new Burma University of which Judson College is to be an integral part. Immediate reenforcements are necessary in order for the college to realize its fullest degree o f effi­ ciency. Three men, one permanent and two for short terms, are required for the English Department, and one each for History, Pali and Physics Departments. This means sending out six new missionaries for this educational work. In addition there will be necessary a laboratory and equipment for the Physics Department and books for English work. To a missionary society bent on evangelization the outlay may seem large but it should be remembered that every fresh line of development, every expansion o f plan and every request for men and equipment, only point with hope to the future, when with new buildings on a beautiful site overlooking the Kokine Lake the University will be functioning in its fully developed life. The term college heretofore in the Burma Baptist Mission covered the affiliated institutions such as the high, normal and European schools. During the past year these schools have been segre­ gated from the college and placed under a principalship o f their own. The college enrolled last year 129 students. It is interesting to notice that although the entrance requirements have been considerably increased, a fact which was expected to cut down the enrolment, the number of students has increased, a clear indication that the boys o f Burma are determined to seek a higher education, cost what it may. The young women students have not been neglected. Special care has been given to their welfare by the opening of a College Hostel for girls, first under the care of Miss Hughes o f Moulmein and now under the management o f Miss Helen Hunt. Again the confidence and good will of the public were made evident for in the furnishing of the hostel Dr. Gilmore found it necessary to appeal for support. The response was generous and with the money came many words of encouragement. Seven­ teen girls are at present enjoying in the hostel home privileges and training such as no other institution in Burma can offer. The college aims to turn out well educated men and women, simple in character and single in aim, free from pride, from selfish ambition and shallow self- assertion, men and women maturing in the struggle for righteousness, justice and truth.

SEMINARIES AND BIBLE SCHOOLS In the little town o f Insein are located the Karen and Burman Semi­ naries and the Burman Woman’s Bible School. Here for seventy-five years the Karen Seminary has sent out a constant stream of young men, first to the Karens then later to all parts o f Burma. Theirs is a spirit that puts backbone into one’s faith, and courage into one’s work. From out o f this institution they have gone to secluded villages in the Karen hills, to the lonely villages of the Lahus, across the Chinese border to Kachins and Lisus, to win over the Shans, to teach the Was and Black 106 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY ^Report

Karens, to blaze the path for the Taungthus, and in many other ways to show that the Cross o f Christ is to them the supreme thing in life. With mere pittance o f a salary many support themselves in any way they can, a truly noble band o f men. Dr. Thomas is in charge of the Karen Seminary with Dr. Smith retired but still carrying on an active literary work. There were twenty-two graduates last year with thirty- three in the entering class, a total enrolment o f 145. The Alumni Asso­ ciation is erecting a building to serve as an assembly hall for its annual gatherings, and between times as a dormitory for advanced students. It was expected to be dedicated on June 19, Dr. Smith’s eightieth birthday, and is a fine mark of respect and love for their alma mater. Appro­ priations during the year have provided better sleeping, cooking, and eating accommodations all o f which were greatly needed, but the rise in prices calls for further appropriations. In the seminary are found a flourishing “Student Volunteer Band,” and a “ Blue Ribbon Society’' barring the betel nut and tobacco while the men are in the seminary. The students help in evangelistic work as they have opportunity. Close by, in comparatively recent years, has come into existence the Burman Seminary. W e call it Burman because that is the language used and also as a sign o f our aims and a pointer for our hopes. The men who go out from here speak the Burmese language and so can work in that tongue, but the entering class last year consisted o f eight Burmans, six Chins, four Sgaw Karens, two Kachins, one Talain, one Lisu and one Chinaman. This work during the past year was under the care o f Mr. Wiatt who has now taken up his new position as Field Secretary and the seminary lias passed to the care of Dr. Richardson. There were seven graduates last year. Nine o f the seminary boys were in the Motor Trans­ port Service o f the Jndian -\rmy serving in Mesopotamia. From the seminary four Sunday schools are supported, aid is given to the Salva­ tion Army services, and the boys work in the village surrounding Insein or join in evangelistic work at the various stations during their vacation. One o f last year’s graduates is now' in charge Of a village church among the Taungthus near Taunggyi. The Burman Woman’s Bible School is carried on b y Miss Ruth Ranney and -Miss Harriet Phinney. It shows the same polyglot mixture as the men's school. One o f the Taungthus graduates has returned to Taunggyi and is showing b y her intelligence and willingness to work how much the school has benefited her, and we hope, through her, her people. The school has had a severe year because o f the influenza epidemic. There were five graduates out of a registration o f seventeen. These five repre­ sented four races; two Chins returned to Sandoway, one Karen to Tavoy, one Taungthu to Taunggyi, and one Burman to Rangoon. However, es­ pecially encouraging signs are noticed. The harmony that has prevailed among all the different races is most gratifying. There has been a deeper, more intelligent prayer life among the pupils. The good record made 1920] THE BURMA MISSION 107

by two former graduates on an evangelistic trip with a missionary is a most promising sign for the future.

AGRICULTURAL AND TRADES SCHOOLS Realizing that something should be done to better the economic con­ dition in Burma the mission has approved plans for the establishment of an Agricultural School at Pyinmana and a school of Industrial and Me­ chanical trades at Moulmein. The plans for the Agricultural School were developed by Mr. Case and those of the Trades School by Mr. Darrow. O f the later school Mr. Darrow writes: “Two general lines of trades will be taught at the beginning, namely, the building trades and the machinery trades. W e will endeavor to teach boys who have only a primary education some useful trade, while boys who have a fair knowledge of English and have entered the high school grades will be trained to become foremen contractors, leaders in modern industrial life. The character of the school will be thoroughly Christian. Its aim will be the building of Christian character and the systematic train­ ing in the theory of the trades so that its students may rise to positions £>f industrial leadership.” The cost of the school is estimated at Rs. 500,000 of which the government will provide half. The American Baptist Foreign Mission Society will undertake to provide Rs. 100,000 and the re­ mainder of the cost will be secured in Burma. A wealthy Buddhist gave impetus to the scheme by guaranteeing to pay towards its initial cost Rs. 50,000. The establishment of an agricultural school at Pyinmana at a cost of Rs. 200,000 has been sanctioned by the Board and the govern­ ment of Burma which is bearing half the expense. Since eighty per cent, of our Christians and of the entire Burman population gain their liv­ ing from agriculture and since our people are finding it increasingly difficult to make an adequate living in its pursuit, this school will meet a fundamental need in making secure the economic foundations for a self- supporting and self-propagating native church.

MEDICAL WORK

The report under this head is chiefly that of one institution. The medical work in the Shan States and on the frontiers will be dealt with under the Shan and Chin work. In the Shan States, under Shan rulers and destitute of Government hospitals, the door is open and the call loud und insistent for aggressive and wide-spread medical work. Tens of thousands with no medical aid suffer unrelieved. Hundreds might through this ministry^ be won to Christ, yet at present they are neglected. The Ellen Mitchell Memorial Hospital, Moulmein, ground for which was broken in May, 1917, was ready for use in August. 1918. The building was opened by His Honor the Lieutenant Governor. The average num­ ber of in-patients during the year was fifteen, with an average contribu­ tion of o\er Rs. 12 a day. The number of patients and the professional 108 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

calls in the outlaying districts are constantly increasing. The patients include representatives from fifteen different races. Christ is preached to them in the hospital and as Dr. Gifford says, “A goodly number from heathen villages have listened to the old, old story, which was as new to them as if it had all happened two days instead of two thousand years ago!” The hospital was started as a training institution for nurses. Dr. Gifford reports, “Seven nurses have been in training during the year. All are Christians who have undertaken the work for the most part with a desire ‘not to be ministered unto but to minister.’ Each morning they meet with Miss Maxville for a short period of Bible study and devotion before taking up their duties for the day. They show considerable eagerness to learn, are willing to work, and note any improvement in a patient’s phjrsical or spiritual condition with joy. They have increased our ability to help, and we trust will continue to be real blessings after they have left our doors.”

THE MISSION PRESS

The American Baptist Mission Press, known throughout Burma, is one of that solid and stable class of institutions that, under mission con­ trol, are doing so much for the East. Its missionary influence in the great business streams of the country in which it has been placed, tends constantly to purity and honor. The missionary staff of the Press consists of Mr. Phinney, Mr. Snyder, Mr. Miner and Miss Hastings, who form the press council which meets fortnightly for frank discussion of prob­ lems pertaining to the work. The Burma Mission maintains a voice in its management through a press advisory committee elected annually by the conference. The amount of business done last year is indicated by the receipts Rs. 827,682, an increase over the preceding year of eleven and three-eighths per cent. The accounts are audited by the leading firm of certificated accountants in Rangoon. An enormous amount of free literature for various religious and educational institutions is published annually, the expense of which is covered by receipts from commercial work. The increased demands upon the press make necessary constant addi­ tions to its equipment, every purchase of which is carefully considered by the press council. Antiquated or inefficient machinery is sold as occasion offers and replaced by modern equipment. During the past year there have been put into operation new electric driven Miehle and Kelly Auto­ matic presses and a new Oswego cutting machine for the bindery de­ partment A second Miehle press is waiting to be set up and orders have been placed for a two-side ruling machine and a new linotype machine which will set English and any other language using the Roman alphabet, such as the Kachin and the Chin. An order has also bee« placed for two linotypes to set Sgaw Karen, designs for which were prepared by Mr. Phinney but production of which was interrupted by the 1920] THE BURMA MISSION 109

war. Many minor items have been added so that the press is today acknowledged the best equipped and most up-to-date printing establish­ ment in India. The expense for additional equipment is all met by the income of the press. Eighty-six publications on educational or religious topics, several of which were for the Christian Literature Society and other publishers using the vernaculars of Burma, were undertaken or issued during the past year. For our own Mission the Press has pub­ lished in Burmese “A Commentary on Mark,” and Prof. Smith’s “ Paul an Apostle,” both by Dr. Eveleth; two Dictionaries, one by Dr. Eveleth and one by Tun Nyein: in Sgaw Karen “A Commentary on Mark” by Dr. Smith; “Daily Homily, Numbers,” by Miss Eastman; “Personal Effort for the Unconverted,” by Dr. Smith; and a Hymn and Tune Book; in Pwo Karen a new anna edition of the New Testament: in Kachin some finely engraved copybooks, Geography, Arithmetic and Reading Books by Mr. Ingram; in Shan The Gospels and the Acts; in Talain Joshua and First Samuel; in Chin Romanized Gospels and the Acts by Mrs. Carson. In addition to these the press has published for an English Baptist missionary an illustrated edition of Bible stories printed in the Burmese character but in the Mogi language, and a catechism in Lisu, printed in modified Roman characters for work across the northern border of Burma. Burma greatly needs new literature. W e have the mechanical equipment necessary to meet this need, but we must have more producers. To meet this situation Dr. Tilbe has this year been set apart for this im­ portant phase of our missionary work.

WORK AMONG THE SHANS

A million Shans cluster around the lowland rice fields in the valleys of northeastern Burma and numerous others, as yet uncounted, stretch away into China beyond Taifer. All this region is Shan country quite as much as Burma proper is Burmese. The language is Shan, entirely different from that of Burma. The government is under Shan princes ruling separate states each of which, at least in Burma, has its own taxes, budget, police and government machinery. As a rule Shans are pleasant and hospitable. W e have been working among them for over sixty years, during which time five stations have been opened, but as yet only two missionaries, Dr. Harper of Namkham and Dr. Gibbens of Mongnai, are giving their full time to Shan work. Yet these people are not hostile to Christianity. They are polite but indifferent. A dis­ interested love is quite beyond their comprehension. There must be some selfish motive behind what we are doing. Whenever and however we can convince them by patient interest and practical deeds that we really love them we shall find a key to their hearts. W ork of our medical mission­ aries is a great power towards this end. A t Namkham, in a valley twenty miles long and four or five wide, Dr. Harper is in the center of 193 large villages with a population of 100,000. With the veranda of his house 110 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

as an operating room and weighed down with the care and responsibility of schools and other mission work he has treated during the past year over 8,000 patients. Kengtung, a large, thickly populated and wealthy valley, with a hospital already built, has been waiting many years for a medical missionary. Even without a doctor Rs. 3,000 worth of medicines were sold here last year. A t Mongnai the medical work has made a pro­ found impression upon the inhabitants. A small dispensary in Taunggyi, open only two or three hours a day, treated 3,346 patients during the year. Here in Shanland are splendid fields, waiting for consecrated lives. As a whole the hill tribes have shown a comparative readiness to accept Christianity, the first manifestations of which came from the Lahus at Kengtung. Thousands were baptized and returned to their villages but the missionary forces were not large enough to give them the necessary oversight and many drifted back into heathen customs. In the words of a villager “W e wanted religion, there was no one to teach us yours, so we went back to the old.” W^ith quiet unconscious heroism Karens from lower Burma have scattered through these inaccessible hills, as pastors and teachers of the Lahus, sometimes being isolated from the outside- world for months owing to swollen mountain streams. These are among the unseen potent influences of God’s Kingdom measured only by Himself.

WORK AMONG THE BURMANS

It is well to recall the fact that we are now before the great citadel barring the way to the conquest of Burma by Christ. The Burmans in Burma, as the Shans in the Shan States, are the keystone and buttress of this great country and until they are won for Christ Buddhism can scoff at Christianity. The difference in conditions of work in the Burma and the hill fields is vividly illustrated in a report by Mr. Parish from the Chins, one of the hill tribes. Mr. Parish writes: “One hard part of the work is that they live so far back in the jungle. On a recent trip to one of their villages I went way back from the railroad sixteen miles, fourteen of which I walked.” Hill work means weeks at a time in the jungle, fording streams, tramping day after day up and down rocky mountain paths. The life of the hill missionary is filled with a variety and romance from which the Burman missionary is largely' shut out. The fight has been long and hard but in many ways the Burman work seems passing into a new stage. As to victory over heathen difficulties let the following statements tes­ tify: “With one exception no parent or pupil has lodged any objection to participation in Bible study. This exception was a Mohammedan boy who at first refused to recite in the Bible period. He has now expressed his desire to become a Christian.” Again, “A student in the Pyapon Government school came out openly for Christ. His mother commanded him not to offer himself for baptism. Hi1 replied, ‘Mother, I have always obeyed you in everything, and I shall continue to obey you except in this 1920] THE BURMA MISSION 111 one thing. I am a Christian now and I shall soon be baptized/ And this he did braving much persecution.” Mr. Lewis of Tharrawaddy writes: “Christianity is making a gradual impression on the Buddhists. Our standards of morals are higher as a Buddhist priest told me when I visited him in his lonely retreat in the monastary. ‘Why is it?’ he asked. I told him that it was the unique power that Christ gave us to live pure lives. To which he replied, ‘Give me your Holy Book to study, and if I find the way more perfectly written there, I will forsake Buddhism and be baptized.’ ” In Tavoy, Bible schools, being opened in the vicinity of Buddhist lay schools despite strong opposition by the Buddhist teachers, have enrolled 750 pupils. In nine months by means of a wayside zayat, they have met from fifty villages 4,037 people, sixty-four of whom have shown special interest. Mr. Case states that there has been a net gain of six hundred in the Burma Mission during the last two years. There were 560 baptisms last year. A note of crumbling opposition and weak­ ening defences is characteristic of many reports. At Pegu the meeting house is well filled every Friday and Sunday night with heathen audiences and Buddhists do not regularly attend the Christian services unless they are thinking seriously about Christianity. In this field thirteen Chins, ten Burmans, seven Chinamen, five Karens and one Anglo-Indian have been baptized. Mr. Streeter reports, “Never have we sold Scripture portions more easily. In several places we were asked to come again, and in one place they said that if we could come often a break from Buddhism would be made.” Mr. Roach reports that the baptisms in the Prome field number 102, more than double the average for the past ten years. In Zigon, wrhere the evangelists have largely worked alone, the number of baptisms is the largest for many years. A t Mogok, in the Ruby Mines, far removed from any missionary, the Christians have subscribed Rs. 700 for a permanent church building, and there is every prospect of a self-supporting church. The Mandalay church, though still needing occasional guidance, is largely independent. It has a good Sunday school, wide awake women’s meetings, maintains two outside Sunday schools, and has baptized two adults and five school boys. This church royally entertained the Aungbinle association and has pledged Rs. 1000 for the coming convention. Katha, under the Burman preachers, reports eight baptisms. The Moulmein church, an independent organization under Saya Ah Syoo supporting three evangelists, has conducted a noteworthy series of special meetings in the town. But, in spite of these encouraging reports of progress, should we as Baptists feel satisfied with what we are doing for Burma? Let us look at these immense fields: Sagaing with 312,000 population, 200 miles of river district, six townships, one of which has 54,000 in­ habitants has one missionary family and three preachers; Pegu, with 450,000. has one missionary family; Moulmein, with six townships in the Thaton, and eight in the Amherst districts; Mandalay, with Mr. 112 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

Tribolet trying to reach points at Mogok, Hsipaw, Lashio, and Namtu, hundreds of miles away from his base. Let us look at these and than see the thin line of missionaries and the enormous task before them. A great cry goes ringing across the seas from Burma to America, Mr. Tribolet must have a principal for his high school. Mr. Grigg pleads for two men for Sagaing. Mr. Hanna has left a vacancy at Kengtung to take up the Riverine work from Sagaing to Katha, made possible by gifts from a Christian merchant in Rangoon and Tremont Temple in Boston. Another man is needed for the inland touring. Miss Parish has .had to leave for America and the burdens of the school and this immense district rest on Mr. Parish. Mrs. Mosier is holding on alone in the very difficult Bhamo field until help can come. But far greater is the inarticulate cry from the multitudes as yet unevangelized for whom American Baptists are responsible.

MISSION TO THE KARENS

The work among the Karens has the charm of numbers. There are 55,000 converts and these are looked after from thirteen different centers. This means that each center, usually with only one missionary to do the traveling, must on an average look after four thousand Christians scattered throughout innumerable villages so that the work of the mis­ sionary becomes largely that of a Bishop in the Bible sense. Many teach­ ers look to him for guidance and'help. An attractive feature of the work among the Karens is their generosity and ability to work together thus making the accomplishment of big things possible. The Sgaw Karen Mission in Bassein with its big school and sawmill is the best illustration of this. Dr. Cronkhite reports from this station of 3965 members con­ tributions of Rs. 42,000 towards the building and endowment funds. Our hope of success is through their real evangelistic zeal and only through this has our present success been made possible. Hidden away in obscure villages, with little financial support, sharing the lives and hardships of the inhabitants and often hungry at heart for sympathy, the Karen preachers are doing some of the most splendid and important work of the mission. It is easily seen that the amount of work to be done on the Karen fields is limited only by the strength of the individual. One may travel by bullock carts on the plains, boats in the delta, or climb up and down the sides of the hills and mountains and yet not cover the field in anything like a satisfactory manner. Missionaries in the hills feel that they are doing well if they can visit their Christian villages ornx- a year. In spite of these difficulties much is being accomplished. There was a total of 2,900 baptisms on the Karen fields last year. Mr. Heptonstall writes: “The faith of the Karen Christians seems to be stronger than in recent years. Death has taken away a number of teachers and pastors but. others are taking up their work with zeal and earnestness. Baptisms are reported from some villages which have seemed almost dead 1920] THE BURMA MISSION 113 for years.” An English, officer writes: “I am sure if my predecessors of ten and twenty years ago were to see the Karens now they would not take them for the same race. This great change for the better is en­ tirely the work of your mission. You are fortunate in your Catechists. I met several. They are true apostles, many burying themselves in re­ mote and, to them, foreign places. I noted how much cleaner and healthier-looking your Christians were than the old Karen.” The Karen Mission has two associations and at the North association in March the proposition was made by a layman that a Home Mission Fund be raised, the interest from which is to be used to send preachers into heathen districts. Over Rs. 900 were raised on the spot and placed in the hands of the missionary to be banked. More money has come in since and two men have been sent out unto a hitherto unworked district. At the associa­ tion meeting a resolution was also passed favoring the raising of Rs. 10,000 to enlarge the town chapel as a memorial to Dr. Bunker. This is to be raised in two years and committees were appointed to take the matter in hand at once. About one-third of the money has already been raised.

MISSION TO THE CHINS

Work among the Chins has its headquarters in two stations, Haka and Tiddim, far up in the hills. Haka is the only one at present occupied. The prevailing religion of these people is the worship of evil spirits. Sickness is cured by sacrificing and the hiring of spirits not to torment them. Sickness was terribly prevalent last year. Influenza swept away at least 5,000 of the 120,000 Chins. Besides there were epidemics of smallpox, cholera and malaria, and leprosy made great inroads in their numbers. One difficulty in our work is the attitude of the chiefs who are anti-Christian. As no school can be established without their permission, little can be done among them. Color the above with three years of successive bad crops, in some parts barely enough for one month’s supply, and add to this rebellion by some of the villages with its consequent punishment and you have the background for the Chin missionary’s work. The opening sentence of Mr. Cope’s report, says: “It has been a good year for the Chin Hill Mission.” The seed sowing of the past years is coming to fruitage and the Chins are at last beginning to understand. One hundred and fourteen of these people have been led to Christ. To supply the lack of a missionary at Tiddim a monthly paper has been started for these people, which may prove to be one of the most important developments of the year. Pyinthaung Kyauk, a Chin center, with fifty-seven baptisms shows the largest gain. W ork was started here about four years ago. In 1917 it wa> the worst village in the district, being the center for opium trade and cattle stealing. It was known as the home of thieves and robbers, and the Deputy Commission had considered abolishing the settlement. About this time eight members were baptized and a Chin Christian headman was put in charge ox the village. Now 114 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

everything is changed. During the past year a self-supporting school was established. Some of the worst characters, who had often been in jail for the use and sale of whisky and opium, have been converted. Twenty-four members were recently baptized here at one time.

MISSION TO THE KACHINS The Kachins are a hill people scattered through the mountains which lie between Burma and China, and Burma and Assam. They are spirit worshippers with shockingly low morals. Among these people the Gospel has made its way. Dr. Hanson at Namkham has translated much of the Scripture into their dialects and Mr. Ingram has been busy during later years in preparing school books. There are mission schools in Bhamo, Myitkyina, and Namkham, besides some government schools. Some power seems to be at work among them, in spite of their selfishness and sin, drawing them to Christ. From two reports 110 baptisms are recorded. Dr. Harper reports fifty-four baptisms, twenty-five school children and twenty-nine adults; and Mr. Weodbury fifty-six, eighteen children and thirty-eight adults, and twenty more asking for baptism. Both Dr. Harper and Mr. Woodbury are encouraged over the work of the schools.

WORK AMONG THE CHINESE AND INDIANS Missions to the Chinese and Indians naturally fall as a division of our Burman work, for economic conditions in China and India are causing many inhabitants of these hardpressed countries to cross over the bound­ ary line in search of a more easy living. W e have been very slow to take up any form of organized work among the Chinese, although in Rangoon work has been carried on for some time by a Chinese preacher under the direction of the city mission society. All over Burma, mostly in the bigger cities to which they have come seeking wrork, the Chinese almost without any effort by the missionaries present themselves asking for baptism. Difficulties in the way of the work are the lack of trained men to look after the converts, and their tendency to drift from place to place following opportunities for work. The lack of workers is par­ tially being met by men from Swatow Academy. How wonderful these facts are when put side by side with conditions of religious work in China twenty years ago. While this wrork has been thrust upon us we realize that the virile character of the Chinese and their increasing num­ bers unite to make this a task that must have increasing attention. In Mandalay Mr. Tribolet says: “W e are anxious to start a Chinese de­ partment in our high school and I am sure thousands of Chinese towns­ men would appreciate it.” A t the request of the Chinese themselves Mr. Grigg has been appointed to take oversight of the Chinese work. The Indian work has been organized many years and of late has been under the care of Rev. Ernest N. Armstrong. The new pastor of the Tamil-Telugu church now has congregations five times as lar^e as 1920] THE BURMA MISSION 115 formerly and this is the difficult season of the year to work with the Indians as they are away in the fields. Two Indian evangelists found over one hundred coolies who were either connected with our work or that of the Canadian Baptist on the other side of the Bay of Bengal. Mr. Streeter in Tavoy is working among all kinds of people from India. Other significant happenings in the Indian work are the arrival of Mr. and Mrs. Duff to devote their efforts to these people and the proposed school and institutional church building in Rangoon to replace the exceedingly shabby and antiquated buildings now occupied.

WORK AMONG ANGLO-INDIANS In Burma the Baptists were the first to establish a distinct Anglo- Indian work. Today this is carried on at three centers— Rangoon, Moul­ mein and Insein. There is a combined primary and high school for boys and girls in Rangoon, with an attendance of 151, a similar school for girls only in Moulmein with an attendance of over one hundred, seventy- six of whom are boarders. The year 1919 wras one of unusual prosperity. The spirit of the school was never better. W e have a company of girl guides what has been a stimulus to better service, more harmony and stronger lives. It has been a joy to see the girls grow in grace and develop in Christian character. The school prayer meetings and the Sunday school have brought forth fruit. More than half of the senior department in the all India Sunday school examination were in the honors class. During the holidays several o f the old girls came back, four are in college, two are teachers, and one is in a commercial house. All were glad to be back and spoke of what the school had done for them. There are churches at Rangoon in charge of Mr. Dyer, Moulmein in charge of Mr. Grigg, and Maymyo in charge of Mr. Baldwin. There are great possibilities for the work among Anglo- Indians. In 1863 Bishop Cotton said that “until the Anglo-Indian problem is solved no European Mission in India can prosper.”

BURMA BAPTIST ORPHANAGE

A receiving home for the Burma Mission Orphanage has been pur­ chased and repaired at a cost of over Rs. 14,000. More than fifty orphans are being supported and educated in our Anglo-vernacular mission schools. The committees have found this a work of joy. No American money has gone into the effort and we have been able, thus far, to receive all orphans for whom application has been made.

MOULMEIN LEPER ASYLUM

The Moulmein Leper Asylum was opened by Dr. Mitchell and Miss Haswell about twenty-five years ago, and has been continuously under the supervision of our mission ever since. The average number of inmates 116 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

in the asylum is about fifty. In all the history of this institution no appli­ cation has been made to our Society for financial assistance. The work is supported almost entirely by local funds and government contributions The Society to Lepers aids with a small appropriation each year.

WORK AMONG THE TALAINS The evangelistic work among the Talains has gone forward quietly tinder their own leadership. The average number of baptisms ^ is about fifty each year. One cause for rejoicing is that Mg. Chit Pyu, a, teacher in the Judson boys’ high school, has offered to give up his school work and give his entire time and strength to evangelistic work among his own Talain people. He is a man of good training and of splendid spirit. When men of this type offer themselves for the evangelistic work we may expect larger returns.

DOES BURMA NEED REENFORCEMENTS?

To supervise seven schools, direct the activities of eight churches, be personally responsible for the spiritual welfare of 600 members and preach the gospel to 100,000 is the average task of each Baptist mission­ ary in Burma today. There are forty-three mission fields in Burma, the average population of which exceeds the city of Providence by fifty thousand, with an average of three missionaries to a field. One thousand seventy-nine Baptist churches an average of twenty-five to each Burman field, have a total membership of 70,000 or an average of 1,800 to each field, 72 to each church and 600 to each missionary. There are 818 mission schools in Burma, twenty to a field and an average of seven to be supervised by each missionary. Rangoon, the great metropolis, has a cosmopolitan population of 343,- 000, one-third of whom are Burmese, and only three missionaries are able to give their full time to work among them. In this same city there are. 150,000 Indians, more than the entire population of the city of Hart­ ford, for whom there are only two missionaries and 53,000 Chinese who are without a missionary at all. There are also in Rangoon 40,000 Anglo- Indians and only two missionaries who can give their full time to this important element of the population. Burma, the oldest American Baptist mission field in the world, has today 134 Christian missionaries for 12,500,000 people, one missionary to every 93,283 inhabitants. In Mandalay, that ancient capital city of 143,000 people there are 11,000 priests, one to every thirteen inhabitants, spread­ ing the doctrine of Buddhism and only twelve evangelical missionaries, one to every 12,000 to teach the saving gospel of Jesus Christ. THE ASSAM MISSION Compiled by Rev. Wm. Pettigrew. N T H E words of one of our missionaries in Assam, the reports Ifrom the several stations are unusually full of hopeful indications, if the fields could only be tilled and reaped. One very marked indica­ tion is the way in which native leaders and the rank and file of the converts are assuming their rightful share of responsibility in propo- gating the gospel message and their willingness to give in an increasing measure the support needed to carry on the work. This might be put forward as an argument in favor of the policy of late years of leaving many ffelds without the supervision of the missionary. Assam is not yet ready for such a policy and will not be for many years to come. The millions yet untouched by the Christian message, the low rate of among those who are joining the forces of righteousness, the low level of moral thinking and action in those who are yet imperfectly taught, these among other backward tendencies demand the continued presence and teaching of the missionary. The policy of leaving established mis­ sion stations without resident missionaries is becoming a chronic condi­ tion in this mission. The fact that one missionary in the plains of Assam has had put upon him the care of no less than six other fields besides his own during the past year, makes one hope that the limit has been reached and the near future made bright with promise for taking care and bringing to a triumphal conclusion the hopeful conditions that are portrayed in the reports. These can be summarized in a few lines in a general report but one can read between the lines and realize some­ thing of the feelings and hopes rising continually in the minds of the devoted men and women who are “staying by the stuff.” The large number of baptisms among the Ao Nagas and in Manipur among the Kukis and Tangkhul Nagas; the partial relief from war conditions; the end of the local war with the Kukis; the absence of influenza in an epidemic form which cast such a gloom over the work in all the fields of Assam; and the hopeful outlook based on the encouraging news regard­ ing the New World Movement and its Survey are events of the year which despite the great need of workers bring hope and cheer once more to the toilers for the Master in Assam. There are also shown some in­ teresting developments which give promise of greater things in the near future, such as the development of the Jornat Christian Schools to normal and new technical grades; the taking over by the government of the boys school at Tura in the Garo hills, leaving the students however under missionary supervision in the Christian hostel; the Lewis Memorial 117 118 AJMER1CAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

Hostel for college students at Gauhati nearing completion, and appli­ cants already nearly equal to the whole number that can be accommodated.

EVANGELISTIC WORK IN THE PLAINS

A t Sadiya an increased willingness and ability of the church to handle matters itself are manifested. Twenty-eight baptisms are re­ ported for the whole field, and as a matter of joy and interest the first Abor hillman has been baptized. Rev. J. Paul writes of the splendid spirit shown by the Christians of Sibsagor at their association meetings in spite of the many losses by death, and of the many sick and suffering relatives through the influenza epidemic during the last months of 1918. The work of the churches during the year showed that it was the most independent and the most fruitful of any year in the Sibsagar district. There were 154 baptisms. During the absence of Rev. and Mrs. Firth on their much delayed furlough Mr. Paul in addition to his own work at Sibsagor cared for the evangelistic work in the North Lakhimpur district for six months when he too had to leave Assam on account of bad health. A remark worth noting is Mr. Paul’s conviction that North Lakhim- pur is a place of death, the natives die in larger numbers than in other parts of Assam. No man or woman from America should be allowed to remain there more than five years at a time. A new bungalow is badly needed, and the question of removing to a more central and more healthy place should be seriously considered. Rev. O. L. Swanson states that the churches in the Golaghat field are growing both in numbers and in strength so that it is now a question whether the Golaghat and Sibsagor Associations should not be divided into two associations. During the month of the evange­ listic campaign a large number of our Christian people volunteered to go out and preach in the markets and neighboring villages. Am ong the more than 200 baptisms during the year in this district are several high caste Assamese families. Owing to the absence of missionaries, due to furlough and other causes. Rev. O. L. Swanson in addition to his own field work during the year, has tried as far as it was physically possible, and with the help of the mission auto to keep in touch if not actually visit the Gauhati, north and south banks, Mongoldai, Nowgong, North Lakhim- pur and Darrang fields, and Tika in the Mikir hills. His reports of several long tours in the N ow gong district, tell of coming into contact with the workers who have thus been kept active and inspired to do more efficient work. The Mongoldai district, practically a new one in our mission, and for which plans are made for permanent occu­ pation later shows most marked progress, and the reports from both pastors and school teachers were most encouraging, evincing 1920] THE ASSAM MISSION 119 a gradual healthy growth. In the Gauhati field on both banks of the river no visiting was possible, but the presence among the Christian community of a number of men with good strong characters, well qualified in many ways as teachers or leaders, assures the missionary who has to depend upon reports that the work is being cared for. North Lakhimpur and Darrang Fields and Tika were not visited by the missionary but his efficient helper Rev. Tonoram made an ex­ tended tour visiting all the churches and reporting that most of them were in a healthy spiritual condition.

EVANGELISTIC WORK IN THE HILLS

With the exception of four of the fifty-five villages, Rev. J. R. Bailey, M.D., of Impur has visited every village in the A o tribe, and several of the Miri tribe. H e has preached in every village visited, and the evangelistic work has shown good results. This yrear has been at­ tended with an extra large number of conversions and baptisms. He himself baptized 487 converts and the other workers 257, making u total of 744. There is a general interest among the Christians that points to active missionary work later when the A o Nagas can be persuaded to leave their home village for active work in a distant village. This was shown by their interest in gathering for mission work among their own people Rs 556, and for work among the Miris Rs 728. The A o Association had the largest attendance yet registered, and the whole spiritual attitude of the meetings was a great tribute to the power of the gospel. No report has come from Kohima as the missionary is absent on furlough. The outstanding event of the past year in the history of Manipur is the completion of the Kuki expedition by the military police, the settling down of the twenty odd tribes within its borders to peaceful times once more, the resumption of mission work which was stopped for eighteen months on account of the expedition, and last but by no means least the revelation of faithful stewardship and increased evangelistic zeal of the Christian communities scattered on the east and west of the valley. Within six months of the resumption of our work in this State, the organized churches have increased from three to seven. There are now seventeen groups of Christian communities where there were only five before the war, and the church membership has increased from 335 to 546. Native workers also increased from ten to twenty-eight, and entirely self-supporting churches from two to lour. The second association held at the new headquarters of the .mission at Kangpokpi was interesting in that about 300 men and women from tribes who were at bitter warfare with each other only a few months before were gathered together in peace and faith in the one God and Saviour Jesus Christ. Rev. G . G. Crozier, M.D. who has been designated to work with Rev. William Fctuirrew sums 120 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

up his impressions as follows, “ W e have attended many associational meetings in the Garo hills in our fifteen years there, but none where there was manifested greater efficiency, deeper spiritual earnestness or greater passion for making known the glad message to all the region around. To help give effect to this passion they organized the Manipur Mission Society with the ambition to start supporting five workers in regions closed against foreign mission work in this State, and pledges of money among themselves were given enough to sup­ port two nearly one year.” From Tura Mrs. *M. C. Mason reports that no missionary has done any touring among the Garos the past year, and that they have no evangelistic missionary. The women alone in the churches con­ tribute from 60 to 100 rupees according to the location of the church, some of the smaller ones doing more than the larger ones.

EDUCATIONAL WORK IN THE PLAINS At Sadiya the Abor school for boys in the station is larger than ever before, over twenty-five pupils attending. One of the greatest joys of the missionary has been the work with these lads. The record made by the girls school was indeed gratifying. Tw o of the girls ob­ tained “Honor Diplomas" in the government examination, out of the ten which were given in all Assam. The chief commissioner of Assam has now expressed his approval of the plan of the mission and gov­ ernment uniting in large educational work for girls in Sadiya, and has requested plans and estimates for the proposed building. Rev. W . E. Witter, D .D. reporting on the student work at Gauhati writes, “ On our books we have a list of 639 different boys who have come to our bungalow during the year, of course many of them coming over and over again, and each day, almost, adding new names to this number. O f these by far the larger number are college boys or law college men or business or professional men.” He also tells of the innumerable interesting conversations and incidents of the year, but “ I can only say that it seems to us that we have never before come so close to the young men spiritually nor had such responses from them as during this year. There seems to be a wonderful open mindedness towards our religion and our Jesus, and several have made known that they are truly trusting in Him as their God and their Saviour, though they have not yet taken an open stand by joining themselves with the Christians.” A t the time this report went to press no report had been received from Jorhat regarding the work of the Jorhat Christian Schools.

EDUCATIONAL WORK IN THE HILLS

An important work at Kohima is done by the station school. It enrolled a hundred pupils during the year under the direction of 1920] THE ASSAM MISSION 121 seven teachers besides Dr. and Mrs. S. W . Rivenburg. Recognition of this school as worth while has manifestly increased among teachers and pupils alike. It has taken years to reach this, for it was impos­ sible to get people to take a really serious view of education. In recent years the aim has been to bring the school at Im pur up to middle English standard. There are 136 in attendance at the Impur school, and 477 in the prim ary schools in the villages. The station school is manned by seven teachers with the help of the missionary in charge of the school, and Miss Stevenson has given excellent help the latter part of the year in music as well as in other lines of teaching. The sixth standard school at Ukhrul in the Manipur State has kept on without a break in spite of war and a military outpost sta­ tioned within a few yards of the school. Attendance at the end of the year was 97. The new school at Kangpokpi was opened in De­ cember and over fifty are in attendance with every prospect of its fulfilling the object of making it the middle English school for the hill people of Manipur. The village schools among the Tangkhul Nagas and Kukis have increased from six to fifteen, the number of pupils from 157 to 463, among whom about 130 have accepted Christ and have been baptized. Among the Tangkhuls one village school has already resulted in the organization of a church of forty-seven members with thirty-three baptisms, and whose members have gone out to neighboring villages and are doing excellent work. Dr. Crozier writes, ‘‘W e have put the management of the schools among the Tangkhul Nagas very largely into the hands of the Tangkhul Christ­ ians, and that has greatly quickened their interest and activity among their own people.” MEDICAL ACTIVITY Toward the latter part of the year Rev. H. W. Kirby M.D. and Mrs. Kirby were transferred from Sadiya to Jorhat. Another mis­ sionary writes, “Medicine put up by Dr. Kirby for the missionaries in the plains is extending blessings over a large area.” At Kohima medical work has been confined largely to giving out medicines from the office and visiting people in their homes. Dr. Bailey reports a most prosperous year at Impur. Alm ost 100 patients came and remained for a course of treatment. With very few ex­ ceptions the patients all returned home cured or greatly benefited. They also carried home with them pleasant memories. Much of this kindly feeling is due to Mrs. Bailey, who as chief assistant had charge of all his in-patients and of the dispensary during his absence in camp. About 5000 out-patients were treated and nearly 1000 free treatments given the Impur school boys and girls. Over 200 sick calls were made throughout the district, fifty minor operations were performed, and a total of over 7000 treatments were given. To 122 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report do this work many hundreds of miles had to be travelled on pony, and when paths were too steep, on foot. The death of Dr. Beni Kenowar has been a decided blow to the medical work. His influence for good was great among the Miri tribe among whom he was em­ ployed as a government agent. Dr. Crozier was released from military service in May of last year and since coming to Manipur has carried on medical work daily amid other duties. He feels the need of such work much greater than among the Garos. The people come more freely, and with more confidence. His work is supported by prayerful and sympathetic groups who go for singing and for prayer to the homes of the sick. A small leper colony has been started near the new mission compound. Dr. J. A. Ahlquist of Tura reports the health of the missionaries has kept good during the year. The dispensary which is housed in the hospital building has been a busy place, and there has been a decided increase in sales. There has been no opportunity for a visit to the villages, schools and churches, but many requests come for simple but effective medicines. There were 3415 new cases treated in the Tura dispensary^, and 1620 in Bajmara, a total of 5035 new cases, and total treatments number 5954. LITERARY WORK At Kohima the Gospels of Mathew and John which have long been out of print were revised and made ready for the press. They are urgently" needed for readers in the schools. Mr. Longwell at Impur reports the one definite literary achieve­ ment of the year as the New A o Naga Hymn Book. Spelling has been revised throughout, and fifty new hymns have been added, and 2000 copies have been printed. Preparation of the Sunday school lessons has required a good deal of translating as the International Series is followed, and many of the lessons were in scriptures not yet available in the vernacular. Mrs. Longwell amidst other duties has had this arduous task to perform during the year. Rev. M. C. Mason, D .D . at Tura reports progress in the translation of the Old Testament; I. and II. Kings, I. Chronicles and 24 chapters of II. Chronicles being completed. First draft of the remaining twelve chapters, together with the books of Ezra, Nehemiah and Esther' has been made as well as the book of Isaiah by Dr. Phillips now in the United States. Revision of the eleven chapters of Mark, the Gospels of Luke and John has been completed. Printing has been delayed be­ cause of labor difficulties in Calcutta. The following have been print­ ed :— the balance of the book of Psalms, the books of Samuel, and I. Kings of the Old Tpstament; Mathew, Mark and eight chapters of Luke of the New Testament. Also considerable attention has been given to the preparation ol Guru Readers for the school text book.i, the manuscripts of which are now in the hands of the government. THE SOUTH INDIA MISSION Compiled by Mrs. J. S. Timpany OR a number of years the great overshadowing event was the war. F W e looked forward with great longing for the end and the time when Indian life would settle down once more in customary channels. Great plans were made for advance along various lines of missionary work, when this day should come, but more than a year has passed since the last shot was fired and India has not settled down. In fact the period under review has been more unsettled than previous years. Political and economic conditions have been acute. With the passing of the war all classes looked for a return to normal prices and conditions. Mr. Longley, in his report, voices the sentiment of most of our stations, “The year has drawn to a close and the turmoil, strife and hardship seem more than before. Although foreign goods have again commenced to appear in greater quantities in the market, the prices are still very high. Through­ out the year, the merchants have continued to ask, ‘When is the price of cloth coming down?’ The failure of another monsoon, together with hoarding and profiteering by the merchants, has kept the price of grain at unheard of figures. During the year these prices have steadily risen until at present the people are desperate. Never in the great famines of the past have there been such conditions.” Mr. Davis adds this testimony regarding the situation in Allur. “The physical conditions on the field are bad. The cost of living has been multiplied by three and the value of a rupee has just that much diminished. The mission workers throughout are facing a serious problem. They are experiencing a cut in pay of about 60 per cent, through the diminished power of the rupee.” These conditions create problems serious enough in themselves but the repeated failure of monsoons brought famine through­ out the greater part of our mission and the great masses of people were face to face with starvation. Our Deccan stations suffered the most. The government sought in every way possible to aid the missionaries to meet this terrible condition and from America and other Christian countries came relief sufficient to enable the missionaries to present a practical Christianity to these starving multitudes. Mr. Baker writes, “ Prices rose sky high and embargoes were placed on one district after another against shipping out grain to any other district. Merchants were buying at high prices every available store of grain and storing it for still advanced rates. In many places riots broke out which only served to tighten the situation still more. Missionaries and village officials began to press the government for immediate action 123 124 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

which was taken. The higher officials of Ongole township were mosi sympathetic and secured for philanthropic applicants hundreds of tons of rice at low prices. Mrs. Baker became a merchant and every day for months sold at cost the rice we were able to secure. Our total transac­ tions amounted to $3000. W e were able to stop the rise of price and even succeeded in lowering it. which was an effectual form of famine aid.” The Nalgonda and Sooriapett fields suffered perhaps more than any others. Regarding these Mr. Unruh writes, “The sufferings were endless. To see it was dreadful: to experience it was painful: and not being able to help, unbearable. After great trials and at a time when the need seemed greatest, help came.” Mr. Hubert says, regarding the famine days at Sooriapett, “Wherever we went we saw famine, we heard famine and we felt famine. It has to be experienced to understand full}' what it means to see hundreds of hungry people, from sheer weakness, fall and rise only to fall again. They often stagger about like drunken people. This wras our daify sight for many weeks and it -was not easy for us to hear them cry for help. From early morning, sometimes even before daybreak, it was always the same cry, ‘Help u s!’ ‘Give us something to eat,’ ‘W e are so hungry/ Some came to the compound during the night and died be­ fore any one knew' of their coming. W e received $25,000 for famine relief work from the people in America, and smaller sums from personal friends both in America and India enabled us to do considerable relief work. W e gave to those who were unable to work one meal a day, and besides this Mrs. Hubert had food prepared ki the hospital compound, which, for several months, fed daily 100 children. Many of them who were helpless and without protection we provided with food and cloth­ ing. In some villages the water supply gave out so that new wells had to be dug and old ones deepened, the labor of which had to be performed by these half-starved, emaciated people.” Epidemics of influenza and cholera further added to the horrors of the year, already filled with such suffering as can scarcely be described, yet from all stations come marvelous testimonies of missionaries encouraged and strengthened. Indian workers, although suffering privation and hunger, were spiritually strengthened and even triumphant, while the en­ tire Christian community, to a large extent, received a deeper spiritual blessing than ever before. “Nevertheless," writes Dr. Ferguson, “signs are not wanting that India is coming into a new day. There is a spirit of freedom and independence abroad among the people and signs of self-respect and worth fulness on the part of the individual far beyond anything manifested a decade or two ago. People, as a whole, are more susceptible to new ideas and are more inclined to welcome changes. Caste seems to be slowly breaking down. It is not possible that things can re­ main as they are.” India’s sons returned from the war with a broader outlook and higher aspirations. Through the war. India was deeply impressed by the position of other British colonies regarding self-govern­ ment and the call has gone out for more power for India’s people. The 1920] THE SOUTH INDIA MISSION 125 masses have labored on in the villages with scarcely a ripple at the surging sea of unrest reaching them. The attitude of the Christian community is well expressed in the report of the Committee of Five, appointed by our Telugu Convention to care for the Kandukur field, in the following statement, “The Indian aristocracy are asking for Home Rule but the masses are not yet ready for it. While thanking God for the British government, let us pray that God may not commit these ignorant mil­ lions into the hands of a few discontented aristocrats.” And yet the re­ forms promised by the British government, looking to self-government for India, are already becoming law and in 1920 the Reforms Bill will come into operation. Since the agitation has come and self-government is really to be, the Christian community, recognized as one of the three best edu­ cated classes in India, is rising to its responsibility. The need of the Telugu Mission for reenforcements has been so acute that a special committee wafe appointed to prepare a survey of the needs and report to the conference. We quote from their report: “If all the positions on the field were to be filled, the number of missionaries now at home on furlough would not be sufficient to provide an adequate staff. To adequately man our mission, there should be 62 families and 59 single women. There are now 27 families and 22 single women on the field.”

EVANGELISM

The year of famine, sickness and death has had its bright side in spirit­ ual results. In spite of inadequate missionary leadership about 3400 have been added to the Telugu churches by baptism which is about double the number reported for the preceding year. Markapur field enjoyed large ingatherings, 1126 having been baptized. Narsaravupet reports 319 bap­ tisms, Ongole, Podili and Sattenapalle each more than 200. Many others have asked for baptism especially in Nalgonda, Sooriapett and Jangaon. Large ingatherings are expected here as soon as famine and other con­ ditions permit. Reports come from several fields of increased interest among the caste people of Gurzalla. Mr. Dussman writes, “The caste people seem to be more interested in the gospel than I have seen them in former years. Among the baptized there are many caste people.” Mr. Newcomb says. “W e have again had conversions from different castes and from the Christian community. More of the Dokkals. Zakkalas, and Dommari people have been baptized. They are like gypsies in that they live in tabernacles and travel from place to place in their various occupa­ tions as entertainers, tattooers, and acrobats. These itinerant classes carry the gospel with them from village to village in work and song.*' In the Deccan fields conversions from the caste people have been very few in the past. W e therefore rejoice the more with Mr. Penner when he reports, “ The most encouraging fact is that among the forty baptisms of the past year, two were from the Sndras and they are very promising young men.” With regard to his work among the students, Dr. Ferguson 126 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN, MISSION SOCIETY [Report reports, "The year closes with a number of fine young men either rejoic­ ing in Christ as a new found possession or inquiring concerning the way of more perfect obedience to Him. It was my privilege to give baptism to a Parsee young man about the middle of the year.” This is our first conversion from the Parsee community. By persistent effort, seemingly unconquerable obstacles have been overcome and our missionaries have found ways in which to get out among the people in these times when their help has been more needed. “The value of a motor car to a missionary may be suggested by sketch­ ing a single day’s work,” writes- Mr. Manley. The missionary and four helpers, leaving home at 8 a. m. and returning shortly after 10 p. m. the same day, traveled a total of forty miles with one hour’s rest at noon. W e held six meetings in four different towns, three of which were with groups of Christians, and three strictly evangelistic. These meetings totaled over ten hours of solid teaching and preaching; a communion service was included, and two candidates were examined and baptized. It would have required the entire fourteen hours for a bullock cart merely to traverse the forty miles.” The many difficulties which prevented the usual amount of touring by the missionaries have placed greater responsibilities on the Indian worker. The writer of the Kandukur report, Mr. P. Abraham', B.A., of the semi­ nary staff, shows how the Indian worker can tour as possibly the white missionary cannot in this tropical country. He writes, “At the beginning some of us carried with us our large trunks and camp cots but as we understood the nature of the work we were undertaking, we slowly adapted ourselves to the condition of the village. Now I carry my blanket on my arm with a Bible and a hymn book rolled in it and that is all the outfit necessary for me.” Most of our fields have sent out groups of Indian workers when it has been impossible for the missionary to go and the result has been very gratifying. Mr. Newcomb reports, “The pastors, evangelists, and teachers have made extensive tours visiting the Christians and preaching to the communities. They were out in bands during the evangelistic campaign in May and preached the gospel in many villages covering a large section of the field. In several instances the meeting houses were packed to overflowing by the Hindus. Surely these people are very near the Kingdom. W e are hoping for a revival in the near future and indications are that we shall be able to report great things next year. The caste people everywhere gladly listen to the message.”

ENGLISH WORK

Considerable English work is carried on in the various stations both for the educated Indians and Europeans. At Madras, Yeperey English church has its own pastor, independent of our missionary staff, and.the members are gradually working towards complete independence. The student work of Bishopville, and English services and reading room at 1920] THE SOUTH'" INDIA MISSION 127 the Day Memorial have been very fruitful. Nellore reports, “The Eng­ lish services in Chambers Hall are regularly held throughout the year, the preaching being done by the missionary, assisted by Mr. Paranjothi, head master of the Coles-Ackerman Memorial Boys’ High School, and one of our own Nellore Baptist boys who is now the Y. M. C. A. national secretary for rural work for all India.” Mr. Levering also reports regular work being carried on in English.

THE CHRISTIAN COMMUNITY

Reports from the various fields point out two ways in which the short­ age of missionaries has affected the Christian community. First we have the cases of oppression and persecution which seemed to multiply on the field where there is no resident missionary. Mr. Levering reports that in the cases which have occured on his field, the Christians stood firm and were encouraged and strengthened by their faith. The Kandukur report describes conditions after some five years without a resident missionary family. In the home of an old Christian pastor’s daughter, located in a village where most of the Christian community of fifty had lapsed into heathenism, idols had been set up. As a result of the visit of an evangelistic band, these people were won back to Christianity and received renewed strength. The Gadval field, opened sixteen years ago, has had a resident missionary only four or five o-f these years. The second result in the shortage of missionaries has been the placing of greater responsibility on the Indian church. W e have already" shown how the Indian workers have met the emergency in regard to touring. On the Deccan fields the Indian workers have assumed unusual responsi­ bility. The evangelistic campaigns were carried out by them in many fields with enthusiasm and good results. Mr. Rutherford writes “I have been pleased many times with the success of these Indian workers. Dur­ ing the past month, through their direction, the evangelistic campaign was carried forward with 130 baptisms.” Mr. Curtis bears witness to the increasing importance of the Indian workers,— “ Now that the missionary is unable to give the time to the outside villages that they ought to have, the mission workers in these villages are learning many lessons in regard to looking after the work themselves. Last May, when the hot, dry season came and the Christians in the villages were unable to work in the fields, they held a series of mass meetings at different centers and with stereopticon lanterns, gramophones, singers, and preachers, large crowds listened to the gospel for many hours, oftentimes well after midnight. It was the first time the Indians had conducted such meetings without the presence of the missionary and they were surprised and delighted with their success. Many were baptized as a result of these meetings. 128 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

SELF-SUPPORT AND INDEPENDENCE

All over the mission we find the Christians, organized under various names, but all working for the advancement of the Kingdom. Secun­ derabad reports, “The laymen’s movement idea has taken a deep hold on the minds of the men who have taken under their charge the village of Yemjal. They are manifesting a real enthusiasm for the work which they have assumed.” The laymen support a worker in this village. The Madras church reports similar activities. “Work at Arkonum has con­ tinued under the direction of the Telugu Baptist church of Madras, a number of church members volunteering their aid in conducting services on Sundays, paying their own expenses for the journey and rejoicing in the privilege.” Nellore report tells of “The organization of the Nellore evangelistic association whose purpose is the evangelization of the Nellore field and the strengthening and developing of the weak village churches. The movement is purely Indian in conception and promotion.” The Nellore church, the mother church in our mission, is making a move toward the erection of a new church. Mr. Manley reports, “In October the church celebrated its 75th anniversary with services and public meet­ ings lasting three days. The keynote of the program was the extension of the Indian church by Indian effort and money, and a fund of more than 500 rupees was raised for the aid of the village churches.” Mr. Longley writes, “Last October at the beginning of the new finan­ cial year, we organized an evangelistic committee of five members for conducting the evangelistic work of the field. The missionary, as a member of this committee, is entitled to one vote. The entire evangelistic appropriation for outstation work, touring and work of Bible women, is in charge of this committee which has full power and responsibility for the work. So interested have these churches become that they appro­ priated 50 rupees last year and have put in their budget for this year a similar amount for the work of this committee.” Our greatest forward movement in the direction of complete independ­ ence, however, has been the turning over of the Kandukur field to the local Telugu Baptist convention. The mission grants them funds for this work on a proportionate and annually diminishing scale. Already we are looking forward to the day when the Telugu churches shall be able to assume responsibility for other fields.

WORK OF THE BIBLE WOMEN

Our Bible women are already assuming large responsibilities. In Madras the funds for their work have been administered by a committee of women for the past two years. Mrs. Ferguson says, “The women have appreciated their responsibility and have lived up to it.” O f the Bapatla Bible women, Mrs. Curtis writes, “ Many searching conversations have been held with those who seemed really anxious to know the truth about 1920] THE SOUTH INDIA MISSION 129 our Gospel. One of our field Bible women, recovering from a serious sickness, preached to her friends who gathered around her bedside. Though weak physically, she proved to be strong spiritually.” The work in one of the Nalgonda villages, where five preachers have been taken away by cholera, was successfully carried on by two of our Bible women. In the great evangelistic campaigns which have become annual features of our work, missionaries, preachers, teachers, Bible women, students and Christians unite in several weeks of preparation and in a month’s campaign. These meetings have oftentimes decided young people to devote their lives to Christian service. Other organizations and activi­ ties which have proven great blessings have been our summer schools, Sunday school work, Christian Endeavor societies, boy scouts, girls guides, and child welfare work. One new church was organized during the year and two new church buildings dedicated. The latter were the gifts of Dr. J. Ackerman Coles of New York, who already has contributed two high school buildings, a bungalow, hospitals and other valuable equip­ ment to our work at Kurnool.

EDUCATION

Ramapatnam Theological Seminary reports a year of quiet but steady progress. Changes in the teaching staff have brought in higher trained teachers, all of whom are blessed with deep spiritual lives. Mr. Bawden has contributed from his busy days two hours weekly for lectures to advanced classes on the preparation and delivery of sermons. Eleven men and six women completed the course in April. The maximum enrolment for the year was seventy-two students. Advance has been made in more suitable housing for teachers and students. New courses of study have been approved by the Board of Trustees and Conference, re­ garding which Mr. Boggs says. “This scheme proposes to correct what has long been recognized as a hindrance to the highest efficiency of our work, the promiscuous grouping of students of all grades upon the basis of the time of entering the school rather than their capacity for receiving the instruction offered. In order to correct this difficulty, four courses, more or less independent of each other, have been outlined:— a general course for men and women of very moderate educational attainments; a second or middle course for students of the upper grades; a senior course for the more advanced students; and then, in addition to these, a separate course for women. Hitherto the wives of the students have been expected to take the same studies in the classes with their husbands and the new course proposes to provide a more useful and serviceable training for these women. A new departure has been the introducing of Sunday school training into our course. For this purpose we sent one of our teachers, Mr. Matthew, to Calcutta for special training to fit him for this work. Considerable progress has been made with regards to uniting with the Canadian Baptist Telugu Mission in our theological training. ‘130 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

Definite-plans have already been made for'advanced work beginning with the new year.*” In April two women completed the course at the Bible training school for women and received their certificates. The new school will open in July with Miss Morrow in charge. Steps are being taken to establish an elementary course for women who are not prepared to carry on the regular work. Twelve pupils are now enrolled. • O f our three high schools for boys, two have been under the care of •missionaries in charge of one or more fields. The Ongole high school •has been supervised by Mr. Rowland. In this school there were, during the past year, sixteen regular teachers beside the principal with a maxi­ mum enrolment of 343 students. O f this latter number, one half were Brahmins, one fourth Christians and the rest Mohammedans and other non-Brahman Hindus. The decrease in the number of Christian students has been occasioned by the increased cost of living. Coles-Ackerman Memorial High School of Nellore shared missionary supervision with the Nellore and Allur fields most of the year. Mr. Smith’s return in October provided much needed relief. A most gratify­ ing fact has been the strength and popularity which this school main­ tained during the absence of a permanent principal, credit for which is due to the Head Master, Mr. Paranjothi. His unusual success in main­ taining discipline, securing the cooperation of the teachers, and the interest of the public, is worthy of special notice. The George Ackermari Memorial Hostel has proved a great addition to our school. It is es­ pecially popular with the Christian students and its occupants have been provided with remunerative work on holidays and Saturdays. The aver­ age attendance of the Sunday school, conducted in English for the high school boys, was eighty, consisting of both Christian and non-Christian students. On December 18 the school was honored with a visit by His Excellency, Lord Willingdon, Governor of Madras. His Excellency viewed with approval the entire plant including the fields and buildings for the new agricultural department, in all of which he expressed keen interest. Before the brief visit ended His Excellency had committed his government to assist in providing agricultural land for students upon the completion of the course in the new agricultural department. The Coles Memorial High School at Kurnool was in charge of Dr. Stanton during the first part of the year and later of Mr. W'athne. The report of the latter says, “The number of students at present on the roll is 359 against 355 a year ago. In our school athletics we have kept up the standard. This year we won the Pentland shield for the highest mark in all events, the President’s cup lor the highest marks in the field and track events, the hockey cup, medal for the mile race, and one of our own boys was declared the best all-around athlete. The boys all show a spirit of loyalty which is inspiring.” The Nellore High School for Girls with ninety pupils is again under the care of Miss Draper who returned from furlough at the beginning 1920] THE SOUTH INDIA MISSION 131 of the year. Her report says, “In spite of not having the full American quota on the staff, the school has made progress. Our school is now al­ most entirely staffed with women who enter most heartily into the lives of the girls. The religious side of the school has not been neglected. Several baptisms during the year of the younger girls, nearly all of whom were in the class of one teacher, were largely the result of her earnest teaching. Both pupils and teachers are enthusiastic. Sunday school w o r k e r s and the popularity of the Christian endeavor societies affords an excellent training ground for future Christian workers.”

TRAINING SCHOOLS

The Bapatla Normal Training School, supplying a large number of teachers and pastors for our village work, should have an American principal free from field responsibilities. Regarding this school, Mr. Curtis writes, “The work most prominently before us all the time is that of the normal school. This year we have 153 young men under­ going training preparatory to going out into the villages of five different districts as teachers in our elementary schools. During the year we have been pleased to see the interest taken in the study of the Bible by as well as Christian students. They all go to the model school for observation and preaching in the Bible periods, the same as for secular studies. W e feel that it is most important that the prevailing influences of the institution should be Christian and as we have been unable to get a satisfactory head master, who would be an influence along this line, the responsibility for the school has rested on my shoulder.” Closely allied to the work of the training school is the preparation of the wives of these men to become helpful companions to their husbands. Of this task, Mrs. Curtis says. “ Many of these women when thej'- come here know practically nothing about the Bible nor do they even know how to form a simple prayer. Before they leave they know not only how to write and to read the Bible but they have become familiar with simple Bible stories and above all they know how to pray.” The outstanding event of the year in the life of the Deccan stations was the opening of the Gertrude Preston Rutherford Institute at Han- nmakonda. A training school for the Deccan has long been our out­ standing need. Through the generosity of Mr. and Mrs. L. C. Preston of California this need is at last being supplied. Being entirely free from government jurisdiction, the course has been lengthened to three years to make room in the curriculum for special Bible training, Sunday school pedagogy and industrial work in order to especially train men tor teacher-pastor work. Mr. Rutherford, who is in reality blazing a new trail, is now enthusiastically at work preparing new text hooks and other material for this school. The two training schools for women at Ongole and Nellore have had a busy and fruitful year. In the former school nine girls had to be refused 132 AMERICAN' BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

admission owing to lack of accommodations and it will be necessary to establish new classes in order to take care of the increasing number of candidates. At the Nellore school 23 girls completed their training last year and have gone out into the various villages as teachers.

BOARDING SCHOOLS

Our station boarding schools are a most important factor in our work. They are the feeders for our higher institutions and to them we look for our mission workers in all departments and in them lie our greatest hope for the development of Christian character and upbuilding of real Chris­ tian homes. Having the pupils reside in these schools makes it possible to obtain regularity in habit, and the results are generally satisfactory. Many conversions have taken place in these boarding schools. Much Christian service is rendered and the pupils are active in the Christian endeavor, Sunday school and evangelistic work. The famine conditions and excessive prices for the past year have placed unusual burdens upon these schools. In several centers schools for caste girls are carried on with remarkable success. Madras has had such schools for many years. New buildings for these schools are greatly needed as the rents for those now being used are exorbitant and the buildings dark and poorly venti­ lated. These two caste schools in Madras enrolling 140 and 174 girls, respectively, afford us a wonderful opportunity. W ork for the caste girls is also being carried on in Cumbum, Ongole and Vinukonda.

VILLAGE SCHOOLS

The village school continues to be our greatest problem. Lack of appreciation of education and extreme poverty are always hindrances to this work. The year in review has had the added difficulties of famine, cholera, plague and influenza which caused some of the schools to be closed for weeks at a time. Mr. Marsh reports, as serving the Christian community on his field, sixty-eight primary schools, all of which are either boarding schools or schools aided and maintained by the Christians without mission aid. Mr. Silliman reports fifty mission schools and five government schools with Baptist teachers serving the vil­ lage Christians on his field. The following extract from his report is equally true of village schools in general,— “In the fifty mission schools there are 1572 on the roll: seventy-nine per cent, of these are in the lowest grade, fifteen per cent, in the second grade, four and one half per cent in the third grade and one and one half per cent, in the fourth grade. It is only the fourth grade that is worth considering as having educational value. Even the work in this grade is soon forgotten if it is not followed up by further study. The village schools, therefore, do not by themselves accomplish much in uplifting the Christian community but their one and one half per cent, of fourth grade pupils constitute a sourcc 1920] THE SOUTH INDIA MISSION 133 of supply for our higher grade schools in which the education of a limited number is carried on a few j^ears further.” Mr. Baker reports 188 vil­ lage schools with about 6000 children in attendance on the Ongole field. The problem of the village school is at present receiving the attention of an Educational Commission from England, America and India. It is significant of the vital importance of the village schools to Christian missionary effort that such a commission should be sent out to consider this problem. In addition to the advanced educational work carried on within our borders, our mission cooperates with other denominations in the work of three colleges. The Woman’s Board is represented on the staff of the Woman’s Christian College of Madras and the Woman’s Christian Medi- , cal School in Vellore, while the General Board cooperates with the Madras Christian College.

MEDICAL WORK

The regular medical work of our mission has been carried on through two hospitals for women and children, five general hospitals, and three dispensaries. Concerning the work of the Nellore Hospital for women and children. Dr. Degenring reports: “ As far as the medical work is concerned, we have had a busy year with the hospital taxed to its capacity most of the time. The greatest change is noticeable among the caste people. Caste rules are not so strictly observed and people in gen­ eral are more willing to listen to the gospel. Where it was formerly difficult to induce the patients to listen to our Bible women, they now call them to their bedside and request them to tell them of Christ.” Concerning the Mahbubnagar hospital for women and children, Mrs. Longley reports, “Our hospital has been suffering for two years for lack of a doctor but somehow- it has been kept alive and even at times has shown a bit of vigor. Statistics for the past year show 590 dispensary patients, seven in-patients, ninety-seven out-calls and a total of 3321 treatments.” Both of our women’s hospitals are greatly in need of re­ enforcements both as to doctors and nurses. On account of the high prices and limited appropriations, Dr. Timpany at the Victoria Memorial Mission Hospital, Hanumakonda, was obliged to treat as out-patients all but the most serious cases. One hundred eighty-seven in-patients were admitted, more than half of whom were women while about 1000 visits were made to patients in their homes and the dispensary treatments numbered 15,722. The missionaries report, with much joy, the opening of the new Pasa­ dena dispensary building at Ongole. “This is the first complete unit of a large group of buildings which comprise the Clough Memorial Hos­ pital,” writes Dr. Manley. “It was a change which we had long looked forward to and in which we heartily rejoice. During the past year a wealthy Indian merchant became interested in our hospital and he has 134 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report promised to build a caste satran in our hospital compound for the use of caste people who desire treatment but do not wish to break caste. This gift from a non-Christian merchant indicates we believe the spirit of interest and appreciation which exists among those whom we have come to serve and save. In December, while our conference was in session, His Excellency, the Governor of Madras, visited us and laid the corner tablet of the main building for the Clough Memorial Hospital. The number of treatments during the year were three times those of the previous year with total funds of Rs. 15,371. About forty-five per cent, of our in-patients and forty per cent, of our out-patients have been women, which is a noticeable increase over former years. Mr. Stait reports for the Etta Waterbury Hospital 263 in-patients and 6,480 dispensary treatments. Worn with much service and greatly in need of a furlough, now five 'jrears overdue, Mr. and Dr. Stait left for America at the close of the year. The work of the Nalgonda hospital has been carried on by Miss Neufeld, a trained nurse, who has rendered valuable service through the year without the help of a doctor. She has cared for 120 in-patients and given 10,413 dispensary treatments. The courage with which she has met single handed the emergencies of famine and cholera, in addition to the already heavy medical work, merits the commendations given by the town people who said, “When the cholera broke out, many who might have helped tried to leave the place as soon as possible and left us alone but the missionaries, when they heard cholera was in Nalgonda, even hired motor cars to come to our help quickly.” The two outstanding needs for this field are a new hospital and a woman doctor. Mrs. Hubert reports a fruitful year in the work of healing both body and soul at the Sooriapett hospital. Here, miles away from the railway, cut off from even their own children by war conditions in Russia, sur­ rounded by famine with its accompanying suffering and diseases, Mr. and Mrs. Hubert have found their solace in ministering to those in need. More than fifteen thousand medical treatments were given and 375 ia- patients tenderly cared for. The dispensaries throughout our mission render a great service to humanity and help pave the way for the coming of Christ’s Kingdom. Concerning Miss Wagner’s work at Ramapatnam, Mr. Boggs writes, “ Miss Wagner’s work continues to prove a valuable addition to the seminary and field work. She ministers to the physical needs of the students, teachers and their families and is in constant demand for medical aid by both Christians and non-Christians in the surrounding villages.” O f the Cumbum dispensary, Mr. Newcomb reports, “There have been about 3000 treatments in our medical work. Mr. Robert, the medical assistant, has continued his work of mercy in the dispensary." 19201 THE SOUTH INDIA MISSION 135

INDUSTRIAL WORK

Considerable industrial work is carried on in the mission that cannot easily be tabulated. Many missionaries combine with their regular work e a r n e s t effort to help the young men of their schools obtain training in some trade or industry. Nearly all the boarding schools carry on some industrial work which is more and more being developed and given a regular place in the school curriculum. Among the industries mentioned as being conducted by the various schools are sewing, lace making, drawn work, Indian cookery, housekeeping, laundry work, rope making, tape w e a v i n g , carpentry, blacksmithing, masonry and agriculture. In only two stations has this line been developed sufficiently to require special in­ structions in the schools or to call for an outside market for the products. Ongole has a well-developed work under the care of Miss Roberts. Here is an industry of drawn work and lace making with an output to the value of 1000 to 1500 rupees annually and with a working capital of about 1000 rupees. She also reports, “a small government-recognized in­ dustrial school” which teaches thread and lace making, with some mat weaving, button making, gardening and poultry raising. From Kavali, Miss Bullard reports considerable activity along indus­ trial lines. In her school of 350 children, 300 are from homes in the criminal settlement. She reports such industries as gardening, agricul­ ture, cooking, sewing, aluminum work, and weaving for the products of which there is a ready market. His Excellency, the Governor of Mad­ ras, who visited the school in December remarked, “This is a wonderful experiment at social uplift and from all I have seen bids fair to be entirely successful. The settlement itself is full of interest, the school children are well disciplined and trained. I wish I could have spent more time here and seen more. At least I can congratulate Mr. Bawden and all who worked with him and thank them all for the great selfless service for the good of the Presidency.” It is a matter of regret that no report is available for the greatest industrial work of our mission, the Erukala Industrial Settlement in which our special industrial missionary, Mr. Bawden, is cooperating with the government in reclaiming and making desirable citizens of these criminal tribes. The work has now grown until it comprises three settle­ ments which are exceedingly interesting and inspiring both in lines of social uplift and missionary effort. Mr. Curtis also reports a voluntary settlement under his care. “Our settlement for the criminal tribes of Yenadis has not increased much over what it was last year. Families come and go but there are a few who seem to be fairly permanent and because of these we do not feel like discontinuing our work for we want to give them every possible chance to become honest citizens. They all attend daily morning prayers as well as Sunday morning church service." Our Nellore high school is getting into line for progressive indus­ 136 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report trial work along several channels and the new Deccan Training School which began at the start with industrial instruction in its curriculum has made a modest beginning in gardening, laundry work and carpentry. Among the problems which were before us at the annual conference of our mission last year was the great need of reenforcements, the strengthening of the staff and curriculum of our theological seminary^ and the discussion of government grants-in-aid. The conference expressed itself as profoundly grateful for the great forward movement in America, seeking for the development of the Kingdom of God, and pledged itself to cooperate with the Board of Promotion of the Northern feaptist Convention in the One Hundred Million Dollar Campaign by raising a sum of 5000 rupees for this purpose within the next five years. THE BENGAL-ORISSA MISSION Compiled by Rev. P. J. Clark H E past year in Bengal-Orissa has been a trying one in many respects. TThe days of cheap rice have ended and all food stuffs, as well as cloth­ ing, has been at famine prices. The new rice is hardly yet winnowed and the price already equals that at the close of the year, and other neces­ sities are higher than ever. Fortunately the needs of the majority of India’s people are but few. Having food, even though it be a little, and a minimum of clothing, they will cheerfully live even though they may not be content. The high cost of living has brought about general unrest and numerous strikes of various kinds but these affect the towns only; the inarticulate masses suffer in silence. In one town the post office employees agreed to express their need by attending duty clad only in a loin cloth until their allowances were increased. There have been serious disorder and uprisings involving disaster and death to Europeans and Indians. Strikes were prevalent in both Kharagpur and Jamshedpur. Mission reports, as a w'hole, too often give the impression that Christ’s Kingdom rolls on, without hindrance, to an easy victory. Most con­ verts, however, are won only by hard work. Each advance is the result of much endeavor and often the only success among many failures. W e rejoice that among the four millions and more people to whom we are preaching the gospel there are some who are earnestly seeking a knowledge of God. For the others, deadened by generations of spiritual and moral darkness, the only hope is Jesus Christ who alone can penetrate their sinful, superstitious hearts.

EVANGELISM

The year has been one of evangelistic progress. Local committees have been appointed in various stations to be responsible for evangelistic work in their respective fields. The chairman of each committee, who, in some instances is an Indian and others a missionary, is nominated by the general evangelistic committee. The work, as yet, is in its infancy but already promises to fulfil its purpose and to give to our Indian breth­ ren a greater place in evangelistic work as well as an increased interest in the work of evangelizing their fellow countrymen. W e are extremely fortunate in having among our Indian workers faithful, consecrated men and women, who can be trusted to do their work wisely and well under all circumstanccs. W e thank God for them and take courage, for such cases are splendid assurance of what He can do in this land through its 4 138 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Repori own sons and daughters. Concerning the chairman of the evangelistic Committee, Rev. Natober Singh, one missionary of wide experience in many parts of India, remarks, “He is the most spiritual Indian I know/’

AMONG THE STATIONS

The work in Jellasore is mainly evangelistic and the reports for the past year are most encouraging. Miss Barnes writes, “If we could have more missionaries free for evangelistic work, much more could be done,” The churches are in a thriving condition and are already bearing a large part of their expenses. While the year at Santipore has been a hard and a difficult one and, in many respects, disappointing, especially in re­ gard to the spiritual growth of the community, there has nevertheless been a minority which has not bowed its knee to mammon and our per­ sistent efforts have not been altogether fruitless. Mr. Clark has directed the work of the weaving school at this station and has superintended a large number of outstations. At Ujurda, which is one of our largest Christian communities in this section, and perhaps the poorest of all, forty children were fed by the mission for eight months. Salguria, while not receiving much personal supervision from the missionary who has been engaged in building work at Balasore and Bhimpore, has neverthe­ less been well cared for by one of the senior Indian workers, Rev. Joseph Fulonton. The people of this village, though by no means wealthy, are industrious and cheerfully accept their lot. Rev. H. N. Sarka has been conducting the work at Contai during the absence of Mr. and Mrs. How-ard. Over two thousand patients were treated at the mission dis­ pensary last year, the fees from which amounted to Rs. 300. The people, both rich and poor, have great confidence in the ability of the medical missionary. Recently a prominent Hindu, after listening to our teaching, became & Christian and there are now several waiting for an opportunity to publicly declare their new-born faith in our Lord.

Chandbali

It was hoped that we might before this locate a missionary at this most needed outpost which has been sadly neglected ever since the retirement of Dr. and Mrs. Coldren, but it has been impossible to do so. Four years ago. Dr. Kennan wrote. “There is 110 resident missionary and only four Indian workers in a tract forty by fifty miles in extent with thousands of villages and hundreds of thousands of people. West of this are the feudatory states that have beer, visited only twice in fifteen years.” It is imperative that a missionary family be stationed in this section at the earliest possible date. Chandbali is too far from Balasore to allow of adequate supervision and consequently both work and workers suffer. A missionary should also be located at Bhadrak, a town of 16,000 people, located about 44 miles southwest of Balasore. The population is made 1920] THE BENGAL-ORISSA MISSION 139 up of 9,000 Moslems and 7,000 Hindus. The work in both of these stations is being carried on by Indian evangelists and we are holding on and hoping against hope that someone will take up this work.

Balasore

Dr. Mary Bacheler reports a successful year of steady progress in the Sinclair Orphanage. Sixteen girls were recently baptized here and the spiritual outlook is most encouraging. Both Sunday schools and Chris­ tian endeavor societies hold a prominent place in the religious life of the institution. Seventy-eight girls, now living at the orphanage, have taxed the accommodations to their fullest extent. The services of the Indian helpers, in assisting Dr. Bacheler, has been a valuable contribu­ tion towards the success of the work. Miss Coombs, who is supposed to work only part time, has been busy during the year as sewring mistress, keeper of accounts for the girls, Bible class teacher, leader of women’s prayer meetings, Sunday school teacher, treasurer and secretary of the mission publicity committee. The care of the Christian and Hindu girls’ schools and zenana classes and Bible women’s work has been in charge of Miss Amy Porter. The completion of the new buildings of the Balasore girls’ school will not only add greatly to the prestige and future success of this important institution, but will provide much needed accommodations and allow of the school and kindergarten being con­ veniently located in one place instead of being scattered about in various makeshift quarters. The girls are doing well in their studies and are. preparing themselves for lives of future usefulness throughout their various communities. Mr. Krause is now giving his entire time to the industrial work. The Balasore industrial school has been established fifteen years. There were 90 boys enrolled during the past year, 35 of whom were registered in the manual training classes, and 55 in the artisan classes. Last year the sales amounted to more than $3,000. Every boy who enters finds that he must fall into line and do his part or quit. The school receives village boys, w'ho have never handled a tool in their lives, boys from high school who have perhaps failed to make good, and youths oftentimes drift in looking for employment. Here we aim to make lionest, honorable, industrious, reliable and trustworthy men. It is no easy task for such virtues are not indigenous. Our Industrial school is a Christian mission school and its purpose is to make Christian men whose Christianity shall enter into their trade and make them better workmen and whose manual training and habits of industry shall make them better Christians. The classes at the present time cannot be en­ larged until new buildings are erected. Boys who graduate from this school find no difficulty in obtaining work. The faculty of the school numbers 13, and others employed about the in-uitution make a total staff of 32 workers. After a recent visit the Inspector of Schools in the Orissa division, reported: “ This school has made very rapid progress and 140 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

is at present, I venture to say, much superior to any other of its kind in the province. Within a year, when the equipment, now on its way, has been received and set up, it will be a very competent and efficient institution. I consider that the money spent here by the mission and the government is well spent.”

Kharagpur

. Kharagpur which, in 1900, consisted only of a few huts, is now a big railway junction and is a thriving industrial center of at least 35,000 Indians and 1,500 Englishmen and Anglo-Indians. The town has modern sanitation, conveniences and improvements. A transition to still larger things is in progress. Joining the railway settlement, at the south, are being erected buildings for a new civic section so that on March 31, 1922, Kharagpur will become the head of a new district. The workmen’s quar­ ters will be double their present size. By virtue of its being a railway junction, Kharagpur is the strategic center of our mission field. Tracks go out from here in four directions and we are conducting mission work in each. The Christian work of this important center ought to be organized and reenforced. Industry at Kharagpur will never be safe until its employees are guided by the powTer of Christ. Last year the Indian em­ ployees of the railroad work shops were out on a strike for over a month during which time the Europeans had to be in uniform ready for guard duty at any time, and many stood guard for twenty-four hours at a stretch. This necessary work took some of our men away from the services, Sunday school and other activities. When the shops again opened, the employees were worked overtime which in like manner inter­ fered with the work o f the church. “In view of all the circumstances of the year/’ writes Mr! Browne, “ we thank God that we, as a church, have come through the 3'ear so well and we can trust him for the future. There are now over 400 Christians in and near Kharagpur. When I urged the matter of more liberal giving, a committee of three volunteered to canvass the church membership for an increase of monthly subscrip­ tion and over Rs. 30 per month were subscribed.” This year is to be the opportune time for establishing the work at Hijli, the new civic section being opened up south of Kharagpur. Plans for work in this vicinity have been submitted to the reference committee and the Board and appropriation for the purchase of eleven acres of land upon which to erect the necessary buildings, has been made. For a long time Un­ important Indian work in this great industrial city has been cared for by a very much overburdened missionary whose main responsibility has been for the Anglo-Indians. With the designation of Rev. C. A. Collett to this Indian work, one man is provided who can give his entire time to developing and improving the plans for work in this important center. Plans are already under way for the erection of an Indian church as a memorial to Dr. Ward for so many years professor at Hillsdale College. 1920] THE BENGAL-ORISSA MISSION 141

Jamshedpur

The present is the formative period in the life of Jamshedpur which promises to be one of the great industrial centers of India. The settle­ ment, which was only begun in 1912, has now a population of 60,000 and is planning to become a city of 250,000 within the next five years. If Baptist missionaries are to have a position in the life and future develop­ ment of this great community, now is the time to get established. Crowds of people are flocking to Jamshedpur so that buildings cannot be erected fast enough to accommodate them. Here caste barriers are broken down. Away from home ties and surroundings, the power of caste weakens and here is offered a wonderful opportunity for giving to them the redeeming gospel of Jesus Christ. In addition to these there are many aborigines who are without caste of any kind. Good wages are the custom and all positions are open to any regardless of race, or color. All of this makes possible a large, self-supporting, Christian community. About one hundred Americans are now living here and, in fact, the present general manager is himself an American. There are, however, certain difficulties which must be confronted in doing missionary work, one of which is the many and diverse languages. All vices, known to Western civilization, are to be found here. These facts, however, should act as a stimulant in our missionary endeavor and should spur us on with greater energy to bring the gospel of Jesus Christ to these people. An application for land was made to the Tata Iron & Steel Co., which practically controls the town, and, within two months’ time, a grant of two acres was made and other sites have been promised as they may be_ needed. “All the men with whom I have had dealings,” writes Mr. Browne, “ have been very cordial and sympathetic which fact has been one of the most encouraging features of our work thus far.” The thing of interest during the past year has been the securing of grants for both English and Indian work. This is the first step toward establishing our work in Jamshedpur. Plans have already been prepared for the necessary buildings which will be required immediately. Industrial war was declared in Jamshedpur during the year, the fundamental causes of which were the same as those contributing to the unrest throughout the country. The employees of the iron and steel company are considered to be the best paid workmen in India, yet the following demands con­ stituted the basis of their grievances: Fifty per cent, increase in wages. Production bonus, which is now being granted to Europeans only. Full pay in case of sickness and disability through accident in the works. Prompt payment of annuities to the beneficiaries of those killed. One month’s vacation each year with full pay. Holidays on all important festival occasions with full pay. Organization of a town council, with a majority of inhabitants, to 142 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report deal with questions regarding housing, sanitation and fixing of rents, which functions are now performed by the town administrator. The strike, while itself a failure, did much to add to the general un­ rest throughout the country and greatly added to the difficulties of our missionary work. W e must unite our prayers in supplication that the time may speedily come when industry will be conducted not merely for self but for others, in fellowship with God and man. Mr. Conrad, who sailed for India last fall and who is supported by the great Calvary Baptist Church of Washington, D. C., has been making a careful study of the European, Anglo-Indian and Indian situation in Jamshedpur. Plans already have been submitted to the Board for church buildings and mis­ sionary residences and it is hoped that substantial appropriations will be made soon so that definite steps may be taken to establish this work on a firm and statesmanlike basis which will be in harmony with the needs of this growing, up-to-date, progressive city.

Midnapore

Upon three missionaries in Midnapore, with a population of 32,000, falls the entire burden of Bible schools, educational and evangelistic work. Mr. Long writes: “I have come in contact with the Hindus through the Y . M. C. A., where I have been asked to speak several times, also some of the young men have come to me to talk about religion. The tremendous need and opportunity of reaching the Hindus and the Moham­ medans both directly and through the medium of our Christians, who need to be inspired and led into such work, makes the need of a second man at Midnapore plainly evident. In fact, if the mission proposes to do anything for the Bangali people in this section, it is absolutely necessary to place a man here for evangelistic work at the earliest possible date. It is not fair to say that the Bangalis are harder to reach than the Oriyas when there has not been anyone to work among them for years. The one missionary at Midnapore has found his time taken up with necessary station work for the Oriyas and Santals so that there is no one to give the gospel to the Hindus of the district or inspire our Christian young men to enter the ministry.” Miss Daniels has had the care of the girls’ school, village boys’ school, lace class, zenana and Bible women’s work, as well as women’s Bible training school. In connec­ tion with the women’s Bible school a special consecration hour has been observed every Friday morning and there has been noted a special spiritual growth in the lives of many of the girls.

Bhimpore

This station is our northern outpost and is quite differently situated from those in the southernmost section. Its reports are most encouraging and full of promise. “This year in many ways has been one of our best 1920] THE BENGAL-ORISSA MISSION 143 years,” writes Mr. Oxrieder. There were during the year 43 baptisms at this station and interest throughout the church services, Sunday Schools and Christian endeavor meetings, has been very keen. The pastor is a faithful and earnest servant of God and does good work especially among the students. In the Christian endeavor meetings it is hard to distinguish Hindu boys from Christians for both take part with equal zest and interest. The Sunday school has a usual attendance of over 200, and 36 of those baptized during the past year came from the Sunday school. The day schools are full all the time and imme­ diately any drop out others are waiting to fill the vacancy and the constant difficulty is how to provide accommodations for all who wish to enroll. Bhimpore is surely paving the way for a mass movement among the San- tals of the Midnapore district. May we be ready for it when it comes for it will surely shake the entire district. The work warrants every effort that we can make to develop it in the interests of the Kingdom of God. The village schools throughout the district, which we supervise for the government, are prosperous and growing rapidly. They now number 75 and the salaries for all the teachers are paid by the government. A year ago 107 took the final examinations, this year 140, and it is expected that next year there will be at least 200. The growing influence of these schools constitutes a problem, an opportunity and a challenge to us as a mission. If we are in earnest we shall meet it and turn it into a victory. The girls’ school, enrolling 73 members, under the care of Mrs. Oxrieder has made a steady growth during the past year. There are 35 girls and 28 boys in the two boarding schools. Plans has been submitted for the enlarging of our high school work and the establishment of a first class educational system here that will commend itself to the people of this great and populous district and which will be a real agency in the developing and deepening of Christian life throughout this Santal field. W e cannot conclude this report without expressing our gratitude to Him whom we serve for His great and manifold goodness tow’ards us. W e also pray that the Lord of the harvest may thrust forth laborers into his vineyard. W e have need now for five missionary families and four women missionaries. The need is peculiarly urgent for men and women who can interpret in a warm and enthusiastic way the life of God as made clear to us through the redemptive life of Jesus Christ THE SOUTH CHINA MISSION Compiled by A. F. Groesbcck, D.D. T IS now only a year since we began to appreciate the fact that the I Great W ar is over. Only a few thousand of China’s millions were even in hearing of the guns, but hardly one was too far away to be pro­ foundly affected by the struggles, although he himself might be the last to appreciate the fact.

THE AFTERMATH OF THE WAR The great tide of world unrest has been surging through the social and political life of the Middle Kingdom. Missions now have an entirely new China to deal with. Dissatisfied with the past, the soul of the nation cries for redemption, but knows not whether there be any to hear the cry. Some believe that Christianity holds the solution of China’s problems and the cure for all her ills. This class includes the Christians, of course, but is by no means confined to them. Never were the Christians more active, and never were the non-Christians so importunate in their plea for help. A second class sees no hope for China and is positive that Christian­ ity has no solution to offer for her perplexity, yet they are strangely ready to listen to the arguments of the man who is so bold as to hold out hope, even if the hope be Christianity. The whole attitude of the Chinese shows that Christianity can no longer be ignored. Its influence is being profoundly felt by those who have the best interests of their country at heart, although they may be divided in opinion as to its value in China’s hour of need. Man’s extremity is still God’s opportunity.

INTERNAL CONDITIONS

China’s efforts to conclude a peace between the North and the South have failed. The country is groaning under the burden of a military rule and finds 110 way to rid herself of it While there has been little actual fighting within the territory of the South China Mission, prac­ tically the whole of it has been used for quartering and drilling soldiers and by devious ways more or less disastrous to the welfare of the people securing the funds necessary for their support. One of the notoriously corrupt methods has been carried out in connection with opium planting. For a heavy tax levied by counties, then apportioned to townships and finally to villages and towns, the privilege of planting opium has been granted. Throughout the- district the tax was so much per acre whether the land was planted or not, and was made so large that it could sot 144 1920] THE SOUTH CHINA MISSION 145 be met by any method except by planting poppy. After the crop ivas well harvested another set of officials were to come forward and punish the people for planting. Thus the people were compelled to plant opium and then were to be punished for doing it. Owing to presentations by the British Government the permission to plant has been withdrawn and much of the crop destroyed.

THE JAPANESE BOYCOTT

When it became known that Japan held by secret treaty the former rights of Germany in Shantung and that the Peace Treaty recognized those secret treaties as binding, the students in all our schools went on a strike. Great parades were organized, Japanese goods were burned and Chinese dealers in them blacklisted. China has never witnessed such a united uprising of her young manhood. Students from our own schools even went so far as to seize Japanese coal, carry it out to the sea and dump it overboard. It is impossible for Japanese goods to get into China in any quantity by any of the ordinary methods of import. The Chinese students have borne themselves with the most admirable self- control. They have proved themselves capable of doing things effective­ ly. The students have brought about a national awakening. For the first time in a generation China has presented a demand to Japan. In all this agitation, students from our mission schools have taken an active part. They did not ask our permission, and it would have proved dis­ astrous for us to have attempted any suppression of their enthusiasm. Scholastically our schools have suffered very materially, but in the mak­ ing of red-blooded men. they have advanced tremendously.

THE NEW SPIRIT IN CHINA

The new spirit is shown in the interest in athletics in all schools. Athletic meets have been organized in each county and representatives from scores of schools have met in friendly rivalry for the contests. No more impressive sight can be imagined than the lining up after the contest of all the pupils of thirty schools, a thousand strong, Christian and non-Chri?tian standing shoulder to shoulder with bared heads, shouting together “Long Live the Republic!” No discrimination what­ ever has been made against Christian schools. These athletic meets have proved the Chinese youth of more than ordinary capacity for accomplishing things. The one thing needful in every case has proved to be “leadership.” The difficulty in securing leaders is to find men intellectually capable of leadership, who are also morally responsible and reliable. Mission schools have their contribution to make to righteousness and integrity of leadership. 146 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

HIGHER EDUCATION In higher education the mission is making use of the Shanghai College and Nanking Seminary, and at the same time developing its own institu­ tions as fast as men and equipment can be secured. The Ashmortf Theological Seminary has raised its standard of admission. The first two years will be given to the studies of the academy course in the main, while the third, fourth and fifth years will be given to what is more distinctively theological. Each central station grammar school will also add two years of academy work to its course. The returns we are receiving on the investment in education already made, are indicated in Rev. A. H. Page’s report: “W e are reaping a great deal of satisfaction in our graduates. One has finished the course at the Soochow Medical School, and is doing work as a doctor at Kityang. One. after taking pre-medical work at Shanghai College, completed the five-year course in English at Soochow Medical College, and is at Chao- yang carrying on a campaign against hookworm and other scourges, doing the microscopic analysis and other high grade work of a regular physician, deeply in earnest, too, for the spiritual welfare of his patients. One who has graduated from Shanghai College is among Rev. J. H. Giffin’s right-hand men at the Kaying Academy, and has been a large factor in the recent conversion of twenty students and two teachers. Another Shanghai graduate has specialized in chemistry beyond all other students at the college, and is now making strong our own science de­ partment ; he has had flattering offers from commercial and mining inter­ ests. Still another, who was acknowledged the keenest mind in his col­ lege class, is now one of our teachers, and is leading our boys in social and Christian service. Another will graduate from Nanking University this year, and return to us. He was the head and shoulders of the debat­ ing team which recently defeated St. John’s University. There are a dozen others in colleges, seminaries, and medical schools. A new day is dawning for South China.”

KAYING ACADEMY The work in the Kaying Academy shows how rapid is the development and how far-reaching is the influence, on the Christian leadership of China. “Throughout the year we have continued to grow. The academy students now number 110, as against 70 at this time last year, while the total in the academy and the boys' lower and higher primary schools is 377. Last year the highest enrolment was 249. The total enrolment of students on the field is almost 600, whereas in the year 1912 it was only 50. “W e now have graduates scattered from Peking in the North to Sumatra in the South; and from Tokyo in the East to Changsha in the West. Five are in Shanghai College. “Quite a number of the students have been baptized. In the fourth year class there are five Christians; two of these rank high among the 1920] THE SOUTH CHINA MISSION 147 students as leaders. In the third year class there are twelve Christians out of a total of sixteen. Three or four of our strongest and best men in the second year class are Christians. Eighteen were baptized this fall. I have never known a time when the spirit in the school was so good. “ Some of our teachers have done excellent work both in control of students and in personal work. It was largely through their efforts that so many have decided to become Christians. Mr. Ling, our new teacher from Shanghai College, has done especially good work in leading the students to make a decision for Christ.” “The social work of the school is interesting. A Temperance Society of almost 100 members conducts an active propaganda against tobacco and wine. This society has created great enthusiasm amongst people outside the school. Questions affecting home life are taken up by the students. They call this society the Christian Home Club, ‘in which practical ques­ tions of home life are discussed. Some of the questions asked are: ‘What is an ideal home?’ 1 ‘How can we secure ideal homes?’ ‘How can I secure a w'ife who will be a companion for me?’ ‘I am married to a woman and we are not suited. I do not wish to go through life thus, what am I to do?’ ‘My wife is not educated, and my parents refuse to educate her, but demand that she shall work in the fields. This is in­ compatible with my station in life. What can be done?’ There are problems galore, and the young men are at a loss to know what to do, for home life in China is far from ideal.”

THE WORK AT CHANGNING

Changning, the newest of our central stations and the farthest away from Swratow, has had a year of quiet growth. Special emphasis has been placed on the prayer life and efforts made to encourage family prayers, or to have several families assemble daily for worship. The results in the quickening of the spiritual life have been most gratifying. Closely allied to this has been the effort to administer discipline in the churches. Membership has been made more difficult. Several months of careful instruction in Christian truth before baptism are required. Medical work has consisted of regular dispensary work at the central station and occasional dispensing at outstations. Not only has the dis­ pensary become more eagerly sought after by the people, but patients have also manifested a greater desire to know the truth. A grammar school has been started. Night schools have been con­ ducted with good results. One new station has been established. There have been 30 baptisms, bringing the total membership up to 370.

THE OPPORTUNITY AT HOPO

The Rhoda Roblee Barker Memorial Boys’ School building at Hopo has been completed and while it still lacks recreation grounds and equip­ 148 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY L ^ p ort

ment, it is now recognized as the one grammar school in that region and highly recommended by the educational bureau of the county. An extract from Rev. A. S. Adams’ report will show its wide influence, and its great opportunities. “The government school inspector of Kityang county recently on his visit to Hopo said that in the region called ‘Six Divisions’ of Hopo, an area of about 18 miles by 12 miles, there have hitherto been five upper primary schools, and at least 194 lower primary schools, each with an average of thirty boys, totaling 3,120 lower primary pupils. Two of the five upper primary schools formerly had govern­ ment recognition. Three still exist in a lame fashion, while two have failed entirely, and not one of the five is now worthy of government recognition. Hereafter the «ounty official will recognize only the Rhoda Roblee Barker Memorial School as the upper primary school for Hopo’s five divisions. An endowment fund with income of $400 per annum is to be used for raising the standard of the lower primary schools by a system of rewards, and hereafter boys from these schools on graduation are to be urged to come to us.” For several years Mrs. Adams, in addition to her household duties, has looked after the work for women and girls, and a most promising girls’ school has been developed. The quarters have been entirely in­ adequate and nnsuited to the best work. Last year Miss Pauline Senn, a Chinese woman educated in America, came out to take charge of the girls’ school. Being a Cantonese, she has had to put in some time in the Hakka dialect, but is now ready to begin work. A new building has been erected and will be ready for use at the beginning of the next Chinese. year. The best families at Hopo who, because of the poor buildings and equipment, would not send their girls to school before, are now preparing to do so. For years the village has been raising money for the opening of medi­ cal work. These funds now amount to several thousand dollars. While this offer was made more than ten years ago, the Chinese are as in­ sistent as ever that we accept it and open medical work. This we hope to do the coming year.

PROGRESS IN SWATOW

The chief interest during the past year has centered in the erection of an academy building at Kak-chieh. Flans call for the development of the girls’ high school, with the necessary buildings and equipment. In regard to the academy building, a new dormitory, the finest building in all this region, has been erccted. The materials used are recnforced concrete and stone. This building is supposed to be fire-proof, typhoon- and white ant-and earthquake-proof. It will accommodate about two hundred students, with two rooms for teachcrs. The architectural beauty rs somewhat impaired by lack of funds to put on a front section. This section would not add to the beauty alone, but to the usefulness of the 1920] THE SOUTH CHINA MISSION 149 building, and would cost about $8,000. It is planned during the coming year to open a normal department. At the present time there is no girls’ high school in this part of China. Our mission here has a field without competition with other mission schools or writh government schools. The first class in this high school was started with the beginning of the school year in September. The site has been selected for this school and in part prepared, and the site for the residence connected with it is almost ready to take the building. But the new dormitory building for the academy and the administration building for the girls’ high school do not in any wise complete the plant that is certain to be required in the next few years. In the city of Swatow, we meet with an entirely different type of mission service. Swratow is a business and port town and the shipping business center of several large towns and cities inland, but directly connected with it by water and by rail. The people in Swatow are there to transact their business and make money, while their families and their homes are back inland. Methods of work used elsewhere do not meet the situation at Swatow. Mission work at Swatow means following certain lines of institutional work. Education means following lines of vocational training to a large extent. For many years our mission work in Swatowr has languished. It was a question of men and means. About two years ago the way opened for Rev. Jacob Speicher to return from Canton to Swatow for residence. His coming seemed to the mission most opportune. Night school classes in English, Mandarin, Cantonese and other subjects have been conducted and a kindergarten has been opened by Mrs. Speicher. The original girls’ and boys’ schools have been continued and others opened. Quarters have been rented for these additional schools and the effort has been to improve their grade and quality. Illustrated lecture courses, have been given to large and appreciative audiences of men and women. The fire having destroyed the buildings about our town chapel, it be­ came necessary to rebuild the whole block in order to secure again the necessary income from rentals to have a plant adapted to institutional work. Other buildings destroyed by fire in all that district have been or are being rebuilt. For our chapel block still to lie in ruins was for the mission a loss of standing in the community. When, therefore, the offer was received from a wealthy Chinese to advance some nine thou­ sand dollars rent on the proposed building, it seemed best for the mission to secure if possible the remaining twenty odd thousand, and put up the building. By the use of certain funds temporarily available, we had enough in sight to begin work. It is hoped that appropriations may be made to cover the entire cost of this building, thus releasing funds without delay. This effort to provide the initial equipment for our Swatow work is certainly one of the outstanding events for the year. 150 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

INDUSTRIAL TRAINING One of the live questions in most missions in China is that of industrial and vocational training. The nations want China’s trade; how can her purchasing capacity be increased? How can the people be enabled to pay for the things they want? Since the student crusade began which has involved the boycott of everything produced in Japan, the cry has gone out over the land for home production, so we have strictly Chinese industries springing up which are more or less successful and permanent. They all create a demand for industrial and vocational training. The de­ mand of the church is for the improvement of the welfare of its own mem­ bers, in order that its own members may be able to make possible the functioning of an indigenous Chinese church. Something larger and more definitely industrial and vocational is demanded. Our conference has given no little attention to this matter. W e are wondering if the time is not approaching when the mission should go a step farther and estab­ lish a school of technology. I am sure that the Chinese stand ready to support such an institution very liberally. This undoubtedly presents to Christian missions one of the finest opportunities for service ever laid at the door of the church.

MEDICAL DEVELOPMENT

The mission has formulated a plan which involves building up one large and well equipped central medical plant, with dispensary work in each of the other central stations, this dispensary work to be under the direction of foreign doctors, but done in part, or wholly, by Chinese physicians. It has also been expected that these dispensaries would some time develop into hospitals whenever the Chinese were ready to meet wholly or in part the expenses involved in the evolution. Senti­ ment seems to be centering on Kityang as the location of the central hospital. For a number of years the Woman’s Board has conducted medical work for women and children, employing a native physician for ministering to men. Beginning with last year, the General Board assumed the support of a Chinese physician who has received his medi­ cal training in a standard school. The next step has been taken in requesting an American physician to come to Kityang. The work of the Woman’s Society at Kityang over a long period of years has proved to the people very largely the value of foreign medicine. The high quality of work done by Chinese physicians who have received good medical training is another element in the solution of the problem, for these men wherever they have had adequate training, are making good.

REPORTS FROM THE STATIONS

Kityang reports a kind of work that is certainly Girist-like in spirit and shows that even officials arc looking to Christianity for help in 1920] THE SOUTH CHINA MISSION 151

some of their tasks. “ The Hai Hong Hsien Magistrate offered to pay a share of his salary if we would send a man to give part of his time to working for the prisoners. A seminary student went during the vacation and had a fine reception. He fell ill and within a few days a pathetic letter came from the prisoners saying ‘W e are like the earth in time of drought, not having opportunity to listen to the Good News these several days.’ Another appointee is now availing himself of this unique opportunity, the first in our history and one which we hope will prove fruitful of good.” Before the seat of government was removed to Swatow, Chaochowfu was both the civil and military center of all this district. Next to Kaying, the people were the proudest and most anti-foreign, thus making it one of the most difficult fields imaginable. In no city has there been more faithful and direct preaching of the gospel than at Chaochowfu. For years the missionary has provided a good building on one of the main streets of the city and kept its doors open practically every day for preach­ ing. The results have been exceedingly meager and the quality of the few converts made has not been such as to convince the other inhabitants in their pride and self-sufficiency. About three years ago a change in method of preaching took place. A boys’ primary day school was opened in the chapel. The school has doubled its numbers every year. To the lower primary grade a grammar grade has been added and now a junior academy is even dreamed of. Instead of a few people attending the Sunday services, the chapel is crowded beyond its capacity. Instead of the poor and the ignorant of bygone days, we now have a congregation of merchants, and teachers in government schools. One of the men who is giving much attention to making our own school a success is the head of one of the most popular government schools nearby. The open­ ing of that school marks an epoch in the history of our work at Chao­ chowfu. It is no longer a question of seeking opportunities, but of using those that are thrust upon us. Primary girls’ schools have been conducted at Chaochowfu for a num­ ber of years. Not until this autumn has anything like grammar grade work been attempted. This has now begun with good promise of growth and progress. It is hoped that the day is not far distant when medical work can be opened at this place, as something to show the love of Christ in the healing of human sicknesses. The great need now is for funds to erect a chapel that will not only accommodate the very greatly increased Sunday audiences, but will also enable the church to under­ take institutional features which are of great importance in such a city as Chaochowfu. I have already mentioned the fact that the dispensary’ at Ungkung was being conducted by a Chinese physician. Work was started by Dr. H. W . Newman and the foundation was well laid. People were asked to contribute to the erection of certain wards, and the Chamber of Com­ 152 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

merce took the matter up and not only were the funds forthcoming but confidence and abiding interest in the institution were won. The Ungkung school is another instance of bringing to life a work long established. Rev. G. W . Lewis has in the past done noble work in developing the life of the churches, and I think it is safe to say that on no other field do we find church life expressing itself in organization and in activities as we have it on the Ungkung field. Now the opening of the boys’ school with government recognition and a large number of the gentry of Ungknng acting as sponsors for it, has put the Ungkung school in the place of leadership in the county and has brought new life and encouragement to the churches of the field. The Woman’s Board has made an appropriation for building a girls’ school. The disturbed state of the country and inability to secure ad­ joining lands that we felt were required has delayed us, but work has now begun on part of the building and will be completed when the land is secured. For this we need an additional sum of three or four thou­ sand dollars. So far as I know, this is the only girls’ boarding school in the county. This means that the matter of education of the girls is in our hands. The greatest need is the boys’ school building to house the present grammar school which is now meeting in the chapel and in all sorts of little rooms adjacent that are too little and mean to be used for anything else. In spite of all these handicaps, the school has govern­ ment recognition and has made excellent progress and won for itself a good name in the county. Outside of the city an admirable location has been secured for the school site. Wre ought to have at least eight thousand dollars immediately to put up this building which would be practically the only boarding school of grammar grade worthy the name, in the whole county. It is a matter of deep regret that Rev. and Mrs. G. W . Lewis must lay down their work at Ungkung. Both in the church and outside the church they had won a large place in the affections of the people. Their return to America means that his field with its boarding school dis­ pensary and more than twenty outstations, is left without a missionary. It must be temporarily and very superficially attended to from a long distance by another man who already has a boarding school and dis­ pensary, and more than thirty outstations. This means that the com­ bined field with two boarding schools, two dispensaries, and sixty out­ stations and places of meeting covering a territory of one hundred miles long and fifty miles wide, must be looked after by one man, and he in addition to his own work has the secretaryship of the mission. The conditions of progress that prevail generally in the South China Mission maintain on the Chaoyang field also. Three years ago the mission adopted a five year program. This proposed the doubling of the church membership. The pro rata increase has just about been achieved and it is hoped that the coming year, the .sixtieth anniversary 1920] THE SOUTH CHINA MISSION 153 of our mission, will be made memorable by the largest advance in our history. The mission has gained so much in standing and has so far won the good will of the people that an unprecedented ingathering may be expected. This year while the baptisms number only seventy-five, there might have been twice as many, had it been possible to get to the people in the outstations who are awaiting the ordinance. This good will of the people is shown in the continued support of our schools in the outstations by patronage of non-Christians. Gifts to our work also continue. The Chinese physician at Chaoyang has received two fees that express the confidence of the people better than any words. A fee of $100 was from a launch company, and one of $200 came from the county magistrate. Our boarding school at Chaoyang has recently received one gift of $100, one of $200 and one of $500. These larger gifts have come from men who do not even patronize the school, but who recognize it as one of the "benevolent” institutions which men of wealth should help sup­ port. These gifts also show how the mission is identifying itself with the interests of the people. THE EAST CHINA MISSION Compiled by J. T. Proctor, D.D. O U B S T A N T IA L progress has been made in the East China Mis- ^ sion during the year 1919, along every line, in the acquisition and use of a better trained Chinese staff, in increase in foreign staff, slight increases in plants, especially for country churches and at Shanghai Baptist College, decided improvements in the quality of the work in our schools, and in progress in securing better organization and especially in securing a better knowledge of the nature of the prob­ lems before the mission on the part of the members of the mission. Without attempting to cover all the ground, progress along four lines should especially be mentioned.

THE PROVINCIAL ASSOCIATION

During the year there has been put into operation a plan by which the total grants made to churches in the East China Mission have been made over in a lump sum to the executive committee of the provincial association and this committee, from this lump sum. makes grants to the local churches upon application. In the past grants have been made to the local churches directly by the mission. The provincial association has appointed a strong executive committee which is given power to act on behalf of the association in an ad­ ministrative way. This committee is composed of seven Chinese and two missionaries elected by the association. A little over $18,000 in appropriations has been turned over to this committee for adminis­ tration on behalf of the mission. The territory of the provincial association has been divided into four district associations. Each of these associations has an executive committee and this local execu­ tive committee is made responsible for the supervision of the work- in the churches to which grants are made. This is by far the most decided advance step taken in this mission in ten years. During the year 1919 a beginning has been made, through the executive committee of the provincial association, in establishing two benevolent funds for the aid of the churches. One of these funds is a building and loan fund for the erection of chapels and church buildings. Funds will be raised annually from the churches and from individuals and will be administered by the executive committee. Another fund is a loan fund for the aid of student* in our schools. One thousand dollars has been raised from Chinese sources and this fund 154 1920] TIIE EAST CHINA MISSION 155

will be administered by a joint committee along with a similar fund pro­ vided by the mission. Two ordained Chinese ministers have been set aside as district pastors. The duty of these district pastors is to share with the missionaries in charge, responsibility for the supervision of churches and general evangelistic work within the bounds of each station. These district pastors are elected by the execute committees of the district associations and will be responsible to these committees. It is hoped, by the use of these district pastors, to secure better super­ vision and administration of our evangelistic work than is now pos­ sible, and with a reduced number of evangelistic missionaries. It is hoped in time to have one district pastor in each station. Tw o of our college graduates who have finished their education in America have returned to the mission. One of these, Mr. T. C. Wu, took the theological course in Rochester Seminary and also took his Master’s degree in the Divinity School of the University of Chicago. Mr. W u is to become pastor of our Shanghai church. He is the first American trained Baptist minister in China. The other returned student took his Doctor of Philosophj- degree in Biology in Yale and has returned to that department in the college.

NINGPO

The Ningpo station has been fortunate in having a full staff on the field during the whole of the year. All the results reported are very satisfactory. Progress along a few lines will be noted. Land for the girls’ high school has been purchased and is now being improved with the hope of beginning building operations in the not distant future. During the year plans have been completed on the field to make this high school a union school equally supported by the Presbyterian and Baptist missions. This insures, we think, the future of the school. Building plans have already been completed by competent architects and it is fully expected that our share of the funds will be raised by the W om an’s Board during the year 1920. Dinghae is one of the most important small cities or county seats in the Ningpo field. It has a population of about 25,000. Men living in Dinghae with business in Shanghai have been supporting a boys’ school for some years. A similar school has been supported by our mission. During the year plans have been completed for the merg­ ing of these two schools under the control of a joint board repre­ senting the mission and the local gentry. The gentry plan to put in not less than $30,000 and the mission will put in not less than $15,000. This progress is along the line of great hopefulness for the future. One of the district pastors now employed by the mission is work­ ing in the Ningpo field. He is a college man and seminary graduate who was ordained a year ago. He is aggressive, resourceful, ener­ 156 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

getic and untiring. With his cooperation, Rev. L. C. Hylbert is able to report a most successful year in the evangelistic work. The work is certainly better organized than ever before and the local Chinese association feels more real responsibility for its progress. The return of Dr. J. S. Grant to the hospital work is made manifest in an increase in the number of patients and a decided increase in the income of the hospital. The evangelistic staff of the hospital has been increased, with satisfactory results. The whole mission joins with the Ningpo station in its distinct sense of loss in the passing away of Mrs. Grant after a rather long illness. Her influence in the station, especially in the hospital has always been marked. She suc­ ceeded in keeping in active personal work more days in the year than any other missionary, within the memory of those now living.

SHAOHSING

The Shaohsing station has had a full staff during the greater part of the year and this is the largest staff which it has ever had. Also during the year two graduates of the Shanghai seminary have been added to the Chinese staff. One of these is a college and seminary graduate. The other is a graduate of the training course. These men are already making their influence felt in establishing higher standards of efficiency and in pointing the way to new forms of activity. One of the Chinese ordained men of this station has been set aside as a district pastor. His services are proving invaluable in securing a careful supervision of the outstation work, and especially since Rev. A. F. Ufford is still responsible for the evangelistic work in the Hangchow field in addition to that in Shaohsing. The hospital has had its full foreign staff for the first time in its hir-tory. It is perhaps true that it is now the best foreign staffed Baptist hospital in China, with two physicians and two nurses. The ho spital has had the usual number of in-patients during the year and very gratifying progress is being made in local income. Improvements on the building for the W om an’s school have been completed and the return of Miss M. A . Dowling has made possible the beginning of work in the enlarged building. The transfer to Shaohsing of Miss H. H. Brittingham makes it possible that Miss Dowling can give her whole time to the development of this school. Progress has been made in securing better chapels, especially for the outstation churches. Property has been bought in one outsta­ tion and decidedly larger and better chapels have been secured by rent in three other outstations. The city church is rejoicing in the prospect of a new buih'ing. for which the funds are already in hand. 1920] THE EAST CHINA MISSION 157

KINHWA

The Kinhwa station has been under-manned all year. The resigna­ tion of Rev. and Mrs. I. B. Clark has left the school and evangelistic work without any superintendent, while the inability of Dr. and Mrs. C. F. MacKenzie to return because of health reasons, has deprived the hospital of its foreign doctor. This most unusual combination of circumstances has led the mission to make a most interesting experiment in sending to Kinhwa one of the missionary teachers in the college to help out the work for one year. Mr. and Mrs. Victor Hanson spent one year in Kinhwa. Mr. Hanson was acting principal o f the boys’ school and at the same time was responsible for super­ vision of the evangelistic work. He was enthusiastic about his ex­ periences while there and the Chinese and foreign leaders in the station were equally enthusiastic about the results of the experiment. Fortunately a new appointee is on the field in the language school, preparing to take over the work of the school this coming year. In spite of the absence of Dr. MacKenzie, some decided progress has been made in the work of the hospital. Dr. Shen is proving himself most satisfactory as a physician and very valuable as an administrator. His influence and activities in caring for the work in the station in addition to the work of the hospital has demon­ strated the wisdom of the mission in breaking all of its salary records in order to secure a thoroughly well-trained man for this hospital. During the year substantial progress has been made in developing a nurses’ training class under the enthusiastic leadership of Miss C. A. Hewey. Miss Hewev has been invaluable in consultation with the Chinese doctors and the principal of the boys’ boarding school in holding the work together in the absence of a man in the station for the latter part of the year.

HUCHOW

The develpment of the W om an’s school under the able leader­ ship of Miss M. I. Jones continues to be the point of greatest interest in the Huchow station. The school has already outgrown the rela­ tively large plant erected a few years ago. Every feature of the work is proving of great interest to the many friends who are watch­ ing its development. Unfortunately M is- Jones has had to return to America to prevent a break-down in health. Miss E. G. Shoemaker is assuming large responsibility as prin­ cipal of the girls’ boarding school and superintendent of seven girls' day schools. She has 195 girls under her care. She is showing re­ markable couragc in insisting on getting high-grade Chinese teachers. W ith the aid of these, she is showing good results in her schools. During the latter part of the year the ho-pitai f*r the first time 158 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

in its history has had its full foreign staff, with the exception of one nurse. There are now three foreign doctors and one nurse. Near the close of the year the long effort to secure a suitable site for the new hospital building was rewarded by a gift from the gentry of the city of a very desirable site. This gift is significant in its actual money value. It is far more significant in its representation of good will and a spirit of cooperation on the part of the respon­ sible leaders in the community. The work of the new year will be to erect the new buildings and to further cement the relations of co­ operation between the hospital and the community. The evangelistic work has made the usual progress during the year. The local executive committee is well organized and Rev. J. V. Latimer upon returning to America for his furlough, had the gratifica­ tion of leaving his work in splendid shape.

HANGCHOW

Hangchow is still without an evangelistic worker. Mr. Latimer is expected to return to this work in the fall of 1920. A ll other phases of the work have shown progress during the year. Decided improve­ ments have been made in repairs and alterations on the buildings and grounds of Wayland Academy. The funds for the new building promised over a year ago have not yet come, but carefully worked out plans have been prepared by the architects, both for the new building immediately expected and for the development of the school with a capacity to receive five hundred pupils. The Chinese staff of this institution has been growing in strength from jrear to year, and already a larger share of administrative work is being carried by Chinese than is true in any other of our schools. A new Chinese evangelist has been secured for the city church with which Mrs. W . S. Sweet is working. Great activity and progress is manifest in her work, both in the church, in her day schools and especially in her work for women. The union girls’ high school has made the usual progress. Graduates from this school are increasingly in demand.

SHANGHAI

The progress of the work in Shanghai can be fairly represented by the following concrete statements: Mr. T. C. W u has been elected as the pastor of the church after completing his theological education in America. Dr. C. C. Chen has taken a position in the department of biology in the college, after receiving his Doctor of Philosophy degree at Yale. Mr. Ralph B. Kennard has been added to the staff of the college in the department of industrial chemistry. Rev. P. R. Bakeman lias returned to the field and has been designated to work in the theological department of the college. Over 300 students are 1920] THE EAST CHINA MISSION 159 enrolled. Twenty-eight college students are studying for the ministry, which is the largest group of college students studying for the ministry in any college in China. Two new buildings have been completed, the Haskell gymnasium and the Evanston dormitory. Three graduates of the college went to America for further study.

NANKING

The greatest development of the year in the work of the Uni­ versity of Nanking has been in the department of agriculture and forestry. M ost substantial financial aid and cooperation is being secured from several provincial governments and especially from several commercial organizations in Shanghai. These commercial organizations are putting money into the department because it is in a position to render larger service in its line than is any other school in China. The East China Mission considers itself fortunate in having a definite share in a department which is rendering such a valuable service to the whole country. Ginling College is making decided progress along three lines; in the number of pupils, in securing land for a new plant and in working out building plans through competent architects. During the year the first class graduated from the college. The foreign staff compares favorably with the staff of colleges for boys in China today. Dur­ ing a portion of the year Miss Lydia Brown, representing this mis­ sion, has been acting president of the college. THE WEST CHINA MISSION Compiled by Joseph Taylor, D.D. Y E A R of peace has passed over us since the last annual report was A written; yet there have been wars and rumors of wars in different parts of the world. It is almost true to say that the world has been more unsettled during 1919 than it was during the four years of war. And this spirit of unrest has been manifest in China. The two parts of this country are still in a state of war, and, at times, it looks as if actual fighting would be renewed. The students of the country rose up in anger over the award of Shangtung to Japan by the wiseheads in Paris. Yet so far as West China and the province of Szechuan is concerned, peace has held sway. It is the business of the missionary to estimate the trend of public opinion, so that he may the better adapt the presentation of the gospel to the people. This was very well done by a Chinese preacher, Dr. Chen Wei Ping, who came to this province in a party under the lead­ ership of Mr. J. H. Blackstone. Dr. Chen was sent to the West China Union University to conduct a series of morning services with the stu­ dents. From the first, he struck the note of patriotism which was dominant in the life and thought of the students. Then in a most masterly manner he led them up to Jesus Christ as the Saviour, not only of their individual souls, but of the whole world, China included. No wonder the young men responded to his appeal for a life of sacrifice and service. A religious revival spread through the several colleges of which the university is composed. In our own dormitory only one student is left as a non-Christian. In another dormitory, the whole student body capitu­ lated to their Lord and Master. Not one dormitory was left untouched. Here is the solution of the Christianization of China. Consecrated Chinese preachers, will wake this people out of their sleep of centuries, and con­ vince them of the power of Christ, the Son of God, to redeem them and their country from sin.

CHURCHES

The work among the churches of our mission has been pushed just as fas as a depleted staff of missionaries could carry it. Ningyuan, the station down in the southwest corner of our district, twelve days beyond Yachow, has had to exist one more year without the care of a mission­ ary. Since Rev. Robert Wellwood went to America, and then to France, where he gave his life for the Chinese, no missionary has resided in 160 1920] THE WEST CHINA MISSION 161

Ningyuan, and only very occasionally, and for a brief stay, has any missionary visited that big, needy field. This is a real hurt to the whole cause of Christ in West China and is becoming a source of shame to our mission. The schools are in better condition, and this because we have been able to put old students from our schools in Chengtu in charge. But the entire Ningyuan work is drifting into a critical condition, because the mission is not able to send one missionary to care for it. Yachow has had to be content with piece-meal service until the return of Mr. and Mrs. H. J. Openshaw from America. Yet the church has continued to grow in numbers if not always in spiritual power. One reason for this is that we are able to put a few trained workers into that district. It is true that none of them have had much consecutive training, but nearly all of them have been in one or more of our schools for a year or longer. The great need here, as in others of our churches, is for fully trained pastors who can relieve the missionary from the care of the central church and set him free for itinerating in the surround­ ing cities and villages. The big gain in Yachow is a fine church build­ ing fitted in every respect for the worship of God and the building-up of the church in spiritual things. This is due in no small way to the quiet but effective work of Rev. W . E. Bailey now on furlough in America. Mr. Openshaw writes of this church as follows: “The formal dedication of the splendid new church building awaited our return. It took place two days before Christmas. From our stand­ point the building would have been properly dedicated in the religious service, but from the Chinese standpoint a proper dedication included the presentation of Biens (sign boards) to the accompaniment of music and firecrackers and followed by the usual feasting. One of the large sign boards, now adorning the front wall of the church, bears the inscription ‘God is O ne/ and another, ‘Light Illumines the People.’ W e now have a fine church building dedicated to the service of God and to His Son.” . The work at Kiating has been steadily growing. A good property was purchased at Cheinwei, a thriving city on the banks of the Minn River, between Suifu and Kiating, and this really established our church in that city. Hitherto it had been transferred from one rented quarter to another. Now' it is anchored on its own property, for which the Chinese have raised a good deal of money. The church in the Kiating field is farthest advanced in the practice of self-support. Its members are learn­ ing to rely more upon themselves and their own efforts than upon the men and funds from America. Rev. J. C. Jensen is now in charge of this work and there is pressing need of at least one more family for Kiating. The district of Suifu is so compact and so populous that there is room and work for all our available missionaries. But we have had to be content with two missionaries, other than those of the Woman’s Board, during the past year. This has resulted quite naturally in Rev. and Mrs. A. G. Adams having to leave for America because of over-strain. Mr. Adams gives a schedule of work that explains his early furlough. - •162 AMERICAN BAPTIST- FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

“The evangelistic work in both city and country was maintained dur­ ing the spring and summer. Two country preachers kept the district covered, one of them maintaining regular services daily and a reading- room in our largest outstation, over the border in Yunnan province. Two men were baptized in the small river that flows by that outstation the city of Hsu Giang (Chin Giang).. when the foreign pastor and two deacons visited it early in April. The city work has been maintained with the aid of two preachers and part time of the association superintendent as one of the city preachers had to give a lot of time to the country work and to the country schools. The city work scheduled is as follows, per Week: On Sunday two church services. Sunday school, and a service in each of the schools; during the week two Bible classes for women, one for men, two services in the street chapel, and the midweek prayer meeting were maintained, in addition to daily fifteen minutes morning prayers in the church, and the monthly business meeting with communion service the following Sunday. All the outstations are covered twice a year by the foreign pastor, necessitating four trips a season, spring and fall. The longest of these trips was three weeks and the shortest five days. Pressure of city work prevents longer time in the country. At Easter the total additions by baptism were twenty-two, seven of whom were women. The purchase of four outstation chapels was completed during the year, and the reconstruction of another finished. The usefulness of our country work has been greatly increased by the use of stereopticon slides presenting Christianity in a real and vivid way, and commanding great crowds that gave perfect attention for an hour at a time.’’ The work of preaching the gospel in Chengtu has gone on with un­ abated zeal and good results. Rev. J. P. Davies, who leaves ior America this month, writes: “The year 1919 has been a good one in the Chengtu Baptist church. W e have added forty-six members by baptism. There has been a deep­ ening of the spiritual life of the members. While our membership is harmonious it is not homogeneous. There are at least six classes of members; the city men, the students from the Union University, the boys from the day schools, the city women, the young women from the middle and normal schools, and the girls from the day school. In each class we see signs of progress. W e are not striving for a rapid growth in numbers, but we are trying to bring in individuals one by one who have a definite religious experience.”

HOSPITALS

Would that the report of our mc-dica! work were more in keeping with the pastoral side of tlie m ission. But it is far otherwise. Dr. C. E. .Tompkins left for America late in 1919 and now, in 1920, the Stiifn Men’s Hospital is still ciused. The Woman’s Board has maintained 1 0 2 0 ] THE WEST CHINA MISSION 163 w o r k in that city- under the efficient care of Dr. E. Bretthauer and Miss L. Jennie Crawford. Ningyuan, of course, has had no worker. Yachow had piece-meai service. Dr. W . R. Morse had to leave there hurriedly to try to save Miss J. L. Cody from dying, but was too late. Then Dr. Anna Rudd went from Chengtu to Yachow for several monhts. Finally, Dr. J. C. Humphreys returned from America and took up the medical work at Yachow. He has been there only a few months, and during that time has made a long journey to Ningyuan and. return. But he has gotten a good grip on the work and is going at it in the right way. Instead of spending his time giving out itch-medicine and santonine tablets he is endeavoring to check disease in our mission schools, and so give us fairly good healthy boys and girls with whom to work. It is obvious that we cannot secure adequate returns for the investment we are making in schools and in student aid unless the children are protected from the danger of infection and early death, and given a chance to live in such a condition of reasonable health as will enable them to receive the full benefit of the school and also serve us more effectively and then do the w'ork for which wTe are training them— their life work among their own people. W e have no hospitals at Kiating or Chengtu, because we can have medical care from the doctors of other missions. At Chengtu, Dr. W . R. Morse serves the community as physician and is consulting surgeon in two of the mission hospitals. This is in addition to teaching on the medical faculty of the university.

SCHOOLS

It is gratifying to report good progress in this branch of our work. Whether in the lower reaches of education or at the Union University we are forging ahead and preparing young men and women to become leaders in the churches and communities where we work. W e have been able to send out a larger number of teachers to the station schools and this has resulted in a better grade of students omiing up to the middle school at Chengtu. Our graduates and former students are gradually pervading the cities and villages of this i rovince. Mr. D. S. Dye, in a careful review of this phase of our work says: “For the last ten years we have been cooperating in the West China Union University and there are but few of lVk mission stations which do not have a teacher or preacher who has been in the institution here. It is the policy and practise of the mission to send our students out at the end of the middle school course and at the end of the junior division of the university' to teach in mission schools. Mr. J. E. Moncrieff writes about the work at Monroe Academy, Suifu: “The attendance at Monroe Academy continues small as a result of .:wo causes, in one of which we rejoice while the other is a source of !t'i:ret The first reason referred to is the fact that the city (govern­ 164 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

ment) middle school has this year been thoroughly reorganized and put on what appears to be a much better footing as regards scholarship, discipline and support, than it has enjoyed for some years past. As a result, a number of students who would otherwise come to Monroe attend the other school. Yet we feel it is a gain to both schools to have a spirit of friendly rivalty such as was not possible when the govern­ ment institution was all but defunct; then, too, there is plenty of room in the district for the services of both schools. The other reason re­ ferred to is the fact that our own mission lower schools supply us with so fe w , students. They are our natural feeders, and we need a man to devote his whole time to building up a strong primary school work throughout the district. So long as the station is so sadly undermanned this cannot be achieved. The spiritual condition of the school has continued good. Fifty per cent of the students are professing Christians and church members. Two of our most promising lads were baptized last Easter, and several others are now candidates for baptism. H alf the Chinese faculty are active Christian workers and the other half are in sympathy with Chris­ tian aims and ideals. The school Y . M. C. A. is strong and active, and has the distinction of being the only student Y. M. C. A. in Szechuan outside the capital. With some financial assistance it maintains the only primary school in existence in the community, and student members qi the association conduct the classes in modern subjects.” The schools at Ningyuan are carried on by old students and graduates of our middle school at Chengtu. When one thinks of the great dif­ ficulties of this work and the temptations under which the teachers are placed, it is simply wronderful what is being accomplished. Somewhere and at sometime good work must have been done with those teachers and it is showing in the Ningyuan schools. Kiating has no senior primary boarding school for boys; and this is a great lack in our work in that district. No time should be lost in securing a missionary for the building up of our school system in this important field. Much is being done in the lower schools and we are beginning to get results here at Chengtu. Yachow still lacks a complete plant for senior primary school work. If we could get the school built and put in some courses in industrial education that would supply a long felt want in the Yachow district, there is no doubt that we should soon have a full school. WThen it is remembered that the boarding school for boys offers the best oppor­ tunity for influencing the pupils religiously, it is at once evident how important this part of our work is. Chengtu is the youngest of our stations, and continues to grow slowly. Through the kindness of a friend we have been able to purchase a good site and fairly good buildings for a church and school. Some of the buildings are being remodelled for a boys’ boarding school. This will 1920] THE WEST CHINA MISSION 165 tfe opened after the Chinese New Year, and will have industrial courses in it. This will supply the missing link in onr Chengtu school system. W e now have junior primary schools, the boys’ boarding schools the union middle school, and the Union University. At the Chengtu Baptist College, the year has been marked with prog­ ress. The fine middle school dormitory given by a friend was opened last Easter, and in October we had the joy of dedicating the beautiful Van Deman Memorial Hall, where our university students are housed and where the Union Normal School does its teaching. These two buildings, together with five houses for our missionaries, and a spacious football field, make up a pleasant college campus. As to the work of teaching— its inspiration and its discouragements— perhaps this paragraph from Dr. W . R. Morse’s report will suffice to sum up the experience of the whole faculty: “The lecturing and laboratory work have been at the university while surgery, operative and clinical, and outpatient teaching have been at th.e Canadian Methodist Mission Men’s Hospital and the Woman’s and Children’s Hospital in the city. These hospitals are nearly three miles away and are attended three days a week. Because of dearth of teachers it has been necessary to teach subjects outside of one’s special work which has meant much extra study— reading and translation— it has been a trying and difficult situation and has tended to lessen inspiration and spontaniety in one's work. I have found teaching the most exciting, the most trying and least monotonous of any work ever attempted. The classroom is like an operating room and the same skill and judgment, the same fine distinctions and clearness of vision, the same precision and accuracy of method is as absolute in the one as in the other— the mis­ takes in either case leads to the shedding of life blood and death, or, the success leads to transfusion of the life saving fluid and life. As the days go by we are shown that our labors are not in vain. The medical school is unquestionably proving that our hopes and prayers for the evangelization of these people through the art of healing are amply justified and are being fulfilled.” There can be no question as to the strategic importance of the mission school as a field for evangelization. No other spot in China furnishes a greater opportunity to the Christian teacher and pastor. And, after all, it is its efficacy in bringing the soul into the presence of Christ where it can be led to recognize Him as its Saviour that is the real test of any form of mission work among a non-Christian people. Judged by this test, the mission school is second to none of the agencies used by the missionary in his propaganda. Below is a short table giving the results among our students. No high pressure methods have been used, but there has been one continued, persistent effort to bring the students into the light of the gospel of the Son of God. Pastors, doctors and teachers have all had their share in the work and all rejoice in the result. 166 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report!

Church Statistics for 1919 Present Place Added by Baptism Added from the Schools Total Chengtu ...... ; ____ 46 Boys 17; Girls 5 114 Ningyuan ...... 11 6 ; “ 5 112 Kiating ...... 35 Students 10 318 Suifu ...... 52 Boys 9 ; Girls 3 261 Yachow ...... 58 21; “ 10 425

202 86 1230

A careful study of these figures goes to prove that if the Church in \merica was fully alive to the unrivalled opportunity that now con­ fronts her in China, and would pour out her life in the persons of young men and women, consecrated to the winning of this Republic to Christ, there would be a great ingathering of souls among the students of China THE JAPAN MISSION Compiled by Rev. C. H. Ross. rT", H E work of foreign missions is a gigantic business enterprise kj- * volving not only immense funds and costly material equipment but also human lives. Because all of these human lives possess personalities and because we consider personality of more importance than material things, I shall first speak about the personnel of the mission.

THE MISSIONARY STAFF

There have been other years in the history of our mission when we were sorely pressed and compelled to hold the line with greatly depleted forces but there has never been a year that has so tested the mettle of the missionary force and so worn them down as the year 1919. Every man and woman on the field has had an unusually busy year with un­ usual responsibilities to carry. Our experiences in Japan have probably been the common experiences of all Christian workers throughout the world during these unusually trying times. Though the year has been a hard one, we rejoice in having had the honor of serving in a difficult place and to have had the privilege of working with you for the estab­ lishment of righteousness in one part of the large earth. But we most sincerely hope and earnestly pray that we may not be obliged to con­ tinue long as we are. Our line is too thin, our numbers too few and our shoulders too weak to stand the present strain. Our force is now shattered and bleeding and our veterans are getting weary unto death. Our two oldest men, Messrs. C. H. D. Fisher* and E. H. Jones, have been obliged to retire from active service before substitutes were provided to carry on their work. Our trio of strength— William Axling, C. B. Tenny and William Wynd— are all sick now' and complete­ ly tired out from carrying other work than their own. The two new families now in language school are not even sufficient to properly take care of the furloughs of the men of the Tokyo and Yokohama stations. Morioka, Mito, Himeji and Kyoto are still crying for men and no men in sight. Our policy seems to be to cut down our job to accommodate the number of men we have rather than to decide upon our job and then hire enough men to enable us to do the job. W e are in a dangerous situation and we simply must have more men or we will make a greater mistake than we made in the early days through failure to emphasize

*Since this was written Rev. C. H. D. Fisher passed away. 167 168 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

educational work. The imperative need is for men to take charge of sta­ tions. These men must be in addition to those necessary to man the institutions in Yokohama and Tokyo. Advance for the Japan work demands an addition to the present force, not a shifting of the present men from one place to another. W e are in just about as precarious a condition in regard to our Japa­ nese working force as we are in regard to our missionary force. We are woefully short in numbers. Forty per cent, of our once-occupied outstations are unmanned and the pastors and evangelists everywhere are overworked. Several of the churches are without pastors, and this is a calamity indeed, for it retards the development of the churches at a most critical time in their life. Some fields might be able to report an increase in the number of workers employed or a strengthening of work, but the chances are that they do so at the expense of some other field. There is little gained in a general way through closing work in one place in order to provide a worker for another place. Dr. Y. Chiba’s going to Tokyo to assume the presidency of the theological seminary strengthened our seminary but it left a mighty big hole in Himeji. Death, resignation and other circumstances have reduced our already inadequate force to a point where we are compelled to virtually close up whole sections of our territory. If this was to be but a temporary withdrawal looking forward to a day in the near future when we could more ade­ quately man our fields we would not be troubled as we are. The dis­ couraging feature is that there are no immediate prospects of a change. Young men are not offering themselves for Christian work in Japan today. For several years we have felt a falling off of interest among the young men connected with our congregations. This same condition might be said to exist in other parts of the world, but many of us believe that there is a special reason why this is true in Japan. The number of young men entering our schools to prepare for Christian service, has a vital relationship to the special effort put forth by Christian leaders, missionaries especially, through Bible classes and direct per­ sonal work, to win them for Christ and get them interested in doing Christian work. In past years practically all of our missionaries en­ gaged to some extent in special work for students and every year saw a goodly number of young men brought into our churches. The impor­ tance of the work for students done by missionaries cannot be over­ emphasized. Another thing that seems to be true is, that a large ma­ jority of our pastors and evangelists have come from the so-called country evangelistic fields. There was a time even since the writer came to Japan, when we Baptists had missionaries in Himeji, Kyoto, Mito. Sendai and Morioka, all busy with work for students along with their other more general evangelistic activities. An investigation of the list of workers of our mission will reveal the interesting fact that nearly all of them have come from these fields. Today practically all of this 1920] THE JAPAN MISSION 1 6 9 student work has been stopped. Just think of this for a few moments! No missionary families in four of these stations today. This is regret­ table and ought not to be for the business of recruiting for the ministry should be our chief aim. Our force of Japanese workers must be increased and in order to secure this increase missionaries are necessary.

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

Doubtless the Board at home has been equally concerned over the question of funds and equipment. W e have kept this matter pretty constantly before you all the time and you have had to consider it probably when you would have preferred considering something else. The year 1919 was certainly an unusual one when considered from the standpoint of expense. If advance could be determined by the num­ ber of dollars of increase we could certainly figure out a big advance. We have written enough to you, I feel sure, during the year in regard to the advance of prices and the increase in the cost of living. It has been decidedly discouraging to us to have had to postpone practically all of the building projects provided for in the budget for the year while we write you for additional funds. Prices of building materials and labor have gone up so much that it has made building almost pro­ hibitive. There has been an abnormal land boom all over Japan so that it has not been possible for us to secure even building lots for the few church buildings we had hoped to erect.

THE CHANGING SOCIAL ORDER IN JAPAN

These are changing times in Japan. There are movements of great significance taking place here some of which will have much to do with the development of our work in the future. Japan is struggling heroical­ ly with social problems that are shaking her to the very core. Japan’s debut into first-power society has necessitated great changes in the customs of the people. Democratic ideas have come in and spread like wildfire among the students. Conditions have changed and we already talk of the good old days when tilings were cheap and quaint and picturesque. It all means mis­ sion boards will have to send out more funds, pay higher salaries, and adjust their minds to a new Japan. The rise in the cost of living is a world fact but the permanent result will be felt far more in the Orient than in the Occident. If Japan is really bent on setting up Occidental standards, it means that we have all got to make some great readjust­ ments in our thinking and in our planning in order to fit into the new situations. The year 1919 lias ushered in changes that will effect the tinanccs of our mission and our Board permanently. ' 170 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

FINANCIAL PROGRESS The year 1919 has witnessed a general awakening of Japanese Bap­ tists. Laymen on every field have been found who have listened sympa­ thetically to the new needs and then set themselves heart and hand to the task of assistance. Pastors have gotten acquainted with their con­ gregations in a new way and a feeling of mutual church responsibility has been engendered. The hard times have drawn the people together and made them sympathetic and responsive. Perhaps this awakening has shown itself most distinctly along the line of financial advance. The past year has certainly been the best year financially the churches, have ever had. Pastors’ salaries have been greatly increased, sometimes doubled, and the small groups of believers have, almost without excep­ tion, made satisfactory increases in their offerings. Some churches have doubled their offerings and many have increased their amounts from twenty-five to fifty per cent. Perhaps this is the most encouraging sign we can see in our work today. From this time forth we can definitely expect the Japanese Christians to do more and more towards self- support. The last year was a very trying year for the churches that were working systematically towards self-support. The salaries of their pastors were increased so much that the churches were forced to prolong the years of struggle preliminary to their achievement of full self-support. But no murmurings of disapproval or discouragement have been heard. All seem to be more determined than ever to achieve the coveted goal and are bending forward with renewed effort to reach that goal in the quickest possible time. The great advance made by the little congrega­ tions is a remarkable thing and must not be overlooked. This gives us courage and fills us with hope as we face the future, for these are the very same bodies that will become the foundation stones of Baptist work.

THE BAPTIST FORWARD MOVEMENT The Forward Movement which Dr. William Axling has pushed so energetically lias done much to arouse the Japanese and unite them for more effective service. It has first acquainted the churches with the actual conditions and needs, then called them to their knees for a fuller consecration and finally united them in a more generous support of the work. The movement has been strictly a movement from the Japanese by the Japanese and has already accomplished considerable along the hne of creating a denominational consciousness. Our church membership is so widely scattered and there art so few opportunities of getting to­ gether, that the denomination as a whole has lacked in common interest and initiative. This Forward Movement has carried words of greeting and encouragement from all to all of our different fields and has started a fellowship or brotherhood feeling that is certain to grow stronger as the years go by. More than this, it has been an educational movement 1920] THE JAPAN M ISSiON 171 acquainting the different parts of the field with the purposes of the mission, explaining the methods of administering the funds, and em­ phasizing the responsibility the churches must undertake in order to make the work go forward. The response of the churches has been far more generous and cordial than even the most optimistic anticipated.

THE WORK OF THE JOINT COMMITTEE No report for the year 1919 would be complete without a reference to the valuable work done by the Japanese members of the Joint Committee led by the consecrated layman from Kobe, Mr. Tomoi. Mr. Tomoi has made a careful, scientific investigation of the cost of living in Japan and has presented his facts to the denomination in a very convincing man­ ner. In addition to this timely service, he has also thoroughly and sympathetically investigated the actual financial conditions of all of the native workers of the mission and proposed a systematic method of increasing the salaries. The work of this committee has resulted in strengthening the confidence of the churches in their leaders. As this committee gains in experience and as it gradually secures the fuller endorsement of the churches, its usefulness will increase rapidly. It is already the most important committee we have, excepting none, and has come to be the place where mission policies are thoroughly discussed and formed. The organization and development of this committee might be said to be almost providential as it came into existence at a very opportune time. Without it our mission could not have handled success­ fully the many critical problems that have confronted it during the last four years.

EDUCATIONAL PROGRESS The year 1919 was an unusually successful year for our mission in­ stitutions. Institutions demand certain kinds of consideration that the so-called general evangelistic work does not. W e feel more duty bound to support a work centering in an institution that has cost much money to build than a wrork that is scattered over a wide extent of territory with no particular head. It would seem that when “ retrenchment” has been deemed necessary, or when “intensive’’ policies have been declared inevitable by missions and boards, that the country work has generally had to suffer in order that the cit\r activities, which generally comprise institutions, might be property maintained. This is not only quite nat­ ural but also both necessary and right. Institutions must be manned and properly supported for reasons quite evident to all. Some have suffered much from lack of equipment and working force, but as a whole they have been manned and for that reason have had a successful year. The new Mabie Memorial School for Boys at Yokohama ;.s being built. This is the one great, unusual achievement of our mission during 1919 and the one thing over which we are all unanimously enthusiastic 172 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

and optimistic. This splendid school on a sightly spot in the center of one of Japan’s largest cities will raise the hope of Baptists more than anything else that could be done. It makes us all feel good to know that our great Baptist constituency is really doing something worthy of itself in Japan and by establishing an educational plant is finally going to retrieve the mistake of the early days. One section of the main building is nearing completion and the contract for the second section has been let. The school was opened in April of last year with a ca­ pacity first year class in the dormitory building, one section of which had been previouslj’ erected. This large school plant is going to be worth every cent we can put into it. The chief item of interest in connection with the Theological Sem­ inary during the year 1919 was the installation of Dr. Y . Chiba as president. There was great rejoicing on the part of the conference when Dr. Chiba's acceptance of the call was announced. The seminary began a new chapter in its history practically under Japanese manage­ ment. With Drs. Chiba and Kawaguchi in the lead, we feel stronger now in our theological work than we have felt for years. O f course, Dr. C. K. Harrington’s* inability to return is keenly felt and his place can never be filled, for such rare men as he are not duplicated on earth. Though we have not as many students as we could wish for, still we take courage in the fact that we have stiffened the foundations, raised the standards, revised the course of study and strengthened the faculty, preparatory to taking care of the larger number of students we hope to have enrolled in the future. Another work of which we are all justly proud and in the success of which we all rejoice is the W'aseda work. Though no cornerstones have yet been laid, still we rejoice in the prospects before Dr. H. B. Benninghoff of seeing within another year the new buildings for the enlargement of this unique work in the great university. The past year was an epoch making year for the work. The student brotherhood which has been steadily developing was organized into a church and became a real factor in the religious life of the university. A large number of young men from the dormitories were baptized and several more became earnest seekers. It is always encouraging to see definite results from our endeavors and the last year has proven beyond a doubt that this is a real soul saving enterprise.

THE TOKYO TABERNACLE

The Tokyo Tabernacle is steadily growing and is looked upon as hav­ ing the best equipment of its kind in all Japan. Situated right in the. heart of the great capital and in a student center, it is busy every hour of the day and far into the night serving the community. Dr. William

* Since this report was written Dr. C. K . Harrington also passed away. 1920] THE JAPAN MISSION 173

Axling has done real pioneer work along this line in Japan. His institution has come to be a real haven for the young men and women of that section of the crowded city where they can go and study and learn some of the things they cannot find time and opportunity to learn at home, and where they can find a sympathetic friend to listen to their needs and in wrhom they can confide. One of the encouraging events of the year was the coming of Mr. Fujii, a graduate of William Jewell College with an M. A. from Brown University, to work with Dr. Axling in the Tabernacle. He is a distinct addition to our work and makes us all feel stronger. He certainly has a great opportunity to use all he has learned during his stay abroad and we expect to hear fine things of him.

THE WORK OF THE GOSPEL SHIP

Rev. and Mrs. F. W . Steadman, who were literally drafted for the work of the Fukuin Maru, have had a good year so far as the results of their labor are concerned, but have had a mighty trying year themselves. They have heroically sacrificed themselves for the sake of the work and it can be truthfully said that they have verily poured out their life for the sake of the spread of the gospel. The shortage of workers has been keenly felt on this vast field and has made it impossible to carry on all of the work in a satisfactory way. Mr. Steadman reports that never in the history of the Gospel Ship have the meetings been better attended and the interest deeper. This is decidedly encouraging because it shows the spirit of the people and proves their loj^alty and encourages us to continue. The steady increase in the cost of supplies has made it a difficult year financially for the ship. The whole mission is anxiously waiting for the skipper missionary to come so that this unique enterprise may have the man it needs so badly and so that the Steadmans may be able to return to their own work where they can accomplish as much; without such great discomfort.

WORK FOR WOMEN AND CHILDREN

The four schools for girls maintained by the l!apiist women of America are second to none in Japan. They constitute a most influential con­ tribution of American Baptists to Christian work in Japan. Each of the four schools has its own field of influence where it operates and where its reputation stands high— indeed these schools have reputations that are nation-wide. Their graduates are respected for their Christian character as well as for their general culture and we find them the most influential women in their communities. Three of the four are provided with splendid buildings and all of them have strong faculties. Reports from ihese schools will show a steady, healthy growth for 1919. The number of students is yearly increasing indicating that the schools are growing more in popular favor. Their activities are not confined to the class­ 174 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

rooms. W e find that during the last year these four schools carried on over fifty Sunday schools with a total enrolment of about three thousand. The Osaka Bible Training School is also one of the “show” places of the mission and we all honor Miss Lavinia Mead and are enthusiastic supporters of her and her school. This school seems destined to develop into a sort of community institution. The last year saw great develop­ ments, and plans for the necessary additional equipment were made. The Tokyo Kindergarten Training School and its several connected kindergartens, the Kobe Zenrin Kindergarten conducted by Mrs. R. A. Thomson, the Morioka Kindergarten fostered by Mrs. Henry Topping, and several other scattered about over our big field deserve special mention. Baptists are leaders in kindergarten activities in Japan and our kindergartens are regarded as models in their respective districts. All of them are doing a telling work for Christ. W e are expecting great things from the great denominational forward movement that is getting under way at home. W e have been doing all that we could to prepare things at this end for the big advance we definite­ ly expect to make. Naturally we think largely in terms of reenforcements and new buildings but we are all fervently praying and quietly planning for other kinds of activity also. W e want to get the Japanese churches lined up ready for their share, and I believe that you will not be dis­ appointed. The Japanese are alive to the needs and the opportunities and will do their utmost THE CONGO MISSION Compiled by Catharine L. Mabie, M.D. N T H E Ladies’ Home Journal for October, 1919, there is a thrilling I picture o f a beautiful young collie who saved his regiment when it was cut off from its support. The urgent message he delivered to the general brought speedy relief to the regiment. “It happened in the Argonne.” Would that your hard pressed, isolated, pitifully small Congo contingent had so persuasive, so appealing a messenger to send to its supporting column! Perhaps then it might happen in the Congo. Year after year in conference minutes, in annual reports, in urgent letters the mission’s insistent call for reenforcements has gone home and has elicited little or no response. Until such reenforcements arrive and in very considerable numbers no advance movement is possible. Apparently our message fell on deaf ears,— or is it that the position isn’t worth support­ ing? W e have heard of no new appointees for Congo in 1919. W ill there be any for 1920? Early in the year Rev. and Mrs. W . H. Nugent our first new family since 1914 arrived to relieve the pressure a bit at Vanga, and in October Miss Minnie Grage a new appointee of the Woman’s Society joined the Vanga staff. Rev. Bernhard Aalbu, repre­ senting the Baptists of Norway, and Rev. and Mrs. Svard the Baptists of arrived during the year but although they are affiliated with our mission for reasons of convenience while seeking suitable fields for their respective missionary societies, they cannot be regarded in any sense as reenforcements for our mission. What about it? W e are forty all told. A fourth or more of us are usually on furlough or en route to and from America. Rev. Thomas Moody reports that in the Sona Bata field alone there are seven Jesuit mission stations and over seventy missionaries. Vanga is pressed and harried on every side by the Jesuits. While our boys have deferred entering missionary service un­ til they had done their bit in Belgium’s and the civilized world’s battle for right, Belgian priests have been pouring into the country month after month intent on hindering and if possible exterminating Protestant mis­ sionary work in the colony. Are you coming across to our relief? We who are on the field shall stand Ln our guns to a man, but the line is thinner than a j-ear ago. Rev. A. V. Marsh. I}r. Franklin P. Lynch, Miss Frances A. Cole, Rev. and Mrs. Henry Richards, Rev. and Mrs. P. A. McDiarmid and Rev. and Mrs. L. F. Wood have all left on fur­ lough and only Dr. and Mrs. J. C. King, Mrs. Joseph Clark and Rev. and Mrs. P. C. Metzger have returned. W e were expecting Rev. Charles H. Harvey back in May but his ship proved to be Heavenward bound. 1 7 5 176 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

How we miss his cheery enthusiasm, his uplifting prayers in our behalf his charming comradeship as we still “carry on” ! Yes, our line is thinning dangerously. Are you coming across to our relief? If not soon it may be too late. The year following the great war has been a difficult one for all of us but especially so for the native church which expected better times would immediately follow the cessation of hostilities, instead of which the steady depreciation in the purchasing power of their hard earned francs has put all imported necessities such as cloth, medicines, tools, etc.. almost beyond their reach. Native foodstuffs owing to lack of sufficient rain and to diminished importation of foodstuffs have greatly increased in price. Some teachers finding their small pay ever decreas­ ing in real value have been restless and dissatisfied and have sought more lucrative positions at centers like Matadi and . Restlessness and uncertainty have been abroad in the land distracting the minds of the people. During the early months of the year they were struggling under the deep depression wrought by the influenza. The latter half of the year smallpox and infantile paralysis have been epidemic in most of our districts. Pitiable indeed are the little Congo victims of infantile paraly­

sis. All these epidemics have interfered seriously A v i t h church attendance, schools and contributions. The story of the year while toned down by difficulties and discourage­ ments has not been without many evidences of the Lord’s favor. Vanga rejoices not only in its increased missionary staff but in an additional reservation of seventy acres for school gardens and plantations. Kimpese also has received assurances of a very considerable reserve for the in­ dustrial development of the school and hopes for a favorable issue to its claims to occupy land adjacent to its deeded site, which it has had under cultivation but which was occupied and claimed by an undesirable Belgian trader in the absence of missionary residents here during 1918. The faculty were greatly cheered and encouraged by the week's visit of the English Baptist Missionary Society’s deputation including Secre­ tary and Mrs. Wilson and are now impatiently awaiting a similar deputa­ tion from our own land. A new site more central and more easily ac­ cessible than Banza Manteke has been sought and recommended for the consolidated Palabala-Banza Manteke-Lukunga field central station at Songololo near the railway. Missionary builders are greatly needed at several stations. Mr. W . E. Rodgers has been busy at Ntondo. Mr. Bragg partially finished a two room brick house now occupied by Miss Grage and began work 0 11 the first permanent residence at Vanga but left us when the walls of the latter were but half way up. Dr. W . H. Leslie threw a grass roof over them for protection and there tliey stand awaiting a builder. At Sona Bata two small brick hospital wards, units in the larger hospital plan, have been built. At Kimpese a brick guest room has been added to Dr. 1920] THE CONGO MISSION 177

Mabie’s house. The few missionaries on the field are so overburdened with work that it is impossible for them to build houses, hospitals, churches and school houses greatly as these buildings are needed.

MUKIMVIKA

Rev. and Mrs. A. L. Bain have been alone at this our most lonely and isolated station since Dr. Franklin P. Lynch’s departure in the spring, save when Rev. S. E. Moon made a brief visit to the station in July and assisted Mr. Bain in the organization of a church of twenty-two members to which were added three men and four women in December by baptism. Famine conditions due to inadequate rainfall have pre­ vailed for two years but are happily drawing to a close with the copious rains of this season. Famine and influenza and infantile paralysis have seriously interfered with plans for the development of the work. Teach­ ers sent to distant towns had to leave their posts for want of food. Depressed by hunger and fear of disease carriers sufficient for itinera­ tion could not be found. The new motor boat ought to help solve some of the difficulties of getting about in that field. Throughout the entire year a boarding school averaging about fifteen pupils has been conducted by Mrs. Bain. About thirty day pupils are also enrolled. Mrs. Bain has continued her motherly work among the women and girls. Mr. Bain reports two classes for preachers and teachers as having done good work. W e are much encouraged over the report from Mukimvika.

MATADI

The work at Matadi has been under the care of Dr. A. Sims. Despite frequent illness he has stuck to his post throughout the year. W e need a man and wife to be associated with Dr. Sims at Matadi and to provide for the continuance of his work when he takes his next, already overdue, furlough. W e are all honored in the signal recognition of dis­ tinguished service which King Albert of Belgium has recently given Dr. Sims in making him a Chevalier d’Orders de Lion.

BANZA MANTEKE

Late in 1918 Rev. and Mrs. J. E. Geil returned to Banza Manteke where they had spent their first term of service. A few months later Dr. and Mrs. J. C. King returned from furlough and made it possible for Miss Frances A. Cole and Rev. and Mrs. Henry Richards to go to the United States on long overdue furlough*. So the entire personnel of the station has changed within the year. Influenza and lack of food and a revision of the church roll all contributed in the reported slight decrease in church membership. There has been an increase in native contributions. The station services and schools have been maintained throughout the year as usual. The preparatory schooi has been in session since the first 178 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

of October with twelve men enrolled, three being from the Palabala district. Gardening and carpentry are included in the course of study. Two Sundays a month the men go out by twos to conduct services in the district and in groups of two they are assigned to the station school for practical training in teaching. Plans are in hand for opening the long deferred boarding school soon. Some progress has been made in consolidating the Palabala, Banza Manteke and Lukunga fields. The entire work of the Palabala field is now being carried on from Banza Manteke and arrangements are being made for the supervision of the Lukunga field when Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Hill go on furlough early next year. With the departure of Mr. Hill the care for the Lukunga churches will be thrown upon Mr. Geil who already is carrying far too much for any one man. Beside all his other work he is editing “The Congo News Letter,” also a quarterly paper in the native language for distribution through the entire consolidated district. Dr. J. C. King reports that there has not been much out of the usual line of medical mission work since his return. He has been encouraged at the willingness of some of hi? infectious cases to submit to isolation, as it marks progress. He has built a temporary operating room and laboratory adjacent to the little old “tin hospital” while awaiting the promised builder who will erect the new hospital probably on the proposed new site at Songololo.

LUKUNGA Mr. Hill reports much interruption in the usual work through sick­ ness and a very heavy death rate throughout the district. Thirty-six have been added to the church by baptism and others are under instruc­ tion. The boarding school has been conducted by Mrs. Hill throughout the year. The number enrolled has been limited by the scarcity of food and high market prices. A large number of patients have sought relief from physical ailments, with 7,636 treatments recorded and twenty patients having received hospital care.

KIMPESE

The Congo Evangelical Training Institution reopened its doors the first of January after a year’s enforced closure because of lack of faculty owing to sickness and the war. The regular courses of Bible study, garden and shop work and practice teaching were resumed as nearly as possible where they were broken off when the school abruptly closed in December 1917. Classes for the women and the practice schools were resumed. Nine men finished their course in June and went out to their future work. The first of October we began another school year. There are twenty men enrolled and all have their wives here in school. More 1920] THE CONGO MISSION 179 gardening is being done by the students this year several having come several weeks before the fall term opened to prepare their plots. The last of October the trustees of the institution met here in con­ nection with the visit of the English Baptist deputation and matters of great importance were discussed as industrial training and the urgency of building the permanent class rooms so greatly needed. Mr. Wilson, Secretary of the Baptist Missionary Society, proposed the preparation of school material and text-books in the fiimpese dialect, that is to say in the simplest most easily understood words used by the natives as they associate here from all districts in the lower Congo, and that they be printed in parallel columns in Kikongo, French and English. His pro­ posal was most warmly received. Another proposition which met with favorable response was the proposition to hold a vacation school or in­ stitute here during the vacation period at which old students and other Christian workers could receive instruction and gain inspiration through fellowship with one another. How splendid it would be should Kimpese become a little Northfield!

SONA BATA The school and general work in the large Sona Bata field has also been seriously interfered with by pestilence and hunger. Mrs. P. Fred- erickson has been tireless in her ministry of mercy among the sick who flock to her from all the region round about. One hundred and sixteen baptisms are reported for the year and about three thousand francs were contributed by the native church, which enrols 1,434 members. In September at the time of the thanksgiving meetings the beautiful brick church was dedicated. Rev. Thomas Moody reports a busy year of “preaching, teaching, look­ ing after men and boys, brick making, building, repairing, etc.” He has been out on several itinerations in the nearer towns and has made two extended trips, one of two months’ duration on which he was accom­ panied by Mrs. Moody, into the more distant reaches of the field. He ■describes an interesting three days association at Kinsanga where the people built a tabernacle seating three hundred for the meetings. Twenty men have been enrolled in the preparatory school to which Rev. P. A. McDiarmid devoted much time until his departure on fur­ lough early in October. Mr. McDiarmid also did itinerating during the dry season. Mrs. Moody has been busy in the boarding school and with the care of the girls. The care of the churches at Leopoldville and oversight of mission property have been undertaken by Mr. Fred- erickson in addition to his many station and field responsibilities.

TSHUMBIRI

Rev. L. F. W ood reports that the previous year had been the best in Tshumbiri’s history in extent of outstation work, baptisms and native 180 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

contributions. Further advance is noted in outstation work this year. But the number baptized and contributions are about the same as he was hindered by sickness from visiting some of the outposts to receive and baptize new believers and stimulate giving. He gives another reason for lack of increase in giving. “W e had a large balance in the treasury at the beginning of the year and could not apply the stimulus of neces­ sity for increased gifts.” Tshumbiri supports all its evangelistic and church work from native contributions. Towns formerly hostile are begging for teachers. The work at Tshumbiri seems in a very satis­ factory condition. Rev. P. C. Metzger writes of the joyous welcome given them upon their return to Tshumbiri late in September and of the heavy responsibility much too heavy for one man, which Mr. W ood’s departure on furlough places upon his shoulders. Rev. Bernhard Aalbu has been residing at Tshumbiri since March. His zeal for presenting the gospel to river captains and other passing white men is commended.

VANGA There has been progress in every department of the work at Vanga our newest station. The arrival of Rev. and Mrs. W . H. Nugent in March and of Miss Minnie E. Grage in October brought much satis­ faction and needed relief to Dr. and Mrs. W . H. Leslie. Trained native assistants are greatly needed. Ten new outposts have been opened. Schools are conducted in twenty-five villages with an enrolment of 1025. Adults are becoming inquirers and some have confessed faith in Christ The Jesuit opposition has been very trying. The boarding school with over 200 boys and girls has been in session ten months out of the twelve, and during the two months’ holiday another group of children, seeking protection from Jesuit interference in their towns, were on the station and in school several hours a day. An extra concession of seventy acres has been secured for agricultural purposes. The great need is for permanent buildings Suitable for residence and school work, as the temporary mud houses put up six and seven years ago arc crumbling and no longer safe. The printing press is beginning to turn out school material and songs. Dr. W . H. Leslie has done an immense amount of medical work during the year. Sleeping sickness has continued to ravage the entire area but is being checked in villages near the station w'hose inhabitants have re­ ceived hundreds of treatments. "‘About 350 have been cared for in the shacks we call our hospital, and thousands in the dispensary."

NTONDO (IKOKO) Progress in the various missionary activities has marked the year’s work on the Ntondo field. Rev. Joseph Clark who has had charge of tlie church affairs, reports that the church membership is 555, one hun­ dred and twelve having been baptized during the year. Mr. Clark has 1920] THE CONGO MISSION 181 also done considerable valuable literary work, including the completion of the Eng.-Lontomba vocabulary. He is now engaged upon a revision of Luke’s Gospel, and a first translation of Acts. Gratifying progress has been made in the outpost work, of which Dr. H. Ostrom has had charge in addition to his medical and other duties. Undaunted by the difficulties in securing workmen and necessary ma­ terial, Rev. W . E. Rodgers has proceeded with the buildings which were to be added to the new station. "I am a firm believer in Industrial Mis­ sions,” writes Mr. Rodgers, “and my opportunity of associating very inti­ mately with nearly a hundred men every day for a year has brought me a great privilege of impressing them with the dignity of Christ service in industry, and the value of discipline in word, thought and action.” Mrs. Rodgers who has been in charge of the school at Ntondo during the past year, writes encouragingly of this work which, in spite of a lack of efficient teachers and educational books, has shown encouraging results. A special session for children up to ten years of age has been held every morning except Saturday. The attendance at the afternoon session has averaged about eighty-eight, the majority of the students being station workmen and boarding school girls. THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS MISSION Compiled by Rev. A. E. Bigelow.

I. B A C O L O D 1. Evangelistic Work H E year has been full of unusual experiences. At our annual con­ Tvention in May 123 candidates were found to be waiting baptism in the northern district and we looked forward to a record year but famine conditions and then smallpox and cholera have dashed our hopes to the ground. About 240 have been baptized where we had reasons to expect many more. Workers have been scarce and the senior pastor has been seriously ill. Splendid openings are reported and with competent preach­ ers and workers a great harvest is sure to be reaped.

2. The Boys’ Dormitory This work has been greatly blessed. The assistant manager is an earnest Christian. As a Sunday school teacher and superintendent he ha.v been very successful, several of his class having become Christians through his efforts. He has also been elected president of the Christian Ewdeavor Union of the Visayan Islands. The dormitory has been full during the year and the work has been very promising from all points of view. The new building to be erected in the near future is the only thing needed to make the work a crowning success.

3. The Private Schools These schools besides supplying an education to many who otherwise would not get it continue to be splendid vantage grounds from which missionaries reach some who would not be touched in any other way. Their teachers do Sunday school work and young people’s society work regularly and some do regular preaching. There are over 120 boys from this province in Silliman Institute. Our greatest drawback just now is suitable buildings but we hope that this may soon be met for the school building always serves as a church auditorium on Sunday. These schools with their work for young people are going to be big factors in helping us find our future leaders.

4. The Girls’ Dormitory This has been our record year in attendance, thirty in all during the entire year. These girls attend regularly all the services of the church 182 1920] THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS MISSION 183

and two have been baptized. Others have accepted Christ but do not yet have the consent of their parents to follow Him in baptism. All seem to be deeply interested in spiritual things. The follow-up work is the most difficult. Those who later attend our own schools are safe, as are those who are now studying in the hospitals in Manila. Some of the others are forced to attend Catholic institutions and so our influence is somewhat lessened.

5. Kindergartens Kindergartens arc conducted in Bacolod and Cadiz under the care of Mrs. W . O. Valentine and at Silay and Granada are under the care of Miss Sarah Whelpton. All are doing nicely and proving a great blessing to the children and their parents. There is a far greater demand for trained teachers than can be supplied.

6. The Dispensary A constant interest is maintained although no doctor can make regular visits. How much a doctor is needed! Miss Whelpton has had charge of the dispensary. A larger and better equipped building is needed ant; also a hospital, if the proper help can be supplied.

II. CAPIZ, PANAY

1. Evangelistic Work The spiritual growth of the thurches during the past year has furnished constant joy. Most of their leaders are men of one book only but they know this well, as their questions often show. Progress has been made in self-support, as three of the churches have tried to carry half salary. Calls have come from four churches for pastors, two of which are ready to give half support. At the last association the funds ran short and the entertaining church made up the deficit of thirty dollars. The Capiz church, in a few months, raised over two hundred and eighty dollars to repair their building. The Bible women, as well as the other workers, have done faithful service and the forty-two baptisms reported are largely due to their efforts.

2. The Boys’ Dormitory The Boys’ Dormitory owing to a number of causes, has not been as successful as we had hoped. The coming of Dr. and Mrs. F. W . Meyer will make a great change, for they seem adapted to just this type of work. Rev. W . B. Charles, who at present is struggling with the language, and who is also associated with me in the eA'angelistic work, will be another big asset and the new term should show some splen­ did advances. i84 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

3. Emmanuel Hospital The arrival of Dr. and Mrs. F. W . Meyer has been hailed by the town as the one event of the year. In a few months the new nurse will be here and by that time the doctor will have made the building ready and then the steady service will begin. Already he has had numerous cases. The good will of the entire community is on the side of the mission and the newr year is all ours.

4. The Home School W e have had forty boys and thirty-two girls distributed over the first six grades. The instruction has been given by three Filipino teachers and the missionary ladies of the station. Miss Cora W . Sydney having lately come from the States. Six of the children pay all their expenses while thirty others pay varying portions. Seven of last year’s boys went to the Jaro Industrial School where six are making a good record. Seven have been baptized during the year. Tw o of the Fili­ pino teachers have conducted a Sunday school in a nearby village. The outlook is fine for the new year.

III. ILOILO, PANAY

1. Evangelistic Work The work in Iloilo Province has suffered considerably from a lack of supervision during the missionary’s furlough. It has held its own in losses and gains of members, and in one. section has actually advanced in a noteworthy manner. A new church has been organized and many people are ready for baptism. One very prominent man, who had formerly been a most ardent persecutor, now has become a lay preacher. A half dozen well-trained workers is the great need. Several sections want them and are ready to help support them. One church is en­ tirely self-supporting, and so popular is their pastor in the district that he has been elected representative to the local council, receiving more votes than any other elected at the same time in any of the districts. Several Sunday schools for English speaking students will be opened in the next few weeks and during the school holidays as many groups of workers as can be obtained will be put into the field.

2. Private Schools One school was discontinued last year because the government was able to establish one of its own. The other five are still proving good. The greatest trouble is to find competent teachers who can teach the Bible as well as the required school subjects. One new school will likely be opened this next term and with the others reenforced, a fine work is sure to follow from intensive development of these live centers. 1920] THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS MISSION 185

3. The Mission Hospital The hospital in charge of Dr. R. C. Thomas reports a progressive year. Financially the outcome is ahead of last year, which was the banner year. The new laundry, built during the year is a distinct asset. The training school for nurses under Miss Rose E. Nicolet and Miss Leeson, with several outside helpers, has made good progress, and every nurse is a professed believer in Christ. A few are still hindered from taking the final step by non-conforming parents. The work of the nurses in the wards is noteworthy and many patients have cause to thank God for their spiritual ministrations.

4. District Dispensary Work The departure of Dr. Carson, an American doctor in Iloilo, has made it impossible for Dr. Thomas to do any work in Negros as he could not leave the hospital over night. However regular dispensary service has been carried on at Santa Barbara where two Bible women from the training school help out in the spiritual ministrations with good results. The work at Passi, Duenas, Pototan and Lucena is kept up also under the visits of a resident nurse of Pototan. The result of these activities will soon be seen in Sunday schools established at these places. The students’ dispensary at Dunwoody dormitory is by far the most inter­ esting and promises more hope for the future. Here a very commodious building was erected and a special nurse attends every day.

5. Dunwoody Dormitory This work with the Iloilo high school students has been most satisfying. Union meetings of the several C. E. societies of the districts have been held here and many young people have been led to confess Christ. At the meeting held before Christmas over three hundred were present, sixty arose to express special interest and forty asked for church member­ ship. With the completion of the new normal school the present enrol­ ment of fourteen hundred high school students will be greatly increased. This will open an almost unlimited field of endeavor.

6. The Jaro Industrial School This last year has seen another milestone passed in the addition of the third year work and the coming of the first of the new recruits in the persons of Mr. and Mrs. H. F. Stuart. There have been approximately one hundred and fifty students in attendance during the year. A good crop of rice on the farm, better prices for other foodstuffs, with another small dormitory will make it possible for us to take at least one hun­ dred and sixty-five for the coming year. A new three story dormitory is planned, and we hope for its realization within another year, soon to be followed by a recitation building and a number of other smaller 186 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

necessary buildings. A fine, start on our permanent library and the physics equipment are on the way, and the new year looms up with great possibilities. Special note should be made of the work in music by our boys and also in athletics, everything in military drill and volley ball being won by them. The religious activities, Sunday school, C. E. and church work have been faithfully carried on under the able leadership of two or our teachers, Mr. Jesus Dineros and Mr. Dbmingo Cordova. Three village schools are conducted by the boys and regular Sunday schools at these places and three others. One of the latter is entirely conducted by a young third year boy who has his heart set on the ministry and since attending the student conference in Baguio during the Christ­ mas holidays can hardly wait till he is out of school to take up the work. This conference helped another to decide for the ministry also, besides greatly affecting the lives of the other two who attended. A number of gospel work bands will go out into the district this coming vacation for Sunday school, preaching and Bible distribution.

7. The Woman’s Bible Training School The enrolment for the last year has been sixty-eight. O f the seventy- two additions to the Jaro church, twenty were from the training school. Besides taking an active part in all of the Jaro church services these girls, walking from one to four miles a Sunday, conduct twenty Sunday schools which have an enrolment of over seventeen hundred. During the last year thirty of these young women have been at work on the field, sixteen of which have been in the Iloilo district alone. More calls come than can be supplied just as there are now more applications for entrance to the school than can be taken at the opening of the coming school year. There never seemed to be such a hunger for the knowledge that this school can give. The girls on the field, whether Bible women, kinder- gartners, school teachers, or wives, are all doing splendid service and raising a high standard.

8. Kindergarten Training School While Miss Selma Lagergren was on furlough the kindergarten train­ ing school was entirety in the hands of some of her pupils and they maintained the work nobly. Upon her return she was able to get matters in hand and now has living with her five girls, two of whom are tak­ ing special kindergarten work and the other three are going to the government high school. Besides this there is a large class that comes over from the Bible training school nearby. The work is carried on by the aid of three special teachers and there are about forty-five pupils, including the first year students. Many calls come for trained workers, more than can possibly be supplied with the present equipment. A co­ worker is greatly needed so that these activities may be made con­ tinuous and also that the country schools may be visited during vacation. FINANCIAL

CERTIFICATE OF AUDITORS

To th e B oard of M anagers of th e A m erican B aptist F oreign M ission Society,

N e w Y o r k , N . Y .

Gentlemen: We have audited the books and accounts of the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society for the period from April 1, 1919 to April 30, 1920, and hereby certify that the accompanying Balance Sheet and Income and Expendi­ ture Account are correct, and in accordance with the books. All cash recorded as received was duly deposited in bank, the cash disbursements were properly supported by vouchers, and the cash balances as at April 30, 1920, were duly verified. The securities were examined and found to agree with the invest­ ment records.

(Signed) M a r w ic k , M itch ell & Co m p a n y .

189 190 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

REPORT OF THE TREASURER For the 13 Months’ Period from April 1, 1919 to April 30, 1920

SCHEDULE I SUMMARY OF THE REVENUE ACCOUNT April 1, 1919 to April 30, 1920 INCOME Sources outside Donations: Tncome from Investments of Permanent and Temporary Funds ...... $50,962.35 Income from Specified Investments of Permanent Funds ...... 59,619.09 Income from Specified Investments of Tem­ porary Funds ...... 816.72 Income from Investments of Special Funds 240.06 Income from General Funds Investment 17,492.So Special Credits to Income ...... 56.25 $129,187.35 Less special charges against in co m e ...... 5'55.85 ------$128,631.50 Annuity Agreements ...... 20,000.00 Legacies (Transferred from Legacy Re­ serve to Regular Budget) ...... 110,000.00 Transferred from Temporary Funds ...... 11,347.38 Balance from Yiciory Campaign ...... 16,843.87 Rent of Homes, Receipts from Field, etc. 2,253.13 Miscellaneous ...... 63.16 •------$289,139.04 Regular Donations: From Individuals ...... $190,147.87 From churches, young people’s societies and Sunday schools ...... $405,435.32 Less donation division, United Apportion­ ment Plan ...... 74,445.15 ------330,990.17 Undesignated items received through the Board of Promotion ...... 286,139.68 ------807,277.72 Total Income—Regular Budget ...... $1,096,416.76 Specific Donations, 1919-1920 (Contra) ...... $439,236.97 Specific Donations. Six Million Campaign (Contra) ...... 148,648.10 ■------587,885.07 Total Income— Regular and Specific Budgets ...... $1,684,301.83 Deficit for the 13 months ended April 30, 1920 ...... 808,023.23 $2,492,325.06-

m c u in c ; National Committee Northern Baptist Laymen Six Million Campaign $463,162.08

Dcficit for the year ended March 31, 1919 ...... $446,318.21 Transferred to 1919 and 1920 Revenue ...... 16,843.87 $463,162.08 1920J GENERAL REVIEW OF .THE ,VEAK 191

SCHEDULE I

i SUMMARY OF REVENUE ACCOUNT

April 1, 1919 to April 30, 1920

OUTGO Foreign Field Appropriations: Field salaries of missionaries ...... $322,664.19 Salaries of missionaries 011 furlough ...... 144,(545.74 Passage of missionaries to and from field ...... 75,128.85 Work of missionaries and native agencies ...... 350,308.76 Care of property— rent, repairs, etc...... 35,828.66 Work and workers in Europe ...... 41,524.39 Reconstruction work in Europe ...... 110,753.61 Retired missionaries and widows ...... 33,471.24 New appointees ...... 75,231.20 Education of Oriental Students in America ...... 9,500.00 Homes for missionaries and missionaries' children . . . . 21,995.86 New buildings, additions of land, etc...... 225,394.07 Foreign Missions Conference ...... 2,000.00 Missions and literature sent to missionaries ...... 718.41 Secretary’ s visit to foreign field ...... 1,045.93 Exchange ...... 250,016.00

$1,700,226.91 Less cancellations in Previous Budgets ...... 1,066.58

$1,699,160.33 Speeific Gifts in America (Contra) : For property ...... $511,180.83 For general work ...... 30,865.68 For war emergencies ...... 45,858.56 ------$587,905.07 Home Expenditures: Foreign Department Administration ...... $46,945.52 Home Department: Administration ...... $25,717.5# Promotion of Interest and Beneficence ...... 63,913.25 ------89,630.75 Treasury Department Administration...... 38,140.02 Expenses of Secretary and Treasurer at General Conference of Free Baptists 165.36 Interest ...... 13,778.01 Retired officers and workers ...... 2,600.00 Moving expenses to New York ...... 14,000.00 ------$205,259.66 • $2,492,325.06 192 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

SCHEDULE II

BALANCE SHEET, AS AT APRIL 30, 1920

ASSETS

General Investments of Permanent and Temporary Funds ...... $1,025,100.41 Specified Investments of Permanent Funds ...... 1,598,262.01 Specified Investments of Temporary Funds ...... 2,104,081.49 Investments of Special Funds ...... 59,030.19 Miscellaneous Investments ...... 180.87 Cash—Uninvested Funds ...... 192.02 $4,786,846.99 General Investments of Annuity Funds ...... $1,626,495.42 Special Investments of Trust Agreements ...... 76,779.77 Miscellaneous Investments ...... 317.77 Cash—Uninvested Funds ...... 29,052.10 1,732,645.06

$6,519,492.05 Advances on Account of Prospective Funds, Legacies and Real Estate ...... $17,174.77 Advances to Homes for Missionaries and Missionaries’ Children ...... 2,499.84 19,674.61 Mission Treasurers’ Debit Balances (including Home Treasurer's Sight Drafts, contra $431,000) ...... 2,521,797.71 Notes Receivable ...... 1,450.00 Accounts Receivable: Donations in Transit ...... $203,336.00 Board of Promotion ...... 183,033.20 Woman’s American Baptist Foreign Mission Society 390,723.17 Missionaries Personal Accounts ...... 93,184.50 Sundry Accounts Receivable ...... 6,820.46 Unadjusted Debit Balances ...... 3,143.61 880,240.94 Cash ...... 104,971.49 Deferred Charges: Fifth Ave. & 30th St. Corp. (Rent Advance) ...... $25,000.00 Moving Expense to New York ...... 398.15 25,398.15 General Funds Investments ...... $251,606.10 Less Reserve for Gain and Loss ...... 751.92 250,-854.18 Deficit— Schedule I 808,023.23

Total Assets $11,131,902.36 1§20] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 193

SCHEDULE II

BALANCE SHEET, AS AT APRIL 30, 1920

LIABILITIES

Permanent Funds in General Investments ...... $950,564.93 Temporary Funds in General Investments ...... 26,303.12 Special Permanent and Temporary Funds ...... 59,343.06 Permanent Funds with Specified Investments ...... 1,513,762.01 Temporary Funds with Specified Investments ...... 2,001,955.49 Reserve for Gain and Loss on Investments ...... 234,918.38 $4,786,846.99

Reserve for General Annuity Agreements ...... 1,635,016.06 Reserve for Special Trust Agreements ...... 76,779.77 Reserve for Gain and Loss on Annuity Investments . 17,777.00 Annuity Payments Uncalled for ...... 3,072.23 1,732,645.06

$6,519,492.05 Gifts and Other Funds Held for Special Purposes or for Future Use ...... 20,499.49 Suspense Account— Mission Treasurers ...... 3,401.44 Drafts and Notes Payable: Home Treasurers’ Sight Drafts Contra ...... 431,000.00 Notes ...... 530,000.00 961,000.00

Accounts Payable: Missionaries’ Personal Balances ...... $40,268.23 Mission Treasurers’ Deposit Liability ...... 34,658.82 Unadjusted Credit Balances ...... 1,536.33 76,463.38

Reserve for the Purchase and Construction of Missions’ Real Estate ...... $16,851.69 Reserve for the Equalization of Income from Legacies 251,760.97 Reserve for the Equalization of Income from Matured Annuities ...... 29,447.86 298,860.52

Unexpended Appropriations 3,252,985.48

Total Liabilities $11,131,902.36 194 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [R e p o rt

SCHEDULE III

Foreign Field Appropriations

THE BURMA MISSION 1 Rangoon ...... $108,080.78 2 Insein ...... 24,487.58 3 Moulmein ...... 33,287.38 4 Tavov ...... 5,269.13 5 Iiassein ...... 11,676.95 6 Henzada ...... 8,392.76 7 Toungoo ...... "... 17,163.95 8 Shwegyin ...... 5,827.32 9* Prome ...... 2.608.33 10 Thonze ...... 5,244.86 11 Zigon ...... 1.835.05 12 Bhamo ...... 8,274.93 13 Maubin ...... 5,073.73 14 Thatone ...... 15 Mandalay ...... 17.926.64 (Maymyo) ...... 2,724.16 16 Thayetmyo ...... 2,129.50 17 Myingyan ...... 2,929.48 1« Pegu ...... 13,331.14 19 Sagaing'...... 4,125.83 20 Sandoway ...... 4,112.21 21 Tharrawaddy ...... 2,198.01 22 Meiktila ...... 7,982.60 23 Hsipaw ...... 520.00 24 Mongnai ...... 5,601.03 25 Namkham : ...... 4,718.15 26 Myitkyina ...... 1,666.66 27 Haka ...... 3,497.00 28 Loikaw ...... 1,723.87 29 Kengtung ...... 19,300.60 30 Pyinmana ...... 5,942.85 31 Taunggyi ...... 4,209.99 32 Pyapon ...... 3,373.00 Undesignated ...... 2,953.14 Exchange ...... 46,079.00 Gross Appropriations ...... 105,634.69 Total appropriations for Burma ...... $499,902.30

THE ASSAM MISSION 33 Sibsagor ...... $3,169.75 34 Nowgong ...... 20,731.90 .35 Gauhati ...... 18,215.00 36 Goalpara ...... 37 Tura ...... 14,615.99 ,38 Impur ...... 10,859.85 39 Kohima ...... 3,994.16 40 North Lakhimpur ...... 1,700.86 41 Ukhrul ...... Manipur ...... 247.72 42 Tika ...... 8,674.21 43 Golaghat ...... 9,-146.43 44 Jorhat ...... 38,271.02 45 Sadiya ...... 2,253.09 Undesignated ...... 5,827.48 Exchange ...... 17,542.00 Gross Appropriations ...... 28,527.67 Total appropriations for Assam ...... $184,077.93

SOUTH INDIA MISSION 46 Nellore ...... $25,169.60 47 Ongole ...... 29,318.08 1920j GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 195

48 Ramapatnam ...... 5,459.78 49 Allur ...... 4,595.79 50 Secunderabad ...... 3,059.03 51 Kumool ...... 6,841.73 52 Madras ...... 90,686.78 53 Hanumakonda ...... 4,510.18 54 Cumbum ...... 2,479.16 55 Viuukonda ...... 3,673.00 56 Narsaravupet ...... 3,802.99 57 Bapatla ...... 2,316.66 58 Udayagiri . . . . ' ...... 1,704.00 59 Palmur ...... 3,108.32 60 Nalgonda ...... 3,991.30 61 Kanagiri ...... 3,102.83 62 Kavali ...... 5,932.71 63 Kandukuru ...... 64 Atmakur ...... 1,811.45 65 Podili ...... 4,823.19 66 Sattenapalle ...... 1,655.58 67 Markapur ...... 1,848.57 68 Gurzalla ...... 69 Sooriapett ...... 1,900.15 70 Jangaon ...... 1,680.00 71 Donakonda ...... 3,224.50 72 Gadval ...... 1,949.79 73 Nandyal ...... 5,560.21 74 Madira ...... 3,605.21 lTndesignated ...... 1,977.08 Exchange ...... 44,725.07 Gross Appropriations ...... 95,816.48 Total appropriations for South India ...... $370,329.22

THE BENGAL-ORISSA MISSION 76 Balasore ...... $24,034.28 77 Midnapore ...... 7,292.35 78 Sar.tiporc ...... 1,667.91 79 Bhimpore ...... 9,980.24 80 Kharagpur ...... 11,295.16 81 Contai ...... 3,040.76 82 Jellasore ...... 704.16 83 Jamshedpur ...... 12,064.00 Undesignated ...... 2,266.66 Exchange ...... 10,147.00 Gross Appropriations ...... 27,368.49 Total appropriations for Bengal-Orissa ...... $109,861.01

THE CHINA MISSIONS South China 84 Swatow ...... $47,834.97 85 Kaying ...... 24,307.97 86 Ungkung ...... 6,864.08 87 (Shoachowfu ...... 2,498.66 88 Kityang ...... 4,851.60 89 Chaoyang ...... 7,044.81 90 Hopo ...... 13,824.58 91 C anton...... 92 Changning ...... 11,154.98 Undesignated ...... 6,561.86 Exchange ...... - ...... 40,232.00 Gross Appropriations ...... 36,432.21 Total appropriations for .South China ...... $201,607.72

East China 93 Ningpo .. $43,820.24 94 Shaohsing 36,256.93 95 Kinwha .. 6,911.74 196 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN' MISSION SOCIETY [Report

96 Huchow ...... 36,179.58 97 Hangchow ...... 8,666.97 98 Shanghai ...... ‘ 165,835.57 99 Nanking ...... 4,087.57 Undesignated ...... 17,784.68 Exchange ...... 100,440.86 Gross Appropriations ...... 34,430.25 Total appropriations for East China ...... $454,414.39

West China 101 Suifu ...... $63,041.84 102 Kiatingfu ...... 9,361.78 103 Yachowfu ...... 51,996.18 104 Ningyuenfu ...... 8,540.12 105 Chengtu ...... 51,619.81 Undesignated ...... 42,223.00 Exchange ...... 32,143.00 Total appropriations for West China ...... $258,925.73 Total appropriation for China ...... $914,947.84

THE JAPAN MISSION 106 Yokohama ...... $90,607.70 107 Tokyo ...... 97,322.02 108 Kobe ...... 40,101.54 109 Sendai ...... 10,412.40 110 Morioka ...... 7,780.37 111 Mito ...... 3,252.49 112 Osaka ...... 24,236.59 113 Inland Rea ...... 4,460.80 114 Himeji ...... 19,018.36 115 Kyoto ...... 195.00 Undesignated ...... 3,326.63 Exchange ...... 6,895.07 Gross Appropriations ...... 58,270.00 Total appropriations for Japan ...... $365,878.97

THE CONGO MISSION 116 Palabala ...... $760.83 117 Banza Manteke ...... ■...... 8,695.33 118 Matadi ...... 6,675.00 119 Lukunga ...... 2,831.25 120 Mukimvika ...... 5,082.49 121 Tshumbiri ...... 7,288.08 122 Sona Bata ...... 11,882.70 123 Ntondo ...... 10,294.45 124 Vanga ...... 9,884.98 125 Kimpese ...... 5,135.63 Undesignated ...... 7,172.23 Total appropriations for Congo ...... $75,702.97

THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS MISSION 126 Iloilo ...... $55,747.13 127 Bacolod ...... 21,897.49 128 Capiz ...... 16,966.24 Undesignated ...... 1,564.57 Total appropriations for the Philippine Isla n d s...... $96,175.43

THE EUROPEAN MISSIONS. France ...... $33,539.75 Germany ...... 216.66 Sweden ...... 1,300.00 Spain ...... 1,309.00 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 1 9 7

D e n m a r k ...... 959.00 Norway ...... 3,405.00 Finland ...... 1,394.00 Reconstruction Work in E u rop e ...... 151,420.00 Total appropriations for Europe ...... $193,534.41 Education of Oriental students in A m erica...... 9,500.00 Secretary’s visit to Europe ...... 1,045.93 Foreign Mission Conference...... 2,000.00 Homes for Missionaries and Missionaries’ children .. 49,788.93 Missions and literature sent to missionaries ...... 718.41 Armenian and Syrian war relief ...... 2,196.44 $2,875,659.79 Less cancellations in previous bu dgets...... ' 1,066.58 Total ...... $2,874,593.21 198 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

SCHEDULE IV DETAILS OF HOME EXPENDITURES For the 13 Months’ Period from April 1, 1919 to April 30, 1920

( 1 ) FOREIGN DEPARTMENT ADMINISTRATION Cablegrams ...... $689.01 Medical Examinations ...... 297.36 Missionaries Conference ...... 501.63 Office Equipment ...... 734.94 Office Salaries ...... 11,584.50 Office Supplies & Expenses ...... 556.51 Postage ...... 488.56 ‘ Proportion of General Expense ...... 9,631.17 Salaries of Foreign Secretaries ...... ■...... 9,749.98 Salary of Candidate Secretary ...... 4,874.99 Telegrams ...... 294.30 Travel of Missionaries to Meet Board ...... 1,374.19 Travel of Officers & Others ...... 1,964.25 $42,741.39 Candidate Department: Medical Examinations ...... $98.00 Miscellaneous ...... 289.23 Telegrams ...... 37.64 Travel of Candidates to Meet Board . . . . 2,182.66 Travel of Officers ...... 1,596.60 —------$4,204.13 $46,945.52 (2) HOME DEPARTMENT ADMINISTRATION General Library Expense ...... $48.69 New England Baptist Library ...... 250.00 Office Equipment ...... 273.22 Office Salaries ...... 8,262.42 Office Supplies & Expenses ...... 540.00 * Postage ...... 1,371.49 ‘ Proportion of General Expenses ...... 9,631.17 Salary of Home Secretary ...... 1,499.99 Salary of Associate Secretary ...... 3,145.85 Telegrams ...... 206.57 Travel of Officers & Others ...... 488.10 $25,717-50

(3) PROMOTION OF INTEREST AND BENEFICENCE Campaign Work ...... _...... $4,103.53 Department of Missionary _ Education ...... 500.00 Deputation Work of Missionaries ...... 4,694.42 Deputation Work of Officers ...... 779.45 District Secretaries’ Bonds ...... 16.57 Missionary Exhibits ...... 96.47 ‘ Literature Department ...... 12,271.03 ‘ Proportion of General Expenses ...... 5,000.00 Publicity ...... 1,417.51 Sunday School Educational Campaign ...... 6,763.78 Salaries & Expenses of District Secretaries ...... 22,213.99 Salaries & Expenses of State Collecting Agents ...... 6,056.50 $63,913.25

(4) TREASURY DEPARTMENT ADMINISTRATION Cablegrams ...... $460.63 Certified Public Accountant ...... 573.75 Collectiop & Exchange ...... 2.53 Legal Expense ...... ! ...... 49.85 Miscellaneous ...... 192.59 Office Equipment ...... 1,307.17 Office Salaries ...... 13,819.95 Office Supplies & Expenses ...... 1,277.78 1920] GENERAL REVIEW OF THE YEAR 199

Over & Short Account ...... 18.93 P o sta g e ...... - 484.73 ’ Proportion of General Expenses ...... 9,631.18 Safe D e p o s it Box ...... 75.00 Salary of Treasurer ...... 4.874.99 Shipping Department Salaries & Expenses ...... 4,638.63 Telegrams ...... 425.80 Travel of Officers & Others ...... 725.18 Treasury Liability Bonds ...... 112.50 $38,671.19 Less D iscou n ts ...... 531.17 $38,140.02

(5) MISCELLANEOUS GENERAL EXPENSE Expense of Secretary & Treasurer of General Conference of Free Baptists ...... $165.36 Interest ...... 13,778.01 Retired Officers & Workers ...... 2,600.00 Moving Expenses to New York ...... 14,000.00 $30,543.37 $205,259.66

1 )etail follows

(6) DETAILS OF GENERAL EXPENSES Alteration & Repairs ...... $128.81 Annual Meeting ...... 10,950/15 Electric Light ...... 315.85 Foreign Missions Conference of North America ...... 500.00 Insurance ...... 85.30 Legal Expense ...... 1,231.42 Messenger ...... 2,913.33 Office Equipment ...... 12.50 Office Salaries ...... 2,921.90 Office Supplies & Expenses ...... 1,625.09 Post Office Box ...... 24.00 Rent ...... 8,649.40 Special Conference Expense ...... 314.30 Telegrams ...... 36.98 Telephone & Operator ...... 1,613.53 Travel of Board of Managers ...... 2,570.92 $33,893.52 Apportioned as Follows: To Foreign Department Administration ...... $9,631.17 To Home Department Administration ...... 9,631.17 To Treasury Department Administration ...... 9,631.18 To Promotion of Interest & Beneficence ...... 5,000.00 $33,893.52

(7) DETAILS OF LITERATURE DEPARTMENT EXPENSES Advertising ...... $88.94 Alteration & Repairs ...... 74.85 Annual Report ...... 1,432.99 Cuts & Electrotypes ...... 584.31 General Literature & Printing ...... 4,602.13 Maps & Charts ...... 695.00 Office Equipment ...... 52.20 Office Salaries ...... 2,851.20 Office Supplies & Expenses ...... 220.69 Photographs ...... 69.02 Postage & Express ...... 855.38 Stereoptican Supplies ...... 1,190.45 Telegrams ...... 14.91 $12,732.07 Less Cash Credits ...... 461.04 ------$12,271.03 200 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

SCHEDULE V DETAIL OF INVESTED FUNDS

CLASS I Permanent Funds in General Investments Balance Income April 30, 1920 Earned Abbott, E. L., Endowment...... $13,779.97 748.90 African Medical...... 3,627.58 197.15 Allen, Julia I., Memorial...... 1,200.00 65.22 Ambler, A. T...... 3,500.00 190.21 Ambler, J. V. Memorial ...... 13,000.00 706.51 Ambler, J. V. Scholarship ...... 300.00 16.30 Angus Scholarship ...... 500.00 27.17 Argabright, S. V ...... 100.00 5.43 Arnold, George N...... 1,949.18 105.93 “ As Unto Him” ...... 5,000.00 271.73 ' Axtell, Hannah E...... 124.44 6.76 Bailie, David ...... 1,000.00 54.35 Baker, Bessie Louise Memorial ...... 950.00 51.63 Bamford, Chloe Lizzie ...... 50.00 2.72 Bamford, Cornelia Elizabeth Rand ...... 200.00 10.87 Bamford, Dr. William ...... 250.00 13.59 Barney, B. B., Memorial ...... 5,000.00 271.73 Bellew, William B...... 192.14 10.44 Bennett, Montgomery ...... 3,383/33 183.87 Blake, Herirv H ...... 41,341.20 2,246.77 Bond, Thee P...... 224.96 12.22 Bostwick, J. A...... 20,300.00 1,103.24 Bradford, S. S...... 1,000.00 54.35 Brow, Arnold, Rhoda and Abbie J...... 532.50 28.94 Brown, Jennie ...... 400.00 21.74 Bryant Fund ...... 453.71 24.66 Bucknell, M. C...... 1,000.00 54.35 Bucknell, William Bible ...... 2,414.73 131.23 ’ Burchard, Hannah M...... 3,874.38 181.38 Burke, J. W ...... 100.00 5.43 Burman Theological Seminary ...... 2,000.00 108.69 Butler, Charles T...... 1,000.00 54.35 ‘ Butler,- Elizabeth N...... 1,000.00 54.35 Byerly, A. J...... 500.00 27.17 ‘ Campbell, Catherine J...... 175.00 1.73 Carlton, Adora N., Memorial . .* ...... 700.00 38.04 Carpenter, C. II...... 15,001.41 815.28 Carpenter, : Scholarship ...... 7,600.22 413.05 Chandler, Elizabeth B...... 1,555.85 84.55 *.< Chandler, Helen Mar ...... 5,325.10 289.40 Cheney, Joel ...... 7,307.96 397.16 1—Clough. Memorial Endowment ...... 18,565.09 964.05 *Clouglr Memorial-Endowment Edmands Ward ...... 2,500.00 39.71 ‘ Clough Memorial Endowment Mills Ward ...... 3,000.00 109.48 Colby, E. S...... 476.32 25.89 Colby, M. L...... 1,000.00 54.35 Cook, Chapman M...... '...... 324.00 17.61 Cortiss, Celinda ...... 393.73 21.40 Cox, Effie W...... 154.00 8.37 Crozer, Robert H...... 50,000.00 2,717.35 Crozer, Sallie L...... 3,000.00 163.04 Currier, Emily E...... \ ...... 125.00 6.79 Cushing, Jjosiah N. Memorial ...... 5,025.00 273.09 Daniels, Susan A. L...... 200.00 10.87 Davis, Isaac ...... 5,000.00 271.73 Davis, James M...... 3,412.50 185.46 Dean, William ...... 1,000.00 54.35 Dizer, Marshall C...... 1,000.00 54.35 Drown, Mary N...... 800.00 43.4S 2r-Drpz, Adaline ...... 900.00 44.37 ' Dtinbar, Robert ...... 500.00 27.) 7 Dunham, Sabra G...... 2,762.5® 150.13 1920] REPORT OF. TREASURER 201

Balance Income April 30, 1920 Earned Eaches, Josiali P...... _...... 1,000.00 54.35 Eastburn, Martha Memorial ...... 67.08 3.64 Eaton, Fidelia D...... 15,339.69 833.67 Eldredge, Lyman — '...... 100.00 5.43 Eldredge, Truman ...... 1,000.00 54.35 Estes, Carrie A ...... 25.00 1.36 Faye, Mary Daniel ...... 81.17 4.41 Fengar, Mary E...... 15,810.87 859.27 ’ Fessendon, Emma Smith Memorial ...... 870.00 14.80 Fisk, Theron ...... 1,872.70 101.76 'Flagg, Mary ...... 6,339.90 284.43 Flint, Harriet N...... 5,000.00 271.73 "Floyd, Emmet H. Scholarship ...... 500.00 7.27 Free Baptist Permanent ...... '...... 32,783.51 1,781.68 French Mission ...... 5,029.20 273.32 Fry, Mrs. L. R...... 2,085.89 113.36 Gale, Susan H...... 1,426.89 77.55 Gates, Ruth L ...... 160.00 8.69 Glover, Henry R...... 5,000.00 271.73 Goodrich Scholarship ...... 100.00 5.43 Ham, William ...... 89.55 4.87 Hawkes, A. G...... 500.00 27.17 Hewitt, Harriet Barker ...... 6,427.83 349.33 Horton, Ruth E. M em orial...... 250.00 13.59 Iloyt, Joseph B...... 24,523.00 1,332.75 3-Huizinga, Albert T. Memorial Scholarship Endowment 310.35 15.64 Insein Seminary ...... 4,191.50 227.79 James, William ...... 800.00 43.48 Jenkins, Horace, Eastern China Mission Theological School ...... 4,000.00 217.39 John, Miss Frank ...... 500.00 27.17 Johnson, Susannah ...... 400.00 21.74 Jones, B. E...... 500.00 27.17 Jones, John J...... 50,000.00 2,717.35 Judson Scholarship ...... 538.75 29.28 Karen School Book ...... 7,035.40 382.35 Karen Seminary Endowment ...... •...... 2,000.00 108.69 Kelly Scholarship ...... 300.00 16.30 Kimball, Edmund ...... 21,000.00 1,141.29 *Kurtz, Jacob ...... 804.73 13.47 Latourette, E. S...... 29.00 1.58 Legacy “ Y ” ...... 1,610.30 87.-;) Lees, W. B...... 475.00 25.*1 Leonard Memorial ...... 1,194.72 64.93 Leonard, Frank J...... 4,995.00 271.46 Lester, Sarah Edson, Foreign Mission ...... 1,000.00 54.35 Lewis, Mary J...... 228.35 12.41 Lindsay. Mary E...... 1,997.55 108.56 Little, George W ...... 5,000.00 271.73 Logan, John ...... 100.00 5.43 Lougee, Clara A ...... 1,000.00 54.35 Mah, Hnin E...... 1,780.29 96.7S Mendenhall, Nannie ...... 7,216.50 392.19 Mendenhall, Thomas G...... 1,932.33 105.02 Merrick, Austin ...... 69,448.98 3,774.34 Merrill, S. Emma ...... 522.17 28.38 Mills, Thomas L...... 150.00 8.15 Missionaries’ Home ...... 10.00 .54 Moulton, Greenleaf Memorial ...... 500.00 27.17 Munger, Isador G. Literature ...... 1,000.00 54.35 McKoon, Mamre Ann ...... 815.81 44.34 Nason, James ...... 7,096.11 385.65 Native Preachers ...... 2,369.38 128.77 Nelson, Olof ...... 200.00 10.87 ‘ Newell, Mary M. A ...... 26,910.00 14.76 Norcross, Stephen W ...... 500.00 27.17 Nowland, "Lucy A...... - ...... 11.42 . .62 Ongole College Endowment ...... 48,104.00 2,614.31 Owen, William B...... 12,000.17 652.17 Paige, Charles C...... 100.00 1.62 Parker, Eveline B...... 1,455.63 79.11 202 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOBEIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

Balance Income April 30, 1920 Earned Parks, Louisa M...... 1,000.00 54.35 Pease, William A ...... 358.70 19.49 Permanent Fund ...... 89,318.95 4,854.22 Pevear, Henry A...... 12,500.00 679.34 PillsBury, George A...... 5,000.00 271.73 Porter, Benjamin ...... 1,000.00 54.35 Price, J. D. Scholarship ...... 538.75 29.28 Putnam, B. Memorial ...... ' 2,450.00 133.15 Quincy, Robert ...... 90.50 4.99 Ramapatnam Seminary ...... 26,266.59 1,427.5] Rangoon Baptist College Endowment ...... 1,219.15 66.26 Rangoon College Fund ...... 1,000.00 54.35 Reed, C. Howard Memorial ...... 400.00 21.74 Renfrew, Jefferson ...... 1,000.00 54.35 Roberts, Elizabeth ...... 4,000.00 217.38 Robinson, Jane E...... 100.00 5.43 Rockwell, Rufus ...... 230.90 12.55 Rogers, Alexander W...... 6,000.00 326.08 •Rolf, Andrew G. and Josephine Rolf Memorial...... 5,987.25 87.07 Rowland, Prusia ...... 263.95 14.34 Ruth, Mordecai T...... 5,242.68 284.92 Sargent, Edward P. Memorial ...... 6,406.07 348.15 Sawtelle, Elizabeth S...... 200.00 10.87 Shady Dell ...... 10,850.00 589.66 Sheldon Fund ...... 1,000.00 54.35 Sheldon, Chauncey ...... 250.00 13.59 Sherman, George J...... 1,000.00 54.35 Skofield, Sarah A...... 500.00 27.17 Smith, Samuel F...... 2,000.00 108.69 Spencer, Charles D...... 2,000.00 108.69 Stuart, Elvira A ...... 99.50 5.41 •Sunderland, James ...... 5,000.00 72.72 Swaini, Mary Augusta Noble ...... 9,000.00 489.12 Sweet, John D...... 10,000.00 543.47 Tage, James M. . .'...... 790.35 42.95 Thomas Fund ...... ^ ...... 3,500.00 190.2] Thompson, Rachel Memorial ...... 1,000.00 54.3." Toungoo Karen Norman School ...... 3,306.11 179.68 Towne, Mary J...... 2,500.00 135.87 Tripp, Susan ...... 1,167.99 63.48 Tull Memorial ...... 250.00 13.59 Van Husen, C...... : ...... 2,000.00 108.69 Wade Scholarship ...... 1,626.15 88.38 Warne, Joseph A ...... 17,662.13 959.88 Watson, Maria ...... 729.19 39.66 Wells, Susan E...... 2,000.00 108.69 Wetherby, Zillah U...... 2,500.00 135.87 White, Mrs. Ellen M...... 1,000.00 54.35 Whiting, Martha ...... 1,167.50 63.45 Williams, Catharine ...... 500.00 27.17 Woman’s Fund of the Adams Village Baptist Church 25.00 1.36 Woolverton, George A...... 5,000.00 271.73 Wormsley, Thomas ...... 5,000.00 271.73 $950,564.93 $49,391.22 * New Funds Donated during the year 1 Increased during the year $1250 2 Increased during the year $300 3 Increased during the year $39.75 1920] REPORT OF TREASURER 203

CLASS II Temporary Funds in General Investments Balance April 1 Increase Decrease April 30 Income 1919 during year during year 1920 earned Barnes, Mrs. Arthur $32-4.00 $324.00 $5.64 fioodnow, Emma A. $9,657.94 480.00 $1,480.00 8.657.94 522.27 Hengal Famine ...... 397.84 397.84 21.62 China Famine ...... 20S.58 205.58 11.17 Doe, John, Missionary 9,836.94 9.836.94 1.77 India Famine ...... 9,494.30 1,853.08 11,347.38 148.66 Japan Famine _...... 147.54 147.54 8.02 Telugu Industrial School 6.733.28 6,733.28 365.93 Youdell, Margaret ...... 5.325.29 5,325.29 58.53 $31,961.77 $12,494.02 $18,152.67 $26,303.12 $1,143.61

CLASS III Permanent Funds with Specified Investments Balance Increase Decrease Balance Income Apr. 1, 1919 Apr. 30, 1920 earned Bixby, E. M...... $1,000.00 $1,000.00 $50.00 Coles and Ackerman Memorial ...... 20,000.00 20,000.00 1,000.00 Coles, Abraham MemT 1,000.00 1,000.00 50.00 Colver, Charles K. Mem’l Student Aid and Book ...... 1,500.00 1,500.00 82.50 Doe, John ...... 448,300.00 448,300.00 39,507.93 Dunham, Sabra G ... 2,000.00 2,000.00 100.00 Liu Chiu Island . v . 5,000.00 5,000.00 200.00 Memorial Baptist Church of Christ, N. Y ...... 1.00 1.00 1.00 Merrick, Austin . . . . 8,333.33 8,333.33 333.33 Reiff, William E. . . . 17,577.68 17,577.68 858.83 Rockefeller, John D. $1,000,000.00 1,000,000.00 16,812.50 Rogers, Alexander W. 4,000.00 4,000.00 250.00 Sunderland, James .. 5,000.00 $5,000.00 150.00 Ward Trust ...... 4,000.00 4,000.00 160.00 Warne, Joseph A. .. 1,050.00 1,050.00 63.00 $518,762.01 $1,000,000.00 $5,000.00 $1,513,762.01 $59,619.09

CLASS IV Temporary Funds with Specified Investments Balance Increase Decrease Balance Apr. 1, 1919 Apr. 30, 1920 Ida M. Allen ...... $2,000.00 $2,000.00 $4,000.00 John Doe West China ...... 180,750.20 9,671.88 $126,966.59 63,455.49 William Dring ...... 2.000.00 2,000.00 Science Building Fund ...... 65,000.00 8,078.00 40,578.00 32,500.00 Rockefeller, John D...... 1,900,000.00 1,900,000.00 $249,750.20 $1,919,749.88 $167,544.59 $2,001,955.49

■"Incomes not shown on this classification as in some cases the donor has specified the object for which this income is to be used. 204 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

CLASS V Special Permanent and Temporary Funds Balance Increase Decrease Balance April 1, April 30, 1919 1920 Abbott, Arminda P...... $1,407.00 $1,407.00 Bisliop, Nathan ...... 34,167.23 34,167.23 Curtis, Delia ...... 200.00 200.00 Fountain, Josephine A. Mem’l ...... 200.00 200.00 Kimball, Ella F...... $1,000.00 1,000.00 McNaught Scripture ...... 80.00 80.00 Nickerson, John H...... 100.00 100.00 Townsend, Annie ...... 1,200.00 1,200.00 Fox, Daniel ...... 500.00 500.00 Wisler. Harry E. Memorial ...... 420.00 420.00 Miscellaneous Missionaries’ Funds . . . . 29,212.29 1,122.59 10,266.05 20,068.83 $67,486.52 $2,122.59 $10,266.05 $59,343:06

Summary of Changes in Funds Balance Increase Decrease Balance Apr. 1, 1919 Apr. 30, 1920 Permanent Funds in General Investments (Class I) . . . . $892,915.12 $57,651.01 $1.20 $950,564.93 Temporary Funds in General Investments (Class II) ... 31,961.77 12,494.02 18,152.67 26,303.12 Permanent Funds with Speci* fied Investments (Class III) 518,762.01 1,000,000.00 5,000.00 1,513,762.01 Temporary Funds with Speci­ fied Investments (Class IV ) 249,750.20 1,919,749.88 167,544.59 2,001,955.49 Special Permanent and Tem- pora.-y Funds (Class V ) .. 67,486.52 2,122.59 10,266.05 59,343,06 ! $1,760,875.62 $2,992,017.50 $200,964.51 $4,551,928.61 Total Net Increase ...... $2,791,052.99 Rates of Income on Investments General Investment of Permanent and Temporary Funds Average Investment for the year ...... $958,752.62 Income earned during y e a r ...... 50,962.35 Rate of income earned...... 5.32%

SCHEDULE VI

Rate of Income on Investments, General Investment of Annuity Funds

Average Investment for the year ...... $1,529,873.60 Income earned during year ...... 68,178.76 Rate of Income earned ...... 4.46% 1920] GENERAL INVESTMENTS 205

B. STATEMENT OF RESERVE ACCOUNTS Annuity Reserve Annuity Reserve April 1, 1919 ...... $1,465,250.28 New Agreements written during i:'ie year ...... ' . . . . 266,388.70 $1,731,638.98 Agreements matured during the year ...... $42,901.96 Adjustments chargeable against Reserve ...... 10,000-00 52,901.96 $1,678,737.02 Annuity Payments ...... 111,899.72 Annuity Investment Income ...... 68,178.76 43,720.96 Annuity Reserve April 30, 1920 ...... $1,635,016.06 c Matured Annuity Reserve Reserve for the Equalization of Income from Matured Annuities, April 1, 1919 ...... $6,545.90 Annuity Agreements matured during the year ...... 42,901 96 $49,447.86 Transferred to Budget Income ...... 20,000.00 Reserve for the Equalization of Income from Matured Annuities, April 30, 1920 ...... $29,447.86 • = = = = = D Legacy Equalization Reserve Reserve for the Equalization of Income from Legacies April 1, 1919 ...... $41,130.78 Legacies received during the year ...... 433,223.06 $474,353.84 Transferred to Budget Income ...... $110,000.00 'Iransferred to Building Specifics by Special Action ...... 83,000.00 Transferred to Victory Campaign— Balance of income from Legacies for year 1919 ...... 29,592.87 222,592,87 Reserve for the Equalization of Income from Legacies April 30, 1 ...... $251,760.97

SCHEDULE VII GENERAL INVESTMENT OF PERMANENT AND TEMPORARY FUNDS RAILROAD BONDS Par Value Market Value $3,000.00 Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe R.R., E. Okla. Div. 1st. Mtg...... 4’s March 1, 1928 $2,954.79 10.000.00 & Ohio R.R., 1st. Mtg...... 4’s July I, 1948 10,144.04 2,000.00 Bangor & Aroostook R.R., Co., 1st Mtg. Washburn Ext...... 5’s Aug. 1, 1939 1,984.82 10.000.00 Big Sandy Railroad, 1st. Mtg...... 4’ s June 1, 1944 9,824.34 10.000.00 BQSton & Albany R.R., Co., Improve­ ment Bd. of 1913...... 5’s July 1', 1938 10,109.83 206 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

Par Value Market Value 10.000.00 Boston & Maine R.R...... 4’s Sept. , 1926 10,000.00 5.000.00 Canada Southern Ry. Co., Cons. Series A ...... 5's Oct. , 1962 5,029.16 10.000.00 Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R.R., Co., 111. Div. Mtg...... 4*8 July , 1949 9,717.49 10.000.00 Chicago, Indiana it Southern R.R., Bd. of 1906...... 4’s Jan. , 1956 9,684.53 5.000.00 Chicago Junction Rwys. & Union Stock Yards Co. Mtg. & Coll. Tr. Ref...... 4's April , 1940 4,387.89 5.000.00 Chicago Junction Rwys. & Union Stock Yards Co. Mtg. & Coll. Tr. Ref...... 4’s April , 1940 4,394.08 5.000.00 Chicago Milwaukee & St. Paul Ry. Co., Series of 1909...... 4’s July , 1934 4,547.56 3.000.00 Chicago & Eastern Illinois R.R., Co., 1st. Cons...... 6’s Oct. , 1934 2,901.56 10.000.00 Chicago & Western Indiana R.R., Cons...... 4’s July , 1952 9,136.60 3.000.00 Cincinnati, Indianapolis & Western Railroad Co. 1st...... 5’s Nov. , 1965 3,000.00 10.000.00 Cleveland Terminal & Valley R.R., Co., 1 st ...... 4’s Nov. , 1995 9,954.75 10.000.00 Erie Railroad, Prior Lien ...... 4’s Jan. , 1996 10,000.00 5.000.00 Housatonic R.R., Cons...... 5’s Nov. , 1937 5,053.40 10.000.00 Kansas City & Pacific R.R., Co. 1st. 4’s Aug. , 1990 5,138.88 5.000.00 Kansas City Terminal Ry. Co., 1st. Mtg...... 4’s Jan. , 1960 4,455.20 25.000.00 Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Ry. 4’s Sept. , 1928 25,016.20 5.000.00 Lehigh & New York Railroad Co. 1 St...... 4’s Sept. , 1945 4,983.40 12.000.00 Lehigh & Jefferson Bridge Co...... 4’s March , 1945 11,934.15 11.000.00 Louisville & Nashville R.R., Co., , Knoxville & Cincinnati Div. 4’s May . 1955 10,406.79 10.000.00 Minneapolis, Sault Ste. Marie & At­ lantic Rwy. Co., 1st. Mtg...... 4’s Jan. , 1926 9,752.76 5.000.00 Minneapolis St. Paul and Sault Ste. Marie Ry. Co., 1st. Cons. Mtg...... 4’s Jan. , 1938 4,801.05 20.000.00 Missouri Pacific R.R., Co., Gen. Mtg. 4’s March , 1975 10,347.79 10^000.00 New York Central & Hudson River R.R. Co. Lake Shore Coll...... 3 i’s Feb. , 1998 7,586.49 10.000.00 New York Central & Hudson River R.R.. Debenture ...... 4’s May , 1934 10,060.46 10.000.00 New York, New Haven & Hartford R.R., Debenture ...... 4’s July , 1955 9,877.49 9.000.00 Northern Pacific Ry. Co., Gen. Lien Ry. and Land Grant ...... 3’s Jan. , 2047 5,798.40 10.000.00 Oregon-Washington R.R. & Navigation Co. 1st. & Ref. Mtg. Series A . . . . 4’s Jan. , 1961 8,737.27 15.000.00 Pennsylvania Co. Series of 1906.... 4’s Apr. , 1931- 14,951.56 10.000.00 Pennsylvania R.R. Co., Gen. Mtg. Series A ...... 4 i’s June , 1965 9,759.88 8.000.00 Phila, Wilmington & Baltimore R.R. Stock Trust Certificate...... 4’s July , 1921 7,775.00 5.000.00 St. Louis Merchants Bridge Terminal Railway Co...... 5’s Oct. . 1930 4,969.68 5.000.00 Terminal Railroad Assoc, of St. Louis 1 st. Mtg...... : ...... 4 j’s Oct. , 1939 5,041.22 4.000.00 Toledo & Ohio Central Rwy. Co. 1st. Mtg...... 5’s July , 1935 3,000.00 10.000.00 Washington Terminal Co. 1st...... 3|’s Feb. , 1945 9,310.07 $306,528.52 TRACTION BONDS Par Value Market Value 5,000.00 Chicago Rwys. Co. 1st. 5’s Feb. 1, 1927 $4,962.34 5.000.00 Danville, Champaign & Decatur Rwy. & Light Co., Cons. & Ref. Coll. Tr...... 5’s March 1, 1938 4,695.56 5.000.00 Danville, Champaign & Decatur Rwy. & Light Co Cons. & Ref. Coll. Tr...... S'i March 1, 1938 4,599.23 1920] GENERAL INVESTMENTS 207

Par Value Market Value 10.000.00 Galveston Houston Electric Rwy. 1st. Mtg...... S’s O ct 1 1954 9,732.70 5.000.00 Georgia Railway & Power Co. 1st. & Ref. Mtg. Sinking Fd...... S’s April 1, 1954 4,687.35 5.000.00 Kansas City Clay County & St. Joseph Ry. Co., 1st. Mtg...... 5’s Sept. 1, 1941 4,688.32 5.000.00 Middlesex & Boston St. Railway Co., 1st. & Ref...... 4|’s Jan. 1, 1932 4,958.79 500.00 Pennsylvania & Ohio Railway C o... 5’s March 15, 1921 1.00 10.000.00 Portland, Ore., Railway Light & Pow­ er Co., 1st. R ef...... S’s Feb. 1, 1942 9,703.84 5.000.00 Tri-City Railway Co., Davenport, Iowa, 1st...... 5’s Sept 1, 1922 5,000.00 19.000.00 Washington Railway & Electric Co., Cons...... 4’s Dec. 1, 1951 16,713.99 $69,743.12 ELECTRIC. GAS AND WATER BONDS Par Value Market Value 5.000.00 Adirondack Electric Power Corp. 1st. Mtg...... S’s Jan. 1 1962 $4,677.25 5.000.00 Cincinnati Gas & Electric Co. 1st. & Ref. Mtg. Sinking Fund, Series. A 5’s April 1 19S6 4.977.81 5.000.00 Citizens Gas Company of India­ napolis, 1st. & Ref...... 5’s July 1 1942 4,757.59 5.000.00 Connecticut Power Co., 1st. & Cons. Mtg...... 5’s April 1 1963 4,801.21 10.000.00 Consolidated Gas Electric Light & Power Co., Gen. Mtg...... 4J’s Feb. 14 1935 9,450.72 5.000.00 Consumers Power Co., 1st. Lien & Ref...... 5’s Jan. 1 1936 4.706.27 5.000.00 Fort Worth Power & Light Co., 1st Mtg...... 5’s Aug. 1 1931 4,858.46 2.000.00 Gage County Gas Light & Power Co. 1st. Mtg...... 6’s June 1 1929 1,911.07 6.500.00 Hutchinson Water Light & Power Co., 1st. Mtg...... 4’s Jan. 1 1928 3,746.00 5.000.00 Indianapolis Gas Co., 1st. Cons. Mtg...... 5’s April 1 1952 4,843.84 21.000.00 Niagara, Lockport & Ontario Power Co., Ref. Mtg. Sinking Fd. Series A ...... 6’s Feb. 1 1958 19,568.70 5.000.00 Northern Texas Electric Company, Coll. Tr...... 5’s Jan. 1 1940 4.843.81 5.000.00 Seattle Electric Company ...... S’s March 1 1939 4,967.64 2.000.00 Seattle Electric Company, Coris. & Ref. Mtg...... : ...... S’s Aug. 1 1929 1.948.28 25.000.00 Seattle Electric Company, 1st...... 5’s Feb. 1 1930 25,804.42 2.000.00 Topeka Edison Company, 1st...... 5’s Sept. 1 1930 1,960.33 10.000.00 United Electric Company of N. J. 1st. Mtg...... 4’s June 1 1949 8,696.35 5.000.00 Western Electric Company, 1st . . . . 5’s Dec. 31 1922 5,016.19 5.000.00 Westei% Electric Company, 1st...... 5’s Dec. 31 1922 5,003.62 $126,539.50 TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH BONDS Par Value Market Value $15,000.00 Bell Telephone Company of Canada, 1st. Mtg...... 5’s April 1, 1925 $14,973.81 5.000.00 Cumberland Telephone & Telegraph Co. 1st. & Gen’l ...... 5’s Jan. 1, 1937 5,033.87 5.000.00 Cumberland Telephone & Telegraph Co.. 1st. & Gen’l ...... 5’s Jan. 1, 1937 4,995.66 5.000.00 Michigan State Telephone Co., 1st. Mtg...... S’s Feb. 1, 1924 4,968.42 5.000.00 New York Telephone Co., 1st. & Gen’l Mtg. Sinking Fd...... 4J’s Nov. 1, 1939 4,887.30 5.000.00 New York Telephone Co., 1st. & Gen’l Mtg. Sinking Fd...... 4J’s Nov. 1, 1939 4,929.58 5.000.00 New York Telephone Co., 1st. & Gen’l Mtg. Sinking Fd...... 4J’s Nov. 1, 1939 4,979.62 208 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN .MISSION SOCIETY [Report

Par Value Market Value 5.000.00 Southern Bell Telephone & Tele­ graph, 1st. Mtg...... 5's Jan. 1, 1941 4,948.84 5.000.00 Western Union Telegraph Co., Fund­ ing & R.E. Mtg...... 4 i’s May 1, 1950 4.724.32 5.000.00 Western Union Telegraph Co., Fund- 4 j ’s May 1, 1950 4.680.33 $59,121.75 DISTRICT, GOVERNMENT, MUNICIPAL AND STATE BONDS Par Value Market Value 5.000.00 4J’s Nov. 1, 1929 $5,020.09 -10 ,000.00 Dominion of Canada ...... 5’s April 1, 1931 9,898.33 5.000.00 City of Dallas, Public School Im­ provement ...... 4J’s May 1, 1949 5,124.63 5.000.00 City of Dallas, Public School Im­ provement ...... 4J’s May 1, 1950 5,125.01 10,000.00 City oi Knoxville, Third Creek Sewer, 1912 ...... 4J’s June 15, 1942 ,10,000.00 10,000.00 City of Los Angeles, Harbor Im­ provement ...... 4J’s May 1, 1951 10,157.28 5.000.00 City of Memphis, Special Levee 5’s July 1, 1954 5,401.79 10,000.00 City of Memphis, Special Levee Bond ...... 5’s July 1, 1954 10,815.00 10,000.00 City of Minneapolis, Street Im­ provement ...... 4|’s July 1, 1932 10,254.91 5.000.00 City of Nashville, State of Tennes­ see* Gen’l Imp. Series. 1914 . . . . 5’s March 1, 1927 5,152.40 7,400.00 Newbert Protective District, Orange Co., Calif...... 6*8 Jan. 1, 1921 7,400.00 5.000.00 Province of New Brunswick, Trans. Deb...... 4 J’s Dec. 1, 1925 4,866.66 10,000.00 Omaha Water Works of the City of Omaha ...... 4J’s Dec. IS, 1941 10,194.54 5.000.00 City of Spokane Water Bond ...... 5’s Dec. 1, 1926 5,058.98 10,000.00 City of , Province of Ontario 4 j’s July 1, 1925 9,735.81 5.000.00 Toronto Harbour Commissioners, 4th Series ...... 4J’s Sept. 1, 1953 4,358.86 $118,564.29 UNITED STATES LIBERTY BONDS Par Value $ 500.00 U.S. of America, 1st Liberty Loan S i’s June 15 1932-47 500.00 100.00 U.S. of America, 1st Liberty Loan 4’s June 15 1932-47 100.00 200.00 U.S. of America, 1st Liberty Loan 4l’s June 15 1932-47 200.00 100.00 U.S. of America, 1st Liberty Loan 43’s June 15 1932-47 100.00 500.00 U.S. of America, 1st Liberty Loan 4J’s June 15 1932-47 500.00 3.000.00 U.S. of America, 1st Liberty Loan 41’s June 15 1932-47 3,000.00 1.000.00 U.S. of America, 1st Liberty Loan 41’s June 15 1932-47 1,000.00 300.00 U.S. of America, 2nd Liberty Loan 4’s Nov. 15 *927-42 300.00 500.00 U.S. of America, 2nd Liberty Loan 4’s Nov. 15 1927-42 500.00 100.00 U.S. of America, 2nd Liberty Loan 4J’s Nov. 15 1927-42 100.00 200.00 U.S. of America, 2nd Liberty Loan 4 j’s Nov. 15 1927-42 200.00 600.00 U.S. of America, 2nd Liberty Loan 4|’s Nov. 15 1927-42 600.00 1.5.00.00 U.S. of America, 2nd Liberty Loan 4 i’s Nov. 15 1927-42 1,500.00 7.000.00 U.S. of America, 2nd Liberty Loan 4J’s Nov. 15 1927-42 7,000.00 .1,000.00 U.S. of America, 2nd Liberty Loan 4J’s Nov. 15 1927-42 1,000.00 50.00 U.S. of America, 3rd Liberty Loan 4J’s Sept 15 1928 50.00 300.00 U.S. .of. America, 3rd Liberty Loan 4$’s Sept. 15 1928 300.00 500.00 U.S. of America, 3rd Liberty Loan 4J’s Sept. 15 1928 500.00 2.000.00 U.S. of-America, 3rd Liberty Loan 4J’s Sept 15 1928 2,000;00 5.000.00 U.S. of"America, 3rd Liberty Loan 4i’s Sept. 15 1928 5,000.00 20.000.00 U.S. of-America, 3rd Liberty Loan 4i’s Sept. 15 1928 20,000.00 , 5.SO.00 U.S. of America, 4th Liberty Loan 43’s Oct. 15 1933-38 550.00 ... -300.00 U.S. :Of: America, 4th Liberty Loan ,4i’s Oct. 15 1933-38 300.00 ’ 2,t)00.00 U.S. of America, 4th Liberty Loan 4 j ’s Oct. 15 1933-38 2,000.00 . 1,500.00 U.S. of-. America, 4th Liberty Loan 43’s Oct. 15 1933-38 1,500.00 1.000.00 U.S. of' America, 4th Liberty Loan 43’s Oct. 15 1933-38 1,000.00 15.000.00 U.S. of America, 4th Liberty Loan 4J’s Oct. 15 1933-38 15,000.00 10.000.00 U.S. o f America, 4ttr Liberty Loan 4|’s Oct. 15 1933-38 10,000.00 19^0] GENERAL INVESTMENTS 209

Par Value Market Value 30,000.00 U.S. of America, 4th Liberty Loan 4|’s Oct. 15, 1933-38 27,276.75 9.000.00 U.S. of America, Victory Liberty Loan ...... 42’s May 20, 1923 9,000.00 5.000.00 U.S. of America, Victory Liberty Loan ...... 4J’s May 20, 1923 5,000.00 $116,076.75 SUNDRY BONDS Par Value Market Value $ 1,000.00 Computing-Tabulating Recording Co. •Sinking Fund, Gen’l ...... 6’s6_’s July July 1,1 , 19411941 803.98 4,000.00 Federal Wharf & Storage Co. 1st 5's Feb.Feb. 1,1 , 19121912 1.00 10,000.00 Illinois Steel Co. Debenture ...... 4J’s4£’s AprilApril 1,1 , 19401940 9,319.11 5.000.00 Ulniois Steel Co. Debenture ...... 4J’s4*’s April April 1,1 , 19401940 4,732.42 2.000.00 International Silver Co...... 6’s6’s Dec.Dec. 1,1 , 19481948 2,177.97 3.000.00 Iowa Loan & Trust Co. Series 126 ~ ' "5’s ' April " '1 , 1924-29 “ 3,000.00 1,000.00 Standard Gas Light Co. of New York City, 1st ...... 5’s May 1, 1930 1,000.00 10,000.00 Swift & Company, 1st Mtg. Sinking 5’s July 1, 1944 9,914.82 $30,949.30 MORTGAGES In various States $155,766.38 STOCKS Shares Market Value 60 Cincinnati, Indianapolis & Western R .R.Co. Pfd...... $ 3,000.00 60 Cincinnati, Indianapolis & Western R. R. Co. Common ...... 1,990.00 1 City Real Estate Trustees, Chicago ...... 800.00 14 First National Bank of Boston ...... 1,400.00 14 First National Bank of Boston ...... 4,014.00 6 Fitchburg Railroad Co. Pfd...... 468.00 9 Fitchburg Railroad Co. Pfd...... 1,080.00 12 International Trust Company, Boston ...... 1,200.00 15 National Fuel Gas ...... 750.00 2 New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R. Co...... 100.00 17 Pennsylvania Railroad ...... 901.76 36 Standard Reliance Mortgage Corporation ...... 1,800.00 75 United Traction & Electric Co...... 7,575.00 70 Upper Coos Railroad Co. N. H...... 10,500.00 150 Williams-Davis-Brooks & Ilinchman Sons, Detroit, Mich. Pfd...... 1,387.50 $36,966.26 MISCELLANEOUS Shelburne Falls Savings Bank, Mass...... f ...... $ 500.00 REAL ESTATE In various States ...... $4,344.48 SUMMARY OF GENERAL INVESTMENT OF PERMANENT AND TEMPORARY FUNDS Railroad ...... $ 306,528.52 Traction ...... 69,743.12 Electric, Gas and Water ...... 126,539.56 Telephone and Telegraph ...... 59,121.75 District, Government, Municipal and State ...... 118,564.29 U. S. Liberty Bonds ...... 116,076.75 Sundry ...... 30,949.30 827,523.29 Notes secured by real estate and trust deeds ...... 155,766.38 Stocks ...... 36,966.26 Miscellaneous ...... 500.00 Real Estate ...... 4,344.48 $1,025,100.41 210 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

GENERAL INVESTMENT OF ANNUITY FUNDS RAILROAD BONDS Par Value Market Value $ 5,000.00 Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Rail­ way, Transcontinental Short Lines 4’s July , 1958 $ 4,598.76 13,000.00 Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe R.R. Adjustment 100 Yr...... 4’s July , 1995 13,000.00 5,000.00 Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Co. Ref. & Gen’l Mtg. Series A ...... 5’s Dec. , 1995 5,100.80 10,000.00 Big Sandy Railroad, 1st Mtg...... 4’s June , 1944 9,824.34 10,000.00 Boston & Maine R. R...... 4’s Sept. , 1926 10,000.00 10,000.00 Canadian Southern Ry, Co. Cons. 50 Yr. Series A ...... 5's Oct. , 1962 10,456.30 10,000.00 Central Indiana Ry. 1st Mtg...... 4’s May , 1953 9,833.31 1,500.00 Central Vermont Railway Co. 1st Mtg...... 4’s May , 1920 1,500.00 1,000.00 Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R. Co. 111. Div. Mtg...... 3 J’s July , 1949 1,000.00 10,000.00 Chicago, Indiana & Southern R. R. Series of 1906 ...._ ...... 4’s Jan. , 1956 9,684.77 1,000.00 Chicago, Indianapolis & Louisville Rwy. Ref. Mtg...... 5’s July , 1947 978.67 10,000.00 Chicago Junction Railways & Union Stockyards Co...... 5’s April , 1940 10,124.43 10,000.00 Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Rail­ way Co. Gen. Mtg...... 4?.’s May , 1989 10,283.50 1,000.00 Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Ry. a Co., Series of 1909...... 4’s July , 1934 833.92 5,000.00 Chicago Union Station Co,, 1st. Mtg. Series A ...... 4J’s July , 1963 5,011.4? 5,000.00 Chicago Union Station Co., 1st. Mtg. Series A ...... 4J’s July , 1963 5,011.41 5,000.00 Chicago & Northwestern Rwy. Co., Gen. Mtg...... 4’s Nov. , 1987 4,770.02 10,000.00 Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago & St. Louis Ry. Gen...... 4’s June , 1993 9,886.86 12,000.00 Delaware River R.R. & Bridge Co., 1st. Mtg...... 4’ s Aug. , 1936 10.305.8S 10,000.00 Erie Railroad, Prior Lien ...... 4’s Jan. , 1996 10,000.00 5,000.00 4J’s Jan. , 1932 5,106.20 10,000.00 Housatonic R.R. Cons...... 5’s Nov. , 1937 10,106.80 15,000.00 Kansas City Terminal Ry. Co. 1st. 4’ s Jan. , 1960 14,096.07 10,000.00 Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Ry. 4’s May , 1931 9,642.44 5,000.00 Lehigh Valley Rwy. Co., 1st. Mtg. 4J’s July , 1940 4,285.71 8,000.00 Louisville _ & Jefferson Bridge Co. 4’s March , 1945 7,478.06 10,000.00 Minneapolis, St. Paul & Sault Ste. Marie ...... 4’s July , 1938 9,551.60 1,000.00 New York Central R.R. Co., Series of 1915, Conv. Deb...... 6’s May , 193S 915.62 10,000.00 New York Central & Hudson River R.R. Michigan Cental ...... 3 i’s Feb. , 1998 8,523.28 10,000.00 New York Connecting R.R. Co., Series A, 1st. Mtg...... 4J’s Aug. , 1953 9,955.44 20,000.00 New York, New Haven & Hartford R.R. Debenture...... 4’s May , 1956 19,509.28 10,000.00 Norfolk & Western R.R. Div. 1st. Lien & Gen’l ...... 4’s July , 1944 9,985.59 7,000.00 Northern Pacific Railway Co., Gen. 3’s Jan. , 2047 4,700.15 5,000.00 Northern Pacific Ry. Co., Gen. Lien Ry. and Land Grant ...... 3’s Jan. , 2047 3,217.04 13,500.00 Northern Pacific Railway Co., Prior Lien Rwy. and Land Grant...... 4’s Jan. , 1997 10,395.00 1,000.00 Northern Pacific Railway, Gen’l Lien Ry. and Land Grant ...... 3’s Jan. , 2047 660.32 5,000.00 Northern Pacific & Great Northern C. B. & Q. Coll. Joint...... 4’s July , 1921 4,995.20 10,000.00 Northern Pacific & Great Northern R.R. C. B. & Q. Coll. Joint . . . 4’s July , 1921 10,000.00 10,000.00 Pennsylvania Co., Series of 1906.... 4’s Apr. , 1931 9,967.45 5,000.00 Pennsylvania Railroad Co., Gen. Mtg. 4|’s June , 1965 5,017.14 5,000.00 Philadelphia Co., Cony. Deb. of 1912 S’s May , 1922 4,971.92 1920] GENERAL INVESTMENTS 211

Par Value Market Value 2 ,000.00 Seaboard Air Line Railway . Co., Se­ cured Note ...... 6’* Sept. 15, 1920 2 ,000.00 1,000.00 Seaboard Air Line Railway Co., 1st. & Cons. Mtg. Series A ...... 6’S Sept. 1, 1945 1,000.00 10,000.00 Southern Railway Co. St. Louis Div. 1 st...... _...... 4’s Jan. 1, 1951 9,901.77 5,000.00 Terminal Railroad Assoc, of St. Louis, 1st. Mtg...... 4£'s O ct 1, 1939 5,030.93 4.000.00 United New Jersej' R.R. and Canal Co., Gen. Mtg...... 4’s Sept. 1, 1929 3,496.00 1.000.00 Wisconsin Central Railway Co. 1st. 4’s July 1, 1949 912.17 $327, 625.58 TRACTION BONDS Par Value Market Value $4,000.00 Bleeker St. & Fulton Ferry R.R. Co., 1st. ] 4’s Jan. 1, 1950 $3, ,759.37 25.000.00 4’s May 1, 1935 25, 000.00 3.000.00 Danville Champaign & Decatur Ry. & Light Co., Cons. & Ref. Coll. Tr. 5’s March 1, 1938 3, 000.00 5.000.00 Interborough Rapid Transit Co., 1st. & Ref. Mtg...... 5’s Jan. 1, 1966 4, 932.58 5.000.00 Interborough Rapid Transit Co., 1st. & Ref. Mtg. .._...... 5’s Jan. 1, 1966 4, 895,46 10.000.00 Interborough Rapid Transit Co. 1st. & Ref. M tg ...... 5’s Jan. 1, 19 66 9, 953.08 5.000.00 Interborough Rapid Transit Co., 1st. & Ref. Mtg...... S’s Jan. 1, 1966 4, ,976.54 1.000.00 Iowa Railway & Light Co., 1st. & R ef...... 5’s Sept. 1, 1932 1,000.00 5,000.00 Springfield & Northeastern Traction 5’s Dec. 1, 1936 5, 052.43 10,000.00 5’s March 1, 1944 10, 534.29 $73,103.75 ELECTRIC, GAS AND WATER BONDS Par Value Market Value $5,000.00 Blackstone Valley Gas & Electric Co., 1st. & Gen’l Mtg...... 5’s Jan. 1, 1939 ,123.30 5.000.00 Cleveland Electric Illuminating Co., 1st...... 5’s Apr. 1, 1939 ,083.23 10,000.00 Cleveland Electric Illuminating Co., 1st...... 5’s Apr. 1, 1939 ,075.67 5.000.00 Commonwealth Edison Co., 1st. Mtg. 5’s June 1, 1943 ,052.74 10,000.00 Consumers Power Co., 1st. Lien and Ref...... 5’s Jan. 1, 1936 ,000.00 10,000.00 Detroit Edison Co., 1st...... 5’s Jan. 1, 1933 ,094.14 5.000.00 Detroit Edison Co., 1st...... 5’s Jan. 1, 1933 ,069.02 25.000.00 Federal Light & Traction Co., 1st. Lien Sinking Fund...... 5’s March 1, 1942 25,000.00 100.00 Franklin Water Light & Power Co. 1st. M tg...... 5’s ^Apr. 1, 1922 100.00 5.000.00 Indiana Lighting Co., 1st. Mtg...... 4’s Aug. 1, 1958 ,208.83 5.000.00 Massachusetts Gas Companies...... 41’s Jan. 1, 1929 ,881.72 5.000.00 Massachusetts Gas Companies...... 4J’s Jan. 1, 1929 ,876.96 5.000.00 Minneapolis General Electric C o... . 5’s Dec. 1, 1934 ,116.22 5.000.00 Minneapolis General Electric Co... . 5’s Dec. 1, 1934 ,034.17 5.000.00 Minneapolis General Electric C o... . 5’s Dec. 1, 1934 ,000.00 5.000.00 Minneapolis General Electric C o... . 5’s Dec. 1, 1934 ,049.02 4.000.00 Newark Gas Co., 1st...... 6’s Apr. 1, 1944 ,0 00.00 10.000.00 Southern Power Co., 1st. Mtg...... 5’s March 1, 1930 ,000.00 5.000.00 Union Electric Light & Power Co. 5’s Sept. 1, 1932 ,074.62 2 .000.00 Utah Power & Light Co., 1st. Mtg. 5’s Feb. 1, 1944 ,984.33 $130,823.97 TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH BONDS Par Value Market Value 1,000.00 American Telephone & Telegraph Co. 5 Yr. Notes...... 6’s Feb. 1, 1924 $ 989.69 5,000.00 American Telephone & Telegraph Co. 4’ s July 1, 1929 4,733.95 -26,000.00 American Telephone & Telegraph Co. Coll. Tr...... 4’s July 1. 1929 25,729.21 2 1 2 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

Par Value Market Value 3,000.00 American Telephone & Telegraplf Co. 30 Yr. Coll. Tr...... 5’S Dec. 1. 1946 2,948.0.5 3,000.00 American Telephone & Telegraph Co. 30 Yr. Coll. Tr...... 5’s Dec. 1, 1946 2,977.28 4,000.00 American Telephone & Telegraph Co. 30 Yr. Coll. Tr...... 5*8 Dec. 1, 1946 3,978.33 4,000.00 American Telephone & Telegraph Co. 30 Yr. Coll. Tr...... 5’s Dec. '1, 1946 3,930.75 10,000.00 New England Telephone & Telegraph Co. Debenture...... 5’s Oct. 1, 1932 10,033.^-1 5,000.00 New York Telephone Co. 1st. & Gen’l Mtg. Sinking Fund...... 4 J’s Nov. 1, 1939 4,969.08 10,000.00 New York Telephone Co. 1st & Gen’l Mtg. Sinking Fund...... 4J’s Nov. 1, 1939 10,109.20 5,000.00 Ohio State Telephone Co. Cons. & Ref. Mtg. Sinking Fund...... 5’s July 1, 1944 4,721.83 10,000.00 Western Telephone & Telegraph Co. Coll. Tr...... 5’s Jan. 1, 1932 10,203.80 5,000.00 Western Union Telegraph Co. Fund­ ing & R.E. Mtg...... 42’s May 1, 1950 5,117.67 $90,442.38 DISTRICT, GOVERNMENT, MUNICIPAL AND STATE BONDS Par Value Market Value $2,000.00 Borough of Aldan, State of Penna. 4’s May 1 1923 $1,907.14 1,500.00 Anglo-French 5 Yr. External Loan 5’s Oct. 15 1920 1,500.00 4,000.00 Town of Arlington, Comm, of Mass. High School Loan of 1914...... 4 j’s Nov. 1 1925 4,000.00- 2,000.00 City of Beverly, Comm, of Maas. Water Loan Act of 1913...... 4’s Apr. 1 1926 1,950.00 2,000.00 City of Beverly, Comm, of Mass. Water Loan Act of 1913...... 4’s Apr. 1 1927 1,948.55 2,000.00 City of Boston, Rapid Transit Loan, East Boston Tunnel Ext...... 4’s July 1 1959 1,863.50 2,000.00 City of Boston, Rapid Transit Loan, Dorchester Tunnel Loan...... 4’s Julj 1 1959 1,863.5a 1,000.00 City of Boston, Boston Tunnel and Subway Loan...... 4’s June 1 1948 942.07 5,000.00 City of Chester, State of Penna. 3J’s July 1 1929 4,460.00 10,000.00 4|’s Dec. 1 1935 10,207.41 10,000.00 5’s March 1 1936 10,743.26 10,000.00 City of Detroit, Water Bond...... 4’s March 1 1944 9,930.08 25,000.00 Government of the Dominion of Canada ...... 5’s Apr. 1 1926 24,820.56 2,000.00 City of Flint, Street Improvement Bond ...... 4 J’s Apr. 1 1938 2,046.06 3,000.00 City of Flint, Street Improvement Bond ...... 4J’s Apr. 1 1939 3,071.58 3,000.00 City of Flint, Street Improvement Bond ...... 4J’s Apr. 1 1940 '3,074.06 1,000.00 City of Fljnt, Sewer Bond...... 4J’ s Apr. 1 1939 1,023.9a 1,000.00 City of Flint, Sewer Bond...... 4 J’s Apr. 1 1940 1,024.70 5,000.00 State of Maryland, State Roads Loan of 1914...... 4’s Feb. 1 1929 4,986.52 10,000.00 Commonwealth of Mass. Charles River Basin Loan...... 3J’ s Jan. 1 1945 9,201.35 4,000.00 Commonwealth of Mass. Development of the Port of Boston...... 4’8 Aug. 1 1925 3,933.33 1,000.00 Town of Medway, Comm, of Mass. Water Loan ...... 4’s Nov. 1 1921 1,000.00 5,000.00 5’s Nov. 1 1930 5,008.86 5,000.00 5’s Nov. 1 1930 5,027.09^ 5,000.00 City of Montreal...... 5’s May 1 1936 5,055.73 10,000.00 State of New York, Loan for Canal Improvement, Erie, Oswego and Champlain ...... 4J’s Jan. 1 1964 10,871.05’ 1,000.00 State of New York, Loan for High­ way Improvement...... 4J’s Sept. 1 1963 1,000.00 5,000.00 Province of Nova Scotia, Dominion of Canada, Debenture...... 5’s Jan. 1 1926 5,028.71 5,000.00 Province of Ontario, Debenture.. . . 5’s Dec. 1 1926 5,000.00 1920] GENERAL INVESTMENTS 213

Par Value Market Value 2.000.00 City of Paris, Municipal Exterior Loan of 1916 ...... 6* s Oct. 15 1921 1,995.54 2.000.00 City of Philadelphia, Loan of 1909 4*s July 1 1939 1,924.00 4.000.00 City of Philadelphia, Loan of 1902 3£’ s July 1 1932 3,446.16 9.800.00 City of Philadelphia, Loan of 1898, Series N ...... 3’s Dec. 31 1921 9,653.00 10.000.00 Province of Quebec, Debenture...... 5’s June 1 1926 10,044.30 5.000.00 Province of Quebec, Debenture...... 5’s June 1 1926 5,051.28 2.000.00 City of Salem, Comm, of Mass. Loan Act of 1914...... 4^’s Aug. 1 1926 2,000.00 2.000.00 City of Salem, Comm, of Mass. Loan Act of 1914...... 4£’s Aug. 1 1927 2,000.00 1.000.00 City of Salem, Comm, of Mass. Loan Act of 1914...... 4 j’s Aug. 1 1928 1.000.00 10.000.00 City of Toledo, Refunding...... 4iTs March 1 1923 10,130.45 5.000.00 Toronto Harbour Commissioners, 4tli Series ...... 4j*s Sept. 1 1953 4,621.37 20.000.00 Government of of Great Britain & Ireland, 20 Yr. 5£’s Feb. 1 1937 20,178.33 10.000.00 State of Utah, Capitol Building...... 4J’s Apr. 1 1935 40,302.81 5.000.00 City of Winnipeg, Debenture...... 5’s Aug. 1 1926 4,985.23 1.000.00 City of Worcester, Serial City Loan No. 35 St. Construction Land Dam­ ages ...... 4's Jan. 1 1924 985.00 3.000.00 City of Worcester, Serial City Loan # 37 Schoolhouses...... 4’s Jan. 1 1924 2,955.00 5.000.00 City of Worcester, Serial City Loan # 34, Permanent Paving...... 4’s Jan. 1 1924 4,925.00 3.500.00 City of Worcester, Serial Sewer Loan # 31, Outfall Sewer...... 4’s Jan. 1 1923 3,453.33 500.00 City of Worcester, Serial Sewer Loan # 32, Construction of Sew- 4’s Jan. 1 1923 493.33 5.000.00 City of Worcester, Act of 1914, Serial # 38, Water Loan...... 4’s Jan. 1 1924 4,925.00 500.00 City of Worcester, Act of 1914. Serial # 27, Water Loan...... 4’S July 1 1926 487.14 4.500.00 City of Worcester, Acts of 1912, Serial # 28, Water Scrip...... 4’s July 1 1926 4,384.33 1.000.00 City of Worcester, Acts of 1912, Serial # 41, Water Scrip...... 4’s Jan. 1 1929 964.44 $253,393.95 UNITED STATES LIBERTY BONDS :par Value B ook Value 400.00 United States of America, 1st. Lib- erty Loan.. 3 i’s June 15, 1932-47 400.00 100.00 United States of America, 1st Lib- erty Loan.. 4’s June 15, 1932-47 100.00 300.00 United States of America, 1st Lib- erty L oan.. 4’s June 15, 1932-47 300.00 150.00 United States of America, 1st. Lib- erty Loan.. 41’s June 15, 1932-47 150.00 400.00 United States of America, 1st. Lib- erty 4l’s June 15, 1932—47 400.00 500.00 United States of America, 1st Lib- erty L oan.. 41’s June 15, 1932-47 500.00 2,000.00 United States of America, 1st. Lib- erty 41*8 June 15, 1932-4-7 2,000.00 50.00 United States of America, 2nd. Lib- erty 4’s N ov. 15, 1927-42 50.C.U 800.00 United States of America, 2nd. Lib- erty Loan.. 4’s N ov. 15, 1927—42 800.00 4,000.00 United States of America, 2nd. Lib- erty Loan.. 4’s N ov. 15, 1927-42 4,000.00 500.00 United States of Amcrica, 2nd. Lib- erty Loan.. 41’s N ov. 15, 1927—42 500.00 3,000.00 United States of America, 2nd. Lib- erty Loan.. 41’a N ov. 15, 1927-42 3,000.00 2,500.00 United States of America, 2nd. Lib- erty Loan. . 41’s Nov. 15, 1927-42 2,500.00 .5,000.00 United States of America, '2nd. Li'b- erty 4i’s Nov. 15, 1927-42 5,000:00 214 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

Par Value Market Value 5,000.00 United States of America, 2nd. Lib- erty Loan.. 41’s Nov. 15, 1927-42 5,000.00 14,000.00 United States of America, 2nd. Lib- erty Loan.. 4 l’s Nov. 15, 1927-42 14,000.00 1,000.00 United States of America, 2nd". Lib- erty L oan.. 4 l’s Nov. 15, 3927—42 1,000.00 5,000.00 United States of America, 2nd. Lib- erty Loan , 41’s Nov. 15, 1927-42 5,000.00 10,000.00 United States of America, 2nd. Lib- erty L oan .. 41’s Nov. 15, 1927-42 10,000.00: 100.00 United States of America, 3rd. Lib- erty L oa n .. 41’s Sept IS, 1928 ■ 100.00 200.00 United States of America, 3rd. Lib- erty L oan.. 41’s Sept. 15, 1928 200.00 2,009.00 United States of America, 3rd. Lib- erty Loan.. 41’s Sept. 15, 1928 2,000.00 20,000.00 United States of America, 3rd. Lib- erty Loan., 41’s Sept. 15, 1928 20,000.00- 20,000.00 United States of America, 3rd. Lib- erty Loan 41’s Sept 15, 1928 20,000.00 500.00United States of America, 3rd. Lib- erty Loan 41’s Sept. 15, 1928 500.00 200.00 United States of America, 3rd. Lib- erty Loan 41’s Sept 15, 1928 200.00* 1,550.00 United States of America, 4th. Lib- erty L oan .. 41’s Oct. 15, 1933--38 1,550.00 1,000.00 United States of America, 4th. Lib- erty L oan.. 41’s Oct. 15, 1933--38 1,000.00 2,900.00 United States of America, 4th. ‘ Lib- erty L oan .. 41’s Oct. 15, 1-933--38 2,900.00 2,400.00 United States of America, 4 th. Lib- erty L oan .. 41’s Oct. 15, 1933--38 2,400.00 4,500.00 United States of America, 4 th. Lib- erty Loan 4 l’s Oct. 15, 1933--38 4,500.00 10,000.00 United States of America, 4th. Lib- erty Loan. . 4l’s Oct. 15, 1933--38 10,000.00' 22,000.00 United States of America, 4th. Lib- erty Loan.. 41’s Oct. 15, 1933--38 22,000.00 10,000.00 United States of America, 4th. Lib- erty Loan. . 4Vs Oct. 15, 1933--38 9,428.80 SO,000.00 United States of America, 4th. Lib- erty Loan. . 4 i’s Oct. 15, 1933--38 30,000.00 10,000.00 United States of America, 4th. Lib- erty Loan.. 41’s Oct. 15, 1933--38 9,428.80 50.00 United States of America, 4th. ‘ Lib- erty L oan ., 41’s Oct. 15, 1933--38 50.00 100.00 United States of America, 4th. Lib- erty Loan. . 41’s Oct. 15, 1933--38 100.00 500.00 United States of America, 4th. Lib- erty L oan.. 41’s Oct. 15, 1933--38 500.00 1,000.00 United States of America, 4th. ‘ Lib- erty L oan., 41’s Oct. 15, 1933--38 1,000.00 250.00 United States of America, Victory Liberty Loan. 41’s May 20, 1923 250.00 2,400.00 United States of America, Victory Liberty Loan. 4 i’s May 20, 1923 2,400.00 2,000.00 United States; of America, Victory Liberty Loan. 4|’s May 20, 1923 2,000.00 6,000.00 United Statesi of America, Victory Liberty Loan. 4|’s May 20, 1923 6,000.00 1,000.00 United States War Savings Stamps Jan. 1, 1923 851.32 $204,058.92 SUNDRY BONDS Par Value Market Value $ 500.00 Berkshire Hills Paper Co., 1st. Mtg. 6’s March 1, 1933 $ 450.00 1.000.00 Iowa Loan & Trust Co., Debenture Series 109...... 5’s Jan. 1, 1921 1,000.00 300.00 Iowa Loan & Trust Co., Debenture Series 112...... 5's July 1, 1921 300.00' 1.000.00 Iowa Loan »» Trust Co., Debenture Series 125...... 5’fi March 1, 1923-28 1,000.00 4.000.00 Iowa Loan & Trust Co., Debenture Series 125...... 5’s March 1. 1923-28 3,955.00 1920] GEM ERAL INVESTMENTS 215

Par Value Market Value 1,000.00 Iowa Loan & Trust Co.,, Debenture Series 126 ...... 5’s Apr. 1, 1924-29 1,000.00 1,000.00 Iowa Loan & Trust Co.,, Debenture 5’s Apr. 1, 1924-29 1,000.00 30,000.00 Iowa Loan & Trust Co.,, Debenture Series 126...... 5’s Apr. 1, 1924-29 30,000.00 4,000.00 Iowa Loan & Trust Co. , Debenture Series 126...... 5’s Apr. 1, 1924-29 4,000.00 5,000.00 Swift & Company, 1st. Mtg. Sink- ing Fd...... 5’s July 1, 1944 5,074.89 $47,779.89 MORTGAGES In various States ...... $233,277.76 STOCKS Shares 1 Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Ry. Pfd...... $78.00 100 Atchison, Topeka & Sjyita Fe Ry. P fd ...... 7,826.10 21 Chicago, Indianapolis & Louisville Ry. Co. Pfd...... 1,050.00 5 Converse Rubber Shoe Co. Pfd...... '...... 500.00 S Delaware Water Co. Pfd. Capital...... 475.00 2 Eastern Plantation Co...... 1,000.00 931 Lumber Exchange Co...... 6,000.00 10 Ninth Avenue Railroad...... 1,000.00 100 Southern Railway Co...... 8,000.00 $23,929.10 NOTES RECEIVABLE Kansas Baptist Convention ...... $2,500.00 MISCELLANEOUS Fidelity Savings and Loan Association, Certificate of Stock $1,000.00 Fidelity Savings and Loan Association, Certificate of Stock 2,000.00 Fidelity Savings and Loan Association, Time Deposit, Jan. 1, 1927 _ ...... 300.00 Fidelity Savings and Loan Association, Time Deposit . . . . 400.00 First Mortgage Real Estate Notes of Indiana Daily Times Co., Dec. 20, 1928 ...... 5,000.00 First Mortgage Real Estate' Notes of Indiana Daily Times Co., Dec. 20, 1920 ...... 500.00 First Mortgage Real Estate Notes of Indiana Daily Times Co., Dec. 20, 1928 ...... 6,000.00 First Mortgage Real Estate Notes of Indiana Daily Times Co., Dec. 20, 1923 ...... 500.00 Pacific Mutual Life Insurance Co. of California ...... 339.05 $16,039.05 REAL ESTATE In various States $221,521.07

SUMMARY OF GENERAL INVESTMENT OF ANNUITY FUNDS Bonds: Railroad ...... $327,625.58 Traction ...... 73,103.75 Electric Gas and Water ...... 130,823.97 Telephone and Telegraph ...... 90,442.38 District, Government, Municipal and State ...... 253,393.95 United States Liberty Bonds ...... 204.058.92 Sundry ...... 47,779.89 $1,127,228.44 Notes secured by real estate, mortgages and trust deeds ...... 233,277.76 Stocks ...... - ...... 25,929.10 Notes Receivable ...... 2,500.00 Miscellaneous ...... 16,039.05 Real Estate ...... 221,521.07 $1,626,495.42 216 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

SCHEDULE VIII COMPARATIVE SUMMARY OF RECEIPTS

1918-1919 1919-1920 Sources Outside Donations: Annuity Agreements Matured.. $31,545.90 $20,000.00 Income from Investments of Permanent and Temporary Funds ...... $77,761.31 $129,131.10 Special credits to income...... 73.36 56.25 77,834.67 129,187.35 Less special charges to income 849.63 76,985.04 555.85 128,631.50 Legacies ...... 100,000.06 110,000.00 Sales of Property ...... 1,716.82 Rent on field, etc...... •...... 1,388.23 2,253.13 Transferred from Temporary Funds ...... 11,347.38 Balance from Victory Campaign 16,843.87 Miscellaneous ...... 63.16 $211,635.99 $289,139.04 Regular Donations: From Individuals ...... $58,742.91 $190,147.87 From Churches, Young People’s Societies, Sunday Schools... 556,374.02 330,990.17 Board of Promotion ...... :----- 615,116.93 286,139.68 807,277.72 826,752.92 1,096,416.76 Specific Donations: ...... 87,144.64 439,236.97 “ “ Victory Campaign 148,648.10 587,885.07 913,897.56 1,684,301.83 Transfer from Property Reserve 23,567.84 Total Income — Regular and Specific Budget ...... 937,465.40 1,684,301.83 Deficit ...... 446,318.21 808,023.23 $1,383,783.61 12,492,325.06 REPORT OF TREASURES 217

SCHEDULE IX COMPARATIVE SUMMARY OF PAYMENTS

1918-1919 1919-1920 Foreign Field Appropriations: Field salaries of m issionaries.... $271,769.42 $322,664.19 Salaries of missionaries on fur­ lough ...... 113,065.58 • 144,645.74 Passages of missionaries to and from field ...... 84,428.10 75,128.85 Work of missionaries and native agencies ...... 226,150.36 350,308.76 Care of property, rent, repairs, etc...... 36,286.79 35,828.66 Work and workers in Europe.. 16,351.00 41,524.39 Reconstruction work in Europe 110,753.61 Retired missionaries and widows 27,488.40 33,471.24 New appointees ...... 23,258.91 75,231.20 Education of Oriental Students in America ...... 4,350.00 9,500.00 New Buildings, additions, land, etc...... 181,220.40 225,394.07 Homes for missionaries and missionaries’ children ...... 14,773.93 21,995.86 Foreign Missions Conference .. 1,860.66 2,000.00 Missions, Handbooks, and other literature sent to missionaries 438.24 718.41 Secretary’s visit to foreign field add’tl ...... 3,362.17 1,045.93 Exchange ...... 127,169.24 $1,131,973.20 250,016.00 $1,700,226.91 Less cancellations in previous budgets ...... 1,066.58 $1,699,160.33 Specific Donations: Received in America— Contra.. 87,226.81 587,905.07 Home Expenditures': Foreign Department Adminis­ tration ...... 28,556.26 46,945.52 Home Department Administra­ tion ...... 23,227.26 25,717.50 Promotion of Interest and Beneficence ...... 69,635.91 63,913.25 Treasury Department Admin­ istration ...... 23,189.72 38,140.02 144,609.18 174,716.29 Expenses of Secretary and Treasurer of General Con­ ference of Free Baptists...... 190.18 165.36 Interest ...... 1,662.34 13,778.01 Northern Baptist Convention.. 8,876.00 Moving expenses to New York • 14,000.00 Retired officers and workers... 2,700.00 158,037.70 2,600.00 205,259.66 Total Budget Outgo ...... $1,377,237.71 $2,492,325.06 Reserve for the Equalization of Income from Matured An­ nuities ...... 6,545.90 Total O u tg o ...... $1,383,783.61 . $2,492,325.06 218 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

SCHEDULE X COMPARATIVE SUMMARIES OF REVENUE STATEMENTS 1918-19 AND THE 13 MONTHS'

1 . 2 3 POE BUDGET PURPOSES For Permanent Endowment General Specific

13 Mob. 13 Mos, 13 Mos. 1918-19 1918-19 1918-19 1919-20 1919-20 1910 (a) Churches, S.S..T.P.S., etc... $556,374.02 8617,129.85 *$87,144.64 *$504,885.07 (b) Individuals...... 58,742.91 190,147.87 $76,633.72 $1,052,651.01

(c) Legacies...... 100.000.00 110,000.00 83,000.00

(d) Annuity Agreements Ma­ tured ...... 31,545.90 20,000.00 (e) Income invested Perm. & Temp. Funds...... 76,985.04 128,631.50 (f) All other sources...... 26,672.89 30,507.54 Totals $850,320.76 $1,096,416.76 $87,144.64 $587,885.07 $76,633.72 $1,052,651.01

•Not classified into a and b. Reserve for Equalization of Income Fond Legacies. { « •• •» » •* h Matured Seeuritici. REPORT OF TREASURER 2 1 9

SCHEDULE X HD OTHER RECEIPTS FOR THE FISCAL YEAR eRIOD ENDED APRIL 30, 1920

6 1

For Annuity For Special Trust For designated gifts Grand Totals Agreements Agreements for future use

13 Mos. 18 Mos. 18 Mos. _ 1918-19 1918-19 1918-19 1919-20 1918-19 1919-20 1919-20 1919-20 1— $643,518.66 $1,122,014.92 ja;,ooi.2Q $266,388.70 $14,310.96 $7,210.00 $247,114.20 $1,909,836.91 613,802.99 3,426,234.52 j 29,592.87 1 5,325.29 1210,680.19 184,918.16 403,630.19

t22,901.96 31,545.90 42,901.96

76,985.04 128,631.50 26,672.89 30.507.54 '©7,001.20 $266,388.70 S14.310.96 $7,210.00 $282,032.36 $2,143,369.09 $1,527,448.64 35,153,920.63 220 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

SCHEDULE XI RECEIPTS FROM SUNDAY SCHOOLS Note.— Contributions received from Sunday schools are put into a common fund, which is divided equally between the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society and the Woman’s American Baptist Foreign Mission Society. The Sunday School Co-operating Committee represents the two societies in the adjustment of Sunday school receipts. It is believed that our Sunday Schools contribute much larger sums than the totals below indicate. The contribution of a church often includes. that of the Sunday school. It would greatly aid in making this report accurate if those who- send contributions from churches would indicate what amounts are from the Sunday schooL Yr. ending Yr. ending Yr. ending Yr. ending 7 mo. end’g Sept. 30, Sept. 30, Sept. 30, Sept. 30, April 30, 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 583.20 474.42 555.28 108.76. New Hampshire ...... 491.38 525.58 375.13 290.10 88.00- Vermont ...... 324.77 229.76 74.40 139.81 Massachusetts ...... 3,019.50 3,377.71 2,526.09 2,308.35 967.63 Rhode Island _ ...... 698.34 439.82 397.79 142.50- 964.23 976.24 772.66 187.72 New York ...... 5,735.80 5,577.25 4,826.98 5,598.17 2,169.57 New Jersey ...... 2,360.50 3,099.53 2,581.91 2,383.04 681.00 Pennsylvania ...... 3,897.12 3,611.41 2,950.04 3,808.28 1,002.94 Delaware ...... 49.10 52.34 44.74 . 21.50 27.25 District of Columbia .. 376.42 475.11 500.74 382.33 149.94 2,702.44 2,153,53 1,812.67 1,275.14 198.61 . .... 328.20 ... 262.Q0 ____ 116.00 15.001 Iowa ...... 1,312.00 1,086.19 800.32 666.97 229.74 Michigan ...... 360.86 226.57 180.39 226.44 84.00 971.93 759.45 972.81 145.71 561.05 219.79 478.11 68.88 37.02 21.96 30.85 47.18 37.55 South Dakota ...... 283.33 li77.90 97.00 215.47 80.00 Ohio ...... 2,599.53 2,868.62 3,355.36 3,243.22 1,226.88 419.69 201.99 609.51 64.91 577.58 293.46 173.98 23.70 Kansas ...... 1,039.68 709.90 1,156.08 442.19 323.93 278.39 643.46 72.90 Idaho ...... 64.54 48.05 145.34 123.97 Washington ...... 625.47 521.54 564.36 449.99 39.02 Oregon ...... 621.78 351.39 484.56 629.98 123.00 California ...... 1,032.32 1,319.87 1,135.65 204.75 156.29 145.54 105.51 2.00 Montana ...... 115.55 72.21 34.81 15.00 Arizona ...... 25.52 29.78 77.28 17.39 5.00 Utah ...... 76.15 71.52 92.00 112.33 60.30 West Virginia ...... 527.69 607.80 1,068.95 142.71 Nevada ...... 400.14 21.20 32.85 2.79 Miscellaneous ...... 29.35 568.65 15.30 30.62 47.00. Total ...... $33,790.70 $28,225.25 $30,245.10 $8,980.92’ 1920] REPORT OF TREASURER 221

SCHEDULE XII COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF APPROVED BUDGET FOR 1919-1920 W ITH THE ACTUAL RECEIPTS 1919-1920 INCOME Sources Outside of Donations: Approved Actual 1919-1920 1919-1920 Income from Permanent Funds $80,000 $128,631.50 Annuity agreements matured . . 20,000 20,000.00 Legacies ...... 110,008 110,000.00 Transferred from Temporary Funds ...... 11,347.38 Balance from Victory Campaign 16,843.87 Rent of Houses on field, etc...... 2,000 2,316.29 $212,000 $289,139.04 Regular Donations: Individuals ...... $613,573 $190,147.87 Churches, Y. P. Societies & S. S. 800,000 330,990.17 Board of Promotion ...... 286,139.68 1,413,573 807,277.72 Total income for regular budget $1,625,573 $1,096,416.76 Specific Donations: Specific donations ...... 550,000 439,236.97 Specific Victory Campaign 1918— 1919 ...... 465,000 148,648. iO Total Specific ...... 1,015,000 587,885.07 Total Income for regular and specific budgets ...... 2,640,573 1,684,301-83 Deficit for the year ...... 808,023.23 $2,640,573 - $2,492,325.06 Proportion N. B. C. . . . ’...... 16,199 $2,656,772 $2,492,325.06

OUTGO Home Expenditures: Foreign Department Administra­ tion ...... $32,456 $46,945.52 Home Department Administra­ tion ...... 26,332 25,717.50 Promotion of Interest and Beneficence ...... 90,250 63,913.25 Treasury Department Adminis­ tration ...... 25,577 38,140.02 Interest ...... 3,000 13,778.01 N. Baptist Convention ...... Retireq officers and workers .. 2,400 2,600.00 Share Sec’y and Treas. Free Baptists ...... 500 165.36 Removal Expenses to New York ' 14,000.00 Total Home Expenditures . . . . $180,515 $205,259.66 Reserve Fund ...... 150,000 Proportion N. B. Convention Budget ...... 16,199 166,199 ""T"' $346,714 $205,259.66 222 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

Foreign Field Appropriations: Field Salaries of Missionaries. . $280,000 322,644.19 Additional for Exchange ...... 84,000 139,834.00 Home Salaries of Missionaries.. 102,000 144,645.74 Passages of Missionaries ...... 60,000 75,128.85 Work of Miss. & Native Agents 252,000 350,308.76 Additional for Exchange ...... 55,500 90,405.00 Care of Property ...... 33,000 35,828.66 Additional for Exchange ...... 7,300 10,947.00 Work & Workers in E u rop e.... 15,558 41,524.39 Reconstruction & New Work in Europe ...... 125,000 110,735.61 Retired Missionaries & Widows 27,000 33,471.24 New Appointees ...... 80,000 75,231.20 Additional for Exchange ...... 8,830.00 Oriental Students in America 5,000 9,500.00 Buildings & Equipment ...... 150,006 21,995.86 Homes for Miss. Miss, chil­ dren ...... 12,000 225,394.07 Foreign Missions Conference .. 2,000 2,000.00 “ Missions” etc. sent to mis­ sionaries ...... 700 718.41 Secretary's visit to field ...... 4,000 1,045.93 Exchange ...... 146,800 250,016.00 Total ...... $1,295,058 $1,700,226.91 Less cancellations previous bud­ gets ...... 1,066.58 $1,295,058 $1,699,160.33 Specific gifts in America ...... 1,015,000 587,905.07 $2,310,058 $2,287,065.40 Total Outgo ...... $2,656,772 $2,492,325.06

SCHEDULE XIII THE BUDGET FOR 1920-1921 COMPARED WITH THE BUDGET FOR 1919-1920

INCOME

Sources Outside Donations 1919-1920 1920-1921 Income from investments ...... $80,000.00 $137,000.00 Annuity Account ...... 20,000.00 20,000.00 Legacies ...... 110,000.00 115,000.00 Income from other sources ...... 2,000.00 2,000.00 Total income from all sources outside donations.. $212,000.00 $274,000.00 Donations Regular Individuals ...... $613,573.00 $624,719.00 From churches, Sunday schools and young people’s societies ...... 800,000.00 862,568.00 Total receipts from donations ...... 1,413,573.00 1,487,287.00 Regular budget receipts ...... *...... $1,625,573.00 $1,761,287.00 Specifics Received in America * For property ...... $500,000.00 $500,000.00 For general work ...... 10,000.00 10,000.00 For relief work ...... 10,000.00 10,000.00 Specifics Received on the Field ...... 30,000.00 30,000.00 $550,000.00 $550,000.00 1920] REPORT OF TREASURER 223

Specifics Victory Campaign, 1918-1919 ...... 465,000.00 Total specifics ...... $1,015,000.00 $550,000.00 Total receipts regular and specific ...... $2,640.5/3.00 $2,311,287.00 Proportion of Northern Baptist Convention B ud get.... 16,199.00 Total Income ...... $2,656,772.00 $2,3] 3,287.00

OUTGO

Foreign Field Appropriations 1919-1920 1920-1921 Field salaries of missionaries ...... $280,000.00 $355,000.00 Salaries of missionaries on furlough ...... 102,000.00 120,000.00 Passages of missionaries to and from field ...... 60,000.00 60,000.00 Work of missionaries and native agencies ...... 252,000.00 282.000.00 Care of property, rent, repairs, etc...... 33,000.00 38,000.00 Work and workers in Europe ...... 15,558.00 50,000.00 Reconstruction and new work in Europe ...... 125,000.00 100.000.00 Retired missionaries and widows ...... 27,000.00 31,000.00 New appointees (salaries, outfit, passages, e tc.).. 80,000.00 90,000.00 Oriental students in U. S...... 5,000.00 10,000.00 Building fund (land, new buildings, etc.) ...... 150,000.00 150,000.00 Home for missionaries and missionaries’ children.. 12,000.00 12,000.00 Foreign Missions Conference ...... 2,000.00 2,000.00 “ Missions” and other literature sent to missionaries 700.00 700.00 Secretary’s visit to field ...... 4,000.00 7,000.00 Exchange ...... 146,800.00 171,800.00 $1,295,058.00 $1,479,500.00 Less cancellation in previous budgets ...... 15,000.00 15,000.00 $1,280,058.00 $1,464,500.00 Additions in previous budgets ...... 15,000.00 15,000.00 Total for foreign field appropriations ...... $1,295,058.00 $1,479,500.00 Home Expenditures Foreign Department Administration ...... $32,456.00 $42,051.00 Home Department Administration ...... 26,332.00 33,966.00 Promotion of Interest and Beneficence ...... 90,250.00 Treasury Department Administration ...... 25,577.00 31,54(1.00 Interest ...... 3,000.00 3,000.00 Retired officers and workers ...... 2,400.00 2,400.00 Moving expenses to New York ...... 40,000.00 Secretary and Treasurer General Conference of Free Baptists ...... 500.00 500.00 Total for Home Expenditures ...... $180,51^.00 $153,463.00 Reserve for Contingencies ...... 150,000.00 128,324.00 Proportion of Northern Baptist Convention B ud get.... 16,199.00 Total Outgo Regular Operating Budget ...... $1,641,772.00 $1,761,287.00 Specifics Received in America For property ...... $500,000.00 $500,000.00 For general work ...... 10,000.00 10,000.00 For relief work ...... 10,000.00 10,000.00 Specifics Received on Field ...... 30,000.00 30,000.00 Total specifics ...... $550,000.00 $550,000.00 Additional Specifics brought over from 1918-1919 Budget 465,000.00 Total Outgo Regular Operating and Specific Budgets $2,656,772.00 $2,311,287.00 224 am ;;ricax uaptist foreign mission society [Report

SCHEDULE XIV COMPLETE STATEMENT OF THE VICTORY CAMPAIGN RECEIPTS Receipts from April 1, 1918 to March 31, 1919 Income from Investments of Permanent and Temporary Funds ...... $45,769.28 Income from Specified Investments of Per­ manent Funds ...... 31,305.30 Income from Specified Investments of Tempo­ rary F un ds...... ,••••...... 38.12 Income from Investments of Special Funds . . . . 648.61 Special Credits to Income ...... 73.36 $77,834.67 Less Sj>ecial Charges against Income ...... 849.63 $76,985.04 Annuity Agreements Matured ...... 31,545.90 Legacies ...... 100,000.00 Sales of Property ...... 1,716.82 Rent of Homes, Receipts from Field, etc. . . . . 1,388.23 $211,635.99 Regular Donations: From Individuals ...... $58,742.91 From Churches. Young Peoples’ Societies and Sunday Schools ...... $670,732.74 Less Donation Division, United Appor­ tionment Plan ...... 114,358.72 556,374.02 615,116.93 $826,752.92 Specific Donations ...... 41,279.18 Total Receipts to March 31, 1919 ...... $868,032.10 Receipts from April 1, 1919 to April 30, 1920 Direct Receipts, Regular and Specific Dona­ tions ...... : ------$109,131.62 Transferred from Legacy Equalization Re­ serve ...... 29,592.87 Received but not Appropriated ...... 12,500.00 Received from National Committee of Northern Baptist Laymen—Cash aud Bonds ...... 506,537.00 Total Income Received on Victory Campaign $1,525,793.60 Total Approved Budget in Victory Campaign $1,637,273.00

SCHEDULE XV STATEMENT SHOWING DISPOSITION OF VICTORY CAMPAIGN RECEIPTS Total Income Received Applying AgainBt Victory Campaign ...... $1,525,793,60 Regular Budget 1918-1919 ...... $826,752.92 Specific Budget 1918-1919 ...... 41,279.18 $868,032.10 Specific Budget 1919-1920 Designated Funds Received Direct . . . . $60,423.64 Designated Funds Received through Na­ tional Committee of Northern Baptist Laymen ...... 21,771.55 Undesignated Funds appropriated for Spe­ cific Objects ...... 99,078.23 Designated for Permanent Funds ...... 826.00 Item Received but not Appropriated . . . . 12,500.00 Cancellation of Deficit 1918-1919 ___ 446,318.21 640.917.63 1,508,949.73 Balance transferred to Revenue 1919—1920 $16,843.87

G eokob B . H u n t in g t o n , Trea-urer. MISCELLANEOUS

FIELDS AND STATIONS With the names of missionaries assigned to each Reference signs used in- the list: * Representing the Woman’s American Baptist Foreign Mission Society. ^Serving without full missionary appointment. ‘ ’‘ Representing the Mennonite Brethren of South Russia. fSupported by Norwegian Baptist Conference. {Supported by Swedish Baptist Conference. The key to the pronounciation of the names of stations given in these tables is that used in tile latent edition of Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary.

I. THE BURMA MISSION Begun 1814. Area, 236,73S Square Miles. Population, 12,141,676 1. RANGOON (Ran-goon) 1813 Work Among English-Speaking Peoples (See footnote) V. W. Dyer Mrs. V. W. Dyer Judson College David Gilmore. D.D., Principal Mrs. David Gilmore INSEIN (In-sane) 1889 Wallace St. John, Ph.D. Mrs. Wallace St. John Karen Theological Seminar H. E. Safford, M.A. D. A. W. Smith, D J President Mrs. H. E. Safford Emeritus R. L. Howard, M.A. W. F. Thomas, D.D., President Mrs. R. L. Howard Mrs. W. F. Thomas C. E. Van Horn Miss Anna H. Smith Mrs. C. E. VanHorn C. H. Whitnah. M.A. Burman Theological Seminary Mrs. C. H. Whitnah John McGuire, D.D., President Gordon Jury, M.A. J. C. Richardson, Ph.D. Mrs. Gordon Jury *Miss Helen K. Hunt Burmese Woman’s Bible School *Miss Harriet Phinney Rangoon Baptist Schools *Miss Ruth W. Ranney L. W. Hattersley, A.B., Principal Mrs. L. W. Hattersley Field Secretary for Burma Baptist Mission Press W. E. Wiatt F. D. Phinney Mrs. W. E. Wiatt Mrs. F. D. Phinney J. L. Snyder S. E. Miner _ 3. MOULMEIN (Mall-mane) 1827 Mrs. S. E. Miner Miss Olive A. Hastings Work for Burmans E. W. Kelly, Ph.D. Work for Burmans *Miss Lizbeth B. Hughes H. H. Tilbe, Ph.D. *Miss Mildred Mosier Mrs. H. H. Tilbe *Miss Selma M. Maxville *Miss Lillian Eastman (at Kemen- \Miss Martha J. Gifford. M.D. dine) (Ellen Mitchell Hospital' *Miss Hattie M. Price (at Kemen- ’ Miss Ethel L. Hunt dine) ■*Miss Mary E. Phillips Work for Karens Walter Bushell Work for Karens 'Miss Esther W. Lindberg A. E. Seagrave Mrs. A. E. Seagrave Work for Talains Mrs. Mary M. Rose A. C. Darrow *Miss Rachel II. Seagrave Mrs. A. C. Darrow Work for Peoples from Peninsular India Work for Peoples from Peninsular India W. JL Duff (In charge of W. H. Duff, at Mrs. W. H. Duff Rangoon) Note.— Work was begun in Rangoon in 1813 by Rev. Adoniratn Judson, although tlu- American Baptist Foreign Mission Society (at first known as “ The General Missionary Convention of the Baptist Denomination in the United States of America for Foreign Missions” ) was not organized until 1814. O T 7 228 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

W «rk Among English-Speaking Peoples 11. ZIGON (Zee-gon) 1876 Ernest Grigg Mrs. Ernest Grigg Work for Burmans “ Miss Annie L. Prince (In charge of E. B. Roach, at *Miss Helen M. Good Prome) 4. TAVOY (Ta-voy') 1828 12. B H A M O .(B am o’) 18 77 Work for Burmans Work for Kachins M. L. Streeter H. W. Smith Mrs. M. L. Streeter Mrs. H. W. Smith Work for Karens W ork for Burmans and Shans Rev. B. P. Cross Mrs. L. H. Mosier Mrs. B. P. Cross W. D. Sutton Mrs. W. D. Sutton 13. MAUBIN (Ma-oo-bin) 1879 Work for Karens. 5. BASSEIN (Bas'-sene) 1852 C. E. Chaney Work for Burmans Mrs. C. E. Chaney O. II. Sisson *Miss Carrie E. Putnam Mrs. O. H. Sisson *Miss Carrie E. Hesseltine *Miss Frances E. Crooks 14. THATON (Tha-ton) 1880 Work for Karens C. A. Nichols, D.D. Work for Burmans Mrs. C. A. Nichols (In charge of E. W. K.elly, Ph.D., L. W. Cronkhite, D.D. at Moulmein) *Miss Clara B. Tingley *Miss Grace L. Pennington *Miss Nona G. Finney 15. M AN DALAY (Man'-da-Iay) in­ cluding MAYMYO (May-myo) 6. HENZADA (Hen-za-da) 1853 1886 Work for Burmans Work for Burmans J. E. Cummings, _ D.D. *Miss Sarah R. Slater (at Maymyo) Mrs. J. E. Cummings *Miss Alice F. Thayer *Miss Mary D. Thomas *Miss Emilie G. Lawrence Work for Karens Mandalay High School A. C. Phelps E. Tribolet *Miss Marion A. Beebe Mrs. E. Tribolet 7. TOUNGOO (Toung-oo) 1853 W ork Among English-Speaking Peoples S. E. Baldwin (at Maymyo) Work for Burmans Mrs. S. E. Baldwin (at Maymyo) L. B. Rogers Mrs. L. B. Rogers 16. THAYETMYO (Tha-yet'-myo) 1887 Work for Karens E. N. Harris Work for Chins Mrs. E. N. Harris (In charge of E. B. Roach, at A. J. Weeks Prome) Mrs. A. J. Weeks Mrs. A. V. B. Crumb Miss Harriet N. Eastman 17. MYINGYAN (Myin-gyan) 1887 *Miss Alta O. Ragon Work for Burmans 8. SHWEGYIN (Shway-jyin’) 1853 H. S. Pliilpott Mrs. H. S. Philpott Work for Karens *Miss Hattie V. Petheram (at Nyaunglebin) 18. PEGU (Pe-gu’, g is hard) 1887 *Miss_Lucy L. Austin (at Nyaung­ lebin) W ork for Burmans M. C. Parish 9. PROME (Prome) 1854 Mrs. M. C. Parish *Miss Mary L. Parish Work for Burmans E. B. Roach *Miss Bertha E. Davis 19. SAGAING (Sa-ging), g is hard, 1888 10. THONZE (Thon'-ze) 1855 Work for Burmans Work for Burmans A. C. Hanna *Miss Augusta H. Peck Mrs. A. C. Hanna 1920] FIELDS AND STATIONS 229

20. SANDOWAY (San'-do-way) 1888 31. TAUNGGYI (Toung-je') 1910 Work for Chins and Burmans W ork for Shans L. W. Spring A. II. Henderson, M.D. Mrs. L. W. Spring Mrs. A. II. Henderson *Miss Helen E. Bissell *Mrs. H. W. Mix *Miss Ina B. Fry 32. PYAPON (Pya-pone') 1911 H. TH ARRAW AD D Y (Thar-ra-wad'- di) 1889 Work for Burmans H. P. Cochrane Work for Karens Mrs. II. P. Cochrane J. Lee Lewis Mrs. J. Lee Lewis 33. MONG LEM 1919 22. MEIKTILA (Make'-tMa) 1890 Work for Shans W. M. Young Work for Burmans , Mrs. W. M. Young (In charge of A. C. Hanna, at Sagaing) AT HOME E. N. Armstrong 23. HSIPAW (Se-paw’) 1890 *Miss Kate W. Armstrong Mrs. Walter Bushell Work for Shans B. C. Case (In charge of E., Tribolet, at Mrs. B. C. Case Mandalay) C. E. Condict Mrs. C. E. Condict Mrs. J. H. Cope 24. MONGNAI (Mong-ni') 1892 R. N. Crawford Mrs. R. N. Crawford Work for Shans Mrs. L. W. Cronkhite H. C. Gibbens. M.D. A. V. B. Crumb Mrs. H. C. Gibbens R. P. Currier Mrs. R. P. Currier 25. NAMKHAM (Nam-kham') 1893 C. L. Davenport Mrs. C. L. Davenport, M.D. Work for Shans H. E. Dudley Robert Harper, M.D. Mrs. II. E. Dudley Mrs. Robert Harper *Mrs. Ida B. Elliott P. R. Hackett Work for Kachins Mrs. P. R. Hackett (In charge of Robert Harper, Ola Hanson, Litt. D. M.D.) Mrs. Ola Hanson C. H. Heptonstall Mrs. C. H. Ileptpnstall 26. M YITK Y IN A (Myit-che-ua) 1894 J. F. Ingram Work for Kachins Mrs. J. F. Ingram N. E. Woodbury *Miss C. L. Tohnson Mrs. N. E. Woodbury Mrs. E. W .' Kelly, M.D. F. H. ECnollin Mrs. F. H. Knollin 27. HAKA (Ha-ka) 1899 J. T. Latta Mrs. J. T. Latta Work for Chins *Miss Nellie E. Lucas J. H. Cope S. R. McCurdy Mrs. A. E. Carson Mrs. S. R. McCurdy Mrs. John McGuire 28. LOIKAW (Loika') 1899 H. I. Marshall Mrs. H. I. Marshall *Miss Julia E. Parrott Work for Karens *Miss V. R. Peterson Mrs. Truman Johnson Mrs. A. C. Phelps *Miss Minnie B. Pound 29. KENGTUNG (Keng-todng') 1901 ’ Miss Stella T. Ragon *Miss Mary W. Ranney Work for Shan and Hill Tribes Mrs. J. C. Richardson J. H. Telford F. K. Singiser Mrs. J. Ii. Telford Mrs. F. K. Singiser T. F. Smith 30. PYIN M AN A (Pm-ma-na) 1905 Mrs. J. F. Smith Mrs. J. L. Snyder Work for Burmans ■"Miss Margaret M. Sutherland J. Russell Case *Miss Thora M. Thompson *Miss Louise E. Tschirch *Mi ss Agnes Whitehead 230 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

II. THE ASSAM MISSION Begun 1836. Area, 61,471 Square Miles. Population, 7,059,857 34. SIBSAGOR (Sib-saw'-gor) (in­ 40. KOH IM A (Kd-he'-ma) 1879 cluding Dibrugarh) 1841 (See footnote o) Work for Nagas S. W.^Rivenburg, M.D. Work for Assamese and Immigrant Peo­ Mrs. S. W. Rivenburg ples (In charge of O. L. Swanson, at 41. NORTH LAKHIMPUR (Lak- Golaghat) im-poor') 1895. 35. NOWGONG (Nou-gong) 1841 Work for Immigrant Peoples (In charge of O. L. Swanson, at Work for Assamese and Immigrant Peo­ Golaghat) " ples W. R. Hutton Mrs. W. R. Hutton 42. KANGPOKPI formerly at *Miss Anna E. Long UKHRUL (Oo-krdol) 1896 ^Miss Florence II. Doe *Miss Edith E. Crisenberry Work for Nagas G. G. Crozier, M.D. 36. GAUHATI (Gou-hat-tT) 1843 Mrs. G. G. Crozier Work for Assamese and Garos 43. TIKA (Te'-ka) 1896 W. E. Witter. D.D. * Mrs. W. E. Witter Work for Mikirs and Immigrant Peo­ A. J. Tuttle ples • Mrs. A. J. Tuttle (In charge of O. L. Swanson, at A. J. Dahlby Golaghat) Mrs. A. J. Dahlby t^Miss Augusta M. Geisenhener 44. GOLAGHAT (Go-la-ghat') 1898 *Miss May A. Nichols Work for Assamese, Immigrant Peoples 37. GOALPARA (Go-al-para) 18 67 and Mikirs O. L. Swanson Work for Rabhas and Garos Mrs. C). L. Swanson (In charge of O. L. Swanson, at J. M. Carvell Golaghat) *Miss E. Elizabeth Vickland *Miss Ethel A. Masales 38. TURA (Too’-ra) 1876 45. JORHAT (Jor-liat') 1903 Work for Garos, Including the Garo Training School Jorhat Christian Schools—Work for Im­ M. C. MJson, D.D. migrant Peoples and Mikirs Mrs. M. C. Mason C. II. Tilden F. W. Ilarding Mrs. C. H. Tilden Mrs. F. W. Harding H. W. Kirby, M.D. J. A. Ahlquist, M.D. Mrs. II. W. Kirby Mrs. J. A . Ahlquist C\ E. Blanc *Miss Ella C. Bond Mrs. C. E. Blanc *Miss Linnie M. Holbrook Miss Ella D. Cheeseman *Miss Charlotte A. Wright 46. SAD IYA (Sa'-de-ya) 1906 (See 39. IMPUR (Im-poor') 1893 (See footnote c) footnote b) Work for Abors and Miris Work for Nagas, Including the Naga Training School AT HOME W. F. Dowd S. A. D. Boggs Mrs. W. F. Dowd Mrs. S. A. I). Boggs R. B. Longwell A. C. Bowers Mrs. R. B. Longwell Mrs. A. C. Bowers T. R. Bailey, M.D. Mrs. J. M. Carvell 'Mrs. J. P.. Bailey William Dring *Miss E. May Stevenson Mrs. William Dring *Miss Edna M. Stever (language John Firth study) Mrs. John Firth Note, a—The first station opened in Assam was Sadiya (1836). This was given up in 1839 being reopened in 1906. The oldest station in Assam in continuous occupation is Sibsagor. Note, b—Work was begun at Molung in 1876, and was transferred to Impur in 1893. Note, c— Work was begun at Sadiya in 1836, but was given up. In 1906 Sadiya was reopened. 1920] FIELDS AND STATIONS 231

*Miss Elizabeth E. Hay Joseph Paul *Miss E. .Marie Holmes Mrs. Joseph Paul •Miss Nettie E. Holmes William Pettigrew G. R. Kampfer Mrs. William Pettigrew Mrs. G. R. Kampfer A. E. Stephen A. K. Mather Mrs. A. E. Stephen Mrs. A. K. Mather J. E. Tanquist P. E. Moore Mrs. J. E. Tanquist Mrs. P. E. Moore *Miss Isabelle Wilson

III. THE SOUTH INDIA MISSION Begun 1836. Area, 42,336 Square Miles. Population, 6.072,538 47. N ELLORE (N61-lore) 1840 (See 52. KUENOOL (Kiir-nool') 1876 footnote) (In charge of T. Wathne, at Gad- val) General Work David Downic, D.D. (at Coonoor) High School Mrs. David Downie (at Coonoor) A. S. Woodburne ■“Miss Lena A. Beniamin, M.D. Mrs. A. S. Woodburne *Miss Ethel M. Ross *Miss Jenny L. Reilly 53. MADRAS (Madras’) 1878 *Miss Olive E. Jones F. C. Marquiss Mrs. F. C. Marquiss Boys’ High School *Miss Julia lient L. C. Smith *Miss Elberta Chute Mrs. L. C. Smith *Miss Olive M. Sarber Girls’ High School *Miss Ella J. Draper English Church

48. ONGOLE (On-gole') 1866 54. HANUMAKONDA (Hun-00 ma- J. M. Baker kon'-da) 1879 Mrs. J. M. Baker J. S. Timpany, M.D. J. W. Stenger, M.D, Mrs. J. S. Timpany Airs. J. W. Stenger Charles Rutherford C. R. Manley, M.D. Mrs. Charles Rutherford Mrs. C. R. Manley *Miss Sarah Kelly *Miss Amelia E. Dessa 55. CUM BUM (Kum-bum) 1882 *Miss Frances M. Tencate John Newcomb *Miss Susan Roberts Mrs. John Newcomb *Miss Sigrid C. Johnson *Miss Ursula Dresser (language study) 56. VINUKONDA (Vln-oo-kon'-dii) *Miss Kate Failing (language 1883 John Dussman study) Mrs. John Dussman High School *Miss Melissa E. Morrow L. E. Rowland Mrs. L. E. Rowland 57. NARSARAVUPET (Nur-sa-ra'- RAMAPATNAM (Ra'-ma-put'- voo-pet') 1883 49. E. E. Silliman num) 1869 Mrs. E. E. Silliman Theoloeical Seminary and General Work *Miss Bertha M. Evans W. E.' Boggs *Miss Edith P. Ballard • Mrs. W. E. Boggs W. J. Longley 58. BAPATLA ( B;i-put’ -la) 1883 Mrs. W. J. Longlev *Miss Lillian V. Wagner General Work and Normal Training Institution 50. ALLUR (Ol-loor') 1873 A. H. Curtis W. S. Davis Mrs. A. H. Curtis Mrs. W. S. Davis 51. SECUNDERABAD (Se-kun'der- 59. U DAYAGIRI (Od-da-ya-gV-ri) a-bad) 1873 1S8.S F. H. Levering (In charge of S. D. Bawden, at Mrs. F. H. Levering, M.D. Kavali) Note.— The South India Mission was begun in 1836 at Vizagapatam, whence the work was removed in 1837 to Madras. In 1840 it was transferred to Nellore. Madras was reopened in 1878. 232 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

MAHBUBNAGAR (Ma-bub-nug- 72. DONAKONDA (Dona-kon'-da) ar) formerly PALM UR (Pal- 1903 xnoor) 1885 J. A. Curtis (In charge of W. J. Longley, at Mrs. J. A. Curtis Ramapatnam) 73. GADVAL (Gud-val') 1903 61. NALGONDA (Nul-gdn'-da) 1890 Thorlief Wathne ^Cornelius LTnruh Mrs. Thorlief Wathne *Mrs. Cornelius Unruh *Miss Aganetha Neufeld 74. NANDYAL (Nun-di-al') 1904 S. W. Stenger 62, kANIGIRI (Kun-i-gi-ri) 1892 Mrs. S. W. Stenger (Tn charge of J. A. Curtis, at Douakonda) 75. MADIRA (Mu-di-ra) 1905 (In chargc of C. Rutherford, at 63. KAVALI (Kii'-va-K) 1893 Hanumakonda) S. D. Bawden Mrs. S. D. Bawden AT HOME Mrs. Edwin Bullard (at Oota- Wheeler Boggess eamund) A. M. Boggs “Miss E. Grace Bullard Mrs. A. M. Boggs Mrs. W. B. Boggs 64. KANDUKURU Kun'-doo-koo- G. H. Brock ro6> 1893 Mrs. G. II. Brock T*M iss Florence E. Carman 65. ATMAKUR

IV- THE BENGAL-ORISSA MISSION Begun 1836. Area, about 12,000 Square Miles. Population, 4,000,000 76. BALASORE (Bal-a-sore') 1838 *Miss Mary W. Bacheler, AI.D. (See footnote) 'M i ss L. C. Coombs V. G. Krause ‘ Miss Amy B. Coe M. R. Hartley *Miss Gladys E. Doe Mrs. M. R. Hartlej’ II. I. Frost 77. JELLASORE (Jel-la-sore) 1840 Mrs. H. I. Frost ’ Miss E. E. Barnes Note— The Bengal-Orissa Mission was begun in 1836 at Cuttack, in con­ nection with the English Baptist Mission. Sambalpur, the first station, was opened in 1837, but on account of its unhealthfulness the work was transferred in 1838 to Balasore, and this became the first permanent station of the Free Baptist Mission. A. B. F. M. S., 1911. . 1920] FIELDS AND STATIONS 233

78. MIDNAPORE (Mid-na-pore') 84. KHARAGPUR (Kar-ag-poor) 1902 1844 (see footnote a) C. A. Collett H. C. Long Mrs. C. A. Collett Mrs. H. C. Long C. P. Collett HG. Ager Mrs. C. P. Collett TjMrs. G. Ager *Miss Mabel E. Bond *Miss M. Elsie Barnard 85. JAMSHEDPUR 1919 C. I.. Conrad 79. SANTIPORE ( San-ti-pore) 1865 P. J. Clark Mrs. P. J. Clark AT HOME Z. D. Browne 80. BHIMPORE (Beem-pore) 1873 Mrs. Z. D. Browne J. H. Oxrieder (at Midnapore) Mrs. Julia P. Burkholder Mrs. J. H. Oxrieder (at Midna­ *Miss Ruth Daniels pore) *Mrs. Ida M. Holder J. A. Howard 8 1. CHANDBALI (Cliund'-bali) 1886 Mrs. J. A. Howard 82. BHADRACK (Bhud'-rack) 1890 Mrs. V. G. Krause H. R. Murphy, M.D. 83. CONTAI (Con-ti) 1892 Mrs. H. R. Mt’ rphy (In charge of P. J. Clark, at *Miss Amorette Porter Santipore)

V. THE CHINA MISSIONS Begun 1836. Area 4,000,000 Square Miles. Population, 400,000,000

SOUTH CHINA 86. SWATOW (Swa-tou) I860 (See UNGKUNG (Ung-kungr) 1892 footnote b) 89. CHAOCHOWFU (Chou-chou- Ashmore Theological Seminary foo) 1894 William Ashmore, D.D. B. L. Baker Mrs. William Ashmore Mrs. B. L. Baker, M.D. G. H. Waters Mrs. G. H. Waters 90. KITYANG (Kit-yang) 1896 J. M. Foster, D.D. (in Siam) Swatow Academy E. H. Giedt A. H. Page Mrs. E. H. Giedt Mrs. A. H. Page ‘ Miss Clara C. Leach, M.D. N. H. Carman •Miss Gwladys R. Aston Mrs. N. H. Carman, M.D. *Miss Emma H. Simonsen General Work 91. CHAOYANGSHIEN (Chow- Jacob Speicher yang) 1905 Mrs. Jacob Speicher A. F. Groesbeck, D.D. •Miss Melvina Sollman Mrs. A. F. Groesbeck •Miss Mabelle R. Culley Miss Mary E. Ogg ’ Miss Abbie G. Sanderson 'M iss Marguerite E. Everham, M. 92. HOPO (Ho-po) 1907 D. A. S. Adams T*Miss Margarethe Wellwood Mrs. A. S. Adams •Miss Emily E. Miller •Miss Enid P. Johnson 93. CANTON (Kan-ton) 1913 •Miss Ruth Sperry China Baptist Publication Society 87. KAYING (Ka-ying) 1890 G. E. Whitman 94. SUNWUHSIEN, formerly Mrs. G. E. Whitman CHANGNING (Chong-nmg) S. S. Beath 1915 Mrs. S. S. Beath Dr. C. E. Bousfield I.. J. Bjelke Mrs. C. E. BousfieH Mrs. L. J. Bjelke E. S. Burket •Miss Louise Campbell Mrs. E. S. Burket *Miss Anna E. Foster *Miss Luciele Withers Note a.— Work was begun temporarily at Midnapore in 1844, permanently in 1863. Note b.— Work was begun at Macao in 1836. In 1842 this was transferred to Hongkong and thence in 1860 to Swatow. 234 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

AT HOME G. W. Lewis R. T. Capen Mrs. G. W. Lewis Mrs. R. T. Capen H. W. Newman, M.D. Mrs. J. M. Foster Mrs. H. W. Newman J. H. Giffin *Miss Fannie Northcott Mrs. J. H. Giffin *Miss Edith G. Traver E. S. Hildreth *Mrs. R. E. Worley Mrs. E. S. Hildreth

E A S T C H IN A

95. NINGPO (Ning-po) 1843 General Work J. S. Grant, M.D. J. T. Proctor, D.D. L. C. Hylbert Mrs. J. T. Proctor Mrs. L. C. Hylbert E. J. Anderson (Supt. of Schools) H. R. S. Benjamin Mrs. E. J. Anderson Mrs. II. R. S. Benjamin . Harold Thomas. M.D. Mission Treasury Mrs. Harold Thomas R. D. Stafford "Miss Mary Cressey Mrs. R. D. Stafford *Miss Emma S. Irving *Miss Viola C. Hill 101. NANKING (Nan-kmg) 1911 *Miss Ella A. Hill *Miss F. Jane Lawrence University of Nanking C. S. Keen 96. SHAOHSING (Zhou-shing) 1869 Mrs. C. S. Keen F. W. Goddard. M.D. L. B. Moss, M.A. Mrs. F. W. Goddard Mrs. L. B. Moss A. F. Ufiord Mrs. A. F. Ufford • Language School *Mrs. J. R. Goddard *Miss Josephine Lawney, M.D. (for *Miss Marie A. Dowling language study) *Miss Alma L. Pittman *Miss Lillian M. van Hook *Miss M. Jean Gates Ginling College *Miss Harriet - Brittingham *Miss Xarola Rivenburg 97. KINHWA (Kin-wha) 1883 A T HOME David Gustafson C. II. Barlow, M.D. Mrs. David Gustafson Mrs. C. H. Barlow *Miss Clarissa A. Ilewey C. L. Bromley ■i;*Miss: Elizabeth Xash Mrs. C. L. Bromley *Miss Lydia Brown 98. HUCHOW (Hoo-chou) 18S£ I. Brooks Clark E. ‘ II. Clayton Mrs. I. Brooks Clark M rs. E. H. Clayton M. D. Eubank, M.D. *Miss Edna E. Shoemaker Mrs. M. D. Eubank *Miss Esther E. Hokanson Victor Hanson *Miss Bessie Williford Mrs. Victor Hanson G. A. Huntley, M.D. 99. HANGCHOW (Ilang-chou) 1889 Mrs. G. A. Huntley Mrs. W. S. Sweet E. E. Jones *Miss Gertrude F. McCulloch Mrs. E. E. Jones *Miss Mary I. Jones Wayland Academy 1). H. Kulp, II E. H. Cressy Mrs. D. H. Kulp, II Mrs. E. H. Cressy J. V. Latimer, D.D. Mrs. J. V. Latimer 100. SHANGHAI (Shang-hi) 1907 C. I). Leach. M.D. Mrs. C. D. Leach Shanghai Baptist College and Theologi­ C. B. I.esher, M.D. cal Seminary Mrs. C. B. Lesher, M.D. F. J. White, D.D. C. F. MacKenzie. M.D. Mrs. F. J. White Mrs. C. F. MacKenzie F. C. Mabee, A.M. A. I. Nasmith Mrs. F. C. Mabee Mrs. A. I. Xasmith Henry Huizinga, Ph.D. ■*Miss E. J. Peterson Mrs. Henry Huizinga *NIiss Helen M. Rawlings P. R. Bakeman vMiss Stella Relyea Mrs. P. R. Bakeman *.\fiss Harriet N. Smith R. B. Kennard 1-'. C. Wilcox Mrs. R. B. Kennard Mrs. F. C. Wilcox Miss L. J. Dahl *Miss Dora Zimmerman 1920] FIELDS AND STATIONS 235

WEST CHINA

102. SUIFU (Swa-foo) 1889 106. CHENGTU (Cheng-too) 1909 West China Union University General Work Joseph Taylor, D.D. D. C. Graham Mrs. Joseph Taylor Mrs. D. C. Graham TI. F. Rudd •Mrs. Anna Salquist Mrs. H. F. Rudd, M.D. “ Miss L. Jennie Crawford D. S. Dye '"Miss Mabel E. Bovell Mrs. D. S. Dye W. R. Morse, M.D. Mrs. W. R. Morse Monroe Academy T. E. Moncrieff, M.A. General Work Mrs. J. E. Moncrieff H. J. Openshaw Mrs. TI. J. Openshaw *Mrs. Emma I. Upcraft 103. KIATINGFU (Ja-ding-foo) 1894 *Miss F. Pearl Page C. L. Foster Mrs. C. L. Foster Language School Mrs. J. M. Welhvo«d *Miss Minnie M. Argetsinger (for language study) •Miss G. Frida Wall (for language 104. YACHOWFU (Ya-jo-foo) 1894 study) J. C. Humphreys, M.D. Mrs. J. C. Humphreys Bible School F. N. Smith AT HOME Mrs. F. N. Smith A. G. Adams J. C. Jensen Mrs. A. G. Adams Mrs. J. C. Jensen *Miss Beulah E. Bassett L. A. Lovegren F. J. Bradshaw Mrs. L. A. Lovegren Mrs. F. J. Bradshaw, M.D. *Miss Emilie Bretthauer, M.D. •Miss Winifred M. Roeder J. P. Davies *Miss L. Emma Brodbeck Mrs. J. P. Davies x •Miss Frances Therolf *Miss Carrie E. Slaght, M.D. W. R. Taylor Mrs. W. R. Taylor 105. NINGYUANFU (Ning-yuan-foo) C. E. Tompkins, M.D. 1905 Mrs. C. E. Tompkins

VI. THE JAPAN MISSION

Begun 1872. Area, 148,000 Square Miles. Population, 60,000,000 107. YOKOH AM A ( Yo-ko-ha'-ma) Mrs. H. B. Benninghoff 1872 Percy P. W. Zieman 1). G. Ilaring (at Kanagawa) E. T. Thompson Mrs. D. G. Haring (at Kanagawa) Mrs. E. T. Thompson Mrs. C. 11. D. Fisher G. E. Haynes (for language study) Mabie Memorial Boys’ School Mrs. C. E. Haynes (for language K. II. Fisher study) Mrs. R. H. Fisher *Miss M. M. Carpenter ■"Miss M. Anna Clagett Mary L. Colby Home School, Kanagawa •Miss Gertrude E. Ryder (Kan-a-ga-wa) ‘ Miss Harriett L. Dithridge •Miss Clara A. Converse Miss Elma Tharp •Miss F. Marguerite Ilaven *Miss Agnes S. Meline (for lan­ * Miss Minnie V. Sandberg guage study) 108. TOKYO (Tokyo) !8T4 Japan Baptist Theological Seminary D. C. Iioltom General Work Mrs. D. C. Holtom William Wynd Mrs. William Wynd 109. KOBE (Ko'-be) 1881 William Axling, D.D. R. A. Thomson, D.D. Mrs. William Axling Mrs. R. A. Thomson H. B. Benninglioff, D.D. •Miss Jessie M. G. Wilkinson 236 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

110. SENDAI (Sen-di) 1882 115. HIMEJI (Hi-ma'-ji) 1907 C. H. Ross *Mrs. F. C. Briggs Mrs. C. H. Ross *Miss Alice C. Bixby *Miss Ruby L. Anderson *Miss Mary D. Jesse 116. KYOTO (Kyo to) 1907 *Miss Ruth E. Smith AT HOME 111. MORIOKA (Mo-ri-o-ka) includ­ •Miss Thomasine Allen ing OTARU (O-ta'-roo) 1887 Mrs. L. W. Bickel *Miss Amy A. Acock “ Miss Annie S. Buzzell *Miss Ruth C. Ward *Miss Amy R. Crosby •Miss Mary E. Danielson •Miss Ruth D. French 112. MITO (Me'-to) 1889 P. J. Gates Mrs. P. J. Gates 113. OSAKA (O-sa-ka) 1892 J. F. Gressitt J. A. Foote Mrs. J. F. Gressitt Mrs. J. A. Foote Mrs. C. K. Harrington J. H. Scott E. H. Jones Mrs. J. H._ Scott Mrs. E. H. Jones ‘ Miss Lavinia Mead •Miss Helen W. Munroe *Miss Evalyn A. Camp *Miss Annabelle Pawley C. B. Tenny, D.D. Mrs. C. B. Tenny 114. INLAND SEA 1899 Henry Topping F. W. Steadman Mrs. Henry Topping Mrs. F. W. Steadman *Miss Edith F. Wilcox

VII. THE CONGO MISSION Adopted 1884. Area of Belgian Congo, 900,000 Square Miles. Population, estimated 15.000,000 117. PALABALA (Pa-la-ba-la) 1878 A. V. Marsh Mrs. A. V. Marsh 118. BANZA MANTEKE (Man-te’-ka) •Miss Edna Oden 1879 *Miss Anna Hagquist J. E. Geil Mrs. J. E. Geil 125. KIMPESE ;KIm-pes'-si) 1908 J. C. King, M.D. Mrs. J. C. King Congo Evangelical Training Institution S. E. Moon 119. MATADI (Ma-ta'-di) 1880 Mrs. S. E. Moon A. Sims, M.D., D.P.H. ‘ Miss Catharine L. Mabie, M.D.

120. LUKUNGA (Lu-kodng'-ga) 1882 126. VANGA (Van'-ga) 1913 W. H. Nugent 21. MUKIMVIKA (Mu-kim-ve'-ka) In Mrs. W. H. Nugent Portuguese Africa, 1882 *Miss Minnie E. Grage A. L. Bain *Miss Beulah MacMillan Mrs. A. L. Bain 122. TSHUM BIRI (Clium-be’-ri) 1890 UNDESIGNATED P. C. Metzger tB. M. Aalbu Mrs. P. C. Metzger $K. O. Andersson JMrs. K. O. Andersson 123. SONA BATA (So-na Ba-ta) 1890 P. Frederickson AT HOME Mrs. P. Frederickson *ZtIiss Frances A. Cole Thomas Moody Mrs. C. H. Harvey Mrs. Thomas Moody Thomas Hill *Miss Helen Yost Mrs. Thomas Hill W. H. Leslie, M.D. 124. NTONDO (Xto-ndo) formerly Mrs. W. H. Leslie IKOKO (E-ko'-ko) 1894 Franklin P. Lynch, M D. Joseph Clark P. A. McDiarmid Mrs. Joseph Clark Mrs. P. A. McDiarmid W. E. Rodgers Henry Richards Mrs. W. E. Rodgers Mrs. Henry Richards P . Ostrom, M.D. L. F. Wood Mrs. II. Ostrom Mrs. L. F. Food 1920] FIELDS AND STATIONS 237

VIII. THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS MISSION Begun 1900. Area, 115,026 Square Miles. Population, estimated 8,000,000 127. IL O IL O (E-lo-e-16) including 128. BACOLOD (Ba-ko'-lodl Negros JARO (Ha-ro) Panay (Pa-ni) (Na'-gros) Island, 1901 Island, 1900 W. O. Valentine . Mrs. W. O. Valentine Hospital Work 'M iss Sarah Whelpton R. C. Thomas, M.D. . Mrs. R. C. Thomas *Mjss Rose E. Nicolet 129. CAPIZ (Ciip'-es) Panay Island, *Miss Anna Dahlgren 1903 G. J. Geis Bible Woman’s Training School Mrs. G. J. Geis *Miss Selma Lagergren F. W. Meyer, M.D. *Miss Frieda L. Appel Mrs. F. W. Meyer *Miss Annie V. Johnson W. B. Charles *Miss Ellen Martien *Mjss Margaret Suman f Miss Cora W. Sydney Jaro Industrial School and General Work A. E. Bigelow H. W. Munger AT HOME H. F. Stuart J. F. Russell Mrs. H. F. Stuart Mrs. J. F. Russell Miss A. B. Houger RETIRED LIST Note.— This list includes the names of a number of missionaries wbo are not permanently retired, but who have nevertheless been detained at home because of ill health or other reasons with no immediate prospect of returning to active service on the foreign field. R. E. Adkins, M.D. Mrs. C. B. Glenesk Mrs. John McLaurin Mrs. William Ashmore Miss Clara V. Goodrich Mrs. W. R. Manley Mrs. J. S. Adams J. O. Gotaas W. C. Mason W. E. Bailey Mrs. J. O. Gotaas Mrs. W. C. Mason Mrs. W. E. Bailey *Miss S. B. Gowen *Miss Minnie LaV. Minnis Mrs. C. B. Banks Z. F. Griffin Mrs. P. H. Moore W. F. Beaman Mrs. Z. F. Griffin Mrs. F. E. Morgan Mrs. W. F. Beaman A. K. Gurney W. B. Parshley, D.D. Mrs. A. A._ Bennett Mrs. A. JK. Gurney Mrs. W. B. Parshley Mrs. A. Billington H. W. Hale Mrs. S. B. Partridge C. Brand G. H. Hamlen, D.D. *Miss Grace H. Patton fe W. Brown, M.D. Mrs. G. H. jlamlen C. E. Petrick Mrs. N. W. Brown S. W. Hamblen E. G. Phillips, D.D. Mrs. Alonzo Bunker Mrs. S. W. Hamblen Mrs. E. G. Phillips. W. B. Bullen *Miss Stella S. Hartford *Miss Mary L. R. Riggs Mrs. W. B. Bullen S. W. Hartsock *Miss Clara E. Righter G. Campbell Mrs. S. W. Hartsock Mrs. W. H. Roberts Mrs. G. Campbell W. H. S. Hascall B. E. Robison J. E. Case Mrs. W. H. S. Hascall Mrs. B. E. Robison Mrs. J. E. Case L. E. Hicks, Ph. D. F. H. Rose “Miss Irene M. Chambers G. W. Hill Mrs. F. H. Rose Mrs. Arthur Christopher Mrs. G. W. Hill *Mrs. Anna K. Scott, M.D. Elbert Chute T. D. Holmes *Miss E. Edna Scott Mrs. Elbert Chute Mrs. T. D. Holmes *Miss Martha Sheldon Mrs. E. W. Clark G. J. Huizinga S. C. Sonnichsen Mrs. J. E. Clough Mrs. G. J. Huizinga Mrs. S. C. Sonnichsen Mrs. E. L. Coldren Mrs. H. A. Kemu W. L. Soper Mrs. F. D. Crawley A. L. Kennan, M.D. Mrs. W. L. Soper W. T. Elmore, Ph.D. Mrs. A. L. Kennan Mrs. E. O. Stevens Mrs. W. T. Elmore Mrs. C. A. Kirkpatrick Mrs. F. P. Sutherland F. H. Eveleth, D.D. Mrs. M. B. Kirkpatrick ■"Miss E. T. Taylor Mrs. J. L. Dearing *Miss Annie M. Lemon L. E. Worley "Miss Bertha A. Fetzer Eric Lund, D.D. Mrs. L. E. Worley Mrs. T. G. Fetzer Mrs. Eric Lund H. E. Wyman Mrs. E. N. Fletcher Mrs. C. G. Lewis Mrs. H. E. Wyman DEATHS Mrs. W. F. Armstrong *Miss Anna M. Edmands L. H. Mosier 4Miss Flora E. Ayers C. H. D. Fisher W. H. Roberts, D.D„ Mrs. Wheeler Boggess P. B. Guernsey Edwin Bullard C. K. Harrington, D.D. 238 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

RESIGNATIONS W. W. Bartlett G. Glass Davitt, M.D. Miss Henrietta McKeer Mrs. W. W. Bartlett Mrs. G. Glass Davitt R. S. Wallis *Miss Ethel A. Boggs *Miss Helen H. Fielden Mrs. R. S. Wallis

MARRIAGE J. Lee Lewis, Burma, to Miss Lilly Ryden, Burma

FIANCEES, APPOINTMENT EFFECTIVE UPON MARRIAGE Miss Helen L. Baldwin, fiancee G. E. Gates Miss Inez R. N. Jones, fiancee B. M. Johnson Miss Anne E. Kiihner, fiancee Dr. Howard N. Cooper Miss Edna Neher, fiancee W. B. Charles missionary to Philippines Miss Vida Post, fiancee, Charles G. Smith Miss Dorothy Shaw, fiancee Chester F. Wood Miss Georgiaetta Sieven, fiancee Lloyd Eller

MISSIONARIES UNDER APPOINTMENT *Miss Effie L. Adams T. S. Denham *Miss Ruth Mather Gordon C. Adams, M.D. Mrs. T. S. Dcr.ham *Miss Cliarma M. M oore Mrs. Gordon C. Adams *Miss Myrtle C. Denisen *Mi.~s Ethel E. .Nichols W. K. Allen F. M. Derwacter Homer C. Nycum Mrs. W. K. Allen Mrs. F. M. Derwacter Mrs. Homer C. Nycura ’ Miss Gertrude R. Ander­ *Miss Gladys A. Dorrie "Miss Lucy C. Palmer son *Miss Dorothy Dowell *Miss Irene Pennington *Miss Lettie Archer ’ Miss Sara B. Downer kMiss Frieda Peter *Miss A. Verna Blakely *Miss Lelia P>. Droz *Miss Areola Pettit Arthur G. Boggs, M.D. Cecil G. Fielder Dryden L. Phelps Mrs. Arthur G. Boggs Mrs. Cecil G. Fielder Louis H. _ Randle Miss Lucy P. Bonney A. T. Fishman IMi's. Louis II. Randle *Miss Bessie M. Brewer Mrs. A. T. Fishman Arthur X. Reitnouer *Miss Marion H. Boss 'M iss Marjorie Fleming Miss Helen E. Ritner *Miss Genevra Brunner G. E. Gates *Miss Carrie Shurtleff Fred G. Christenson *Miss Alice C. Glazier Charles G. Smith + Miss Anna R. Clark Walter R. Greenwood *Miss Evelyn Speidon Stewart S. Clark *Miss Ruth H. Hall ♦Miss Mabel W. Stumpf Dr. Howard N. Cooper *Miss F. Faith TIatch Gustaf A. Sword Wilford W. Cossum Herbert E. Hinton Mrs. Gustal A. Sword Mrs. Wilford W. Cossum S. V. Hollin gworth Victor H. Sword j. Howard Covell Mrs. S. V. Hollingworth Mrs. Victor H. Sword "Miss Ethel M. Cronkite *Miss Louise Jenkins *Miss Helen L. Tufts B. L. Crook, M.D. B. M. Johnson *Miss Margaret Winn *Miss Mildred L. Cum­ *Miss Ethel Jones *Miss Margaret Wolcott mings *Miss Lena Keans Chester F. Wood *Miss Ida W. Davis Jos. Spencer Kennard, Jr. H. O. Wyatt Henry W. Decker, M.D Chester L. Klein Mrs. H. O. Wyatt Mrs. Henry W. Decker Miss Ethel L. Lacey William W. Zwick, M.D ohn W. Decker, Th.D. Eller Lloyd Mrs. William W. Zwick iIrs. John W. Decker *Miss Millie M. Marvin 239

STATISTICAL TABLES THE BURMA MISSION

N o t e .— Totals include statistics of last year in the case of Work for Burmans— Prome; Work for Karens—Toungoo (Paku), Toungoo (Bvve), Shwegyin (Sgaw), Loikaw; Work for Shans— Kengtung; Work for Chins— Thayetmyo; Telugu and Tamils; Work for Chinese; Work for English-speaking Peoples— Rangoon, Moul- mein, Mandalay, from which statistical reports for 1919 have not been received. THE ASSAM MISSION

N o t e .— Totals include statistics of last year in the case of Jorhat Christian Schools; Gauhati; Goalpara; Sibsagor; Nowgong; North Lakhimpur; Jorhat; Tika, from which statistical reports for 1919 have not been received. THE SOUTH INDIA MISSION

N o t e .— Totals include statistics of last year in the case of Ramapatnam Theological Seminary; Nellore; Ramapatnam; Secunderabad; Bapatla; Kavali; Kandukuru; Atmakur; Sattenapalle, from which statistical reports for 1919 have not been received. THE BENGAL-ORISSA MISSION

N o t e .— Totals include statistics of last year in the case of Chandbali, from which statistical report for 1919 has not been received. THE CHINA MISSION

N o t e .— Totals include statistics of last year in the case of University of Nanking; West China Union University; Ningyuanfu; Chengtu, from which statistical re­ ports for 19J9 have not been received. THE CONGO MISSION

N o t e .— Totals include statistics of last year in the. case of Tshumbiri and Ntondo, from which statistical reports for 1919 have not been received. THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS MISSION

N o t e .— Totals include statistics o f last y e a r in the case of Capiz, from which statistical report for 1919 has not been received. 240 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [R ep ort THE BURMA MISSION—Table 1

Missionaries Native Workers

XJ Preachers Teachers H3. a Assisi O s c3 is ’Ex I! lit;' a> 3 a> C B g s d a: o *5 Oc o Woek and Stations >5 "35 TJ £ s , p 02 ■o 0) o a £ o o C aID ¥ fc> o s "3 H to .2 ^ rs Q £ e V J-l S o a X 1c C s tn a c. P "‘ is

Theological Seminaries : T Karen Theological Seminary...... o 1 1 4 4 Burman Theological Seminary...... 2 2 2 Judson College...... 4 l 15 Rangoon Baptist Schools...... 1 1 ? 9 1 6 Burmans (a) 9 o 5 q 3 6 | 1 .5 (1) c, 4 15 34 i 1 9 3 4 9 " |” 1 1 3 5 16 19 3 ] 1 3 13 36 25 ■■•■j., 1 9 4 9 5 <> ] 1 9 t4 t2 t8 t'j 1 1 3 0 8 j (1) (1) 2 8 1 (1) d) 1 4 1 a 12 1 9 11 C, i J i s 9 3 i 1 9 3 Mciktila...... m (1) 1 11 a T 5 12 1) i 9 3 3 6 •1 (lM (IK) (1) (45) (30) (61) (150) (151' Karens I 1 1 S -39 122 75 601 1 J i 1 9 14 20 25 40 O 1 9 4 6 22 15 1 Bassein—Pwo...... 1 1 *> 13 36 53 51 1 2 4 50 84 140 77 1 ] 2 24 47 75 1 3 *14 *43 *45 ■*r> M 1 9 4 114 t99 T18 10 ♦*t 9 9 tia +55 t87 |14 Tharrawaddv—Sgaw ...... i 2 t8 T31 t53 tl7 107' Maubin—P w o...... i 9 4 5 14 24 18 Loikaw...... 1 1 *3 *13 *10 ’ 1 (li Totals, Karens...... (i d f'14'l 1___ (34) (203) (592) (620) (362) rjii; Kachins 9 3 3 22 0 i o 2 9 1 1 (i) (1) 2 9 4 ! 0 ) (1) (4) (10) (5) (40) (11) Shans | Bhamo...... 1 1 1 6 2 (1) ft) 1 (1) 2 9 2 3 2 1 Ti. Namkham...... 1 (1) 9 6 4 ' 3 1 2 **17 **68 **45 **3 Taunggyi...... 1 1 (1) 3 3 5 1 I;. 2 1 o: Totals, Shans...... (4) (1) (2) (3) (12) (21) (74) (66) 0.7) Chins I Thayetmyo...... (u (1) to t4 t3 tl Sandowav...... ] 2 4 c 13 10 - “ M' Haka...... ] 1 1 1] 10 31. 2 Oi;- Totals, Chins...... m (3) (0 (12)(22) (26) (17) i'J Talains Moulmein...... i 9 0 Telugus and Tamils...... i 2 *2 *9 *25 *9 *4 English-speaking Peoples...... Rangoon ...... i 2 P)1 i 4 **2 Mandalay...... i 2 **1 *‘ 8 Totals, English-speaking Peoples...... (3) (2) (8) (2) (2) (8) Missionaries at Home...... IS ’ ?•>$ W

THE BURMA MISSION—Table 2

WuiveWoukers Church Statistics Educational Stati stic s i >t tier aq >> ® r t-. Church Members Pupils in : Nativo 0> . m 03 a •E o M 0Q £ OQ -s 03 O Theologi- QD ifl'ork'i? Sm to OQ 13 ■§ a -a a> o £ 3 fto3 o GG cu ■s u inaries £ *8 £ s® 03 0) flCQ J2 n o C ft .c o S in and o W a a ce O® MH CO o g ao S 5t a > co A .2 3 >) fet S3 a) Training o c 0) 2 « g Cm b CD AS ”ci.G Schools a> *3 5 £ SS 1 Organizi 1 OS ihurches •BCO o'® ISO u I-. 9 £ C'g c w g 3 O p 03 G s V S s Z 60 □ S3 r . O) ■o c EH g ® X 03 fj C- £ o o l S < COO E-i E-1 § (s)

I; 4 1 145 s,..- 3 1 8 1 131 44 175 21 6 540 1 132 *■ 1

- 26 8 (8) 8 8 353 300 653 62 14 683 2(2) 2 2 175 219 394 31 580 1 1 I J""I'.... 18 (1) 4 66 29 95 792 o (1) 2 5 279 206 485 60 79 11 (7) 17 17 312 216 528 41 19 995 13 (1) 3 4 86 72 158 (i 4 145 ...... +16 +3 + (1) +210 +200 +410 +5 +195 21 3 (1) 5 474 31 fi 301 ] 12 2(1) 3 3 90 70 160 13 o 250 i 6 1(1) 1 1 23 16 39 1 88, 20 1 (1) 5 7 81 63 144 28 4 166 19 1 1 o 247 35 282 27 2 1.50 12 5 6 6 135 36 3 75 12 1 1 1 10 14 24 1 35 15 2 ] 0 43 1 2 150 ■ "i 31 4 (3) 6 8 275 196 471 145 12 394 16 4(2) 3 6 139 69 208 19 2 120 ' .i (416) (53) (30) (70) (86) (4703) (518) (91) (5119) 301 170 (170) 172 177 5206 5831 11037 547 86 3131 'i 1 *’ ioi 33 (33) 39 39 1934 3409 229 33 (e)1850 1 5 15 58 32(32) 35 35 788 1180 1968 119 8 560 ; 153 G2 (61) 63 70 3937 2082 276 24 351 140 (140) 145 147 14940 828 156 5470 205 84 (84) 77 84 2843 2302 5145 299 85 1707 *109 *84 *83 *84 *3800 *21 *774 : y J152 *91 t (50) t84 184 J1542 J1625 J3167 J23 J732 . 1 tl71 +88 + (88) t85 t85 +1790 +1864 +3654 +20 +1120 fii tllO 31 + (30) +44 +50 1861 91 +37 841 90 32 (32) 27 800 882 1682 140 34 900 1 0 Ji j *28 *16 *18 *18 *294 *266 *560 *8 *235 m\ f.M (1835) (863) (720) (872) (905) (55278) (2529) (535) (18113) (2) (11) {•*0 3 34 26 (23) +891 +7 t319 18 5 15 287 205 492 89 1 15 +2 234 54 7 250 (1) (67) (28) (23) (5) (15) (1617) (143) (15) * 1 2 24 18 42 8 o 59 12 1 3 5 66 130 3 9 150 17 3 48 m 123 0 120 **] 36 **82 **(55) **115 **145 **11544 **32 18 (1) 6 57 94 151 i2 4 216 (192) (iK» (56) (122) (161) (11990) (32) (43) (4295) 11 i> +13 t(5) +12 +17 +300 t275 +575 +9 +161 <14 16 (4) 13 16 33 15 501 23 9 17 310 290 (i00 114 ■> 12C (80) (37) (34) (50) (1831) (147) (26) (782) j| (9) 20 6 (3) 7 7 450 31 4 115 *49 *0 . *(1) *10 *564 *5 *293 0)1 0)60 iv 0)1 (1)1 0)1 0)3 0)124 0)2 0)150 J151 tl 1108 tl tl u J50 tioi **« ...... **ii **.) **(i) **o **3 **110 **190 (12) (4) (l) (4) (7) (385) (6) 1448)

29 s .; i; w n <*. 1OS0 (843) 1124 1231 77053 3421 731 30362 41 211 1 133: AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY

THE BURMA MISSION—Table 3

E d u c a t i o n a l S t a t i s t i c s Pupils in Pupils in Pupils in 00 HI High £ c Secondary P r im a r y a Schools OX3 Schools Schools O V 3 X3CC o s*

*7Theological Seminaries 2 Karen Theological Seminary...... S Burman Theological Seminary__ 4 Judson College...... 5 Rangoon Baptist Schools...... (*)14 467 (e)21 (3) 6 Baptist Mission Press...... 7 Burmans (a) 8 Rangoon...... 231 18 9 Moulmein...... ■...... 205 258 10 Tavoy...... 185 27 11 3assein...... 551 320 51 35 12 Henzada...... 222 125 307 215 13 Toungoo ...... 115 54 14 Prome...... |64 t92 +90 +58 15 Thonze...... - ...... 14 162 159 16 Zigon...... 90 6 101 20 17 Thaton ...... 1 70 18 Mandalay...... 66 11 19 Myingyan...... 171 42 20 Pegu (c)...... 72 54 10 21 Sagaing...... 02 90 22 Meiktila...... 190 30 23 Pyinmana...... 21 85 7 8 238 144 24 Pyapon...... 103 27 1 12 8 25 Totals, Burmans...... (5) (io si (8) (29) (2192) (1005) (50) (1522) (823) (84) 26 Karens 27 Rangoon—Sgaw ...... 284 180 99 1328 1297 100 28 Rangoon—Pwo (b)...... 29 Moulmein—Sgaw ...... 61 38 (e)735 (e) 654 42 30 Tavoy—Sgaw...... 21 17 199 148 ],v 31 Bassein—P w o...... 105 64 1005 876 (i.i i 32 Bassein—Sgaw...... 56 19 145 149 1740 1904 lo ll 33 Henzada—Sgaw ...... 146 84 1083 870 Sf,; 34 Toungoo—Paku...... *■150 *27 *331 *365 »2si 35 Toungoo—Bwe...... t"0 t43 J4(i5 1388 +44 j 36 Shwegyin—Sgaw...... t246 t43 t545 1347 +46 i 37 Tharrawaddy—Sgaw...... |40 711 402 140 38 Maubin—Pw o ...... 61 31 29 588 521 31 39 Loikaw...... *23 *5 *12 *144 *71 *13 40 Totals, Karens...... (2) (340) (199) (14) (1028) (534) (645) (7838) (6C3) 41 Kachins 42 Bhamo...... 69 29 14 tl77 t30 15 43 Myitkyina...... 4 133 26 4 44 Namkham...... t7 145 62 f7 45 Totals, Kachins...... (69) (29) (25) (455) (118) (26) 46 Shans 47 Bhamo...... 168 35 48 Hsipaw...... 49 Mongnai...... 35 20 25 28 50 Namkham...... 27 19 21 10 3 51 Kengtung...... t95 t35 +175 +125 + •6 52 Taunggyi...... 30 17 15 29 4 53 Mong Lem...... 54 Totals, Shans...... 0) (142) (26) (5) (355) (126) (.21) (236) (192) (27) 55 Chins 56 Thayetmyo...... til t7 t97 +29 57 Sandoway...... 80 11 160 134 58 Haka...... 6 200 20 59 Totals, Chins...... (3) (91) (104) (24) (457) (183) (27) 60 Talains 61 Moulmein...... *4 *97 *142 ♦4 62 Telugus and Tamils...... *5 («) *467 s) *155 63 Chinese...... 64 English-speaking Peoples 65 Rangoon...... 66 Moulmein...... tso }66 67 Mandalay...... **55 **31 *♦12 **2 68 Totals, English-speaking Peoples. (80) (66) (1) (55) (31) (1) (12) (3) 69 Missionaries at Home......

Totals for Burma 995 313 18501 12477 9475 845 1919J S t a t i s t i c s fo r y e a r e n d i n g De c e m b e r 31, 1919 243 «• THE BURMA MISSION—Table 4

l-'l,'.-C-ATIONAL S T A T IS T IC S N a t i v e C ontributions M e d i c a l S u m m a r y

Z ao _ a; _ •o a P Gej 02 & B S'S .2 Eg Bl C 3 tea y’Ofe 83 3 =>*« Bo

$18 $7 132 8245 $3000 $146 325 471 li.w

1445 689 691 672 1646 372) 1500 1756 S199 4955 73 j 060 44 158 229 5414 2703 440 167 627 7247 636!) 555 411 1010 ir.il; 669 380 147 59 206 ToUl; 11379 fl 42 t241 t38G 804 685 1.S2 279 461 5861 608 30 30 367 300 6 6 2932 2603 310 176 486 2839 2517 53 39 111 142: i-08 567 129 53 185 860 619 75 68 143 2074 3130 274 3!) 38 2749 2617 546 595 1198 3 711 704 275 122 397 (111) (35248) (27430) (5649) (4701 (6284) (12403) (1)

SOS'.I 20 4902 4477 11549 5720 5276 22545

1522 15 1587 1582 1887 1737 1373 4997 376 17 678 1189 1267 1387 340 2994 2071 29 1531 852 7948 2919 955 11822 Wf>2 2663 6662 11878 16452 4667 32997 2174 1369 3386 5643 2101 1497 9241 ‘y.u *1034 *1074 *988 *1896 *603 *3487 1953 11238 til 97 1297 1". 935 13429 ti2:;:: fiis: 13447 t2156 t8069 fl312 tll537 i . n 3402 ■ 81 695 4178 1221 10 2433 323 507 300 1130 *213 *14 *651 *301 *110 *87 *498 *1202 *608 *5554 *222 *216 a n ) (15907) (26991) (48539) (41276) (19040) (108855) (1202) (608) (5554) (222)“ (216) 3051...... 151) 18 67 1000 50 1004 50 200 207| 25 547 12 12 )>■ (071; (43) ‘ (67) (1547) (62) ' (iooj ' (50) (212) (1)

203 1660 703 18 15 143

126 433 194 4344 4359 1236 1073 263 156 5021 8013 1166 504 tl30 t87 t983 **2082 **2290 *11C0 **833 259 1555 2036 ~220 295 3505 3505 1500 939

(1077) (9) (3428) (4418) (2528) (243) (307) (3078) (2) (39) (i-2870) (15877) (5002) (3319)

tl42 t351 1383 t334 162 1478 tl4 47:; 453 785 55 193 326 2201 176 92 268 1919 ‘."07 (19) (804) (1168) (565) (160) (347) (1072) (1) (2) (1919) (221) (27) *2.!!l| 187 432 619 2« 1202 4449 973 ’1)22! *3126 *440 *240 *680 0)33 0)33 (1)1198 0)92 0)1290 13572 11878 "ini **977 **1105 **468 **414 **882 (l'J7 (4519) (3043; (1666) (506) (2172)

315 SH2249 *27538 $129602 1486

248 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY THE BENGAL-ORISSA MISSION—Table 1

M issionaeies .Na t i v e W o e k e k s

Medic •o CD Preachers Teachers Assis g TJ H c ■6o J i : O B *3 S £ - £ Men Ordaine o £ S Ordained Unordained Physicians, Physicians, Men i

135|Bengalis 136 O rm ! a i ______( n 0) 1 1 137 2 2 4 1 1 i i" 1:-N l l 1 5 1 2 11 20 11 IM'I 11 1 14 21 2 4 (1) 9 4 20 43 34 13 143 Bbailrak (j)...... 144 t3 tl6 t2 145 1 1 2 4 1 146 1 1 2 1 9 13 13 147 (3) (1) (3) (5) (1) (12) (5) (34) (76) (50) (21) ! ' 148 Santals | 149 1 1 9 3 5 85 4 4 1.50 Missionaries at Home...... 4 4 (1) 11

151 Totals for Bengal...... 11 o 11 11 (2) 35 12 49 177 75 37 81

THE CHINA MISSION—-Table 1

152 Chinese 153 (South) j 154 2 o 4 155 2 1 3 8 (2) 14 3 17 36 24 11 °i 156 2 1 3 ? 8 1 5 25 157 1 19 10 Cj 4.. 158 i (1) 2 1 6 9 6 159 2 3 (1) 6 4 17 31 4 160 1 1 8 1 6 44 1 5 161 1 2 7 16 6 j m? 163 Sumvuhsien (formerly Changning)__ 2 2 1 (1) 5 7 8 1 1 1 164 (13) (‘•I (14) (15) (5) (44) (11) (84) (179) (47) (31) (15) 165 (Kast) 166 University of Nanking (inc. Language 2 2 1 (1) 5 167 1 1 168 Shanghai Baptist College and Theo- 3 2 5 1 11 169 Ningpo...... 2 2 3 5 (2) 12 4 12 29 14 4 14^ 170 1 1 2 n (1) 10 3 5 18 10 2 13: 171 ] 1 3 4 1 3 25 13 0 11! 17? Huchow...... 1 1 S 1 11 13 (1$;!, 173 Hangchow...... 1 1 ? 4 1 9 (k30) (k2!») 'i 174 Shanghai ...... 1 2 3 fi 1 1 175 (11) (8) (18) (21) (4) (58) (11) (40) (116) (91) (10) (fiil 176 (West) 177 West China Union University (inc. 2 2 4 2 (2) in 178 Suifu...... 1 1 2 S 7 3 oo 0 179 Kiatingfu ...... 1 1 1 a 6 16 4 3 180 Yachowfu...... 3 1 4 ft (1) 11 20 3 181 Ningyuanfu...... t9 t i c tl " } i 182 Dhengtu...... 1 1 0 41 tl tl tl 183 Totals. West China...... (6) (0 (12)(11) (3) (35) (19; (75) (13) (61 "(i) 184 10 185 Totals for China...... 46 24 08 60 (24) 198 22 143 870 151 47 Jvii STATISTICS FOR YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 1919 249 THE BENGAL-ORISSA MISSION—Table 2

C h u r c h S t a t i s t i c s E d u c a t i o n a l S t a t i .s t i c s

Pupils in Church Members Theologi­ cal Sem­ C cc •S-a inaries 'S'S A b3 X G> = ft Q) 0> 03 O Sk and P 03 *0*2O) g Training n * * 2 Ch k s s Schools 2 e S 3 03 0> r.c bfl0) “

(4) 70 2263

THE CHINA MISSION—Table 2

1 16 4 100 25 (3) 25 29 650 660 1310 115 28 1600 1 X8 38 5 (1) 6 6 156 178 334 73 5 550 44 23 (3) 23 80 467 278 745 51 23 1400 1 3 22 8 (1) 6 9 126 81 207 30 8 200 i 71 44 (10) 44 61 773 516 1289 54 44 1200 63 1G (5) 24 40 521 254 775 75 27 13015 1...... 31 9 10 19 312 55 367 22 To 306 ... I...... 2| 1 22 (1) 8 8 185 160 345 29 8 230 UOJj (2) (391)" (135? (24) (146) (202) (5372) (449) (153) (18501) (2) (16) (8«) | ’ 1 *51 | 3 1 (1) 2 3 122 20 142 38 4 375 1 27 1 131 1 84 12 (1) 16 28 526 351 877 85 16 677 1 ’ ' ’ "29 57 5 7 12 186 85 271 30 10 459 5 2 7 122 63 185 20 3 100 .....L:;" (*82) 10 (1) 6 16 385 128 513 65 12 684 1 28 (k71) 4 10 14 217 140 357 47 14 834 2 1 (1 ) 1 77 29 106 2 1 40 (356) (38) (4) (43) (81) (2451) (287) (60) (3169) (3) (27) (57) (2) (185) i ! tl t9 0, 38 1 12 14 191 73 264 52 1 320 1'.. 30 1 7 7 234 117 S51 68 4 471 23 in.... 128 tl t9 t9 1304 t20 t324 tl t220 tl tl t30 t2 tl40 t3 tl2 t2 ^ " (/ 12218) (4J (28) (31) (969) (120) (8) (1151) (3) (12) (2) (1) (9) 1

8(19' 1"“ "IT o , . ' rtivi 8 VI o o i ono->1 o " 250 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Repor

THE BENGAL-ORISSA MISSION—Table 3

Educational. Statistics - Pupils in Pupils in Pupils in X High Secondary Primary Schools c 45 Schools tfi Schools HH £ 0 2 £ £ 0 0 •B x ^ to 5 O Work and Stations 02 ■z, K >■ £ j: X u OQ m 2. a >> CO *c IT - es oj s O A 5 5 3 5 3 CQ 5 2 r1 j- & rr ° C-I — a K x: i 1 Bengalis 1 20 4 187 Kharagpur...... • i;:s 1 10 30 18 310 260 21 139 Jamshedpur...... 140 11) (10) (30) (19) (330) (204) (‘/•jj1 111 Oriyas 14-' 1 •210 O 90 45 11 89 502 IB Bhadrak (j)...... 141 tl t55 tl3 t2S5 t33 tu 145 3 25 97 3 14li 2 24 24 10 136 49 12 117 (1) (210) (5) (169) (69) (37) (485) (681) (43) 148 Santals 14*1 2 153 75 75 1819 89 150 Missionaries at Home......

151 Totals lor Bengal...... 1 210 8 332 174 131 2634 1034 142 ..

THE CHINA MISSION--Table 3

1521 Chinese 153! (South) 1 *> 148 14 4 312 85 30 622 281 37 15(1 1 110 0 114 17 6 361 41 9 157 3 sn 15 310 33 IS 158 1 70 8 250 80 9 154 1 14 1 110 30 710 69 32 160 1 141 31 1018 20 32 1f.1 0 42 18 327 75 2fl 1fi‘> 163 1 11 9 158 16 10 164 (4) (272) (14) (15) (891) (102) (147) (3756) (615) (168) m5 166 University of Nanking urn*. Language *1 167 168 Shanghai Baptist College and Theolog- 5 1 181 2 20 3 169 24 8 88 38 16 323 150 2 2 .. 170 1 37 2 15 18 9 100 118 12 171 1 1 56 2 17 29 4 90 05 / 1?o 2 50 42 11 118 173 14 /k.>! 83 (k91) (1*2) 48 (*78) (k9) (k206) (kl58) 1^18) 174 1 18 4 1 175 r,i\ tin) (115) 03) (218) (200) (52) (881) (677) (7J>J 170 (West) 177 West China Union University (inc. Lan- tl 178 Suifu...... j 2 49 9 8 271 170 10 .. 1 8 250 123 8 .. 1 11 325 150 11 181 Ningyuanfu...... tl96 tl 12 to ls-> tl t28 tl— t5 Chenfftu...... ti 1 t31 (40) 1*3 (l; Cil) (2) (49) (9) (33) (1070) (567)

283 185 Totals for Chii.n ...... 12 714 12!) ?K 1158 311 232 5707 1859 1919] STATISTICS FOR YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 1919 ^ 251

THE BENGAL-ORISSA MISSION—Table 4

E d u c a t i o n a l S t a t i s t i c s N a t i v e C ontribution s M e d i c a l S u m m a r y

« 8 S O 2 S ^ & t-t 03 S d o fR “ i s n bn'ft - o H ot. £ s £ £ 3 S . 4_> « 5 Ah ^ 'o 5 « a A *3 x j V. Q fl o So O C3 g * < o §"2 ^ GO g

13-V. i;» $11 2600 2600 $109 137!. 620 71 691 j:W| $71 $630 90 17 109 2 2 (655J (71) (630) (717) (94) (813) (2600) (2600) (83) (109) 936 1280 2607 200 16 276 4000 4000 18

t323 t44 tl68 t20 t7 t27 122 8 72 25 6 31 233 13 544 58 11 74 (1614) (24) (1295) (3391) (363) (40) (408) (1) (4000 i (4000) (18) 2136 204 2676 60 205 10 4000 4000 163

151 4405 25 ST 570 $6697 $1140

THE CHINA MISSION—Table 4

152 j 153 ! 1M 10 155 1550 54 $17437 $3580 $197 $845 $4622 3 281 21336 30000 $‘W06 $520 lofi 643 41 5603 252 81 333 360 306 71 9 434 3 1847 1707 247 147 2101k...... 261 H104 10381 1314 729 158 400 12 1281 608 63 58 729 159 903 3440 2820 99 362 3281 1 386 2640 8879 2556 450 IfiO 1171) ...... \i 7770 1680 720 197 2597 97 949 1040 909 764 1(51 444 10 1233 369 18 387 lfi'» > I 1«) i85 7 22 90 18 ios 5 2S00 0000 594 339 (5754) (144) (38633) (11106) (1326) (1726) (14158) (2) (6) (1030) (31195) (50672) (8250) (2811) 105 ItVP *51 *4817 K7 Ills 38 26244 1 3 4375 6930 6930 Hi!) 712 4 11273 1206 406 1612 1 1 1013 2891 7344 12345 01!)6 no 294 8 3090 303 190 493 1 1 636 3387 9213 919!) 5122 171 257 2258 163 75 238 1 1 384 3327 6169 5012 3414 172 411 4278 1092 499 1591 0 1) (Jl) (>906) 03786) ('6301) (! 10958) 08449) 173 (k059) 22 (k17200) 979 499 1478 174 '>■) 162 17.) (2771) (72) (69322) (3743) (1669) (5412) (5) (7) (2999) (17761)) (33402) (44444) (30111) 176 177 t!) I7S 49!) 12 544 100 27 127 1 97 2166 10789 4175 3213 17! 373 23 189 18 575 220 795 150 N 475 87 205 (m3) (»»203i ("IS'V)) (m161) (u>107) IM WOK 152 12 154 tl 131)00ii-uio 175 IS: 1«5 1454 12 12 ...... Ki (1749) (72) (1392) (13) (729) (249) (978) (2) (247) (5369) (.'’35S9) 14330) (1395) IS| 0 )

]&• 10274 288 $109347 $13 $15578 $1326 $3644 $20548 9 14 4276 54330 113663 $57030 $34317 252 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

THE JAPAN MISSION—Table 1

M issionaries N a t i v e W o r k e r s

Preachers Teachere

W o r k a n d S t a t i o n s 2 5 -j>£ (3 O

Japanese Japan Baptist Theological Seminary. Yokohama...... T ok yo...... K obe...... Sendai...... Morioka (inc. Otaru) ...... M ito...... Osaka ...... Inland S e a ...... Himeji...... 10 K yoto...... Missionaries at Home,...... 199 Totals for Japan...... 15 f!0 5G 73 25

THE CONGO MISSION—Table 1

200 Africans 201 (Lower Congo District) | 202 1 T 1 (1) 3 “>03 3 12 (12) 3 1 9 (1) 4 7 56 (50) 5 H *>05 34 1 2 *>0fi l 1 o 11 (11) ■>07 9 1 5 2 23 66 1 0 2 ?0R (1) 1 3 1 (1) (1) 210 (Upper Cong-o District) ?n 1 1 2 *10 *30 *2 *1 *1 ?r> 3 4 9 (1) 10 *13 *27 *2 *1 *3 *1 ?13 1 1 9 4 2 23 1 1 3 215 4 (2) 13 __ 216 Totals for Coneo...... lf> 5 18 8 47 12 164 147 13 3 13 3

THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS MISSION—Table 1

Visayans Jaro Industrial School...... Iloilo...... 6 4 38 9 11 Bacolod...... 7 15 19 8 Capiz...... *2 ‘ 4 *3 •2 *4 Missionaries at Home...... n Totals for Ptri ip nine Islands (2) 14 23 60 19 15 1919] « STATISTICS FOR YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 1919 253

THE JAPAN MISSION—Table 2

THE CONGO MISSION—Table 2

THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS MISSION—Table 2

217 218 219 69 39 (1) 32 60 1028 1198 2226 165 50 5500 3 96 220 49 49 19 49 1168 885 2053 323 20 221 *3 »» *18 *17 *(1) *10 *17 *472 *608 *1080 *17 *1073 ....

‘V 3 48 S 96 136 105 ...... (?) 61 126 - H . v r 5359 87 6573 2 5 4 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY ' f Report

THE JAPAN MISSION—Table 3

- E d u c a t i o n a l S t a t i s t i c s Pupils in Pupils in Pupils in m High Secondary Primary £ o> Schools G Schools l l Schools 2 c £ !->St *-> h O £ WOEK AND STATIOKS f l o & 'C Z'c s a n p 1 s-= Girls Girls Boys Boys Boys X High School 0 £•= Secondary Secondary Sch< (other than (other High than S' 186 Japanese * 187 ] o 145 164 (1)1 (1) 300 1 56 45 (u)4 189 1 rll (1)2 (1) 517 (1) 239 7 240 241 (“ )11 190 K obe...... :-i 88 119 3 101 192 ■> 48 48 9 19S Mito...... 1 20 ■> 46 34 4 4 59 59 4 1 114 1 22 22

199J Totals for Jaoan...... 4 145 359 4 817 259 20 559 568 31

THE CONGO MISSION—Table 3

200 Africans 201 (Lower Gongo District) 202 Congo Evang. Training Institution. 203 Palabala...... 455 396 204 Banza Manteke...... 1396 1646 205 Lukunga ...... 443 314 206 Mukimivika...... r...... 154 23 207 Sona B a ta ...... 870 420 208 Matadi...... 30 10 209; Kimpese...... 75 28 210 (Upper Congo District) 211 Tshumbiri...... *860 *200 212 Ntondo (formerly at Ikoko)...... *900 *500 213 Vanga...... 1169 252 214 Undesignated Missionaries...... 215 Missionaries at Home...... 216 Totals for Congo. 269 6352 3789

THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS MISSION—Table 3

217 Visayans...... ?1« 1 (n)«l (n)9 2 (n;65 (n)ll 14 434 325 17 (5) ?19 Iloilo...... 3 • m Bacolod...... 3 53 25 5 23 10 150 92 18 do; 221 *1 *7 *84 *70 *5 222 • m Totals for Philippine Islands...... 4 134 34 8 120 41 28 668 487 do!

i STATISTICS FOR YEAR ENDING DECExMHER 31, 1919 255

THE JAPAN MISSION—Table 4

KiHTATioNAL S t a t i s t i c s N a t iv k Contributions M e d ica l STMMARY i j Cut B

*0 H . & c; £ .£ £ s ospitals :/ C

H H G; 32 ~ O c v-'i — > ~2-

Pupils Si Si *-* •- c of of Pupils) O & Qj x J~ p A Fees paid Fees paid by Total Total Native ^ pq Contributions Including Including Fees For For Ch. Expenses, Pupils United Pupils United with Support Support of Pastors and and Other Workers For For Education (not Church Church during Year Government Government Grants Number Number of Number Number of In-Patients Number Number of Out-Patients Number Number of Dispensaries 1 1 | to Schools

17 $33 $9 $9 ft) 710 7 (n) 4532 $863 $132 235 1230 iii) 1338 4 (“ )3615 1848 187 165 2200 I '207 542 1869 43 13 1925 1162 30 129 1321 96 400 S54 38 45 917 557 25 16 598 108 171 935 20 220 IIS:...... 295 16 313 j 158 14 962 707 22 17 746 166 166 i "752 25 SI 0255 $923(5 $499 $865 $10600

THE CONGO MISSION — T abl< 4

* i 37 8-51 28 $40 S'4i $81 S0.il 133 350 i i'n 12048 $723 $440 809 37 200 200 i 20 ; 211 10 o •> l * * 1309 39 i i ‘2 $1.67 309 ] is 2 700 8392 ! 40 20 11 11 1 7000 112 103 1 10000 ] ‘J5 1SS

*132 *132 *264 *1 *7000 *109 *44 ’ 1400 *425 •> 148 2780 18000 469 1421 8 35 35 i 335 1200 8-500 291 284

1 10297 270 $1020 $490 $167 $1677 ■> 10 706 4680 78570 $8125 $1458-

THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS MIS5> 1 0 N— 1f a b l e 4

ill, !L’.r) 40 $1371 9G $96 $7 $103 1 (o)7 939 4775 (o)17496 (o)$7513 (o)$9739 393 8 1146 56 $1146 1202 *MG *7 *503 *108 *108 i------_ 15K0 55 $8020 $260 $1146 $7 $1413 1 7 939 4775 17496 $7513 $9739- 256 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY report SUMMARY OF STATISTICS—Table 1 1919] STATISTICS FOR YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 1919 2 5 7

M issionaries N a t i v e W o r k e k s SUMMARY OF STATISTICS—Table 2

P r e a c h e r s T e a c h e r s I X a tiv f. W o r k e r s C h u r c h S t a t i s t i c s E d u c a t i o n a l S t a t i s t i c s

O t h e r Pupils in S g Kative Church Members Theologi­ W o r e a n d S t a t i o n s 00 S Workers 593 ©o cal Sem­ o p inaries •SiS E® and 31* « B Training 5 a> rs v Schools 2 2 03 © 21 o3 O >*1 o 224 Totals for Burma...... 285 772 950 573 225 Totals for Assam...... 13 174 205 20 o7? 52 S2C 696 226 Totals for South India 449 (s) 227 Totals for Bengal...... 12 49 177 228 Totals for China...... 22 143 370 151 2686 1089 (843) 1124 1231 77053 3421 731 30362 211! 229 Totals for Japan...... 30 19 56 73 441 189 ( 9 6 ; 301 i 364 18201 1638 260 8935 230 Totals for Congo...... 12 164 147 13 1891 181 (41) 501 1011 74257 2948 761 18156 231 Totals for Philippine Islands 14 23 60 19 364 22 (4) 13 34 1582 66 70 2263 869 177 (28) 217 314 8792 856 221 22821 223 34 (5) 25 93 3830 287 144 10077 232 Totals, Non-Christian Lands, 1919 . 220 440 1670 2661 1373 369 37 (8) 190 256 5299 441 122 2530 233 DO. for 1918 ...... 212 443 1659 2763 133' 136 105 (2) 61 126 5359 488. 87 6573 234 Do. for 1917...... 211 450 1622 2659 1303 235 Do. for 1916...... 214 438 1677 2556 1240 236 Do. for 1915...... 221 407 1696 2362 1111 ffii 192 6979 1831 (1027) 2437 3429 194373 10145 2396 101717 553 466 237 Do. for 1914...... 224 408 1606 2176 1042 210 6J&96 1767 (1075) 2483 3360 188710 7098 2273 87932 756 588 ‘212 6872 1745 (1054) 2440 3583 186388 9770 2375 89661 723 532 238 Europe (p). 2G90 171 6673 1732 (1027) 2286 3364 183505 9977 2301 89544 594 425 22S 6378 1692 (904) 2296 3201 178441 11043 2243 86851 710 354 6054 1646 (873) 2136 3031 2177 239 Totals, Europe and Non-Christian i 172778 9185 85237 514 Lands, 1919...... 220 440 4360 2661 1373 127 240 Do. for 1918...... 212 443 4166 2763 1337* Mt>!M (SO 2690 1225 (207) 1774 147315 4628 2503 138038 241 Do. for 1917...... 211 450 4129 2659 130:-:! j ,s2 242 Do. for 1916...... 214 438 4189 2556 1240! :wi! 70 243 Do. for 1915...... 221 407 4202 2362 1111! 374 78 I IK 9669 3059 (1234) 5203 341688 14733 4899 239755 639 466 244 Do. for 1914:...... 224 408 4086 2176, 10421 -42.51 83. 210 9508 297!) (1?S7) 2483 5143 332696, 7098 4779 219489 834 588 !ll| 2 1 2 9379 2957 (1266) 2440 5366 330374 12489 4881 221218 801 532 :t! 171 9185 2937 (1239) 2286 5147 326484 12355 4811 221967 667 j 425 SUMMARY OF STATISTICS—Table 3 ,!'l '22' 8884 2895 (1116) 2296 4984 320759 13333 4738 219825 7SS| 354 I'.'S 8534 2841 (1085) 2136 4814 314671 14590 4664 216986 5941 385 E d u c a t i o n a l S t a t i s t i c s SUMMARY OF STATISTICS—Table 4 Pupils in pupils in High Secondary Schools Schools ! Ei>r< -a t i o k a l S t a t i s t i c s N a t i v e C ontributions M e d i c a l S u m m a r y

"W o r k a n d S t a t i o n s

rI c

. — C! £ 224 Totals for Burma...... 995 313 4257 1850 775 12477 225 Totals for Assam...... 34 369 74 217 3809 i " 226 Totals for South India 1141 ‘ is o 948 490 872 13947 i i 227 Totals for Bengal...... 210 332 174 131 2634 228 Totals for China...... 714 129 1158 311 232 5707 •ill 20739 315 $66792 $70876 S59S15 $42249 $275381 $129602 1486 146S0 27799 $11734 229 Totals for Japan...... 145 359 817 J259 20 559 ■i’ ’ 571 fi 410 1065 5413 34,SS 190' 15201 6915 156 23327 37029 5004 230 Totals for C ongo'...... 81 IB 269 6352 35' 211I.S!) 297 11627 22490 6493 2280 9831 9756 2095 21807 79796 14415 231 Totals for Philippine Islands 1.34 120 41 28 668' 44U5 25 1570 6697 1140 212 144 1496 10600 10600 . 377 10274 288 109347 131 15578 1326 3644 20548 54330 113663 57030 2752 25 10255 9236 499 865 10600 232 Totals, Non-christian Lands, 1919 3373 985 119 8085 3212 2544 46153 ® i 10‘2H7 270 1020 490 167 1677 706 4680 78576 8125 233 Do. for 1918... 3036 1204 129 8187 2954 2473 45064 -'■I loSO 55 3020 260 1146 1413 939 4775 17496 7513 234 Do. for 1917... 3426 1118 114 7797 3572 2515 44509 235 Do. for 1916... 3704 9% 117 7465 £021 2419 44614. 236 Do. for 1915... 4006 908 108 7877 2755 2234 40023' •321 S9752 1685 $203676 $105489 $97030 50109 $34868 $182007 9658 137199 364959 104198 237 Do. for 1914... 3635 557 111 7867 3061 2213 40883 •STSsi 1043 240837 133038 91841 182293 167974 452108 10453 80361 320396 93294 171211 138133 83125 52132 31428 166685 9828 90082 331591 46383 238 Europe (p) ... S.Vm2 1693 133141 129217 76123 68196 33110 177429 7945 75446 288871 22469 sow ! 1385 145325 120428 78355 52560 30137 161052 5881 88552 276423 36711 239 Totals. Europe and Non-ehristian *1 1 3 1 1885 114373 114761 768‘G 57509 28296 162687 5395 121231 310973 37584 Lands, 1919. 3373 985 119 8085 3212 2544 46153 240 Do. for 1918... 3056 1204 129 8187 2954 2473 45064 1148508 35329 1183837 241 Do. for 1917... 3426 1118 114 779' 3572 2515 44509 242 Do. for 191(1... 3704 996 117 7465 3021 2419 44014 *! i 243 Do. for 1915... 4066 908 108 7877 2755 2234 40023 , | 898:is; 1685 $203676 $105489 $1245538 $50109 $70197 $1365844 9658 137199 364959 §104198 244 Do. for 1914... 3635 557 111 7867 3061 2213 40884 1043 240873 133038 988011 192293 203303 13&3607 10453 80361 320396 93294 *111 S7.M7, 1608 171211 138133 979295 52132 66757 1098184 9828 90082 331591 46383 1693 133141 129217 928010 68196 68439 1064(>45 7945 75446 288871 22469 1385 145325 120428 889701 52560 6546(5 1007727 5881 88552 276423 36711 *1 81-211 j 1885 114373 114761 871165 57509 63(525 992299 5395 121231 SI0973 37584 258 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

THE EUROPEAN MISSIONS

N o t e . — On account of war conditions i t is impossible to give recent statistics.

•“* bo .§-9

C o u n t r i e s «^>•2 g SOQ

France Franco-Swiss... 0 5 0 (1)19 (1)9 (1)41 (1)1137 (1)19 0)537 (1) $8131 0)8359 (l)S81j i'raneo-Belgian ttoO ttlfi tt(6) tt29 ttl015 tt41 tt937 tt l tt3 ttl2813 tt340 t f1315L Germany (q )___ tt914 tt213 f t (115) (!) 860 tt45583 tt573 tt37462 tt l tt20 tt303203 Sweden...... 1316 666 59515 4601 tl292 71943 1 43 704435 :<>4i3 Spain...... t t l l 6 150 27 3 100 Russia (r)...... (1)159 (1) 178 (1) (49) (1)650 (1)28900 (1; 349 (1) 16184 ( i j i (ijia (i)722oi 0)3010 (!)7521 Fiulaml...... §55 §55 §(16) 52 §3190 §103 §3141 §8104 §1988 §100! ...... tt98 tt32 f t (7) ttl42 tt4226 tt91 tt5000 t t l tt25371 tt253i N o r w a y ...... W 37 0)40 (1) (5) (1)3599 (!) 32 (1)2734 (1)1 *0)8 0)14250 (i) i?5o O'lHX Totals...... 2690 1225 (207) 1774 147315 4628 2503 138038 86 $1148508 $35329 SI18353

Totals last year .. 1212 (212) 1783 143986 2506 131557 78 $896170 S35329j 8931411

REFERENCE SIGNS AND NOTES General Note.— Figures in parentheses are not included in the totals of the sections (e. g., em:i< under the heading “ Physicians, Men and Women” are not included in total missionaries in Burma, 19T as they are counted under other heads. Missionaries engaged in both general and school w o rk ar reported in parentheses in cases where a separate entry is made for the school. Statistics of “ Missivr, i i are for the year ending July 1,_ 1920, to correspond with the list given under “ Fields and Stations;'' m statistics are for the year ending December 31, 1919. ^Statistics for 1918—not including baptisms. ■(■Statistics for 1917—not including baptisms, j Statistics for 1916-^not including baptisms. ** Statistics for 1915—not including baptisms. tfStatistics for 1914—not including baptisms. IStatistics for 1913— not including baptisms. (l)Statistics for 1912— not including baptisms. (a) Small numbers of Burmese are included in the statistics for some Karen and other cluucl! (b) Statistics are included under Maubin. (c) Including statistics for Taungthu and Chin work. (d) Figures for this work are included in statistics for other races, Assamese converts being j in number and connected with churches whose members are largely from other peop. (e) Estimated. (f) Statistics are included under Work for Kachans, Goalpara. (g) Including statistics for Assamese and other Peoples. (h) Statistics included under Work of Immigrant Peoples, Golaghat. (i) Including statistics of Bhadrak and outstations of Busta, Metrapore, Ujarda, Salgodia, sor and Bampada. (j) Statistics are included under Balasore. (k) Include statistics of Union Girls’ School. (1) Include statistics of Union Hospital. (m) Represents dispensary work for two and one half months only. (n) Statistics include dormitories conduced for students in government and private schools. (o) Include statistics of dispensaries at Bacolod and outstations. (p) Detailed statistics of missions in Europe will be found on page — . (q) Apparently does not include statistics for work in the Balkan States, the Austro- H u n ga n a Empire, Holland and Switzerland. _ „ ,T (r) Statistics are for the churches of Russian Baptist Union (composed principally speaking churches). If those for the Union of Russia Baptist Churches (native Russians were included, the figures would probably be doubled. . i (s) Many stations have not tieen able to report an accurate division of church members into man and female. In such cases the total only is given. MINUTES OF THE ONE HUNDRED AND SIXTH ANNUAL MEETING

AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY

MINUTES OF THE ONE HUNDRED AND SIXTH ANNUAL MEETING

B u f fa lo , N ew Y o r k , June 23-29, 1920 The American Baptist Foreign Mission Society, in pursuance of the call previously published was called to order bv President Thomas J. Villers in the Broadway Auditorium at Buffalo, New York, at seven forty-five, Thursday evening, June 24, 1920. Prayer was offered by Rev. Benjamin Otto of Illinois. On motion of Secretary William B. Lipphard, it was

Voted: That the minutes of the One hundred and Fifth annual meeting of the Society held May 21-27, 1919, in Denver, Colorado, as printed in the Annual Report of the Society for 1919, be approved. The Annual Report of the Society was presented by Secretary William B. Lipphard and on his motion was accepted and referred to the Committee on Reports of the Cooperating Organization of the Northern Baptist Convention. Foreign Secretary Joseph C. Robbins delivered an address on “What the New World Movement Will Accomplish in British India.” He also introduced Rev. W. L. Ferguson, D.D. of South India who addressed the Society regarding the progress, oppor­ tunities and needs in the work of the South India Mission. Foreign Secretary James H. Franklin introduced Rev. Charles B. Tenny, D.D., of Japan who addressed the Society regarding the progress, opportunities and needs in the work of the Japan Mission. Foreign Secretary James H. Franklin delivered an address re­ garding the work of the Society in the Orient and the needs and opportunities faced by the Society in Europe. After prayer by Dr. Thomas J. Villers, the Society adjourned, subject to call by the Chair. 26! 262 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

S a tu rd a y Afternoon, June 26 Thfe Society was called to order by President Thomas J. Villers. Prayer was offered by Rev. J. H. Lloyd of Ohio. Foreign Secretary Joseph C. Robbins introduced Mr. R. P. Currier of Burma, Rev. S. A. D. Boggs of Assam and Rev. Zo D. Browne of Bengal-Orissa, each of whom addressed the Society regarding the work on his respective field. Foreign Secretary James H. Franklin introduced C. E. Tomp­ kins, M. D., and Rev. R. T. Capen of China and F. P. Lynch, M. D. of Congo, each of whom addressed th 'e Society regarding the work on his respective field. The Society adjourned subject to call by the Chair,

Monday Morning, June 28 The Society was called to order by President Thomas J. Villers at eleven o’clock. The following report of the Committee on Nominations was presented by Rev. S. E. Price of Ottawa, Kansas. AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY

O f f ic e r s

President, Carl E. Milliken, Maine First Vice-president, E. J. Fellman, Wisconsin Second Vice-president. Rev. Carl D. Case, Illinois Recording Secretary, William B. Lipphard, New York Treasurer. George B. Huntington, New York BOARD OF MANAGERS

Term Ending 1923 Henry Bond, Vermont Rev. Arthur C. Baldwin, Pennsylvania Rev. C. .T. Pope, Nebraska Rev. Emory Wr. Hunt, Pennsylvania William E. Blodgett, Massachusetts Orrin R. Judd, New York Rev. G. A. Hagstrom, Minnesota Prof. Paul Monroe, New York G. Ellsworth Huggins, New Jersey ANNUAL MEETING 263

On motion of Judge F. W. Freeman of Colorado, it was

Voted: That the Recording Secretary be authorized to cast the ballot on behalf of the Society. On report that the Secretary had cast the ballot the Presi­ dent declared that the persons nominated were duly elected. On motion, the Society adjourned subject to call by the Chair.

M o n d a y A f t e r n o o n , June 28

The Society, in joint session with the Woman’s Society, was called to order by President Thomas J. Villers at three o’clock. Candidate Secretary P. H. J. Lerrigo introduced the following newly appointed missionaries of the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society: Rev; and Mrs. Walter K. Allen ' * Miss Helen L. Baldwin Mr. Fred G. Christenson Mr. and Mrs. Wilford W . Cossum Mr. J. Howard Covell Rudolf L. Crook, M.D. Dr. and Mrs. Henry Walker Decker Rev. and Mrs. Frederick M. Derwacter Mr. Lloyd Eller Mr. and Mrs. Cecil G. Fielder Mr. Gordon E. Gates ■> Mr. Walter R. Greenwood Rev. Herbert E. Hinton Mr. and Mrs. Sidney V Hoi ling worth Mr. Benjamin M. Johnson Miss Inez Jones Mr. Chester L. Klein Mr. J. S. Kennard, Jr. Miss Ethel L. .Lacey Miss Edna Neher ^ Mr. and Mrs. Homer C. Nycum Miss Vida Post i . Rev. and Mrs. Louis H.-Randle t Mr. Arthur N. Reitnouer Miss Helen E..Ritnet . 1 Miss Dorothy Shaw Mr. Charles G. Smith- :. . . .» Miss Georgiaetta Steven ,264 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

Rev. and Mrs. Gustaf A. Sword Rev. Chester F. Wood Mr. and Mrs. Henry O. Wyatt Dr. and Mrs. William W . Zwick

He also presented the names of the following newly appointed missionaries who were unable to be present:

Miss Lucy P. Bonney Mr. Stewart S. Clark Howard N. Cooper, M.D. Rev. and Mrs. John W . Decker, Th.D. Rev. and Mrs. Thomas S. Denham Mr. Dryden L. Phelps Rev. and Mrs. A . S. Woodburne, Ph. D. Mr. Percy P. W . Zieman

Foreign Secretary Miss Nellie G. Prescott introduced the fol­ lowing newly appointed missionaries of the Woman’s American Baptist Foreign Mission Society.

Miss Effie L. Adams Miss Gertrude R. Anderson Miss Marion H. Boss ^Miss Genevra Brunner Miss Ethel M. Cronkite Miss Gladys A. Dorrie, R.N. Miss Dorothy Dowell Miss Marjorie Fleming • Miss Alice C. Glazier, R.N. -Miss Ruth H. Hall Miss F. Faith Hatch Miss Ethel Jones Miss Lena Keans Miss Ruth Mather Miss Charma M. Moore jkliss Ethel E. Nichols Miss Irene Pennington . Miss Freida Peter Miss Areola Pettit Miss Evelyn Speidon Miss Mabel W . Stumpf Miss Margaret Winn Miss Margaret Wolcott ANNUAL MEETING 2 6 5

Miss Prescott also presented the names of the following newly appointed missionaries who were unable to be present:

Miss A. Verna Blakely, R.N. Miss Anna R. Clark Miss Ida W . Davis Miss Myrtle C. Denison, R.N. Miss Sara B. Downer Miss Lelia B. Droz Miss Louise Jenkins Miss Millie M. Marvin, R.N. % Miss Lucy C. Palmer The following addressed the Societies on behalf of all the newly appointed missionaries: Mr. Wilford W. Cossum, Mr. Cecil G. Fielder, Rev. Herbert E. Hinton, Miss Vida Post, Rev. Chester F. Wood. Mr. Henry O. Wyatt, Miss Gertrude, R. Anderson, Miss Dorothy Dowell, Miss Marjorie Fleming, Miss Ruth Mather, Miss Charma Moore and Miss Margaret Wolcott. After prayer by Rev. C. F. Tolman, D. D. of Illinois, the Society adjourned. W il l ia m B. L ipph ard , Recording Secretary.

INDEX

PAGE District Secretaryships...... 59 Adams, Rev. and Mrs. A. S...... 148 Draper, Miss...... 130 Africa—In the Heart o f...... 44 Aitchison, J Y.-D.D...... 66 E Anderson, Dr. F. L...... 65 Armstrong, W. F. (M rs.)...... 94 East China—The Mission.. 154—159, 234 Assam: Edmands, Miss Anna AJ...... 95 Jorhat Christian Schools and Col­ Education ...... 22, 25 ton College o f...... 27 Assam ...... 120-121 The Mission...... 117—122, 230-231 Burma ...... 104-108 Ayers, Miss Flora E...... 95 China ...... 38 Japan ...... 171-174 B Philippine Islands ...... 182—186 South India ...... 129-133 Bachelor, Dr. Mary...... 139 South China ...... 146-150 liacolod ...... 1^2 West China ...... 163-166 Bailey, Dr. J. R. (Impur) ...... 30 Europe— Proposed development of Baiasore ...... 139 work in ...... 19 Baldwin, Dr. Arthur C...... 19 European Missions ...... 258 Banza Manteke...... 177 Evangelism: Bengal-Orissa: Larger Emphasis in...... , ...... 29 Industrial Training in ...... 25 In Assam ...... 118-121 The Mission...... 137—143, 232-233 In Bengal-Orissa ...... 133 Bhimpore ...... 14* In Burma ...... 103-104 Board of Managers ...... 9, 64 In Japan ...... 172-173 Rules of the...... 65 In Philippine Islands ...... 182—186 Meetings...... 66 In South India ...... 125 Board ot Promotion— General...... 3l In West China ...... 160—162 Life Work Dept, of ...... 85 Boggess, Mrs. Wheeler...... 9b F Bullard, Rev. Edwin...... 96 Burma— The Mission. .. 103-116, 22/-229 Ferguson, W. L. (D .D .)...... 21 By-Laws ...... ? Financial Report...... 188—224 Fisher, Rev. C. H. D...... 97 C Foreign Missions: Called to Higher Service...... 93 And the Peace Conference...... 14 Capiz, Panay...... Influence of Prohibition in America 46 Certificate of Auditors...... 189 France: Chanbali ...... *“ 8 James H. Franklin’s return from. . lb Change in Fiscal Year...... 30 Committee on work in Belgium and 19 Cliangning ...... 147 Franklin— Secretary James II. . . . . 18 Chaochowfu ...... 19, 20, 70, 71, 7i Chaoyang ...... 1?-—153 Fukuin Maru, The ...... 40, 173 China: And the Peace Treaty...... 36 G Education in...... • • General Representatives...... 60 Missions in ...... 144—166 German Missions...... 15, 2# New Spirit in ...... 143 Guernsey, Rev. Peter Buel...... 97 China’s Need of Missionaries...... 39 Colleges and Universities: H Chengtu— (W . China)...... 165 Cotton College ...... Hangchow...... 158 Judson, B u r m a ...... Harrington, Dr. Charles Kendall... 98 Nanking...... *46 Homes for Missionaries on Furlough 77, Shanghai Baptist...... 37 Homes for Missionaries’ Children.. 78 W. China—Union .University...... 3b Huchow...... 157 Wascda University...... ••• 4^ Hughes, Miss Lizbeth...... 33 Congo—The M ission...... 175—181, ^36 Huntington, Treasurer George B ...9, 53 Contents ...... 3 I D Iloilo, Panay...... 184 Denominational Press...... 73 Increased Cost of Land and Build­ Deputation Work of Missionaries... 62 ings...... 89 267 268 AMERICAN BAPTIST FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETY [Report

PAGE PAGE India ...... 21, 33 South India...... 123 Missions in British India...... 103-143 South China...... 144-153 Interchurch World Movement...... 54 West China...... 160-166 Mosier, Rev. Lee Hadley ...... 95 J Mukimvika ...... 177 Jamshedpur ...... 141 N Japan: Baptist Forward Movement in ... 170 Nanking...... j;o Changes in...... 39 Ningpo ...... 3 55 Changing Social Order in ...... 169 New England Baptist Library...... 74 Evangelistic Emphasis ill...... 43 New Equipment for Mission Fields 87 Financial Progress in...... 170 New Missionaries...... 82 The Mission ...... •. • • 167-174, 235 Ntondo (Ikoka)...... 180 Jaro Industrial School, at Iloilo, Panay...... 185 Tellasore ...... 138 O Joint Magazine...... 72 Officers...... 5 K Kharagpur...... 140 P Kimpese...... l /c Kinhwa...... 157 Pettigrew, Rev. William...... 31 Kityang...... ISO Philippine Islands...... 43, 237, 182-187 Preface...... 5 L Lerrigo, P. H. J. M.D...... 20, 45, 55 R Lipphard, William B...... 64, 70, 71 List of Missionaries doing Deputa­ Removal of Headquarters .to N. Y. 56 tion W ork...... 63 Robbins, Secretary Joseph C. . . . 55, 70 Literary Work in: Roberts, Wm. H.-D.D...... 93 Assam...... 122 Rockefeller, Mr. John D...... 91 Burma (Mission Press)...... 108—109 Rose, Mrs. Mary M...... 79 South India ...... 126 Literature Department...... 71 S Lukunga...... 178 Schools— Rangoon Bapt. High...... 26 M Bapatla Normal Training ...... 131 Coles-Ackerman Memorial ...... 130 Mabie Memorial School and Waseda Kaying Academy...... 146 University...... 42 Jorhat ...... 27 Marsh, Mr. (Markapur)...... 30 Mabie Memorial for Boys ...... 40 Matadi ...... 177 Nellore H. S. for Girls...... 130 Medical Work: Rhoda Roblee Barker Memorial for In Assam...... 121-122 Boys ...... 147 In Burma...... 107-108 Shanghai ...... 158 In Philippine Islands ...... 182—186 Shaohsing...... 156 In South India ...... 133—135 Shortage of Medical Missionaries.. 83 In South China ...... 150 Sona Bata...... 179 In West China ...... 162—163 Smith, D. A. W. (D .D .)...... 79 Messenger, The ...... 72 South China—The Mission.. 144—153, 233 Midnapore ...... 142 South India—The Mission. .123—136, 231 Minutes of the 106th Annual Meet­ State Promotion Directors...... 61 ing...... 261-265 Station Plan ...... 92 Missionaries— Under appointment... 238 Statistical Tables...... 239-258 Deputation work o f...... - 62 Steadman, Rev. F. W ...... 41 Honored by British Government 32 Stereoptican Departm ent...... 63 Preserving the health o f...... 45 Student Volunteer Convention...... 80 Regulations regarding activity of 35 Sunday School Campaign ...... 75 Missionary Exhibits...... 74 Survey Committee Report ...... 51 Education ...... 75 Swatow...... 148 Publicity...... 76 Salary Increase...... 83 T Missions in Assam...... 117 Three New Mission Stations...... 31 Bengal-Orissa...... 13 7-143 Tshumbiri...... 179 Burma...... 103-116 Congo ...... 175 :.S1 U Japan ...... 167-174 Philippine Islands ...... 182—187 Ungkung ...... 151-152 INDEX 269

PAGE V White, Dr. Herbert J...... 64 PAGE Witter, Dr. and Mrs. W. E...... 28 Vanga...... 180 Work: Victory Campaign of Northern Bap­ Among Criminal Tribes...... 28 tist Laymen...... 48 Among the Shans ...... 109 Among the Burmans...... 110-112 W Amonji the Karens...... 112 War: Among the Chins ...... 113 Moral Effects o f ...... IS Among the Kachins...... 114 Material Eifects o f...... 17 Among the Chinese and Indians 114 The Aftermath o f...... 144 Among the Anglo-Indians...... 115 West China— The Mission.. 160—166, 235 Among the Talains...... 116