Volume 4• Number 1• Spring 2006
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Volume 4 • Number 1 • Spring 2006 The TRUE tt JOURNAL OF CHUR C H AND MISSION facilitates critical and creative engagement with what it means to be the church and how the people of God participate in God’s mission in the world. The JOURNAL offers scholarly reflection for the purpose of faithful application. UNIVERSITY ADMINISTR A TION Dr. John M. Lilley President of the University Dr. Randlall O’Brien, Provost of the University Rev. Paul Powell, Dean of the Seminary Dr. David E. Garland, Assoc. Dean for Academic Affairs EDITORIAL BO A RD Dr. Michael W. Stroope, Faculty Advisor Kathryn Seay, Student Editor-in-Chief Ericka Bond Josh Burden Derek Hatch Adam Horton E-MA IL [email protected] PHONE (254) 710-6745 ADDRESS Truett Journal of Church and Mission George W. Truett Theological Seminary One Bear Place #97126 Waco, TX 76798-7126 ISSN 1543-3552 The Truett Journal of Church and Mission is published twice annually at the conclusion of the Spring and Fall semesters by the George W. Truett Theological Seminary of Bay- lor University (Waco, Texas). The views finally expressed do not necessarily reflect those of the University, the Seminary, or the Journal’s Editorial Board. All contents of this Journal are fully protected under copyright laws. Permission is granted to repro- duce articles for church or classroom use, provided both that clear attribution is given to the author and the Truett Journal of Church and Mission and that the reproductions are not sold for commercial purposes. For other uses, please contact the Editorial Board of the Journal. Cover Design: Fred Thayer The cover image is one of 104 etchings by the Duth artist Jan Luyken for the 1685 edition of Thieleman J. van Braght, The Bloody Theater or Martyrs Mirror of the Defenseless Christians, commonly called “The Martyrs Mirror.” Thanks to The Martyrs Mirror Trust: Kauffman Museum, Bethel College, North Newton, Kansas 67117 Mennonite Historical Library, Goshen College, Goshen, Indiana 46526 © 2006 Truett Journal of Church and Mission All rights reserved. Truett Journal of Church and Mission Vol. 4, No. 1 Spring 2006 Table of Contents 5 Contemporary Anabaptists Historiography and Theology and the Broadening of Baptist Identity An Introduction Dr. Rady Roldan-Figueroa 12 The Other Side of Community Religious Melancholy and the Bruderhof Julie Merritt 30 Has the Bruderhof Been Framed? A Response to Julie Merritt Howard Wheeler 44 Melancholy and Community? A Response to Julie Merritt John Essick 51 Journeying Towards Christian Community A Response to Julie Merritt Katie and Chris Brennan Homiak 58 Anabaptist Eccelsiological Responses to Postmodernity Knowing in Community Damon Martin 80 Autobiography as Theology Narrative Theology and Menno Simons’s Confession of My Enlightenment, Confession, and Calling Derek Hatch 101 Anabaptist Pastoral Care A Comparative Study of Responses to Suffering Ed Hett 114 Book Reviews Contemporary Anabaptists Historiography and Theology and the Broadening of Baptist Identity An Introduction DR. R A D Y R OL D A N - F I G U E R O A Why study Anabaptist theology and historiography in a Texas Baptist seminary? Why dedicate an issue of the TRUE tt JOURNAL OF CHUR C H AND MISSION to articles on Anabaptist theology? I CAN TH I NK OF SEVERAL REASONS WHY . For instance, a good reason is the relevance of the historical Anabaptist pacifist position for a time in which as a nation we are engaged not in one, but in at least three dif- ferent war fronts. A thorough examination of the Anabaptist peace witness ought to shake churches out of their complacency with the use and abuse of fear in order to mold and shape public opinion and sentiment. Another reason is the historical Anabaptist position re- garding the separation of church and state. In a time when churches, even Baptist churches, have turned toward the state for the resolution of the great moral conundrums that have befallen us as a nation, the Anabaptist witness ought to remind us of the inherent dynamism that stems from the most important resource within our reach, namely the gospel itself. Nevertheless, I want to dedicate the following paragraphs to an TJCM Vol. 4, No. 1 Spring 2006 5 Contemporary Anabaptists Historiography and Theology: An Introduction outline of yet another important reason why the study of Anabaptist theology and historiography is pertinent in a Texas Baptist seminary. Contemporary Anabaptist theology stands upon the solid foundation of a generation’s robust engagement with the The Anabaptist witness sources of its tradition. Contemporary Anabap- ought to remind us of tist theology has been able to establish an open- the inherent dynamism ended dialogue between the biblical witness to that stems from the most God’s revelation in Je- sus Christ and its own important resource within distinctive tradition, the latter informed by the our reach, namely the lives and writings of men and women who fed the gospel itself. ranks of Continental and North American Ana- baptism. In this sense, contemporary Anabaptist theology represents the most consistent and confident theological expression of the Free Church tradition, far more consistent and self-confident than Baptist theology. Accordingly, I would like to humbly suggest that Anabaptist theology and historiography provide an example that ought to be emulated by Baptists. I am not suggesting that we reduce the impor- tance of our Baptist heritage and appropriate wholesale Anabaptist theology. To the contrary, I am suggesting that as Baptists we ought to emulate Anabaptists in their turn back to the sources. The spirit of Renaissance humanism was informed by this very idea, namely the idea of the return to the sources, or ad fontes. And it was this same spirit that informed the Reformation, perhaps one of the greatest peri- ods of renewal in the history of Christianity. Just as for contemporary Anabaptists these sources can be traced in their origin to sixteenth- century Continental Anabaptism, the sources that ought to be initially tapped by Baptists today are the lives and writings of seventeenth- century English Baptists, and even the sixteenth-century Separatists before them. This is not to say that there are no historical connections between Baptists and Anabaptists, nor to deny that there is much that we as Baptists can learn about sixteenth-century Continental Anabap- tists. It is just to affirm the historical and theological significance of the earliest formative period in Baptist history. A return to the sources can only inject new dynamism into Baptist 6 TRUE tt JOURNAL OF CHUR C H AND MISSION Rady Roldan-Figueroa theology, a dynamism that, with few exceptions, has been lost in the midst of denominational strife and the resulting sad state of Baptist life in the United States. Indeed, serious engagement with historical Baptist sources can potentially move Baptist theological reflection be- yond denominational strife. In fact, what we stand to discover is the historical complexity, the plurality of voices, and the significant di- versity of views that informed early English Baptists. This discovery would allow us to think of Baptists in new ways, ways that would al- low for a broadening of Baptist identity. But before I continue, I will provide a brief outline of the contours of Anabaptist historiography that will allow the reader to better understand the present proposal. Anabaptist historiography has significantly evolved in the last half century. A view that dominated Anabaptist historiography well into the 1970s was best represented by Harold S. Bender (1897-1962), founder of the Mennonite Quarterly Review (1927).1 It affirmed the cen- tral role played by Swiss Anabaptism in the origins of the movement. From this perspective, Anabaptism was represented as essentially a monolithic tradition that can be traced to a circle of Zurich human- ists who initially gathered around the figure of Ul- rich Zwingli (1484-1531) A return to the sources in the first half of the 1520s. Deviations from can only inject new central tenets of the movement as articulated dynamism into Baptist by representatives as- sembled at Schleitheim in theology, a dynamism that, 1527 have been considered from this standpoint as with few exceptions, has not real manifestations of been lost in the midst of the essential Anabaptist character.2 Indeed, oth- denominational strife and er forms of Anabaptism that emerged around the the resulting sad state of time of the Peasants’ War (1525) are quickly dis- Baptist life in the United qualified from this rather confessional perspective States. and not seriously consid- ered in historical terms. This view is better known today as the “monogenesis” thesis. In the 1970s, the face of Anabaptist historiography was sig- nificantly changed. The historical complexity of the origins of the TJCM Vol. 4, No. 1 Spring 2006 7 Contemporary Anabaptists Historiography and Theology: An Introduction Anabaptists (des Taufertums) was increasingly acknowledged as well as the plurality of dissident religious expressions emerging in the 1520s throughout the lands of the Holy Roman Empire and elsewhere in Western and Central Europe. A major impetus in the revision of Ana- baptist historiography came from the work of George W. Williams. His The Radical Reformation stands as an important milestone not only in Anabaptist historiogra- phy, but in Reformation Anabaptist theologians studies in general.3 Williams managed to have demonstrated integrate in a sweep- ing narrative, beginning remarkable adeptness with Juan de Valdés in the Iberian Peninsula in the integration of and extending to Eastern Europe, a conglomerate historiographical findings of otherwise dissimilar figures and religious im- and conclusions into their pulses under the label of the Radical Reformation. doctrinal formulations. While scholars reacted in different ways to the overarching narrative provided by Williams, his notion of the Radical Reformation turned out to be highly appealing as it captured the complexity and plurality of forms of religious dissidence throughout Germany in the 1520s.