Justice and Repression in Communist Romania
•holidays religious Justice and Repression in Communist Romania: takepart The Trial of Greek-Catholic Bishop Alexandru Rusu in 1957 · emned, '·order to Ioan-Marius Bucur ted the Babe§-Bolyai University,Cluj-Napoca Abstract In early July, 1957, the Greek-Catholic Bishop of Maramure§, Alexandru Rusu was sentenced, following a mock trial, to a lifetime heavy detention. Thus, in the year that has to be the 73rd anniversary, Bishop Rusu had to face, again, almost two years after its dischargein the"relative freedom", the rigors of communist prisons. This time,the prison experience of would be fatal, bishop Rusu ceasing from living on May 9, 1963. The present study, that take advantage of both recent history and unpublished archives sources, aims to reconstruct the internal and external círcumstances in which the trial occurred and the stakes of the judicial presentations. In the same time,the study seeks to argue the limits of destalinization in the middle of the sixth decade of the last century, illustrated by the violent answer of the Communist authorities to the movement of Greek-Catholics in the summer of 1956. Last but not least, the study reveals the importantrole of the SecretPolice (Securitatea)and communist justice in the constructionof the political guilt and repression. Keywords: Greek-Catholic Church, communism, repression, détente, communistjustice, trial. Rezumat Justiµe §i represiune in Romania comunista: procesul episcopului greco-catolic Alexandru Rusu din 1957. La inceputul lunii iulie 1957, episcopul grece><atolic de Maramure§, Alexandru Rusu era condamnat, in urma unui simulacru judiciar, la temnita,grea pe viata,. Ínanul incare avea sa implineasca73 de ani, episcopul Rusu avea sa infrunte, din nou, la mai bine de doi ani de la punereasa in„relativa libertate", rigorile inchisorilor comuniste.De aceasta data, experienta carcerala aveasa-i fiefatala, episcopul incetand din viata, la 9 mai 1963.
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