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Love Needs As the Obstruction of Mr LOVE NEEDS AS THE OBSTRUCTION OF MR. LEWISHAM’S ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION IN H. G. WELLS’ LOVE AND MR. LEWISHAM AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By IKA CHRISNAWATI KURNIADI Student Number: 034214019 ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAMME DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2007 LOVE NEEDS AS THE OBSTRUCTION OF MR. LEWISHAM’S ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION IN H. G. WELLS’ LOVE AND MR. LEWISHAM AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By IKA CHRISNAWATI KURNIADI Student Number: 034214019 ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAMME DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2007 i ii A Sarjana Sastra Undergraduate Thesis LOVE NEEDS AS THE OBSTRUCTION OF MR. LEWISHAM’S ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION IN H. G. WELLS’ LOVE AND MR. LEWISHAM By IKA CHRISNAWATI KURNIADI Student Number: 034214019 Yogyakarta, June 30, 2007. Faculty of Letters Sanata Dharma University Dean iii Rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation, continuing steadfastly in prayer Romans 12 : 12 iv Dedicated to Papa JC, my beloved parents, my brothers, and the ‘golden dragons’. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, I would like to thank God because of His guidance during my thesis writing. I am so grateful that Jesus Christ always strengthens me when I am weak and never leaves me alone when I need ideas and encouragement. I would like to express my gratitude to my advisor, Dra. Th. Enny Anggraini, M. A., for the precious times, ideas, supports, and suggestions during the consultation, and for her patience in reading and putting right the mistakes in my undergraduate thesis. I also thank my co-advisor, Ni Luh Putu R., S. S., M. Hum., for the pleasant discussion and for the correction of my inaccuracies in writing the thesis. I thank all lecturers for their guidance during my study, and the USD staffs for being very helpful in the process of my study. I would like to show my gratitude to my beloved parents for their encouragements, to both of my brothers, and to my little niece, Selyne, who always comforts me with her smile. I am grateful for having the ‘Lemoterz’ – Melmot, Grace, B-Daq, T-tyn, and Ocha – as my best friends at any times during my study in Jogja. Their uniqueness and support will always stay close to my heart. I am indebted for the ideas and support from my ‘zeal’ during my thesis writing. The last but not the least, I also thank to Vina, Irene, Yona, C’Joice, Ita for their prayer, and to my team in KKN – Grace, Frida, Prita, Putri – for the good teamwork. Ika Chrisnawati K. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE …………………………………………………..………. i APPROVAL PAGE ……………………………………………………. ii ACCEPTANCE PAGE ………………………………………………… iii MOTTO PAGE ………………………………………………………… iv DEDICATION PAGE …………………………………………………. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS …………………………………………… vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ……………………………………………… vii ABSTRACT …………………………………………………………….. ix ABSTRAK ……………………………………………………………… x CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ……………………………………… 1 A. Background of the Study …………………………………….. 1 B. Problem Formulation ………………………………………… 3 C. Objectives of the Study ………………………………………. 3 D. Definition of Terms ………………………………………….. 3 CHAPTER II: THEORETICAL REVIEW …………………………... 5 A. Review of Related Studies …………………………………… 5 B. Review of Related Theories ………………………………….. 8 1. Theory of Character and Characterization ...………….. 8 2. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs ………………………... 10 3. Theory of Human Motivation ………………………… 12 4. Theory of Interpersonal Attraction …………………… 16 5. Theory of Love ……………………………………….. 18 C. Theoretical Framework ………………………………………. 21 CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY …………………………………… 23 A. Object of the Study …………………………………………... 23 B. Approach of the Study ……………………………………….. 24 C. Method of the Study ………………………………………….. 25 CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS …………………………………………….. 27 A. The Portrayal of Mr. Lewisham’s Achievement Motivation …. 27 1. Mr. Lewisham’s Behavior and Characteristics ……….. 28 2. Mr. Lewisham’s Environment ...………………………. 32 B. Factors that Obstruct Mr. Lewisham’s Achievement Motivation and the Result ...……………………………………………….. 34 1. Conflict with Previous Habits ……………….………... 34 2. Conflict between Motives …………………………….. 40 3. Vacillation within Mr. Lewisham’s Mind ……………. 44 vii CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION …………………………………………. 49 BIBLIOGRAPHY ……………………………………………………….. 53 APPENDICES …………………………………………………………… 55 Appendix 1 Summary of Love and Mr. Lewisham ………………. 55 Appendix 2 Biography of H. G. Wells …………………………… 57 viii ABSTRACT IKA CHRISNAWATI KURNIADI (2007). Love Needs as the Obstruction of Mr. Lewisham’s Achievement Motivation in H. G. Wells’ Love and Mr. Lewisham. Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Sanata Dharma University. The main subject of this thesis is taken from one of H. G. Wells’ novels entitled Love and Mr. Lewisham. Considering human needs, Mr. Lewisham as the main character in the story undergoes a conflict between his love needs and esteem needs. His achievement motivation, as the representation of his esteem needs, confronts several obstacles since the matter of love comes into his life. Mr. Lewisham’s choice to ignore his achievement motivation brings him into failures and dreary domesticity with a girl named Ethel Henderson. There are two objectives in this study. The first is to find out the way Mr. Lewisham’s achievement motivation is portrayed in the novel. Then it also aims to discover some factors that obstruct Mr. Lewisham’s achievement motivation and the results towards his life. Library research was employed as the method of this study. The writer used H. G. Wells’ Love and Mr. Lewisham as the primary source, while other references related to the novel were applied as the secondary sources. In order to answer the problems, psychological approach was employed together with theories on character and characterization, human needs, human motivation, interpersonal attraction, and love. For the first analysis, the writer finds that from the beginning of the story, Mr. Lewisham has already had an achievement motivation to be a scientist. Therefore, the main theme of his speech and acts is about knowledge. It is seen through his jobs as a teacher, through his characteristics as an achiever – such as discipline, organized, makes friends with intellectual people, involves in college community and activities, and enthusiastic –, through his room – where scientific books, literary texts, trophy, Schema, and timetable can be seen –, and through his relationship with others. The answer for the next problem reveals three factors that obstruct Mr. Lewisham’s achievement motivation. First, there is conflict with previous habits. His acquaintance with Ethel Henderson has destroyed his good habits, and it means the beginning of the obliteration of his achievement motivation. The next factor is the occurrence of conflict between motives. In this case is conflict between his love needs and esteem needs. Then, vacillation within Mr. Lewisham’s mind becomes the last factor. As Mr. Lewisham takes the wrong choice, therefore he fails to attain his ambition. ix ABSTRAK IKA CHRISNAWATI KURNIADI (2007). Love Needs as the Obstruction of Mr. Lewisham’s Achievement Motivation in H. G. Wells’ Love and Mr. Lewisham. Yogyakarta: Jurusan Sastra Inggris, Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Sanata Dharma. Pokok pembahasan utama tesis ini bersumber dari salah satu novel karya H. G. Wells yang berjudul Love and Mr. Lewisham. Berbicara mengenai kebutuhan manusia, Mr. Lewisham sebagai tokoh utama dalam cerita ini mengalami konflik antara kebutuhan akan kasih sayang dengan kebutuhan akan penghargaan diri. Ketika dia mulai mengenal cinta, motivasi pencapaian Mr. Lewisham sebagai lambang atas kebutuhan akan penghargaan dirinya menghadapi beberapa hambatan. Pilihan Mr. Lewisham untuk mengabaikan motivasinya tersebut mengakibatkan dia gagal dalam karirnya dan hidup dalam rumah tangga yang kurang harmonis bersama Ethel Henderson. Ada dua tujuan dalam studi ini. Yang pertama yaitu untuk mencari bagaimana motivasi pencapaian Mr. Lewisham digambarkan dalam novel tersebut. Kemudian studi ini juga bertujuan untuk menemukan beberapa faktor yang menjadi penghambat bagi motivasi pencapaian Mr. Lewisham dan bagaimana dampaknya terhadap kehidupan Mr. Lewisham. Studi ini menggunakan metode studi pustaka. Penulis memakai novel karya H. G. Wells berjudul Love and Mr. Lewisham sebagai sumber utama, sementara referensi lain yang berkaitan dengan novel tersebut dijadikan sebagai sumber kedua. Guna menjawab permasalahan, pendekatan psikologi diaplikasikan bersamaan dengan teori-teori tentang karakter dan karakterisasi, kebutuhan manusia, motivasi manusia, ketertarikan antar-perseorangan, dan cinta. Untuk analisis yang pertama, penulis mendapati bahwa dari awal cerita, Mr. Lewisham telah memiliki sebuah motivasi pencapaian menjadi seorang ilmuwan. Oleh karena itu, tema utama dari percakapan dan perilakunya berkaitan dengan pengetahuan. Hal ini terlihat melalui pekerjaannya sebagai guru, dalam karakteristiknya sebagai orang sukses – disiplin, teratur, berteman dengan orang- orang intelektual, bergabung dalam kegiatan dan komunitas kampus, dan bersemangat –, melalui kamar tidurnya – dimana buku-buku pengetahuan, teks- teks sastra, piala, Skema, dan daftar kegiatan terlihat –, dan dalam pergaulannya dengan orang lain. Jawaban atas permasalahan selanjutnya mengungkapkan adanya tiga faktor yang menghambat motivasi pencapaian Mr. Lewisham.
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