DOCSLIB.ORG

The Intersection of Race, Class, and Gender in Higher Education: Implications for Discrimination and Policy

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Intersection of Race, Class, and Gender in Higher Education: Implications for Discrimination and Policy The Intersection of Race, Class, and Gender in Higher Education: Implications for Discrimination and Policy by Tiffany Monique Griffin A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Psychology) in The University of Michigan 2009 Doctoral Committee: Professor Richard D. Gonzalez, Chair Professor Phillip J. Bowman Professor James S. Jackson Associate Professor Tabbye M. Chavous Associate Professor Elizabeth R. Cole © Tiffany Monique Griffin All rights reserved 2009 Acknowledgments I would first like to thank God for putting the obstacles in my life that have greatly shaped my worldview and then for putting the formal and informal mentors in my life who would help me overcome those barriers. I would like to thank those who believed in me when I did not believe in myself, who encouraged, supported, and pushed me when I wanted to stop. I’d like to thank Auntie Karen for being my original surrogate mom. If it wasn’t for you, I would not have made it through childhood. And G-Dad (rest in peace) and Paulette (Ma) (rest in peace) for stepping in during my high school years. If not for you, I wouldn’t have made it through adolescence. I’d like to thank Ms. Keenan for instilling in me an appreciation for the beauty of the written word, Mrs. DiMichelle for letting me skip classes in order to work on my college applications, and Kalena for being my number one role model (even though you had no idea!). I’d like to thank Mom for chronically praising my academic accomplishments, for bragging (even though it annoyed me), and for being proud. And Nana (Sam) for sending me money for ‘ice cream,’ for always being so happy about everything thing that I did, for listening, for consoling, for putting me up during data collection ☺, for visiting, for cake (and pie) and for keeping me semi-stylish during graduate school. I’d like to thank Dr. Matelski for showing me how amazing teaching can be. I’d like to thank Dr. Morelli for pushing me past my discontent of undergraduate psychology and for being the first person to connect psychology and policy. I’d like to thank Drs. Janet Helms and Hassell McCollougm for mentoring me during my final, yet pivotal days at Boston College. You illuminated the ii process of applying to graduate school, told me that I had to go to Michigan, and made completely lucid what role I played in shaping my educational future. I’d like to thank Dr. Donald Brown of BC’s AHANA who stepped in during the most grim days of undergrad. I’d like to thank Dr. Phoebe Ellsworth for being just plain awesome and Lingling at CSCAR for patience and invaluable help with my analyses! I would like to thank my AMAZING, dedicated, intelligent, mature, fantastically superb research assistants to whom I am COMPLETELY indebted for the completion of my dissertation. I’d like to thank the UM Psychology Department, the Black Students Psychological Association, Courtney (my new sister!), Teresa (my twin!), Sara, Christina, Manan, Carmela, Keith, Keyla, Nana (Lula), Greatnana, Cassie, Enrique, Dr. Annie Jones, Rossi Ray-Taylor, Lynise, Sandra Bingham, Jose, Francine, Derrick and Noemi, Toya, Leah, Rosario, and other family members and friends who never ceased to make me feel so proud of my accomplishments. It truly takes a village, and I am grateful for all of the support, laughs, poems, hugs, emails, texts, and visits you have given me throughout the years! I would like to thank The Necto for great Friday nights, Espresso Royale for discounts on brewed drinks, Panera for free samples, Hip Hop and Samba for keeping me sane, and Whole Foods, Zingermans’, Eve, and Pacific Rim for satisfying my cravings for overpriced ‘bougsie’ food. And last but definitely not least, I would like to thank my committee. When I decided to apply for graduate school in psychology, I had just finished reading The Autobiography of Assata Shakur. This book immediately sparked my love for and now obsession with revolutionary memoirs. While the technical definition of a revolutionary is “a person who either participates in or advocates revolution,” my iii conception of a revolutionary is: someone who respects the past enough to change the present and to redefine the future; someone who can use enough force to demonstrate compassion; someone who can critically assess problems (with the sugar coating left to conventionalists) yet instill the hope that people need to combat those problems; someone who leads while listening; someone who inspires with humility; someone who empowers by example; someone who sees the creativity in artistic strategy; and someone who recognizes and accepts responsibility without assuming that one can control the uncontrollable. And over the past five years, the more and more I thought about being a revolutionary, the more and more I realized that I would use the same exact definition to denote a mentor. And the more and more I realized that I can make this connection between being a revolutionary and being a mentor because my committee members have showed me by example. Thank you does not express my gratitude, but I will say it anyway. Thank you. Thank you, thank you, thank you for being first hand illustrators of the type of mentor, advisor, innovator, and education I aspire to one day be. iv Table of Contents Acknowledgements ……………………………………………………………………….ii List of Tables ……………………………………………………………………………vii List of Figures …………………………………………………………………………..viii Abstract …………………………………………………………………………………...x Chapter 1: Introduction ……………………………………………………………….......1 The Conceptual Framework ………………………………………………………3 The Three Papers …………………………………………………………………4 Chapter 2: Applying Discrimination Perpetration to the Study of Educational Disparities: A Social Psychological (Yet Interdisciplinary) Approach………………………………...9 Discrimination Perpetration Revealed …………………………………………..11 Intersectionality and Discrimination Perpetration ……………………………....24 Considering Context …………………………………………………………….32 Summary and Conclusions ……………………………………………………...35 Chapter 3: Women and Minorities ………………………………………………………49 Method …………………………………………………………………………..54 Results …………………………………………………………………………...58 Discussion ……………………………………………………………………….60 Chapter 4: Race or Class? ……………………………………………………………….81 Method …………………………………………………………………………..89 v Results …………………………………………………………………………...91 Discussion …………………………………………………………………….....94 Chapter 5: Conclusion ………………………………………………………………….113 Summary of Major Findings …………………………………………………...113 Methodological Challenges and Limitations …………………………………..116 Future Directions ………………………………………………………………118 Implications …………………………………………………………………….119 Conclusion: Why Study Systematic Biases in Affirmative Action Endorsement as a Measure of Discrimination Perpetration? ……………………………………122 vi List of Tables Table 3.1 Names Pre-Test Version A (Percentages): The Top Three Whitest and Blackest Names ………………………………………………………………….66 Table 3.2 Names Pre-Test Version B (Means): Ranking the Top Whitest and Blackest Names ………………………………………………………………….67 Table 3.3 Endorsement Rates of at Least One Gender-Based Affirmative Action Program Type by Gender ………………………………………………………..68 Table 3.4 Logistic Regression Analyses for Endorsements of at Least One Gender-Based Affirmative Action Type: Main Effects for Race and Gender, Interaction Effects for Race x Gender …………………………………………..69 Table 3.5 Logistic Regression Analyses for Endorsements of at Least One Gender-Based Affirmative Action Type: Condition Effects ……………………70 Table 4.1 Endorsement Rates of Social Class-Based Affirmative Action by Gender ………………………………………………………………………….103 Table 4.2 Logistic Regression Analyses for Endorsements of Social Class-Based Affirmative Action ……………………………………………………………..104 vii List of Figures Figure 2.1 Psychological Approaches to Studying Discrimination ……………………..37 Figure 3.1 Schematic Representation of Distributive Justice-Based Predictions for Female Powerholders …………………………………………………………………………….71 Figure 3.2a Schematic Representation of Distributive Justice-Based Predictions for Male Powerholders …………………………………………………………………………….72 Figure 3.2b Schematic Representation of Predictions of Distributive Justice-Based Predictions for Male Powerholders ……………………………………………………...73 Figure 3.3a Schematic Representation of Predictions for Male Powerholders Based on the Subordinate Male Threat Hypothesis ……………………………………………………74 Figure 3.3b Schematic Representation of Predictions for Male Powerholders Based on the Subordinate Male Threat Hypothesis ……………………………………………………75 Figure 3.4 Schematic Representation of Predictions for Male Powerholders Based on (Additive) Multiple Jeopardy Hypotheses ………………………………………………76 Figure 4.1 Female Endorsement Patterns for Social Class-Based Affirmative Action for Targets from Low Social Class Backgrounds ………………………………………….105 Figure 4.2 Female Endorsement Patterns for Social Class-Based Affirmative Action for Targets from High Social Class Backgrounds …………………………………………106 Figure 4.3 Male Endorsement Patterns for Social Class-Based Affirmative Action for Targets from Low Social Class Backgrounds ………………………………………….107 viii Figure 4.4 Male Endorsement Patterns for Social Class-Based Affirmative Action for Targets from High Social Class Backgrounds………………………………………….108 ix Abstract This dissertation examined how discrimination perpetration, operationalized as systematic biases against low power targets in affirmative action endorsement, influenced access to higher education within and between groups. The dissertation provided a description and review of discrimination
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Multiple Jeopardy in the Works of African American Writers and Maya Angelou P.Jayageetha#1, Dr.S.S
    Journal of Interdisciplinary Cycle Research ISSN NO: 0022-1945 Multiple jeopardy in the works of African American writers and Maya Angelou P.Jayageetha#1, Dr.S.S. Jansirani*2. # Research Scholar, PG and Research Department of English, Government Arts College, Trichy, Tamilnadu-22. Abstract— The Twentieth century has been a period of intense literary activity for African American women writers. It was a time when for the first time these talented writers started to write and empress their creative genius, Maya Angelou and women writers started to express themselves truly for the first time. Their works portray their growth, struggle. African American women writers have given readers powerful insights into grim issues such as race, gender and class, but before one makes a deep inquiry into the works of these women writers, it is highly essential to know about their past. Keywords— Ieopardy, Racism, Classicism, Sexism, Pejorative. I. INTRODUCTION The twentieth century has been an epoch making era for the African American literary tradition because of the significant contributions made by African American women writers during this century. African American women writers such as Zora Neale Hurston, Ann Petry, Paule Marshall, Toni Morrison, Alice Walker, Gloria Naylor and many others have rewritten the existing literary traditions by expressing themselves and creating a deep impact on the African American, literary arena. The works of these women writers reverberate with self-expression, thus achieving a canonical status and enriching not only African American but also the American literary world. These writers write not only about themselves, but also about African American women.
    [Show full text]
  • Intersectional Invisibility (2008).Pdf
    Sex Roles DOI 10.1007/s11199-008-9424-4 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Intersectional Invisibility: The Distinctive Advantages and Disadvantages of Multiple Subordinate-Group Identities Valerie Purdie-Vaughns & Richard P. Eibach # Springer Science + Business Media, LLC 2008 Abstract The hypothesis that possessing multiple subordi- Without in any way underplaying the enormous nate-group identities renders a person “invisible” relative to problems that poor African American women face, I those with a single subordinate-group identity is developed. want to suggest that the burdens of African American We propose that androcentric, ethnocentric, and heterocentric men have always been oppressive, dispiriting, demor- ideologies will cause people who have multiple subordinate- alizing, and soul-killing, whereas those of women group identities to be defined as non-prototypical members of have always been at least partly generative, empower- their respective identity groups. Because people with multiple ing, and humanizing. (Patterson 1995 pp. 62–3) subordinate-group identities (e.g., ethnic minority woman) do not fit the prototypes of their respective identity groups (e.g., ethnic minorities, women), they will experience what we have Introduction termed “intersectional invisibility.” In this article, our model of intersectional invisibility is developed and evidence from The politics of research on the intersection of social historical narratives, cultural representations, interest-group identities based on race, gender, class, and sexuality can politics, and anti-discrimination legal frameworks is used to at times resemble a score-keeping contest between battle- illustrate its utility. Implications for social psychological weary warriors. The warriors display ever deeper and more theory and research are discussed. gruesome battle scars in a game of one-upmanship, with each trying to prove that he or she has suffered more than Keywords Intersectionality.
    [Show full text]
  • Black Feminism Reimagined After Intersectionality Jennifer C. Nash
    black feminism reimagined after intersectionality jennifer c. nash next wave New Directions in Women’s Studies A series edited by Inderpal Grewal, Caren Kaplan, and Robyn Wiegman jennifer c. nash black feminism reimagined after intersectionality Duke University Press Durham and London 2019 © 2019 Duke University Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid- free paper ∞ Designed by Courtney Leigh Baker and typeset in Whitman and Futura by Graphic Composition, Inc., Bogart, Georgia Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Names: Nash, Jennifer C., [date] author. Title: Black feminism reimagined : after intersectionality / Jennifer C. Nash. Description: Durham : Duke University Press, 2019. | Series: Next wave | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: lccn 2018026166 (print) lccn 2018034093 (ebook) isbn 9781478002253 (ebook) isbn 9781478000433 (hardcover : alk. paper) isbn 9781478000594 (pbk. : alk. paper) Subjects: lcsh: Womanism—United States. | Feminism— United States. | Intersectionality (Sociology) | Feminist theory. | Women’s studies—United States. | Universities and colleges— United States—Sociological aspects. Classification: lcc hq1197 (ebook) | lcc hq1197 .n37 2019 (print) | ddc 305.420973—dc23 lc record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018026166 cover art: Toyin Ojih Odutola, The Uncertainty Principle, 2014. © Toyin Ojih Odutola. Courtesy of the artist and Jack Shainman Gallery, New York. contents Acknowledgments vii introduction. feeling black feminism 1 1. a love letter from a critic, or notes on the intersectionality wars 33 2. the politics of reading 59 3. surrender 81 4. love in the time of death 111 coda. some of us are tired 133 Notes 139 Bibliography 157 Index 165 acknowledgments Over the course of writing this book, I moved to a new city, started a new job, and welcomed a new life into the world.
    [Show full text]
  • Jeopardy, Consciousness, and Multiple Discrimination: Intersecting Inequalities in Contemporary Western Europe
    Sociological Forum, Vol. 30, No. 4, December 2015 DOI: 10.1111/socf.12204 © 2015 The Author. Sociological Forum published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Eastern Sociological Society. Jeopardy, Consciousness, and Multiple Discrimination: Intersecting Inequalities in Contemporary Western Europe Catherine E. Harnois1 Theories of intersectionality argue that individuals with multiple minority statuses often face mistreatment that stems from multiple, interlocking systems of inequality. King (1988) refers to this phenomenon as “mul- tiple jeopardy,” and argues that those who experience multiple jeopardy often develop a “multiple conscious- ness”—an awareness of multiple systems of inequality working with and through one another. This study analyzes recent survey data to assess perceived multiple jeopardy and its relationship to multiple conscious- ness in the context of contemporary Western Europe. Findings provide support for intersectionality, as indi- viduals who hold multiple minority statuses are more likely than others to perceive having personally experienced multiple forms of discrimination, and are more likely to view multiple discrimination (discrimi- nation based on multiple social statuses) as a widespread social phenomenon. Controlling for other factors, personal experiences with multiple forms of discrimination (“multiple jeopardy”) are associated with greater multiple consciousness. Personal experiences with discrimination based on a single dimension of inequality (“single jeopardy”) also facilitate multiple consciousness, however, though not to the same degree. The con- clusion highlights the importance of intersectionality for future research and policy concerning discrimination. KEY WORDS: discrimination; ethnicity; Europe; gender; intersectionality; survey research. INTRODUCTION Over the past two decades, the concept of intersectionality has become increas- ingly central to sociological scholarship, as well as to social science research more generally.
    [Show full text]
  • Resisting the Tendency to Disconnect
    INTERSECTIONALITY IN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 1 Intersectionality Research in Psychological Science: Resisting the Tendency to Disconnect, Dilute, and Depoliticize NiCole T. Buchanan & Lauren O. Wiklund Michigan State University Department of Psychology East Lansing, MI, US This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article accepted for publication in Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology on 11/30/2020. The final authenticated version is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10802-020-00748-y Author Note NiCole T. Buchanan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9288-5245 Lauren O. Wiklund https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9997-0813 Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to NiCole T. Buchanan, Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, 316 Physics Rd, East Lansing, MI, 48824. E-mail: [email protected]. INTERSECTIONALITY IN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2 Abstract Psychological science has been slow to incorporate intersectionality as a concept and as a framework for conducting research. This limits not only the potential for intersectionality theory, but also limits the potential impact of the research claiming to use it. Mennies and colleagues conducted a study of psychopathology and treatment utilization using a large racially diverse sample of youth and frame their work as intersectional because they compare across three social categories (race, sex, and social class) and consider social issues that may impact the groups studied. We argue that while this represents a preliminary step, it does not represent intersectionality theory and praxis. In this article we review intersectional theory and praxis, examine psychological science and its resistance to fully incorporating intersectionality, and highlight how research must shift to be truly intersectional.
    [Show full text]
  • Black Feminist Thought
    Praise for the first edition of Black Feminist Thought “The book argues convincingly that black feminists be given, in the words immor- talized by Aretha Franklin, a little more R-E-S-P-E-C-T....Those with an appetite for scholarese will find the book delicious.” —Black Enterprise “With the publication of Black Feminist Thought, black feminism has moved to a new level. Collins’ work sets a standard for the discussion of black women’s lives, experiences, and thought that demands rigorous attention to the complexity of these experiences and an exploration of a multiplicity of responses.” —Women’s Review of Books “Patricia Hill Collins’ new work [is] a marvelous and engaging account of the social construction of black feminist thought. Historically grounded, making excellent use of oral history, interviews, music, poetry, fiction, and scholarly literature, Hill pro- poses to illuminate black women’s standpoint. .Those already familiar with black women’s history and literature will find this book a rich and satisfying analysis. Those who are not well acquainted with this body of work will find Collins’ book an accessible and absorbing first encounter with excerpts from many works, inviting fuller engagement. As an overview, this book would make an excellent text in women’s studies, ethnic studies, and African-American studies courses, especially at the upper-division and graduate levels. As a meditation on the deeper implications of feminist epistemology and sociological practice, Patricia Hill Collins has given us a particular gift.” —Signs “Patricia Hill Collins has done the impossible. She has written a book on black feminist thought that combines the theory with the most immediate in feminist practice.
    [Show full text]
  • A Social Dominance and Intersectionalist Perspective
    The Theory of Gendered Prejudice: A Social Dominance and Intersectionalist Perspective Oxford Handbooks Online The Theory of Gendered Prejudice: A Social Dominance and Intersectionalist Perspective Jim Sidanius, Sa-Kiera T. J. Hudson, Gregory Davis, and Robin Bergh The Oxford Handbook of Behavioral Political Science Edited by Alex Mintz and Lesley Terris Subject: Political Science, Political Behavior Online Publication Date: Sep 2018 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190634131.013.11 Abstract and Keywords Over the last twenty-five years or so, there has been a growing awareness among race and gender scholars that a fully adequate analysis of these two forms of societal oppression cannot be done in isolation from one another. That is, an understanding of racism and sexism is fundamentally incomplete without an appreciation of how race and gender intersect and interact with one another in the creation and maintenance of group- based hierarchy and oppression. This chapter argues that while intersectionalist and critical race theorists have qualitatively (and occasionally quantitatively) drawn attention to the fact that the racial and gender dimensions of oppression are both interactively implicated in the maintenance of group-based inequality, a fully satisfactory empirical analysis of the dynamics of racism and sexism has yet to be achieved. Using the theoretical frameworks of evolutionary psychology and social dominance theory (SDT), this chapter offers an alternative understanding of the intersectional entanglement of racism and sexism. This chapter introduces the theory of gendered prejudice, a derivative of SDT, and posits that a satisfactory account of racism, or what social dominance theorists generalize as “arbitrary-set” oppression, is a deeply gendered phenomenon.
    [Show full text]
  • The Invisibility of Privilege: a Critique of Intersectional Models of Identity Anna Carastathis
    Document generated on 09/23/2021 12:23 p.m. Les ateliers de l'éthique The Ethics Forum The Invisibility of Privilege: A critique of intersectional models of identity Anna Carastathis Volume 3, Number 2, Fall 2008 Article abstract In this paper, I argue that intersectionality, the prevailing way of URI: https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/1044594ar conceptualizing the relation between axes or systems of oppression (race, class, DOI: https://doi.org/10.7202/1044594ar gender), illicitly imports the very model it purports to overcome: that is, the unitary model of identity. I first define “intersectionality” and distinguish See table of contents between three senses that are frequently conflated. Then I subject the model to an analytic critique, revealing its hidden presuppositions about identity. Finally, I suggest that solidarity serves as a better norm for feminist practice Publisher(s) than inclusion of “difference,” which seems to be the norm underlying many intersectional accounts. Centre de recherche en éthique de l’Université de Montréal ISSN 1718-9977 (digital) Explore this journal Cite this article Carastathis, A. (2008). The Invisibility of Privilege: A critique of intersectional models of identity. Les ateliers de l'éthique / The Ethics Forum, 3(2), 23–38. https://doi.org/10.7202/1044594ar Tous droits réservés © Centre de recherche en éthique de l’Université de This document is protected by copyright law. Use of the services of Érudit Montréal, 2008 (including reproduction) is subject to its terms and conditions, which can be viewed online. https://apropos.erudit.org/en/users/policy-on-use/ This article is disseminated and preserved by Érudit.
    [Show full text]
  • Racializing Gender: Public Opinion at the Intersection Erin C
    Politics & Gender, 11 (2015), 1–26. Racializing Gender: Public Opinion at the Intersection Erin C. Cassese West Virginia University Tiffany D. Barnes University of Kentucky Regina P. Branton University of North Texas fforts to understand the political implications of categorical prejudices E — like racism and sexism — are complicated by the intersectional nature of social groups. Evaluating attitudes toward members of a single social category (e.g., African-Americans) in isolation can produce misleading conclusions, as racial cues commonly coincide with gender cues and create meaningful subgroups (McConnaughy and White 2014). The idea that different subgroups of women experience distinctive forms of discrimination is reflected in the concept of “double jeopardy.” Double jeopardy suggests that black and Hispanic women experience discrimination differently from white women or men The authors would like to thank Angela Bos, Mirya Holman, Corrine McConnaughy, Heather Ondercin, Mark Peffley, Monica C. Schneider, Dara Strolovitch, Steve Voss, Bas Von Doorn, the Quantitative Institute for Policy and Social Research at the University of Kentucky, and the participants of the 2013 Visions in Methodology (VIM) meeting. Published by Cambridge University Press 1743-923X/15 $30.00 for The Women and Politics Research Section of the American Political Science Association. # The Women and Politics Research Section of the American Political Science Association, 2015 doi:10.1017/S1743923X14000567 1 2 ERIN C. CASSESE, TIFFANY D. BARNES AND REGINA P. BRANTON of color because they simultaneously belong to a low-status gender group and a low-status racial/ethnic group (King 1988; Levin et al. 2002; cf. Sidanius and Veniegas 2000). As a result, women who are racial or ethnic minorities face a cumulative discrimination that extends beyond racism or sexism alone (King 1988; Purdie-Vaughns and Eibach 2008).1 The double jeopardy concept, and research on intersectionality more broadly,2 suggests that attitudes toward race and gender interact in politically consequential ways.
    [Show full text]
  • Intersectionality: When Identities Converge
    INTERSECTIONALITY: WHEN IDENTITIES CONVERGE What Is Intersectionality is a framework for understanding how social identities—such as gender, race, Intersectionality? ethnicity, social class, religion, sexual orientation, ability, and gender identity—overlap with one another and with systems of power that oppress and advantage people in the workplace and broader community.1 What Intersectionality is not a code word for diversity. It is a framework for understanding different people’s varying experiences in the world. Intersectionality Is Not Intersectionality is not about adding one aspect of identity to another.2 It is about how people with overlapping identities experience systems of power. Intersectionality is not a replacement for anti-racist education or thought. Intersectionality complements anti-racist, feminist, and other perspectives that promote equity and inclusion. Intersectionality is not solely an American phenomenon. It is a perspective that can be applied to people and institutions around the world.3 Why Is it Important to Consider Intersectionality in the Workplace? For each of us, our various identities impact our daily lives, affecting how we perceive the world and how the world perceives us. When we look at how our identities intersect, we see the unique lived experiences—of ourselves and others—through the lens of privilege, oppression, power, and marginalization. Who has power? Who gets the benefit of the doubt? Who doesn’t? Who is automatically included in groups? Who isn’t? How do you “show up” to other people? What do you do to control how others perceive you? What parts of your identity help you fit in? What parts of your identity make you stand out? The answers to all these questions are rooted in intersectionality.
    [Show full text]
  • What Triple Jeopardy? : Clinical Implications for Working with African American Queer Women : a Project Based Upon an Independent Investigation
    Smith ScholarWorks Theses, Dissertations, and Projects 2011 What triple jeopardy? : clinical implications for working with African American queer women : a project based upon an independent investigation Tharyn Giovanni Grant Smith College Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.smith.edu/theses Part of the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Grant, Tharyn Giovanni, "What triple jeopardy? : clinical implications for working with African American queer women : a project based upon an independent investigation" (2011). Masters Thesis, Smith College, Northampton, MA. https://scholarworks.smith.edu/theses/531 This Masters Thesis has been accepted for inclusion in Theses, Dissertations, and Projects by an authorized administrator of Smith ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Tharyn Giovanni Grant What Triple Jeopardy? Clinical Implications for Working with African American Queer Women ABSTRACT This theoretical study explores the impact on multiple identities on African American queer women's mental health. Its purpose is to understand how intersectionality and relational-cultural theory can inform therapeutic treatment by addressing these issues in clinical social work practice. This study is a review of an extensive range of psychosocial literature that employs multiculturalism, feminist, relational, and psychodynamic practices with people of color in order to understand issues of race, class, gender, and sexuality at the micro individual level—and the related
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 1 Intersectionality, Race-Gender Subordination, and Education
    RREXXX10.3102/0091732X18759071Review of Research in EducationHarris, Leonardo: Intersectionality, Race-Gender Subordination, and Education 759071research-article2018 Chapter 1 Intersectionality, Race-Gender Subordination, and Education ANGELA HARRIS University of California, Davis ZEUS LEONARDO University of California, Berkeley In this chapter, we unpack intersectionality as an analytical framework. First, we cite Black Lives Matter as an impetus for discussing intersectionality’s current traction. Second, we review the genealogy of “intersectionality” beginning with Kimberlé Crenshaw’s formulation, which brought a Black Studies provocation into legal discourse in order to challenge existing antidiscrimination doctrine and single-axis theorizing. The third, and most central, task of the chapter is our account of intersectionality’s utility for social analysis. We examine some of the issues raised by the metaphor of the intersection and some of the debates surrounding the concept, such as the tension between fragmenting and universalizing perspectives mediated by the notion of “strategic essentialism.” Fourth, we review how education researchers have explained race and gender subordination in education since Ladson-Billings and Tate’s Teachers College Record article. We conclude with some remarks concerning future research on intersectionality. n the summer of 2014, as accounts of brutal and unjustified police killings of Black Ipeople circulated across social media and mass media in the United States, a new social movement came to prominence (Freelon, McIlwain, & Clark, 2016). Black Lives Matter (BLM, also called the Movement for Black Lives) emerged from a July 2013 Twitter hashtag and became a mass movement in the wake of the 2014 killing of Michael Brown by Officer Darren Wilson in Ferguson, Missouri.
    [Show full text]