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PDF Herunterladen Siduction Handbuch siduction Team 2021-07-27 1 siduction Manual INHALTSVERZEICHNIS Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Willkommen 10 1.0.1 Allgemeines ........................ 10 1.0.2 Copyright Rechts- und Lizenzhinweise ........... 11 1.0.3 Haftungsausschluss .................... 11 1.1 Das siduction-Team ....................... 12 1.1.1 Credit für siduction 2021.2.0 ................ 12 1.1.1.1 Core Team .................... 12 1.1.1.2 Art Team ..................... 12 1.1.1.3 Code Ideen Unterstützung Handbuch ....... 12 1.1.1.4 Credit für das original manual Team ....... 12 1.2 siduction Hilfe .......................... 14 1.2.1 Das siduction-Forum ................... 14 1.2.2 Das siduction-Wiki .................... 14 1.2.3 IRC - interaktiver Livesupport ............... 14 1.2.4 siduction-paste ...................... 15 1.2.5 Nützliche Helfer im Textmodus .............. 16 1.2.6 siduction IRC-Support im Textmodus ........... 17 1.2.7 Surfen im Internet im Textmodus ............. 19 1.2.8 inxi ............................ 19 1.2.9 Nützliche Links ...................... 20 2 Quickstart 21 2.1 siduction Kurzanleitung ...................... 21 2.1.1 Essenzielle Kapitel .................... 21 2.1.2 Zur Stabilität von Debian Sid ............... 22 2.1.3 Der siduction-Kernel ................... 22 2.1.4 Die Verwaltung von Softwarepaketen ........... 22 2.1.5 Aktualisierung des Systems - upgrade ........... 23 2.1.6 Konfiguration von Netzwerken ............... 24 2.1.7 Runlevels - Ziel-Unit .................... 25 2.1.8 Weitere Desktopumgebungen ............... 25 2.1.9 Hilfe im IRC und im Forum ................ 25 3 ISO s 26 3.1 Inhalt der Live-ISO ........................ 27 3.1.1 Hinweis zur Software auf dem Live-ISO .......... 27 2 siduction Manual INHALTSVERZEICHNIS 3.1.2 Varianten der ISO ..................... 27 3.1.3 Minimale Systemanforderungen .............. 28 3.1.3.1 Prozessoranforderungen: 64Bit CPU ....... 28 3.1.3.2 Speicheranforderungen ............. 29 3.1.3.3 Sonstiges .................... 29 3.1.4 Anwendungen und Hilfsprogramme ............ 29 3.1.5 Haftungsausschluss_Disclaimer .............. 30 3.2 Live-DVD verwenden ....................... 31 3.2.1 Eingerichtete User auf dem Live-Medium ......... 31 3.2.2 Mit root-Rechten auf der Live-DVD ............ 31 3.2.3 Ein neues Passwort setzen ................ 32 3.2.4 Software-Installation bei Live-Sitzung ........... 33 3.3 Bootoptionen Cheatcodes .................... 34 3.3.1 siduction spezifische Parameter .............. 34 3.3.2 Bootoptionen für den Grafikserver X ............ 36 3.3.3 Allgemeine Parameter des Linux-Kernels ......... 38 3.3.4 VGA-Codes ........................ 39 3.4 ISO download und brennen .................... 41 3.4.1 siduction ISO herunterladen ................ 41 3.4.2 Dateien der siduction-Spiegelserver ............ 43 3.4.3 md5sum und Integritätsprüfung .............. 44 3.4.4 Live-DVD mit Windows brennen .............. 45 3.4.5 Die DVD mit Linux brennen ................ 46 3.5 DVD ohne GUI brennen ..................... 48 3.5.1 burniso .......................... 48 3.5.2 Verfügbare Geräte .................... 48 3.5.3 Nützliche Beispiele .................... 49 4 Installation 52 4.1 Installation auf HDD ....................... 53 4.1.1 Datensicherung ...................... 53 4.1.2 Installationsvorbereitungen ................ 53 4.1.3 Partitionierung ...................... 54 4.1.4 Dateisysteme ....................... 54 4.1.5 Duplizierung auf einen anderen Computer ......... 55 4.1.6 Das Installationsprogramm Calamares ........... 55 4.1.7 Benutzer hinzufügen ................... 60 4.2 fromiso .............................. 64 3 siduction Manual INHALTSVERZEICHNIS 4.2.1 Booten “fromiso” - Überblick ................ 64 4.2.2 fromiso mit Grub2 ..................... 64 4.2.3 toram ........................... 66 4.3 Installation auf USB-Stick - Speicherkarte ............. 67 4.3.1 Mit Linux-Betriebssystemen ................ 68 4.3.2 Mit MS Windows ..................... 68 4.3.3 Mit Mac OS X ....................... 69 4.4 Partitionierung von Installationsmedien .............. 70 4.4.1 Mindestanforderungen .................. 70 4.4.2 Beispiele mit verschiedenen Plattengrößen ........ 71 4.4.3 Partitionierungsprogramme ................ 73 4.4.4 Weiterführende Infos ................... 74 4.5 UUID - Benennung von Blockgeräten ............... 75 4.5.1 Arten der Benennung von Blockgeräten .......... 75 4.5.2 Label verwenden ..................... 76 4.6 Die fstab ............................. 78 4.6.1 Anpassung der fstab ................... 78 4.6.2 Erstellung neuer Einhängepunkte ............. 79 4.7 Partitionieren mit GParted .................... 81 4.7.1 Wichtige Hinweise .................... 81 4.7.2 GParted verwenden .................... 81 4.7.3 fstab anpassen ...................... 89 4.7.4 NTFS-Partitionsgrößen mit GParted ändern ........ 90 4.8 Partitionieren mit gdisk ...................... 92 4.8.1 Partitionierung einer Festplatte .............. 93 4.8.2 cgdisk verwenden ..................... 94 4.8.2.1 Partition erstellen ................ 94 4.8.2.2 Partition löschen ................. 100 4.8.2.3 GPT schreiben .................. 100 4.8.3 Formatieren der Partitionen ................ 101 4.8.4 Booten mit GPT-UEFI oder GPT-BIOS ........... 102 4.8.4.1 Booten mit UEFI ................. 103 4.8.4.2 Booten mit BIOS ................. 103 4.8.5 Erweiterte Befehle von gdisk ............... 103 4.9 Partitionieren mit fdisk ...................... 106 4.9.1 Benennung von Speichergeräten ............. 106 4.9.2 Cfdisk verwenden ..................... 108 4.9.2.1 Die Bedienoberfläche .............. 109 4 siduction Manual INHALTSVERZEICHNIS 4.9.2.2 Löschen einer Partition .............. 110 4.9.2.3 Größe einer Partition ändern ........... 110 4.9.2.4 Erstellen einer neuen Partition .......... 110 4.9.2.5 Partitionstyp ................... 116 4.9.2.6 Eine Partition bootfähig machen ......... 116 4.9.2.7 Partitionstabelle schreiben ............ 116 4.9.2.8 Cfdisk beenden ................. 118 4.9.3 Formatieren von Partitionen ................ 118 4.10 LVM-Partitionierung - Logical Volume Manager .......... 120 4.10.1 Sechs Schritte zu Logical Volumes ............ 121 4.10.2 Größenänderung eines Volumens ............. 123 4.10.3 LVM mit einem GUI-Programm verwalten ......... 124 4.10.4 Weitere Infos ....................... 125 4.11 Das Verzeichnis home verschieben ................ 126 4.11.1 Private Daten verschieben ................ 127 4.11.2 fstab anpassen ...................... 130 5 Netzwerk 132 5.1 Network Manager Kommandline Tool ............... 133 5.1.1 Network Manager verwenden ............... 133 5.1.2 Weiterführende Informationen ............... 137 5.2 IWD statt wpa_supplicant ..................... 138 5.2.1 IWD installieren ...................... 138 5.2.2 WiFi Verbindung mit IWD ................. 140 5.2.3 WiFi Verbindung mit nmcli ................. 140 5.2.4 WiFi Verbindung mit iwctl ................. 140 5.2.5 Grafische Konfigurationsprogramme ............ 143 5.2.6 Zurück zum wpa_supplicant ................ 143 5.3 SAMBA ............................. 144 5.3.1 Client-Konfiguration .................... 144 5.3.2 siduction als Samba-Server ................ 145 5.4 SSH ............................... 146 5.4.1 SSH absichern ...................... 146 5.4.2 SSH für X-Window Programme .............. 148 5.4.3 Kopieren scp via ssh ................... 149 5.4.4 Entfernter Zugriff von einem Windows-PC ......... 150 5.4.5 SSH mit Dolphin ..................... 151 5.4.6 SSHFS - auf einem entfernten Computer mounten ..... 152 5 siduction Manual INHALTSVERZEICHNIS 5.5 LAMP-Webserver ........................ 154 5.5.1 Apache installieren .................... 156 5.5.2 MariaDb installieren .................... 157 5.5.3 PHP installieren ...................... 158 5.5.4 phpMyAdmin installieren ................. 159 5.5.5 Weitere Software ..................... 160 5.5.6 Statusaugaben Log-Dateien ................ 161 5.5.7 Troubleshooting ...................... 162 5.5.7.1 Wenn nichts hilft ................. 165 5.5.8 Sicherheit ......................... 166 5.6 Apache einrichten ........................ 167 5.6.1 Apache im Dateisystem .................. 167 5.6.2 Verbindung zum Server .................. 168 5.6.3 Apache Konfiguration ................... 169 5.6.4 Benutzer und Rechte ................... 171 5.6.5 Sicherheit - Apache Standard ............... 173 5.6.6 Sicherheit - weitere Konfigurationen ............ 174 5.6.7 HTTPS verwenden .................... 175 5.6.8 Sicherheits Tipps ..................... 176 5.6.9 Integration in Apache2 .................. 177 5.6.10 Quellen Apache ...................... 178 5.7 MariaDB einrichten ........................ 179 5.7.1 MariaDB im Dateisystem ................. 179 5.7.2 Erstkonfiguration ..................... 179 5.7.3 MariaDB CLI ....................... 181 5.7.3.1 Eine Datenbank anlegen ............. 182 5.7.3.2 Einen Benutzer anlegen ............. 182 5.7.3.3 Abfragen .................... 183 5.7.4 phpMyAdmin ....................... 184 5.7.5 Integration in Systemd .................. 189 5.7.6 MariaDB Log ....................... 192 5.7.7 Quellen MariaDB ..................... 192 5.8 PHP einrichten .......................... 193 5.8.1 PHP im Dateisystem ................... 193 5.8.2 PHP-Unterstützung für Apache2 .............. 193 5.8.3 PHP Konfiguration .................... 194 5.8.4 PHP Module ....................... 194 5.8.5 Apache Log ........................ 197 6 siduction Manual INHALTSVERZEICHNIS
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