Plantlife—Annual Review 2013

Home , Highgrove House, Manx Wildlife Trust

Plantlife in numbers Patron: HRH The Prince of Wales Plantlife HQ targeted for meadow 14 Rollestone Street restoration under Salisbury SP1 1DX our new Save 01722 342730 [email protected] Our Magnificent Plantlife Scotland, Stirling Meadows scheme 01786 478509 [email protected] by Plantlife staff Plantlife Cymru, Cardiff and volunteers 02920 376193 [email protected] running the Virgin London Marathon www.plantlife.org.uk

attended Plantlife created or restored as part of Scotland’s workshops, our Coronation Meadows project events, demonstration days, walks and talks

We are Plantlife doing amazing Plantlife is the organisation that is speaking up for our wild flowers, work for Plantlife plants and fungi. From the open spaces of our nature reserves Plantlife is a charitable to the corridors of government, we’re here to raise their profile, company limited by guarantee, to celebrate their beauty, and to protect their future. aged from four to 90, company no. 3166339 Registered in England and Wales, Wild flowers and plants play a fundamental role for wildlife, and have contributed their own patchwork charity no. 1059559 their colour and character light up our landscapes. But without our to our Patchwork Meadow exhibition, Registered in Scotland, help, this priceless natural heritage is in danger of being lost. charity no. SC038951 which is touring Europe Join us in enjoying the very best that nature ISBN 978-1-910212-09-7 has to offer. September 2014 banned from sale designbyStudioAde.com after campaigning by Printed using vegetable based inks Britain’s countryside by Taylor Brothers Bristol Ltd. Plantlife and others 0117 924 5452 Save it with flowers

led by Plantlife’s partners in Bulgaria,

Front Cover: Wild chives on cliffs near the Lizard, Cornwall ©Jonathan Buckley Croatia, Romania, Slovenia and Scotland Plantlife in numbers Patron: HRH The Prince of Wales Plantlife HQ targeted for meadow 14 Rollestone Street restoration under Salisbury SP1 1DX our new Save 01722 342730 [email protected] Our Magnificent Plantlife Scotland, Stirling Meadows scheme 01786 478509 [email protected] by Plantlife staff Plantlife Cymru, Cardiff and volunteers 02920 376193 [email protected] running the Virgin London Marathon www.plantlife.org.uk

attended Plantlife created or restored as part of Scotland’s workshops, our Coronation Meadows project events, demonstration days, walks and talks

led by Plantlife’s partners in Bulgaria,

Front Cover: Wild chives on cliffs near the Lizard, Cornwall ©Jonathan Buckley Croatia, Romania, Slovenia and Scotland Thank Treasurer’s Statement of financial activities you statement for the period ended 31 March 2014

Companies, trusts and organisations Horace A. Gillman Trust Somerset Wildlife Trust Individuals and volunteers This is my third report as Treasurer. I am pleased to be able funds, we have invested in a new member of staff with the Endowment Restricted Unrestricted Total year Total year A&N Daniell Charitable Trust Initiative at the Edge Staffordshire Wildlife Trust Adrian Darby to report on a year in which Plantlife has been able to achieve aim of increasing the level of donors’ and sponsors’ income Anesco INTERREG IVA France (Channel) Stephen Clark 1965 Charitable Trust Angus Menzies fund fund fund to Mar ’14 to Mar ’13 Association of British Fungus Groups – England European cross-border Suffolk Biodiversity Partnership Ann Gilmour a modest growth in the income we received, meaning we have in the coming year. Alan Evans Memorial Trust co-operation programme, co-financed Suffolk County Council Brian & Sandy Coppins been able to continue to develop new work to conserve wild Incoming resources Our endowed investments rose in value by £49,544 (2%). Albert George and Nancy Caroline by the ERDF Suffolk Wildlife Trust Dot Dahl plants and help people to enjoy and understand them. Youngman Trust Isle of Portland Conservation Forum Sussex Wildlife Trust Flora Guardians and Plantlife This performance was in line with our stated strategy and with Incoming resources from generated funds Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and James Gibson Charity Tay Charitable Trust survey participants Despite the pressures facing household incomes we once again our benchmark investment returns. We meet regularly with our Voluntary income Oxfordshire Wildlife Trust JNCC The Ashley Family Foundation Heather McHaffie Berry Bros. & Rudd (No.3 London Dry Gin) John Coates Charitable Trust The Banister Charitable Trust Juniper Survey Volunteers benefited hugely from the generosity of all of our members and investment managers to ensure we are optimising our investment Donations 149,151 264,610 413,761 270,520 Biffa Award Jones Day The Barbara Whatmore Charitable Trust Keith Datchler supporters. And despite the demands made on funding sources strategy, commensurate with the risk appetite of the charity. Driven Legacies 123,340 529,401 652,741 342,583 Big Lottery Fund Juwi The Bingham Trust Liz Lavery such as grant making trusts, Government agencies and Lottery by continued uncertainties in the economic climate, we will do an Botanical Society of the British Isles Kent Wildlife Trust The Brecks Heaths Project Macedonian ‘IPANet’ volunteers working 272,491 794,011 1,066,502 613,103 British Bryological Society Knight Frank The Craignish Trust on the Natural Networks project funds, we have again been able to secure generous grants. in-depth re-assessment of our investment options later this year. British Lichen Society Manx Wildlife Trust The Derek and Clare Stevens Trust Michael Scott Activities for generating funds 129,215 The period that I am covering is the 12 months from 1 April 2013 We did however hit our income targets, having received £107,867 British Mycological Society Medway Council The Dischma Charitable Trust Miles King Investment income 109,103 109,103 107,305 British Phycological Society Medway Valley Countryside The D’Oyly Carte Charitable Trust Munsary Peatlands Management Group to 31 March 2014. Our total income was £2,472,298, which is from our investments and £1,236 in bank interest in the year. Buglife Partnership (Kent CC) The Emily Weircroft Charitable Trust Muriel Higgins £566,026 higher compared to last year. In this year we were (During the previous year ending March 2013, we received Incoming resources from charitable activities 948,970 337,862 1,286,832 1,049,565 CABI Michael Marks Charitable Trust The Equitable Charitable Trust Our nature reserve volunteers Cambridge University Botanic Gardens Millennium Seed Bank The Frances Crabtree Charitable Trust Patchwork Meadow volunteer stitchers extremely fortunate to have received a large amount of legacy £106,408 plus £897 bank interest on our cash.) Other incoming resources 5,688 4,173 9,861 7,084 Cecil Pilkington Charitable Trust Miss K.M. Harbinson’ Charitable Trust The Geoffrey Watling Charity Plantlife Salisbury office volunteers income. Legacy income is a very important part of our core income: Our restricted funds at 31 March 2014 of £1,640,911 are composed Total incoming resources 1,227,149 1,245,149 2,472,298 1,906,272 Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Mrs M Maxwell-Stuart’s Charitable Trust The Gower Commons Association Plantlife Scotland volunteers this year it accounted for 47% (compared with 24% last year); Chapman Charitable Trust Mrs. M.A. Lascelles’ Charitable Trust The Gunter Charitable Trust Ranscombe Farm Reserve volunteers of the following items: 86% of our legacies come from those who have been members Clark Bradbury Charitable Trust (Formerly The Mitchell Trust) The Hamamelis Trust Ray Woods • The £1.197m purchase price of our reserves. The Co-operative National Botanic Garden of Wales The Hugh Fraser Foundation Scotland Flora Guardians of Plantlife. As ever we are truly grateful that people remember Resources expended • Other restricted funds in hand at the year end (£249,592 Cornwall Wildlife Trust National Museum Wales The Ian Addison Charitable Foundation Sue Harris – Celebrating 10 years Plantlife in their wills as it makes a very real difference to our Cost of generating funds Cotswolds Conservation Board National Trust The J.H.F Green Trust of volunteering at Plantlife restricted legacy, £193,879 advance payments for project work). Cotswold Outdoor Natural England The Langtree Trust Wildflowers Count survey volunteers ability to deliver our conservation work. Cost of generating voluntary income 299,131 299,131 337,468 Cumbria Wildlife Trust Natural History Museum The Mackintosh Foundation As a result of our increased income we were able to increase our Our members and individual supporters are absolutely crucial Fundraising trading: cost of goods sold and other costs 79,195 Dartmoor National Park Authority Natural Resources Wales The Margaret Murdoch Charitable Trust In remembrance of those who left spending on charitable activities by £87,177. This was largely from Dorset County Council (Dorset Norfolk Biodiversity Partnership The Neil and Pauline Pettefar Charitable Plantlife a gift in their Will for Plantlife. During the year ending 31 March 2014, they Investment management costs 14,091 2,136 16,227 18,348 an increase of £430,386 in spending of our project funds, so that Countryside) Norfolk County Council Trust Christopher John Leach contributed £258,154 in subscriptions, £51,980 in responses 14,091 301,267 315,358 435,011 Dorset Environmental Records Centre Norfolk Wildlife Trust The Saintbury Trust David Graham Foot we used £343,209 less of our unrestricted funds in year. to appeals, £126,673 in individual donations – plus a further Dorset Wildlife Trust Norman & Evelyn Proffitt Trust The Sandra Charitable Trust Diana Willment Costs of charitable activities 1,556,174 270,720 1,826,894 1,739,717 Eleanor Rathbone Charitable Trust North Devon Coast AONB The Seven Pillars of Wisdom Trust Dr Edwin George £42,503 through activities from our raffle to sponsoring our Our balance sheet reflects the positive increase in our overall funds, Enchanted Plants North Wales Wildlife Trust The Sir Nigel Broackes 1993 Charitable Dr Lina Bentley London Marathon runners. We were also able to claim £82,352 up by £386,156 (9%) to £4,909,316. This represents the effect of our Governance costs 27,796 27,796 27,563 Environment Agency Northumberland Wildlife Trust Trust Elizabeth Mary Dron Esmée Fairbairn Foundation Oakdale Trust The Souldern Trust Elsa Hollinshead in Gift Aid from many of these donations and gifts, which makes net incoming resources, before other recognised gains and losses, Total resources expended 14,091 1,556,174 599,783 2,170,048 2,202,291 European Regional Development Fund Paul Bassham Charitable Trust The Spear Charitable Trust Howard Lloyd Davies a huge difference to our overall funds. of £302,250 with the added growth in our investment assets. European Union Europe for Pentland Stalls Charitable Trust The St Mary’s Charity Iris Hulse Net incoming / (outgoing) resources before transfers (14,091) (329,025) 645,366 302,250 (296,019) Citizens Programme Plant Heritage UK Plant Genetic Resources Group Jean Margaret Symes Membership contributions in 2013/14 totalled £315,506 – this is I hope that the small but significant growth over the year will European Union Culture Programme Portland Stone Firms Ltd Ulster Wildlife Joan Duncan 28% of our total unrestricted core income. This was a small increase continue as we see signs of a more positive economic environment. Exmoor National Park Royal Horticultural Society Valley of Visions Landscape John Miller Heyes Transfers Field Studies Council Quantock Hills AONB Partnership Scheme Kate Emily Tyrrell Sanders of £4,124 compared with the previous year (2012/13 totalled Funds secured last year included new funding sources which have Fitzmaurice Trust Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Veolia Environmental Trust Kathryn Jane Mortimer £311,382). This sort of income is especially valuable to Plantlife resulted in new initiatives on the ground. Transfers between funds 565,163 (565,163) Flora locale Royal Botanic Gardens Edinburgh Welsh Government Mildred Ann Constable as it means we can continue with the sort of conservation work Net incoming / (outgoing) resources (14,091) 236,138 80,203 302,250 (296,019) Forestry Commission England RSPB Wessex Lichen Group Nanette Reynolds I and the rest of the board are pleased that Plantlife has managed that does not always attract grants from other bodies, as well as before other recognised gains and losses Forestry Commission Scotland RSPB Cymru William Haddon Charitable Trust Peter Gerald Lawson to sustain its capacity to deliver essential work on the ground and GrantScape RSPB Scotland Wiltshire Wildlife Trust Philip Thomas Bishop providing the all-important matching funds needed to untap funds to raise more awareness of the needs of wild plants. We are not Other recognised gains and losses Golden Bottle Trust RSPB Wiltshire Woodland Trust Professor George Albert Swan such as landfill tax. So without the generosity of our members Good Energy Scottish Natural Heritage Worcestershire Wildlife Trust Robert John Hedges complacent about the challenges we will face in the year ahead and we would simply not be able to continue our work for wild plants, Gains / losses on investment assets 63,635 20,271 83,906 261,827 Hampshire Fungus Recording Group Scottish Wildlife Trust WREN Biodiversity Action Fund Roger Derek Wise will be working hard, along with the staff, to make sure we maintain Heritage Lottery Fund Sheepdrove Trust Wye Valley AONB Volunteers Sir Thomas William James David Dupree and we cannot say thank you often enough for all they do for us. Net movement in funds 49,544 236,138 100,474 386,156 (34,192) Herefordshire Nature Trust SITA Trust Yorkshire Wildlife Trust Stephen Charles Knight and build on this modest growth. But by working in partnership with Highland Council Somerset County Council Sylvia Berrett We were very successful in applying for grants, where our income our members and other supporters we are confident that we will Total funds at 1 April 2013 2,310,277 1,404,773 808,110 4,523,160 4,557,352 was up £266,088, but we were disappointed that we attracted less continue to grow in influence and deliver even more for wild plants. support from charitable trusts than we had previously. Many of Total funds at 31 March 2014 2,359,821 1,640,911 908,584 4,909,316 4,523,160 Elizabeth Bilton these bodies are themselves affected by the economic climate, Treasurer and we also face increasing competion as more and more bodies The financial statements have been The financial statements were approved (including those previously solely funded by Government) seek prepared in accordance with the special by the Board of Trustees on 26 June 2014 a share of the same resources. Plantlife income Plantlife expenditure provisions of Part 15 of the Companies and signed on their behalf by 2013–2014 2013–2014 By the end of the year ending March 2014 Plantlife’s total funds Act 2006 relating to small companies. Peter Ainsworth had increased by £386,156 (9%), from £4,523,160 to £4,909,316. Donations 413,761 Charitable activities 1,826,894 Trustee, Chairman Unrestricted reserves increased by £100,474 (12%). Charitable activities 1,286,832 Cost of generating 315,358 Legacies 652,741 income Elizabeth Bilton All of these vital funds were used to support our conservation Investment income 109,103 Audit & governance, 27,796 Trustee, Honorary Treasurer work and the investment we need to make in staff that carry out Other 9,861 admin fundraising and other essential work in support of our frontline activities. Because of the increasing challenges in securing These charts analyse Plantlife’s income and expenditure into its main strands

Annual Review 2013 Thank Treasurer’s Statement of financial activities you statement for the period ended 31 March 2014

Annual Review 2013 Chairman’s statement

I have been involved with Plantlife for ten years, and Chairman in Cardiff. Our meadows projects also take us into Northern Ireland. for three. And I can honestly say that this last year has been Overseas our international work to advise other countries about one of the most exciting. plant conservation means we can help others take global action for plants, and learn lessons for our UK-based work. First of all we embarked on two major new ventures. Our Coronation Meadows project, launched by our patron His Royal Highness the None of this has been easy in the very challenging economic Price of Wales last summer, means we have now found the best climate. As our Treasurer reports, we are thrilled to have achieved meadow in every county in England, Wales and Northern Ireland modest growth in our income and spend on conservation, (and almost all for Scotland). Along with our partners The Wildlife but trustees are by no means complacent and we are working Trusts and the Rare Breeds Survival Trust, we are using these hard to make sure we use our precious resources as wisely meadows to restore and create new ones. and efficiently as possible. We were also delighted to receive £2.5m funding from the Heritage And of course none of it would have been possible without all Lottery Fund for a nationwide programme – Save Our Magnificent of our supporters, sponsors and donors. I would like to formally Meadows. For this project Plantlife is heading up a team of ten record my thanks to every single one of them. Thank you also organisations working to conserve, restore and celebrate our most to our many partners – by adding Plantlife’s unique role and valuable grasslands. expertise to the work of other like-minded organisations we all benefit from the pooling of ideas, skills and funds. Our campaign to save the flowers of our road verges (in many places the last vestiges of our native flora) has gone from strength I cannot say enough to pay tribute to our wonderful staff, whose to strength. Thanks in part to the support of Alan Titchmarsh, more expertise, energy and enthusiasm are boundless. And also to our than 6,500 people have so far signed our online petition asking volunteers: we have had more than ever this year, supporting us councils to delay cutting verges until seeds have set. in so many different ways, from being wardens on our reserves to organising our photo library. We are also thrilled that 750 people signed up to take part in our annual Wildflower Count, which contributes to our knowledge of the I must also pay a very particular tribute to Victoria Chester, distribution and extent of wild plants. And our ongoing campaign our Chief Executive for more than seven years, who stepped down to limit the introduction of non-native invasive species which can in November 2013. She was instrumental in creating the successful decimate native flora, saw success with the enactment of new and vibrant charity we see today. I know that everybody involved European legislation which bans the sale of five aquatic plants. with Plantlife, including our patron, will want to join me in thanking her. In February 2014 we were pleased to welcome Marian Spain But it is our work on the ground to conserve native plants that as our incoming CEO, and look forward to a new era under remains at the heart of Plantlife’s work. Last year this included her leadership. clearing invasive plants, creating new habitats and finding previously unrecorded species. We were also able, thanks So let me end by looking ahead to 2015 – our 25th anniversary year to a generous legacy, to extend our Lugg Meadows reserve. – and another fruitful year conserving, enjoying and celebrating our beautiful native flora. I am pleased to report that we remain a UK-wide charity: Plantlife Scotland now runs a busy programme of events and projects from Peter Ainsworth our office in Stirling, and we opened a new office for Plantlife Cymru Chairman

Plantlife patron HRH The Prince of Wales visits Coach Road Field, part of the Beech Estate and the Coronation Meadow for East Sussex. With him (right to left) are Plantlife’s Dan Merrett, estate owner Harry Wills, and Estate Manager Keith Datchler © Robin Bell /Coronation Meadows

Annual Review 2013 Plantlife working in partnership with SNH, Cairngorms National Park Authority and Seafield and Strathspey Estates, cleared 4.65 hectres of Rhododendron ponticum from Old Grantown Wood, part of the Cairngorms Pinewood Important Plant Area and home to twinflower and one- Launch of Wild About Plants flowered wintergreen Scotland in Glasgow

Road verge campaign launched on BBC Breakfast and features on BBC News 24 throughout day, culminating in Countryfile that evening

The Welsh Government is funding a £100,000 project in the Meirionnydd Oakwoods Important Plant Area. This is implementing a programme of surveys, monitoring and habitat management for lichens and bryophytes. Some important discoveries have been made, including the tree flute lichen Menegazzia subsimilis, the only known record in England and Wales

On the Gower Peninsula a new two-year project is underway, supported by Biffaward, to clear invasive non-native plants from the coastal cliffs. Yellow whitlowgrass and other British rarities, including lichens and mosses, are currently under threat from invading cotoneaster

First Coronation Meadow to be restored is at Hollybed Farm, Worcestershire, with green hay collected and spread at another site to create a new meadow

Coronation Meadows is launched by HRH The Prince of Wales, at Highgrove House; 60 flagship meadows are identified with Autumn lady’s-tresses return to the East partners The Wildlife Trusts and the Rare Weares of Portland, thanks to pioneering work Breeds Survival Trust, to mark the 60th to remove cotoneaster funded by Sita Trust anniversary of The Queen’s accession to the throne A new two-year project – Make the Small Things Count – is launched to raise the profile of lichens, mosses and liverworts in the outstanding landscapes of the Mendip Hills, Quantocks, Exmoor and Dartmoor. The project is funded by the Heritage Lottery Fund (HLF) and will enable thousands of people, including children, to learn more about these exquisite plants

Annual Review 2013 International New The Wildflower Patchwork Meadow public art project was created and toured the publications UK (with similar meadows being created by our partners in Europe). Over 1,000 wild flower squares of patchwork make up the meadow panels, which involve nearly Download at 100 organisations. Exhibitions in London, the Scottish Parliament, Ullapool, Botanic www.plantlife.org.uk/publications

Gardens in Wales and Scotland, Salisbury and Caithness, with more exhibitions Farmland_Eng_018_Cover.pdf 1 01/09/2014 10:33 planned for next year. A new project was launched involving volunteers working on England Scotland Farmland Wales Farmland Report Farmland Report conservation and awareness raising at six Important Plant Areas in Macedonia (FYR) And Report on that

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Britain’s countryside Save it with flowers

We are Plantlife

Plantlife is the organisation that is speaking up for our wild ﬂowers and plants. From the open spaces of our nature reserves to the corridors of Westminster, we’re here to raise their proﬁle, to celebrate their beauty, and to protect their future.

Wild ﬂowers and plants play a fundamental role for wildlife, and their colour and character light up our landscapes. But without our help, this priceless natural heritage is in danger of being lost.

Join us in enjoying the very best that nature has to offer. Britain’sA balanced countryside. Save it with ﬂowers. approach to Patron:co HRHn Theser Princevati ofo Walesn 14 Rollestoneseedi Streetng Salisbury Wiltshire SP1 1DX Tel: 01722 342730 Email: [email protected] www.plantlife.org.uk Plantlife is a charitable company limited by guarantee, Company No. Breckland Plants 3166339. Registered in England and Wales, Charity No. 1059559. Grow Wild Registered in Scotland, Charity no. SCO38951. ID guide Native fl owers in your garden ISBN: 978-1-907141-84-3 £3 million awarded from the Heritage Lottery Fund to April 2013

2 DOES THE LICHEN HAVE TINY LEAFY LOBES? 3 DOES 5T HISE TLHICEH LEINCH LEONO KB EJAERLLDY- LLIIKKEE, WHAHIERN- LWIKEET,? OR STRAP-LIKE? Pla6n ItSl iTfHeE LCICyHmENr uCRUSTY, LUMPY OR SPoOmRReI DkeGyE- fLeIaKtEu?r es to Fruits and isidia on Lobaria pulmonaria Plantlife Cymru Some key features to Cilia on Parmotrema perlatum look for when identifying look for when identifying lichens lichens a Plantlife-led partnership of conservationDegelia atlantica Felt lichen Panorganisationsnaria conoplea Mealy-rimmed shingle lichen Leptogium licSh4e2noUisdneesa Tfalotrtiedraed W jeitlclyh-essk winh liisckheerns Leptogium cByraynoersicae fnuss c Belsucee njesl l yH-osrksienh laiicrh leicnhen Plantlife CyOmcrhur oisle scpheiaak ainngd uropg fyonr aW aAle csu’sdbear lichen Ochrolechia tartarea A cudbear lichen Plantlife Cymru is speaking up for Wales’s wild flowers and plants. From the open Use a hand lens (preferably x10 wild flowers and plants. From the open Use a hand lens (preferably x10 wet wet dry spaces of our nature reserves to the magnification) to examine them. spaces of our nature reserves to the magnification) to examine them. corridors of the Welsh Assembly, we’re corridors of the Welsh Assembly, we’re here to raise their profile, celebrate their Colour Of upper (and if visible, the here to raise their profile, celebrate their Colour Of upper (and if visible, the beauty and protect their future. lower) surface. The colour of a beauty and protect their future. lower) surface. The colour of a species can vary, eg depending on species can vary eg depending Wild flowers and plants play a whether it is wet or dry. Wild flowers and plants play a on whether it is wet or dry. Lobules on Leptogium cyanescens fundamental role for wildlife and their fundamental role for wildlife and their Fruits on Ochrolechia tartarea Lobe The rounded “leaf” of a Lobe The rounded “leaf” of a colour and character light up our leafy lichen colour and character light up our leafy lichen landscapes. But without our help this landscapes. But without our help this and local councils to help save remaining fragments priceless natural heritage is in danger of Lobules A small “secondary” lobe priceless natural heritage is in danger of Lobules A small “secondary” lobe being lost. Join us in enjoying the very that develops on the margin or on being lost. Join us in enjoying the very that develops on the margin or on best that nature has to offer. the surface of the lobe. best that nature has to offer. the surface of the lobe.

dry soredia and fruits Fruits Reproductive structures Fruits Reproductive structures Britain’s countryside. that produce spores. They can be Britain’s countryside. that produce spores. They can be Form Scallop-like plates closely attached to the substrate with Form Small lobes with finely scalloped margins. Form Dense mass of very thin lobes that appear minutely frilly at Form Intricate rosettes of thin overlapping lobes with isidia or round discs, pimple-like or round discs, pimple-like or longitudinal ridges, concentric “growth” rings and blackish felted Colour Pale grey to blue-grey with paler margins, sometimes the marFgoinrms dSuher utob bayb utunfdtsa notn i tswidigias. and branches in the canopy with very lobules, or Fborthm. Elongated tufts of very narrow, hair-like branches. Form A thick, warty crust, usually without fruits. globular, and can varFyo rinm cAo tlohiucrk, warty crust with numerous “jam-tart” fruits. globular, and can vary in colour Save it with flowers. Soredia on Sticta limbata Save it with flowers. Isidia on Parmelia saxatilis margins (the hypothallus). tinged brown and darker when wet. Colour dDiastrkin bctriovwe nfr wuihtse.n wet, grey to grey-brown when dry. Colour PalCe obllouue-rgGrerye ewnhisehn bdrroyw, dna, rbkr ogwreny otor dbalarckk bisrhow wnh.en wet. Colour Whitish, pale grey to grey or greenish whitef.rom brownish to blaCckol.our White, pale grey to grey. from brownish to black. Colour Pale grey, sometimes tinged brown; darker when wet. Soredia/Isidia Coarse grey soredia. SorediaC/oIsloiduiraPaAleb ugnredya-ngtr eeelnon. gated cylindrical isidia on lobe Soredia/IsSiodriaedCiyal/inIsdirdiciaal oSro rfeladtitae nine dd isicdrieat eo ro lvoablu sloersa alibau anldoanngt bornanches. PatronS: oHrRedHi aT/hIsei dPirai nRcoeun odf tWo iarrleegsu.lar pale-green soralia that can join Soredia/Isidia None. Patron: HRH The Prince of Wales. Soredia/Isidia Numerous knobbly isidia on the surface and Fruit Very rare. marginsS.oredia/Isidia None. lobe margiFnrsu oirt s Vuerfrayc rea.re. to form a continuous crust. Isidia Tiny projectionFsru oint Ftrheequent; dull orange-pink to pale-brown disc, thick rim. Isidia Tiny projections on the margins, especially on the raised ridges where the lobe margins Underside Blackish or greyish velvety mat (hypothallus) not Fruit RaFreu;i stm Uasulla rlelyd -abbruowndna dnits ac.nd very distinctive; a grey-green disc Fruit Very Uranred.erside Paler below. PlantliFfreu CityOmccrausional; pale pinkish to orange-brown discs,u ar ftahcicek t hriamt may be nNoodteuslaSri,milar to O. androgyna. Also used in the production of Plantlife Cymru surface that may be nodular, meet. usually visible. Unders(iudpe tRoi 1dcgmed d. iameter) with abundant grey-green projections from UndersideNSomteosotShi mori lsalirg thot loyt hwerirn Bkrlyedo.ria species but B. fuscescens is by far Uned 1w4i,t hL lsyorse dCia.stan granular, finger-like, otrra bdirtaionncahl ecdudbear dyes. Uned 14, Llys Castan granular, finger-like, or branched Fruit Very rare; reddish. Notes Similar to P. rubiginosa, but this is usually abundantly Notes Ftohuen md aarmgionn, lgo omkoinsgse lsik oen s utrne'es sr a(yesp oerc eiaylelyla sahsehs) .and Notes Whetnh ew ceot mis msimonielasrt tsop seocmiees ointh Aetrl aLenptitco gwiouomdlsapnedcsie. s. Notes When fertile often mistaken for O. tartarea (lwikheic thin hya sf rnaogments of coral. They like tiny fragments of coral. They of meadow. Save Our Magnificent Meadows will focus Ffordd Y Parc, Parc Menai Ffordd Y Parc, Parc Menai Underside Thick blackish or greyish velvety mat (hypothallus) fertile, has no soredia and is very rare in Wales. sometimNeost eosn Omthoesrs yU srnoeckass ipne coileds waoreo dnloatn udssu. aVlelyry s osi fmeritlailre .t oT hseo meost If in doubt dry a specimen to see the distinctive colour of dry soredia). This is a common species in north and weastr eB rai tmaine ain sa of vegetative are a means of vegetative Bangor Bangor visible at the edges of upturned lobe margins. other Lespimtoiglaiur, mUssnpeeac sieusb, felogr iLd.a pnual,v irnaraetluym fru(bitust atnhda td sepvecloieps hclaussters of L. cyanescens. range of lichen communities on acidic trees and rorcekps.r oItd ius cutsioedn .in reproduction. Notes Similar to D. plumbea, but this is usually abundantly fertile, flattenemd iinsiudtiea )is. idia. Gwynetdhde production of traditional cudbear dye. Gwynedd has no isidia, and is very rare in Wales. LL57 4FD Soredia Floury powder or coarse LL57 4FD Soredia Floury powder or coarse granules that often occur along granules that often occur along 4 IS THE LICRHamENa lCinRaU faSrTinYa AceNaD S GhRagAgNyU sLtrAaRp ?lichen Evernia prunastri Oak moss Tel: 01248 670P6e9r1tusaria amara Bitter wart licrhidegnes or cracks on the suMrfyaceo,b olrastus sangHuypinoathraiullus s Bonlo Doedgye-lihae sapr.t lichen Tel: 01248 670691 ridges or cracks on the surface, or Soredia on Parmelia sulcata Email: [email protected] on the lobe margins. They may be Email: [email protected] on the lobe margins. They may be Parmeliella triptophylla Black-bordered shingle lichen S42 Fuscopannaria sampaiana Brown shingle lichen Thelotrema lepadinum Barnacle lichen Mycobilimbia pilularis diffuse or arise in discrete diffuse or arise in discrete structures (termed soralia). structures (termed soralia). Like isidia, they are a means of Like isidia, they are a means of www.plantlife.org.uk vegetative reproduction. www.plantlife.org.uk vegetative reproduction. on meadows and grassland across the UK, from the Cyphellae and pseudocyphellae Cilia Wiry black hairs on the upper ISBN: 978-1-907141-86-7 ISBN: 978-1-907141-88-1 © October 2013 Pores or cracks that expose the © October 2013 surface or lobe margins. interior of the lichen, appearing as Plantlife Cymru is part of Plantlife International – the paler spots or lines on the surface. Plantlife Cymru is part of Plantlife International – the Cyphellae and pseudocyphellae Wild Plant Conservation charity, a charitable Pores or cracks that expose the Rhizines on Peltigera sp. Wild Plant Conservation charity, a charitable Psuedocyphellae on Cetrelia olivetorum company limited by guarantee. Registered in England Rhizines Root-like structures, as interior of the lichen, appearing as and Wales, charity no 1059559. Registered company found on Peltigera species. These company limited by guarantee. Registered in England paler spots or lines on the surface. no 3166339, registered in England and Wales. may be straight, forked or branched. and Wales, charity no 1059559. Registered company no 3166339, registered in England and Wales. Rhizines Root-like structures. Stiff This guide is based on text written for Plantlife Tomentum An even or patchy wiry black rhizines are typical of Scotland by Andy Acton and Anna Griffith carpet of short hairs (usually This guide is based on text written for Plantlife many Parmelion species, and these soralia All photos © Acton/Griffith 2013 Except Nephroma brownish or pale) on the underside Scotland by Andy Acton and Anna Griffith may be forked, branched, or just Fermanagh grasslands of Northern Ireland and whin parile © Ray Woods 2013 and soredia on Sticta as found in Sticta species. simple. dry limbata © Dave Lamacraft 2013 ALll pihoctos ©h Acteon/Gnriffitsh 20 13o Excfept UWsnea floeridalsh Lichens of Welsh Short tufts of narrow, flattened branches. Short tufts of flattened branches with forked tips, often with Form A thin or thickish warty crust. Form Form Hypothallus A dark mat on the © Alan Hale 2013 and Parmelinopsis horrescens Hypothallus A dark mat on the Colour Pale grey-green to yellow-green. a network of ridges. The proCdoulocutironP aolfe tghriesy g, ugirdeey w toa sg frueenndiesdh bgyrey. lower surface, often on ly visible lower surface, often only visible Tomentum with cyphellae on Sticta sp. ©Tim Wilkins 2013 Rhizines on Hypotrachyna laevigata Form Tiny lobes (squamules) on the black margins of a dense crust Form Appears like a brown crust, but has tiny lobes (squamules) Form A thSionr ecdruiast/ Iwsitdhi anuSomredroiau sin s dmisaclrl,e dteis otvinacl tsiovrea lbia ranloanclge -blriaknech margins. Colour Pale grey-green to pale yellow-green. Soredia/Isidia Soredia are white and rounded, and btaesttwee veenry lobes or at th e margins. Atlantic Woodlabnetweden lsobes or at the margins. Atlantic Woodlands of isidia. usually visible on the margins of a crust of soredia. fruits. Fruit Rare. olour GrSeoerne dtoia g/rIesyid-giareAetn f, igrsrte eronuenr dw ahnedn owne rti.dges and lobe margins; later bitter (rub with a wet finger and taste). It may be thin and vis ible only as a fingernail to It may be thin and visible only as a Coastal grasslands Colour Blackish when wet to brown or grey-brown when dry. Colour Creamy red-brown to red-brown with paler margins. More Colour WUhnitdisehrs tiod ep aSlaem gree cyo.lour as upper surface. S oredia/iIrsreidgiualaNr, osnpere. ading and coalescing. Fruit Very rare. dark stain, but when wr evlle dale av e“lbolopoed spot”. GTheu prioduecti o1n ofT thise g uLideo wbasa furnidoedn b yl ichens ofd arks shta,i n, but when well developed Guide 2 The Parmelion lichens of birch, Soredia/Isidia Minute, thin and finger-like, often branched (best visible greyish when wet. Soredia/NIsoitdeisaS Nimonilea.r to Evernia prunastri (see right), short-tufted Usnea F ruit AbuFnrduaitn Vt;e bryu frfa rteo. pinkish-orange and globular, or pill-like. Notes Similar to another common wart lichen, P. albmesacyen bse( bthuticker and veFlvoermt-l iAk eth. in or thickish crust. may be thicker and velvet-like. when dry). Soredia/Isidia Pale greyish to creamy granular soredia. Fruit Abusnpedcainets; (lbikuet tshmeasell hbaavren accylleinsd. rical branches) and other Ramalina N otes FreUqnudeenrtslyid feouWnhdi toisnh o, or cnceaasri otnhael lbya wseit ho fg mreaetnu prea ttcrhees., often this does not taste bitter). Both of these wart lichens are common Colour White, pale grey or grey. hazel, willow, rowan and old oak alder and oak A management guide Fruit Rare; small (to 1mm), red-brown. Fruit Not recorded in UK. Notes Fosupnedc ioens; mR.a ftaurrien atcreeeasi sa nthde s mhrousbt sc oinm omldo wn oRoadms ainlicnlaudspinegcies iFno rmmo rAe fsiNhnaoedt gersda nSciuomnlaidrlai tdri uotosnt sRi.nagm wailtinha d fiastrincatcievae wfrhuiictsh. has narrower lobes, and in a range of lichen communities on trees. Soredia/Isidia Usually none. Underside Black hypothallus extending beyond the margins of the lobes. Underside Blue-black hypothallus often visible at squamule margins. hazel ando nro twreaens, wanitdh oanci dsm baorokt.h bark on mature ash and oak. C the upper and lower surfaces are the same colour. A common species Fruit Frequent; black convex fruits; scratch one with a Notes Appears as a dark stain on the bark of trees (especially old ash). Notes Some people detect a distinctive sweet, fruity smell (like a juicy on a range of deciduous trees and used in the perfume industry. grasslands of Northumberland, to the traditionalfruit chewing gum) when the wet surface is gently rubbed with a finger. meadows of southern England

Intensive survey of one of Britain’s rarest lichens in New Forest and Savernake – geranium firedot – provides data that will aid future conservation efforts

Annual Members’ Day held at Robinson College, Cambridge, with environmentalist and writer Tony Juniper delivering the keynote speech

A major new project to bring rare plants back to Barnham Cross Common, Suffolk, was launched with funding from the Wren Biodiversity Action Fund. Thirteen of Plantlife’s target 28 Breckland species are found on the Common, including fingered speedwell, Spanish catchfly, tower mustard and perennial knawel Record numbers of locally rare clustered bellflower and nationally rare ground- Pillwort has reappeared in two Plantlife- pine at Ranscombe, as a result of our created scrapes in north Hampshire conservation management

Funding from Natural England allows Experimental management to encourage us to investigate the decline of a rare meadow clary at Ranscombe is a success, heathland moss in Dorset: rusty fork- with 40 new seedlings present in spring moss was found at just one site 2014, more than doubling the population at the reserve Financial Balance sheet statement 31 March 2014

Independent Auditors’ statement to March March the Trustees of Plantlife International 2014 2013 – The Wild Plant Conservation Charity Fixed assets We have examined the summary financial statement for the period ended 31 March Tangible fixed assets 20,851 39,034 2014 which comprises the Statement Heritage assets 1,387,713 1,384,359 of Financial Activities and the Balance Investments 2,729,377 2,661,698 Sheet set out on this publication. 4,137,941 4,085,091 Respective responsibilities of Trustees and Auditors Current assets The Trustees are responsible for Debtors 318,915 405,691 preparing the summarised annual Cash at bank in hand 733,854 296,603 report in accordance with applicable 1,052,769 702,294 United Kingdom law.

Our responsibility is to report to you Creditors our opinion on the consistency of the Amounts falling due within one year (281,394) (264,225) summary financial statement within the summarised annual report with the Net current assets 771,375 438,069 full annual financial statements and the Trustees Report, and its compliance with the relevant requirements of the Accounting Total assets less current liabilities 4,909,316 4,523,160 and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice. Creditors Amounts falling due after more than one year We also read the other information 4,909,316 4,523,160 contained in the summarised annual report and consider the implications for our report if we become aware of any apparent Capital funds misstatements or material inconsistencies Permanent endowment fund 2,359,821 2,310,277 with the summary financial statement. Income funds We conducted our work in accordance with Restricted funds 1,640,911 1,404,773 the Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Unrestricted income funds 846,845 766,045 Statement of Recommended Practice. Unrestricted revaluation reserve 61,739 42,065 Our report on the company’s full annual financial statements describes the basis 4,909,316 4,523,160 of our opinion on those financial statements and on the Trustees Report. Opinion The accounts shown are not the statutory In our opinion the summary financial accounts but a summary of information statement is consistent with the full annual relating to both the Statement of financial statements and the Trustees Financial Activities and the Balance Report of Plantlife International - The Wild Sheet. The full financial statements have Plant Conservation Charity for the period been audited and received an unqualified ended 31 March 2014 and complies with the report. The full accounts, the audit report applicable requirements of the Accounting and the Trustees’ report are available on and Reporting by Charities: Statement our website www.plantlife.org.uk or from of Recommended Practice. our Salisbury office and will be filed in due course with the Charity Commission, Langdowns DFK the Office of the Scottish Regulator Statutory Auditors and Companies House. Fleming Court, Leigh Road Eastleigh, Southampton SO50 9PD

Annual Review 2013 Thank Treasurer’s Statement of financial activities you statement for the period ended 31 March 2014

Annual Review 2013 Plantlife in numbers Patron: HRH The Prince of Wales Plantlife HQ targeted for meadow 14 Rollestone Street restoration under Salisbury SP1 1DX our new Save 01722 342730 [email protected] Our Magnificent Plantlife Scotland, Stirling Meadows scheme 01786 478509 [email protected] by Plantlife staff Plantlife Cymru, Cardiff and volunteers 02920 376193 [email protected] running the Virgin London Marathon www.plantlife.org.uk

attended Plantlife created or restored as part of Scotland’s workshops, our Coronation Meadows project events, demonstration days, walks and talks

led by Plantlife’s partners in Bulgaria,