Odense Pilot River Basin Provisional Article 5 Report
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Fyn County Odense PRB Odense Pilot River Basin Provisional Article 5 Report pursuant to the Water Framework Directive Title: Odense Pilot River Basin, Provisional Article 5 Report pursuant to the Water Framework Directive – 132 pages. Internet version: A pdf fi le of the report is available on the Odense Pilot River Basin website: www.OdensePRB.fyns-amt.dk Publisher: Fyn County Nature Management and Water Environment Division Environmental and Land Use Management Division DK-Ørbækvej 100 5220 Odense SØ Telephone: +45 6556 1000 Telefax: +45 6556 1505 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www. OdensePRB.fyns-amt.dk (project) and www.fyns-amt.dk (Fyn County) Editors: Harley Bundgaard Madsen, Stig Eggert Pedersen and Nanna Rask Other authors: Jørgen Windolf Henrik Tornbjerg Ole Jørgensen Heidi Clausen Rikke Clausen Annette Sode Søren Larsen Kjeld Sandby Hansen Elsebeth Glob Karin Skovhus Lotte Knudsen Lene Juncher Lind Mikael Hjorth Jensen Peter Østergaard Svend Petersen Morten Sørensen Peter Hyldegaard Jakob Q. Christensen Ann Fuglsang Sune Hald Lars Gjøde Bangsgaard Dirk-Ingmar Müller-Wohlfeil Erik Vinther Michael Munk Sørensen (COWI) Kirsten Muus Translation: David I. Barry Layout: Birte Vindt Flemming Nørgaard Inge Møllegaard Susanne Roed Marianne Hegelund Inga Housted Holm National Scientifi c Advisory Board: See www.OdensePRB.fyns-amt.dk Regional Political Advisory Board: See www.OdensePRB.fyns-amt.dk Please quote: Fyns Amt (2003). Odense Pilot River Basin. Provisional Article 5 Report pursuant to the Water Framework Directive. Fyn County, 132 pp. Maps: Copyright KMS National Survey and Cadastre 1992/KC.86.1023 Impression: 200 Year of publication: November 2003 Printed by: MOURET AD & DESIGN, telephone +45 6311 0333 ISBN: 87-7343-574-0 Odense 2 PRB Odense Pilot River Basin Table of contents Foreword ...............................................................................................................................5 Summary and conclusions .................................................................................................... 7 1. Characterization of surface waters, wetlands and groundwater ..................................... 11 1.1 River basin....................................................................................................................... 11 1.1.1 Landscape and soil types ........................................................................................ 11 1.1.2 Land use, population and wastewater .................................................................... 11 1.1.3 Agricultural conditions .......................................................................................... 12 1.2 Climatic conditions .........................................................................................................17 1.3 The water cycle ............................................................................................................... 19 1.4 Watercourses ................................................................................................................... 21 1.4.1 Location, size and density....................................................................................... 21 1.4.2 Typology................................................................................................................. 21 1.4.3 Delineation of watercourse reaches ........................................................................ 23 1.4.4 Physical modifi cation.............................................................................................. 23 1.4.5 Reference conditions............................................................................................... 26 1.4.6 Provisional establishment of objectives .................................................................. 27 1.5 Lakes................................................................................................................................ 31 1.5.1 Location of the lakes............................................................................................... 31 1.5.2 Physical modifi cation.............................................................................................. 31 1.5.3 Typology................................................................................................................. 33 1.5.4 Reference conditions............................................................................................... 34 1.5.5 Provisional establishment of objectives .................................................................. 36 1.6 Wetlands.......................................................................................................................... 37 1.6.1 Location ..................................................................................................................37 1.6.2 Typology................................................................................................................. 38 1.6.3 Physical modifi cation.............................................................................................. 39 1.6.4 Reference conditions............................................................................................... 40 1.6.5 Provisional establishment of objectives .................................................................. 40 1.7 Groundwater................................................................................................................... 43 1.7.1 Initial characterization ............................................................................................ 43 1.7.2 Further characterization ......................................................................................... 49 1.7.3 Provisional establishment of objectives .................................................................. 53 1.8 Transitional waters and coastal waters............................................................................ 55 1.8.1 Odense Fjord ......................................................................................................... 55 1.8.2 Typology................................................................................................................. 58 1.8.3 Delineation of water bodies .................................................................................... 59 1.8.4 Physical modifi cation.............................................................................................. 59 1.8.5 Reference conditions............................................................................................... 60 1.8.6 Provisional establishment of objectives .................................................................. 66 2. Register of protected areas.................................................................................................. 67 3. Pollutant loading................................................................................................................. 73 3.1 Households and industry ................................................................................................ 74 3.1.1 Waterborne pollution ............................................................................................. 74 3.1.2 Airborne pollution.................................................................................................. 77 3.2 Agriculture ...................................................................................................................... 79 3.3 Background loading......................................................................................................... 83 3.4 Loading estimates for selected areas ................................................................................ 85 3.4.1 Groundwater........................................................................................................... 85 3.4.2 Watercourses........................................................................................................... 88 3.4.3 Lakes and fjords ...................................................................................................... 89 3.5 Nutrient budgets ............................................................................................................. 92 3.5.1 Nitrogen budget...................................................................................................... 92 Odense PRB Odense Pilot River Basin 3 Table of contents 3.6 Hazardous substances and heavy metals ......................................................................... 93 3.6.1 Airborne pollution.................................................................................................. 93 3.6.2 Waterborne pollution ............................................................................................. 93 4. Impact of human activities on water status ...................................................................... 97 4.1. Groundwater.................................................................................................................. 97 4.1.1 Abstraction of groundwater.................................................................................... 97 4.1.2 Groundwater chemical status.................................................................................. 97 4.1.3. Objective compliance and risk of future lack of compliance................................. 98 4.2. Watercourses .................................................................................................................. 99 4.2.1 Physical pressures...................................................................................................