Optimizing Push to Talk Over Cellular

Home , Air interface, CDMA2000

OPTIMIZING PUSH TO TALK OVER CELLULAR

ONE TOUCH INSTANT COMMUNICATIONS

Mike Koenig VP Product Management Motorola SoftSwitch Division, Wireless Systems Group

MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2004. 1 Agenda

Opportunities for PoC Performance Enhancement ÆStandards ÆProduct

Subscriber Devices and Client Interoperability

MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2004. 2 MOTOROLA’S END-TO-END PoC SOLUTION

Handset CDMA2000 1X, Intranet/ Server(s) Clients GPRS, EDGE, Internet WLAN

Motorola End-to-End PoC Solution

Æ Efficient, always connected communications Æ Quick, one-touch connection to one/many users Æ Anywhere, anytime access on a local/national level Æ Standards-compliant solution over Wireless Packet Data Networks

Æ Supports migration to Multi Media Domain (MMD)/IP Multi-media Subsystem (IMS)

1930s and 1940s 1993 Æ Introduced 1st Walkie-Talkie Two-way Æ PTT on iDEN networks “Push-to-Talk” services for police and military 2001 1950s to early 1980s Æ Deployment of CDMA2000 1x with IP packet data service Æ Two-way services become a fundamental need for many public safety agencies 2003 Æ Increased adoption by utilities, enterprises and transportation segments Æ First commercial Push-To-Talk over Cellular (PoC) service - using CDMA 1980s to mid-1990s Æ Second launch of Push-To-Talk over Cellular (PoC) service Æ Trunked systems for non-mission critical users

2004: Motorola reveals 14 commercial PoC contracts, several additional trials, and introduces PoC as IMS/MMD Application

Æ Standards-based PoC Requires Session Initiations Protocol (SIP) Æ Moving to IP Multi-Media Subsystem (IMS) Æ Standard Based Interoperability Æ Handset IOT With Major Vendors Æ PoC Is Supported By 3GPP2 Multi Media Domain (MMD) vision Æ Includes IMS Æ Actively Engaged with Standards to Drive Enhanced Performance Æ RF and Network Recommendations

Active participation in PoC consortium and OMA to liaise with 3GPP2 to provide standards based mechanisms for Multimedia applications

Motorola Application Functions

Voice Speculation Spooling

Application Protocols (Server & PDSN) SIP Server Client / Server Compression Spooling

CDMA Air-Interface & Standards

Reduced Improved Core Setup Time Performance Network & Capacity Improvement RAN & Packet Core

Speculative Data Call Set Up – Originator Æ Mobile client feature - data call origination is placed as user enters Contact List, before the user presses PTT to start the call ÆHandset goes Active on Fundamental Channel (FCH) before user starts call Æ Applies to all PTT call types Æ Standard handset feature today Æ Reduces user perceived PTT Call Setup time

Late Media – No Spooling Expected Performance

1. Invite 2. Invite Time to Talk Permit: 6.0 s 4. OK 3. OK PTT Round Trip Response: 8.5 s 5. Voice Server Actual Setup Time: 6.0 s

Server Spooling (Early Media )

1. Invite 4. Invite Time to Talk Permit: 2.0 s 2. OK 5. OK PTT Round Trip Response: 6.0 s 6. Voice 3. Voice Server Actual Setup Time: 6.0 s

Handset Spooling

1. Voice Time to Talk Permit: 0.2 s 2. Invite 3. Invite PTT Round Trip Response: 8.5 s 5. OK 4. OK Server 6. Voice Actual Setup Time: 6.0 s

Spooling: Voice is queued before completion of call setup. Gives the call originator the perception that setup is faster

Reduce Pg Slot Cycle to < 1s, ~ 320ms

Pg w/ Ch Assgn + Semi Dormant, ~ 600 ms

Optimizing Setup Setup Time w/ Quick Connect: Reconect Plus (Rel D) or Intersystem Page RAN (Rel E) ~ 1.8 s Æ Lead Implementation Standards on 5 Standardized Enhancements SYNC ID (Rev A), ~ 540 ms Features ~ 2.2s Quick Paging (RevA), ~ 500 ms

Current Setup Time ~ 6s

Setup Time Reduction ~ 3.8 s

Header Compression H H H H H H Æ IS835 Rev C Aggregation RTP F H H H F H IP Packet UDP IP RLP RLP ACK PPP RLP Protocol

Goal: ~ 2 Second Call Setup With 50% Higher Capacity

PoC Release 1.0 PoC Release 3.0 – 3Q ‘04 Æ Commercially deployed on Æ PoC Consortium Phase I Signaling CDMA 1X in August 2003 Compliance Æ Built on SIP Signaling and RTP / Æ Presence Enhancements RTCP Standards Æ RF Efficiency (presence server push) Æ Talker Arbitration Support Æ Server Spooling (Early Media) PoC Release 2.0 Æ Network Processor IO Card Æ Fast CPU with Enlarged Memory Æ Handset Spooling Æ Fast Talker Arbitration PoC Release 4.0 – 1H ‘04 Æ Speculation Æ IOS 4.1 Release A Features – R-EACH & SDB Æ Consortium Phase II Compliance Æ Cross technology PoC (Vocoder Translation)

Goals: Full Standards Compliance with Continuously Improved Performance

RAN and Mobiles PDSN and Core Network Æ “Network Initiated” is a New Æ PDSN Session Capacity Application Paradigm Æ“Always On” PPP Æexposes never seen bugs in RAN sessions require elements; single load across increased capacity over network reduces issues other packet services Æ Optimize “On-Channel” Activities Æ Optimal Core Network ÆEnd of call perform activities Design ÆPresence updates, GLM Downloads ÆPDSN, Routers and Æ Presence fresh at power down PoC Servers must have Æ Size RAN Channel Element Data limited hops Capacity ÆNetwork capacity must ÆMinimized blocked calls be properly sized Æ PCF Capacity Planning Æ Ideal PDSN inactivity ÆMinimize blocked calls timer Æ20 seconds -- optimal dormancy behavior

High Quality Speakers Dedicated PTT key

Future Push To “X” phones

V65p

V60p MOTOCHIC Individual expression through style

MOTOMEDIA Mid to high tier solutions that deliver music and gaming experiences T300p MOTOLIFE Entry level for the trendy masses

Motorola PTT User Motorola PoC Client available Interface Application rd (Screen, Keyboard, Address to 3 party handset books, and PTT button handlers, manufacturers Application Glue)

PoC Client available for OEM PTT Middleware API to 3rd party application developers Motorola PTT Client Middleware (RTP, SIP, SDP, Call Control) IOT Program

Æ All Major CDMA handset Audio Sockets CDMA manufacturers engaged API API API Æ 5 major CDMA vendors already Vocoder IP CDMA Display testing And Stack Drivers And Audio Keyboard Æ Testing complete on more than 12 handsets Base OS

Driving Open Standard Interfaces and Interoperability

PTX is an evolution of PoC ÆIt is more than just “pushing” voice to a user via PTT; it leverages the same application to push data like images, music, video to another user or groups of users ÆPTX is different than other peer to peer services. PTX is all about “real time transfer”, “urgency”, and “immediacy of transfer”

1 PTX Menu Enablers: Push to Talk § Common App/UI for PTX/PTT § Multiple data formats Share File § Presence enabled, integrated Share Image phonebook § MMD/IMS Share Video Vid Share Music

EXIT SELECT

Packet Switch

The Motorola PoC solution is built upon SIP and MMD/IMS standards, and is optimized for high-performance communications.

These services are still in their infancy; voice push-to-talk is just the beginning of the capabilities that Motorola will offer with this new technology. As the standards evolve, Motorola is committed to incorporating new standards compliant functionality. Æ Motorola is the leader in dispatch communications and a key participant in all of the relevant standards bodies: IETF, 3GPP, 3GPP2, OMA

Motorola knows how to improve application and protocol performance. We are working with standards bodies in support of PoC Interoperability. Æ Using our strong push to talk IPR to support the industry

Through strong product roadmap, partnerships and services; Motorola is dedicated to providing the best performing “Push-To” services

THANK YOU!

Motorola Network Solutions mean ……..

Driving Growth Managing Cost

Æ Rapid Introduction of New Services Æ Leverage Existing Investment Æ Increase Usage Æ Incremental Future Investment Æ Successful Provisioning of Data Æ Increase Operational Efficiency Services Æ Opportunities to Target New Subscribers

Motorola’s PoC Optimization Service PoC Optimization Modules and Phases Æ Maintain data and voice performance for both PoC and voice subscribers Æ Capacity planning Monitor Baseline & Audit Æ Improve and maintain optimum latency Æ Maintenance of PoC Key Performance Motorola’s Push-To-Talk Indicators (KPIs) Optimization Æ Audit, simulation, optimization and Service monitoring services Optimize Dimension

Applying Motorola’s PTT Experience

RAN and Mobiles PDSN and Core Network Æ “Network Initiated” application contact to dormant Æ PoC requires “Always On” PPP mobiles is new application paradigm and sessions so users can receive calls exposes bugs in RAN components – check and presence at any time. This versions and patch levels stresses some current generation Æ Take advantage of being on channel to perform PDSN with low session counts housekeeping activities at the end of calls or Æ Core Network design between after speculation PDSN, Control Switch and core Æ Presence updates router infrastructure. Optimal Æ Group and list management down loads design with limited or no hops Æ Send explicit unsubscribe at power off to keep between interconnections presence fresh (including PDSN, router and CS all Æ RAN Channel Element capacity - especially in in one physical location). Also densely populated urban settings such as large capacity between POP sites must corporate office building areas or downtown support the call volumes in busy areas - if not enough CE data capacity in RAN hour. then blocked calls will result Æ PDSN inactivity timer - Æ PCF design differs by vendor - some have co- recommend setting to 20 located at BSC, some co-locate at MSC, some seconds. Must be greater than 10 have as adjunct and capacities vary by seconds to ensure the originator vendor. If not enough data capacity in PCF then does not go dormant waiting for blocked calls will result 200 OK and terminator does not go dormant waiting for ACK.

MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2004. 19