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Compassion and Courage
Compassion and courage Australian doctors and dentists in the Great War Medical History Museum, University of Melbourne War has long brought about great change and discovery in medicine and dentistry, due mainly to necessity and the urgency and severity of the injuries, disease and other hardships confronting patients and practitioners. Much of this innovation has taken place in the field, in makeshift hospitals, under conditions of poor Compassion hygiene and with inadequate equipment and supplies. During World War I, servicemen lived in appalling conditions in the trenches and were and subjected to the effects of horrific new weapons courage such as mustard gas. Doctors and dentists fought a courageous battle against the havoc caused by AUSTRALIAN DOCTORS AND DENTISTS war wounds, poor sanitation and disease. IN THE REAT AR Compassion and courage: Australian doctors G W and dentists in the Great War explores the physical injury, disease, chemical warfare and psychological trauma of World War I, the personnel involved and the resulting medical and dental breakthroughs. The book and exhibition draw upon the museums, archives and library of the University of Melbourne, as well as public and private collections in Australia and internationally, Edited by and bring together the research of historians, doctors, dentists, curators and other experts. Jacqueline Healy Front cover (left to right): Lafayette-Sarony, Sir James Barrett, 1919; cat. 247: Yvonne Rosetti, Captain Arthur Poole Lawrence, 1919; cat. 43: [Algernon] Darge, Dr Gordon Clunes McKay Mathison, 1914. Medical History Museum Back cover: cat. 19: Memorial plaque for Captain Melville Rule Hughes, 1922. University of Melbourne Inside front cover: cat. -
June 2014 Society Meetings Society and Events SHEPHARD PRIZE: NEW PRIZE Meetings for MATHEMATICS 2014 and Events Following a Very Generous Tions Open in Late 2014
LONDONLONDON MATHEMATICALMATHEMATICAL SOCIETYSOCIETY NEWSLETTER No. 437 June 2014 Society Meetings Society and Events SHEPHARD PRIZE: NEW PRIZE Meetings FOR MATHEMATICS 2014 and Events Following a very generous tions open in late 2014. The prize Monday 16 June donation made by Professor may be awarded to either a single Midlands Regional Meeting, Loughborough Geoffrey Shephard, the London winner or jointly to collaborators. page 11 Mathematical Society will, in 2015, The mathematical contribution Friday 4 July introduce a new prize. The prize, to which an award will be made Graduate Student to be known as the Shephard must be published, though there Meeting, Prize will be awarded bienni- is no requirement that the pub- London ally. The award will be made to lication be in an LMS-published page 8 a mathematician (or mathemati- journal. Friday 4 July cians) based in the UK in recog- Professor Shephard himself is 1 Society Meeting nition of a specific contribution Professor of Mathematics at the Hardy Lecture to mathematics with a strong University of East Anglia whose London intuitive component which can be main fields of interest are in page 9 explained to those with little or convex geometry and tessella- Wednesday 9 July no knowledge of university math- tions. Professor Shephard is one LMS Popular Lectures ematics, though the work itself of the longest-standing members London may involve more advanced ideas. of the LMS, having given more page 17 The Society now actively en- than sixty years of membership. Tuesday 19 August courages members to consider The Society wishes to place on LMS Meeting and Reception nominees who could be put record its thanks for his support ICM 2014, Seoul forward for the award of a in the establishment of the new page 11 Shephard Prize when nomina- prize. -
JPBM Communications Award Is Given to He Takes a Particular Interest in Problems That Lie Ian Stewart of the University of Warwick
comm-jpbm.qxp 3/5/99 3:49 PM Page 568 JPBM Awards Presented in San Antonio The Joint Policy Board for Mathematics (JPBM) The sheer volume of this work is staggering, but Communications Award was established in 1988 the quality is spectacular as well. With clarity and to reward and encourage journalists and other humor, Ian Stewart explains everything from num- communicators who, on a sustained basis, bring ber theory to fractals, from Euclidean geometry to accurate mathematical information to nonmathe- fluid dynamics, from game theory to foundations. matical audiences. Any person is eligible as long He conveys both the beauty and the utility of math- as that person’s work communicates primarily ematics in a way seldom achieved by a single au- with nonmathematical audiences. The lifetime thor, and he does so with charm and eloquence. award recognizes a significant contribution or ac- cumulated contributions to public understanding Biographical Sketch of mathematics. Ian Stewart was born in 1945, did his undergrad- At the Joint Mathematics Meetings in San An- uate degree at Cambridge, and his Ph.D. at Warwick. tonio in January 1999, the 1999 JPBM Communi- He is now a professor at Warwick University and cations Award was presented to IAN STEWART. Below director of the Mathematics Awareness Centre at is the award citation, a biographical sketch, and Warwick. He has held visiting positions in Ger- Stewart’s response upon receiving the award. This many, New Zealand, Connecticut, and Texas. He has is followed by information about a JPBM Special published over 120 papers. His present field is Communications Award presented to JOHN LYNCH the effects of symmetry on nonlinear dynamics, and SIMON SINGH. -
Dentistry and the British Army: 1661 to 1921
Military dentistry GENErAL Dentistry and the British Army: 1661 to 1921 Quentin Anderson1 Key points Provides an overview of dentistry in Britain and Provides an overview of the concerns of the dental Illustrates some of the measures taken to provide its relation to the British Army from 1661 to 1921. profession over the lack of dedicated dental dental care to the Army in the twentieth century provision for the Army from the latter half of the before 1921 and the formation of the Army nineteenth century. Dental Corps. Abstract Between 1661 and 1921, Britain witnessed signifcant changes in the prevalence of dental caries and its treatment. This period saw the formation of the standing British Army and its changing oral health needs. This paper seeks to identify these changes in the Army and its dental needs, and place them in the context of the changing disease prevalence and dental advances of the time. The rapidly changing military and oral health landscapes of the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century bring recognition of the Army’s growing dental problems. It is not, however, without years of campaigning by members of the profession, huge dental morbidity rates on campaign and the outbreak of a global confict that the War Ofce resource a solution. This culminates in 1921 with, for the frst time in 260 years, the establishment of a professional Corps within the Army for the dental care of its soldiers; the Army Dental Corps is formed. Introduction Seventeenth century site; caries at contact areas was rare. In the seventeenth century, however, the overall This paper sets out to illustrate the links At the Restoration in 1660, Britain had three prevalence increased, including the frequency between dentistry and the British Army over armies:1 the Army raised by Charles II in of lesions at contact areas and in occlusal the 260 years between the Royal Warrant exile, the Dunkirk garrison and the main fssures.3 In contrast, it is suggested by Kerr of Charles II establishing today’s Army Commonwealth army. -
Fermat's Last Theorem
Fermat's Last Theorem In number theory, Fermat's Last Theorem (sometimes called Fermat's conjecture, especially in older texts) Fermat's Last Theorem states that no three positive integers a, b, and c satisfy the equation an + bn = cn for any integer value of n greater than 2. The cases n = 1 and n = 2 have been known since antiquity to have an infinite number of solutions.[1] The proposition was first conjectured by Pierre de Fermat in 1637 in the margin of a copy of Arithmetica; Fermat added that he had a proof that was too large to fit in the margin. However, there were first doubts about it since the publication was done by his son without his consent, after Fermat's death.[2] After 358 years of effort by mathematicians, the first successful proof was released in 1994 by Andrew Wiles, and formally published in 1995; it was described as a "stunning advance" in the citation for Wiles's Abel Prize award in 2016.[3] It also proved much of the modularity theorem and opened up entire new approaches to numerous other problems and mathematically powerful modularity lifting techniques. The unsolved problem stimulated the development of algebraic number theory in the 19th century and the proof of the modularity theorem in the 20th century. It is among the most notable theorems in the history of mathematics and prior to its proof was in the Guinness Book of World Records as the "most difficult mathematical problem" in part because the theorem has the largest number of unsuccessful proofs.[4] Contents The 1670 edition of Diophantus's Arithmetica includes Fermat's Overview commentary, referred to as his "Last Pythagorean origins Theorem" (Observatio Domini Petri Subsequent developments and solution de Fermat), posthumously published Equivalent statements of the theorem by his son. -
The Book Review Column1 by William Gasarch Dept of Computer Science Univ
The Book Review Column1 by William Gasarch Dept of Computer Science Univ. of MD at College Park College Park, MD, 20742 email: [email protected] Slight change in information given: in the past I have provided price and ISBN numbers of books. The notion of price is ill-defined: the website www.bestbookbuys.com gives a range of prices from place to purchase books on the web. (amazon.com is usually not the cheapest, and its usually not even close.). Providing ISBN numbers is also not needed in this electronic age where such information is available at the touch of a button. If the price is notable{ either rather high or rather low, this might be mentioned in the review. Welcome to the Book Reviews Column. We hope to bring you at least two reviews of books every month. In this column five books are reviewed. 1. The Codebreakers: The story of secret writing , by David Kahn reviewed by William Gasarch. This is a rather complete history of crypto up to World War II. The key question for us is, should someone doing research in cryptography read this book? 2. The Code Book: The Evolution of Secrecy from Mary Queen of Scots to Quantum Cryptography , by Simon Singh. This book review originally appeared in the Notices of the American Mathematical Society, March 2000, and is reprinted here with permission. Review by Jim Reeds. This is a recent book on the history of crypto that is quite popular. But is it accurate? Read the review to find out. 3. DNA Based Computers V (Proceedings of a Dimacs Workshop) edited by Eric Winfree and David K. -
Technologies of Accident: Forensic Media, Crash Analysis, and the Redefinition of Progress
TECHNOLOGIES OF ACCIDENT: FORENSIC MEDIA, CRASH ANALYSIS, AND THE REDEFINITION OF PROGRESS Greg Siegel A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Communication Studies. Chapel Hill 2005 Approved by Advisor: Professor Lawrence Grossberg Reader: Professor Tyler Curtain Reader: Professor Ken Hillis Reader: Professor Kevin Parker Reader: Professor Della Pollock © 2005 Greg Siegel ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT GREG SIEGEL: Technologies of Accident: Forensic Media, Crash Analysis, and the Redefinition of Progress (Under the direction of Lawrence Grossberg) This study suggests that by the mid-twentieth century, transportation accidents were no longer thought to be something that could be eradicated through the eradication of human error. Neither were they something to be simply accepted. Instead, they were something to be expertly monitored and measured, scrutinized and analyzed, explained and contained. To these ends, transportation accidents were subjected to rigorous investigation and controlled experiment, and new means and methods were designed and implemented to technologically write, scientifically read, and institutionally manage them. Technologies of Accident advances three basic propositions: (1) the transportation accident was made into an object of scientific and institutional analysis, knowledge, and control in the United States during the 1940s and ’50s; (2) the transportation accident, regarded in the nineteenth century as an impediment to technological progress, was reconstituted in the twentieth as a catalyst for technological progress; and (3) accident technologies and forensic media such as the flight-data recorder, the cockpit-voice recorder, and the high-speed motion-picture camera embodied and enabled the twin transformations described in the first two propositions. -
Historical Cryptography
Cryptography A Brief History and Introduction MATH/COSC 314 Based on slides by Anne Ho Carolina Coastal University What is cryptography? κρυπτός γράφω “hidden, secret” “writing” ● Cryptology Study of communication securely over insecure channels ● Cryptography Writing (or designing systems to write) messages securely ● Cryptanalysis Study of methods to analyze and break hidden messages Secure Communications Encryption Decryption Key Key Plaintext Ciphertext Plaintext Alice Encrypt Decrypt Bob Eve ● Symmetric Key: Alice and Bob use a (preshared) secret key. ● Public Key: Bob makes an encryption key public that Alice uses to encrypt a message. Only Bob has the decryption key. Possible Attacks Eve (the eavesdropper) is trying to: ● Read Alice’s message. ● Find Alice’s key to read all of Alice’s messages. ● Corrupt Alice’s message, so Bob receives an altered message. ● Pretend to be Alice and communicate with Bob. Why this matters ● Confidentiality Only Bob should be able to read Alice’s message. ● Data integrity Alice’s message shouldn’t be altered in any way. ● Authentication Bob wants to make sure Alice actually sent the message. ● Non-repudiation Alice cannot claim she didn’t send the message. Going back in time… 5th century BC Secret writing and steganography saved Greece from being completely conquered by the Persians. ● Invisible Ink ● Shaved head Steganography vs. Cryptography Steganography hides the existence of a message. Cryptography hides the meaning of a message. Back to 5th century BC Lysander of Sparta used a scytale for encryption. Back to 5th century BC The sender wraps the message around a rod of a fixed diameter. Example: “Help me I am under attack.” H E L P M E I A M U N D E R A T T A C K HENTEIDTLAEAPMRCMUAK ● To decrypt, just wrap strip around a rod of the same diameter. -
Lmc'renakt-Geciehal SIR Artiluh SLOGGETT, K .N.B., K.C.1-J.G., K.E.V.O
J R Army Med Corps: first published as 10.1136/jramc-54-01-01 on 1 January 1930. Downloaded from Protected by copyright. http://militaryhealth.bmj.com/ on October 2, 2021 by guest. [Photo hy Dorcth?/ WtldiJlg LmC'rENAKT-GECiEHAL SIR ARTIlUH SLOGGETT, K .n.B., K.C.1-J.G., K.e.v.o. J R Army Med Corps: first published as 10.1136/jramc-54-01-01 on 1 January 1930. Downloaded from VOL. LIV. JANUARY, 1930. No. 1. Authors are alone responsible for the statements made and the opinions expressed in their papers. ~tlurnal of tb' ~bituar\? LIEUTENANT-GENERAL SIR ARTHUR SLOGGETT, K.C.B., Protected by copyright. K.C.M.G., K.C.V.O. SIR ARl'HUR SLOGGEl'l' was the son of Inspector-General W. H. Sloggett, R.N., and was born at Stoke Damerel, Devon, on November 24, 1857. He was educated' at King's College, London, of which he was subsequently elected a Fellow. He obtained the M.R.C.S.England and L.R.C.P.Edinburgh in 1880, and on February 5, 1881, was commissioned as Surgeon in the Medical Staff. In his batch were several men who afterwards attained distinction as administrators, the most eminent among them being the late Sir William Babtie. Sir Arthur Sloggett will be chiefly remembered as a wise administrator, his savoir-faire, knowledge of the world and of men, enabled him to succeed where other men, though http://militaryhealth.bmj.com/ well versed in Regulations, would have failed. Sir Arthur saw much active service ana was senior medical officer with British troops in' the Dongola expedition, 1896; he was mentioned in dispatches, received the Egyptian medal with two clasps, the Order of the Osmanieh and was promoted Surgeon Lieutenant-Colonel. -
Raising Professional Confidence: the Influence of the Anglo-Boer War (1899 – 1902) on the Development and Recognition of Nursing As a Profession
Raising professional confidence: The influence of the Anglo-Boer War (1899 – 1902) on the development and recognition of nursing as a profession A thesis submitted to The University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing in the Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences. 2013 Charlotte Dale School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work 2 Abstract ........................................................................................................................................................ 5 Declaration ........................................................................................................................................................... 6 Copyright Statement ......................................................................................................................................... 7 Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................................... 8 The Author ............................................................................................................................................................ 9 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................... 10 Chapter One ........................................................................................................................................................ 17 Nursing, War and the late Nineteenth Century -
Year 11 – Post Easter Reading / Research
Year 11 – post Easter reading / research A particular well done to those of you who have been maintaining a study structure at home with the help of your teachers. It is vital that you do not allow there to be a 6 months’ gap in your learning and academic studies – resuming these in September after such a long gap will be very difficult otherwise. In due course, the post-16 institutions you have applied to will offer information on transition and induction; if you have any questions about specific courses, they should be able to answer them. For obvious reasons, most teachers will now stop setting specific revision-related tasks, although there may be a few subjects (like Citizenship) that will require you to finish the course. Instead, we have compiled a list of subject-related reading and research intended to help bridge the gap to your post-16 courses (note that these are general suggestions, so please don’t go out spending lots of money on them!). This could be a golden time for you to acquire a range of background knowledge and information that ordinarily you might not have time for – see this highly unusual period as an opportunity! If you felt you wanted to go further and write up some of your findings, the table on the last page offers some advice on the process and possible formats. Remember, you are still a TK student, so do ask relevant teachers if you need any further advice. Best of luck! Mr Patrick Subject Suggested reading / research Art 'Art in Theory 1900-2000: An Anthology of Changing Ideas', Charles Harrison and Paul -
British Centre for Science Education.Pdf
British Centre for Science Education Share Report Abuse Next Blog» Create Blog Sign In British Centre for Science Education CRISIS - WEDNESDAY, 11 MAY 2011 BLOG ARCHIVE CREATIONISM IN SCHOOLS ISN'T Blog Archive Archive SCIENCE PETITION: SIGNATURE LIST Close that loophole Mr Gove LABELS FEED The BCSE is very pleased to announce that a letter from CrISIS has today been NSS CrISIS Michael Gove Signature #2788 delivered to Michael Gove at the Department for Education formally asking him to Ekklesia BCSE (1) 21st Signature #2787 close the loophole that allows creationists into state funded schools to present Floor (5) A C Grayling Signature #2786 Creationism to our children as a valid scientific fact. (2) A N Wilson (1) AAAS Signature #2785 (2) Adam Frank (1) Adam Rutherford (1) AGW (6) Signature #2784 This is the next part of the CrISIS campaign we told you about here and here - if AIG (8) AIG UK (6) you haven't done so yet - please sign the petition. Alastair Noble (15) Alom Shaha (1) altruism PAGES (1) an evolving creation Home (1) Andrew Brown (2) Andrew Inns (1) Andrew Creationism In Schools Isn't Schlafy (1) Andrew Sibley Science - CrISIS (1) Andrew Snelling (1) AndromedasWake (2) About this Blog Andy McIntosh (4) Free Schools and Anglican (2) Anthony Creationism North (1) Antony Bush BCSE (2) apartheid (1) Downloadable argument from ignorance Resources (1) arguments from Creation Watch improbability (1) AronRa 'Explore Evolution' (3) Art Robinson (1) ASE Exposed (1) Astronomy (2) atheist An Open Letter to (1) Ayala (1) bad religion School