Ecotext of Batar in Tetun Fehan Speakers, Timor, Indonesia
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 8, ISSUE 10, OCTOBER 2019 ISSN 2277-8616 Ecotext Of Batar In Tetun Fehan Speakers, Timor, Indonesia Maria Magdalena N. Nahak, I Wayan Simpen, Ida Bagus Putra Yadnya, I Made Sri Satyawati Abstract: This article is entitled "The Ecotext of Batar in Tetun Fehan speakers, Timor, East Nusa Tenggara Province". The variety of the lexicon of batar is part of the treasure of local wisdom which needs to be studied for the continuity of the eternal ecology of batar. Ecolinguistic research has relevance to linguistics, exploring kinship between language and the environment because it has interaction, interrelation and interdependence. The lives of the people of TF depend on the natural environment because it realizes the origin of livelihoods that are always maintained and preserved between generations. Batar ritual is a traditional agricultural ritual which celebrates ancestral cultural heritage. This study aims: first, to analyze and find the form and category of the lingual text of batar; secondly, analyzing and discovering the influencing factors of the dynamics of the textual lexicon. This research uses ecolinguistic theory with three logical dimensions (ideological, biological, and sociological); supported by linguistic theory and cultural linguistic theory. The approach used is a qualitative descriptive approach that is quantitative naturalistic in nature. This research applies the field work method. The form of research uses the methods of participatory observation, interviews, and triangulation. The richness of the lexicon is the category of nouns, verbs, adjectives, and numerals. The implementation of the four dimensions of the modified product gives birth to a totality in dissecting the bathing ecolexicon in interdependence with batar ritual, namely the ideological dimension, the biological dimension, the sociological dimension and the ecoritual dimension. The results of the data analysis show that first, the lingual form is based on the data obtained, namely the single form lexicon,and the complex form. Second, the factors influencing the dynamics of understanding of the agricultural lexicon are the trust factor, the linguistic factor, and the TF factor. Index Terms: Batar, Ecotext, Tetun Fehan, Indonesia, Linguistics, Social, Ideology —————————— —————————— 1. INTRODUCTION accordance with the development of human culture and can The language has a very important role in human life. easily be changed, and shifted continously from time to time. Humanbeing and language are two things that are In addition, the view of Malaka community is at large about the coexistensial i.e. The two cannot be separated, because benefits of batar ' corn ' for the needs of clothing began to lose human languages exist because it serves to identify itself, so than eating fast food is instant. Corn is the food of the people language exists there due to human who use it in the of village (typical), it also reflects the local Tetun Fehan communication process every day. The role of language in language that experiences the same thing.From the results of relation to various aspects of human life can be seen from the interviews and observations on the location of the research, it concept of langue and parole, two key concepts are ". can be said that in general the majority of wild plants in the introduced by Saussure (1959). Langue is the totality of the environment of the community, but the community does not facts that the linguistic by Saussure called products and social know the name as well as its use. In addition, agricultural- facts stored in the mind of the speaker. Parole is a speech related lexicon batar 'corn' known name, but no longer exist in produced by the speakers. Parole can only be understood the environmental community. This is caused by a prolonged through assessment against the langue. Furthermore, one part drought and deforestation for land, planted corn seedlings of the uniqueness of a society can be observed from language derived from one type of seed corn, instead of the various forms of the language and behavior of speakers.The models types of corn. So it is gradually declined in different types of of configuration of lingual form that is uttered and the meaning maize. It can cause the extinction of corn seed to another. One brought by the configuration of lingual form that reflect the of the solutions is to increase agricultural output of batar 'corn values and norms of sociocultural aspect that develops among ', namely by introducing the program RPM or Revolution of the speech community. Sapir (1949:162) stated that the world agriculture in Malaka. The impact is quite significant because of the reality of a society was built on the language habits of corn yields increased to 99 percent (LOOKING EAST TIMOR, their language.Thus, each language community is looking at Wednesday, 20 August 2018). Based on the results of the the world of reality in its own way so parole speech-speech obtained data, the research on location also reflects the Tetun produced by the speakers and be heard by the said partners is Fehan said, there are various types of agricultural lexicon of included with the term performance of Chomsky which is batar ' corn ' that are known to be used in rituals in the local different from a language to another. Mbete (2009) revealed ceremony, the planting, harvesting corn, the corn harvest, old that language is not limited as a tool of communication. and young during the peak of the ritual that is hasae and Language contains a vision of culture: record, maintain, and hamis batar fohon. The lingual forms of lexicon natural bequeath the collective concepts, values, philosophical, environment especially lexicon batar 'corn' for the traditional historical, and ecological and socioculture of a society. ritual as well as lexicon on other domains morphologically Language is a symbol and a cultural element that is inherent in generally intangible basic word. The basic form is a unit, both human life. In the socio-cultural component of language, is a single and complex shape that is the base for larger units. that there are real and directly also can distinguish one ethnic The basic form (batar) is a form that forms the basis of a community with other ethnic communities. As a social reality, morphological process, which means that it can be given a language is a phenomenon used by speakers ' communities to certain affix in the process of affixation that can be repeated in communicate and interact within the context of the situation the process of reduplication, or it can be combined with other and cultural context in a given environment. In the perspective morpheme in the process of forming compound. The basic of ecolinguistics, language and native communities are seen form is a single morpheme, but it can also be a composite as a living organism that has a basis in an environment, along morpheme (Katamba, 1993:45). Significant and well-worth with the other organisms. Thus, a language can evolve in studies related to the object of this study are Mbete, et al 1076 IJSTR©2019 www.ijstr.org INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 8, ISSUE 10, OCTOBER 2019 ISSN 2277-8616 (2012) researching "Verbal Treasure as a representation of difference or varies. The form of coding can occur via local knowledge, maintenance function, and environmental Lexicalize, Gramaticalize, Textualize, and Culturalize. The preservation of Waijewa and Kodi languages, Southwest coding differences can be seen at the wealth level lexicon, Sumba.As the language of the environment in the grammatically, text, and culture (Al-Gayoni) Forum socioecological environment rich in meaning and ecolinguistic Indonesia, blogspot.com). The ecolinguistic representation of cultivated biodiversity. Another study expert Haugen (1972:326) describes the natural environment examining lexicon of national treasury as part of his research of a language as a community user of that language, and was Koroh (2017) researching language and the due-an language is in the brain of its narrative that only serves to culture at Sabu-Raijua speakers in an ecolinguistic connect the speakers with its neighbor, and with the perspective.The similarities between Koroh research and environment of the social and natural environments. The researchers are both discussing the language and culture with meaning of the environment in question includes the mind of an ecolinguistic approach according to Bang & Door. In the people referring to the world or region where it exists and addition, the implementation of three dimensions as stated by is used. Haugen (1972:325, in Fill and Muhlhuasler, 2007:57) Lindo and Bundgaard (2000:11) is an ideological dimension, states that ecology can be distinguished psychologically and sociological dimensions, and biological dimensions. The sociologically. Psychologically, ecology is an ecological difference is that Koroh speaks of the language and culture of interaction with other languages in the minds of bilingual and Sabu-Raijua speakers. Ecolinguistics is an interdisciplinary multilingual speakers, whereas sociological ecology is an language, and is both ecological and linguistic (Mbete 2008:1). ecological interaction with the community that serves as a This discipline examines the reciprocal relationship between communication medium. The ecology of a language is found the language and the human/social environment and the by people who learn it, use it, and pass it on to others.