THE FUTURE OF THE AEROSPACE INDUSTRY

14-18 November 2021 www.dubaiairshow.aero DWC, Dubai Airshow Site @dubaiairshow Editorial 3 National Service and Online Learning

The recently launched University Study Project for the National Service Re- cruits by the National and Reserve Service Authority in cooperation with the Ministry of Education is a qualitative initiative aimed at optimal investment of the period of national service in providing a modern educational path for recruits. This takes place in light of the successful digital education experience being implemented efficiently by the Government since the Coronavirus. This ini- By: tiative also confirms that since its launch in 2014, the national service project does Staff Colonel / not only seek to inject new blood in the Armed Forces, and train and prepare the Yousef Juma Al Haddad nation’s youth to defend their homeland, but also to prepare the national human Editor in Chief capital and invest in its potential to be a real addition to the national workforce. [email protected] This project, which allows all 12th grade students graduating from the academic year 2020/2021, who will join the 16th and subsequent batches, to study universi- The announcement ty courses via distance education, embodies the keenness of the wise leadership to actively make use of the national service period, allowing students to take ad- by the National and vantage of the capabilities offered by the Armed Forces in completing their uni- Reserve Service versity studies. With its positive impact on the personality of students and the vari- ous skills and values of responsibility instilled in them, the national service period Authority of the is a preparation period for them, as it motivates them to continue learning and develop their skills later on. online university At the same time, the university study project for national service recruits keeps pace with global developments that view military institutions from an integrated education project perspective. It takes into account the specialised technical, educational, and lead- for its personnel ership aspects, and considers the values of learning, innovation and development as part the criteria for evaluating the Armed Forces and their role in community coincides with the service. This explains the keenness of the armed forces in developed countries to provide quality education opportunities for all of their personnel. Therefore, the year in which the National and Reserve Service Authority’s permission for its recruits to enrol in uni- UAE celebrates versity education coincides with the new roles of the military in the modern era, which include integrated educational and learning tasks, and seek to impart posi- its milestone tive values to young people. The announcement by the National and Reserve Service Authority of the online Golden Jubilee university education project for its personnel coincides with the year in which the and prepares to UAE celebrates its milestone Golden Jubilee and prepares to launch a new stage in its development journey to the next 50 years. launch a new stage The UAE has adopted an ambitious strategy that relies on its youth who are armed with knowledge and positive values. In essence, this project reflects the Armed Forc- in its development es’ forward-looking thinking that keeps pace with the future, and a commitment to national responsibility to be at the forefront of the institutions that participate in the journey to the next achievement of the UAE’s future aspirations as they were during the past five de- 50 years. cades. The Armed Forces have not only been a force that defends the nation and preserves its various capabilities but have also contributed an active and major role in enhancing its development and qualifying national cadres to work in various fields of national work. They are now cooperating through this project with higher education institutions to develop and prepare the national human resources to en- gage in the UAE’s development journey for the next 50 years. Issued By UAE Armed Forces. Established In August 1971.

A Specialised Journal on Military & Strategic Affairs - 49 th Year - Issue No. 591 APRIL 2021

Economic Cooperation between UAE and Israel: A Qualitative Approach to Peace and Development Diplomacy Dubai Airshow 2021 Lockheed, Northrop to Launch VISTA Win US$7.6 b. Missile Defence Deal

Digital Technology Nexter Provides Breakthrough Appoints New CEO in Training

AIRBUS, FUJITSU & THALES UK JOIN FORCES Dubai Airshow 591 2021 to Launch General Supervisor Chairman of the Administrative Council VISTA Staff Major General\ Salem Saeed Ghafan Al Jaberi 06 Vice Chairman of the Administrative Council Staff Brigadier General\ Ghanem Ali Al Ali Editor in Chief Staff Colonel \ Yousef Juma AL Haddad Collins Sees Big Editorial Manger Lieutenant-Colonel \ Jamil Khamis Al Scope in MENA Saadi Editorial Secretary Region after Husain Al Mannaee Layout & Design MS-110 Pod Deal Moza Al Ali Ahmed Mahmmoud Advertisement 20 Ismael Mohammed Alblooshi Nada Al Shateri Sakha Pramod

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ATLAS’ Economic RMS Keeps Cooperation Navies Connected between 36 the UAE and Israel 54

68 74 How to Effectively Outlaw Arquus Chemical Weapons? Launches Scarabee 6 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Events Dubai Airshow 2021 to Launch VISTA

Interview

Dubai Airshow 2021 recently introduced its new dedicat- sub-events in partnership with Gothams, a leading accelera- ed startup event, VISTA, which will offer a platform for in- tor that is helping to build the next generation of aerospace novators, creators and market disruptors to display the and defence startups. Entrepreneurs can take part in pitch latest technologies and play a part in accelerating the fu- competitions where they will be able to present their tech- ture of the aerospace and defence industries. nologies to industry leaders and investors with the chance of The co-located event will connect startups with venture capital- winning prizes. They will have the opportunity to get involved ists who are looking for disruptive new entrants. The event will in mentorship programmes, workshops, and high-level net- be attended by national leaders, CEOs, investors, developers, working, learn about market trends and receive guidance technology disruptors, operators, and other key experts. Suc- from experts, key decision makers, and global investors. A re- cessful entrepreneurs from established global startups will also cent study has shown that startups that have helpful mentors be present to inspire and guide aspiring startups. and learn from thought leaders have almost four times better During the five-day programme, VISTA will feature a number of user growth and raise seven times more capital. 7

Despite the prevalent capital-spending curb due to the pan- demic, investments by global venture capitalists continued to increase. According to a Magnitt report, Saudi Arabia’s venture capital funding increased by 55 per cent in 2020 reaching US$152 million. Saudi Arabia continued its work to increase venture capital funding in 2021, in support of emerging startups. Saudi Arabia’s Sanabil Investments re- cently partnered with the early-stage venture fund, 500 Startups, to support startups in the region. 100 startups are expected to receive US$100,000 to accelerate their growth in the region, as a result of this partnership. Moreover, in the UAE, The Abu Dhabi Investment Office (ADIO) has partnered with Microsoft and Plug and Play on a range of initiatives to support technology startups in the region. Commenting on his startup’s participation in VISTA, co- founder of SARsat Arabia, Ahmed Alzurabi, said: “We are de- lighted to be taking part in Dubai Airshow 2021 and have the VISTA will connect startups opportunity to display our technologies to the wider indus- try. We look forward to receiving high-level guidance from with venture capitalists who significant mentors in the field, to support us in achieving are looking for disruptive our goal of using cutting-edge Earth Observation satellite technologies to help improve life on Earth.” new entrants While Mohamed Shawky, the Founder and CEO of Geo- Drones Aerial Services startup in Dubai, added: “Our startup aims to provide superior quality drone commercial services as we see a great potential in drone technologies. We have a wide range of innovative ideas that are key for achieving a Saudi Arabia’s venture capital major transformation in the aerospace industry and we look forward to presenting these innovations to key experts in the funding increased by 55 per field.” cent in 2020 reaching US$152 Revolutionary Innovations Several startups that launched in the last few years brought million revolutionary innovations to the aerospace industry. One ex- ample is Heart Aerospace, which will deliver the first ES-19 electric airliner certified for commercial flight by 2026. Heart Aerospace’s mission is to create the fastest, least expensive, in and accelerates up to 20 startups a year. The programme and most sustainable mode of regional travel. Another ex- targets startups creating sustainability solutions applicable ample is Exodus Space Corp, a startup that aims to transform to the UK’s aerospace industry, offering a £100k equity in- access to space through creating reusable AI-operated vestment. Intellegens, a startup that aims to use AI to acceler- spaceplanes that can take off and land horizontally. ate innovation in advanced materials, chemicals, and drug The aerospace industry has undergone an enormous trans- discovery, was one of the startups selected for the ATI Boeing formation and development, making it one of the most lu- Accelerator. crative industries within the startup ecosystem. In 2019, in- VISTA will include startups from 12 different sectors, includ- vestments in aerospace startups reached nearly US$1 billion. ing AI, Future Mobility, Software, Space, Aerospace, Material Moreover, in Q3 of 2020, the global aerospace company and Science, Cyber Security, Defence, Tourism, Robotics, Drones, late-stage venture capital SpaceX invested US$1.9 billion in and Sustainability. The startup hub will provide entrepre- Space Technology startups, supporting the digital transfor- neurs with an opportunity to connect with investors, part- mation of the aerospace industry. ners, and mentors to launch, scale and grow their startups, One of the prominent startup accelerator in the aerospace and bolster the growth of the aerospace and defence indus- industry is ATI Boeing Accelerator programme, which invests tries in the region. 8 ISSUE 591 April 2021 News Australia’s Loyal Wingman to Advance Uncrewed Teaming

Boeing Australia and the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) The agreement will increase the aircraft’s production capa- successfully completed the first test flight of the Loyal Wing- bility to six aircraft for RAAF and is valued at $115 million over man uncrewed aircraft in March. three years. The flight of the first military aircraft to be designed and The contract will support the maturation of the aircraft de- manufactured in Australia in more than 50 years flew under sign, evolution of current and future payloads, and create the the supervision of a Boeing test pilot monitoring the air- sustainment system for the aircraft in operations. It will also craft from a ground control station at the WoomeraInterview Range advance Airpower Teaming System advanced concepts Complex. through digital testing and demonstration. Following a series of taxi tests validating ground handling, navigation and control, and pilot interface, the aircraft com- pleted take-off under its own power before flying a pre-de- termined route at different speeds and altitudes to verify flight functionality and demonstrate the performance of the Airpower Teaming System design. Australian government has announced to co-develop a fur- ther three Loyal Wingman aircraft to advance the air-team- ing vehicle, payloads and associated support and training capabilities.

MBDA Wins Contract for New Albatros NG System

MBDA has been awarded the first contract for Albatros NG, a brand new CAMM-ER based air defence system. The order, from an undisclosed international customer, marks a further validation of the appeal of the CAMM air defence family and paves the way for further acquisitions by the same customer and other Navies. Albatros NG is a new generation Naval Based Air Defence (NBAD) system, based on the CAMM-ER, which is the extended range variant of the Common Anti-air Modular Missile (CAMM) family, delivered to customers around the world for both ground based and na- val air defence. Under the terms of this recent order, Albatros NG will be in service in 2024. Albatros NG, deriving its name from the legacy Albatros systems which have been in service with the Italian Navy and several export customers for years, is suitable for different kinds of vessels providing air defence capability for platforms ranging from patrol vessels and corvettes to destroyers. It also allows a complementary layer for larger vessels such as frigates and destroyers already equipped with a long-range air defence system. Its Command & Control (C2) is designed to enable flexible integration with both new and existing naval Combat Management Systems (CMS). 9

Saab to Deliver Carl-Gustaf M4 Trainers to Sweden

Saab has received an order from Swe- Carl-Gustaf M4 GC IDT replicates den for deliveries of the Carl-Gustaf the operations and characteris- M4 Ground Combat Indoor Trainer tics of the real weapons and am- (GC IDT). The order value is approxi- munition, their ballistics and ter- mately 135 MSEK and deliveries will minal effects. By that we are able take place in 2022-2023. The order is to provide the crew with re- placed within a framework agree- quired skills as well as engage- ment, which allows Swedish Defence ment techniques training com- Material Administration (FMV), to- bined with training using the gether with the Estonian and Latvian real systems,” says Åsa Theg- Armed Forces, to place orders for ström, head of Saab’s business Carl-Gustaf M4 weapons, training sys- unit Training & Simulation. tems and associated equipment dur- The order comprises complete ing a 10-year period. Saab’s GC IDT training studios which enables provides the user with replica weapons, a virtual environ- simultaneous training of up to 100 soldiers. The order also ment and a sophisticated evaluation for realistic and accu- comprises conversion kits enabling quick conversion from a rate training. studio deployment to stand alone individual trainers with “By utilising our innovative thinking and technology, the small footprint.

U.S. Air Force F-15s to Receive a Digital Upgrade

BAE Systems has received a US$58 million contract from The all-digital EPAWSS enables pilots to monitor, jam, and Boeing to start Low Rate Initial Production (LRIP) of the F-15 deceive threats in contested airspace. The system combines Eagle Passive Active Warning and Survivability System (EP- multispectral sensors and countermeasures, industry-lead- AWSS) for the U.S. Air Force. The electronic warfare (EW) and ing signal processing, microelectronics, and intelligent algo- countermeasures system provides advanced electromag- rithms to deliver fully integrated radar warning, situational netic capabilities that protect pilots and help them main- awareness, geolocation, and self-protection capabilities. tain air superiority during their toughest missions. The successful completion of a series of rigorous flight tests, “The start of EPAWSS production marks a critical milestone ground tests, and intensive technology demonstrations led and is a testament to the dedica- to the U.S. Air Force decision to tion and commitment of our indus- proceed with LRIP. During the try team,” said Jerry Wohletz, vice programme’s Engineering and president and general manager of Manufacturing Development Electronic Combat Solutions at phase, BAE Systems is delivering BAE Systems. “Our technology is incremental updates to the EP- cutting-edge, our factories are AWSS flight software with new world-class, and our people are geolocation and threat identifica- innovative and mission-focused.” tion capabilities. 10 ISSUE 591 April 2021 News First F-35A For Denmark Takes Flight

Recently, L-001, Denmark’s first ment to the out- F-35 Lightning II production air- standing abilities of craft, flew its inaugural flight. Den- our dedicated and mark is the fifth European NATO highly trained joint nation to fly and operate an F-35, industry and gov- strengthening NATO’s 5th genera- ernment team,” said tion airpower foundation. The Bill Brotherton, act- country is joining four other Euro- Interview ing F-35 vice presi- pean nations who already operate dent and general the F-35 – the United Kingdom, the manager. Netherlands, Norway and Italy. L-001 is scheduled to Like the F-16 before it, the F-35 is be delivered to the spearheading NATO’s air power and ensuring strategic in- Royal Danish Air Force in April and will be tegration of allied combat airpower. The vital interoperabil- flown to Luke Air Force Base, Arizona, later this year for pilot ity of the 5th Generation F-35 binds 13 allies and partners and maintainer training. F-35s will arrive in Denmark in 2023 with the U.S. in air dominance and enabling critical joint and be based at Royal Danish Air Force’s Fighter Wing Skryd- capabilities. strup where it will safeguard the skies over Denmark and its “Achieving the first flight of Denmark’s first F-35 is a testa- NATO allies.

Gulfstream Awarded US$696 M for U.S. Air Force Support

Gulfstream Aerospace Corp., a wholly owned subsidiary of Leda Chong, Gulfstream’s senior vice president for Govern- General Dynamics, announced that it has been awarded ment Programs and Sales, said: “What started as an engi- US$696 million in contracts from the U.S. Air Force Life Cycle neering services contract for nine C-20 U.S. Air Force aircraft Management Center for engineering services support and 20 years ago has evolved into a support contract for a 23-air- contractor logistics for C-20 and C-37 aircraft. craft fleet.” The Engineering Service Contract (ESC) represents a US$612 Gulfstream will perform the work in Savannah, Georgia; Joint million, 10-year renewal of a prior ESC. The contractor logis- Base Andrews, Maryland; Ronald Reagan Washington Na- tics support (CLS) award for US$84 million exercises Option tional Airport, Washington, D.C.; Hickam Air Force Base and Year Four of an existing CLS contract, bringing its cumulative Marine Corps Base, Hawaii; and Ramstein Air Base, Germany. face value to US$594 million. With the ESC contract, Gulfstream provides dedicated re- sources supporting C-20G, C-37A and C-37B aircraft for the U.S. Air Force, Army and Navy. Gulfstream’s government pro- gramme and special mission’s office provides engineering services, aircraft modifications, configuration management, data delivery and publication management. Gulfstream Customer Support provides field services and technical op- erations support. 11 Pratt & Whitney’s PW800 Engine Achieves New Milestone

Pratt & Whitney Canada, a business unit of Pratt & Whitney, a technologies in every aspect, from advanced design to inno- division of Raytheon Technologies Corp., recently an- vative maintenance functionality. For passengers, the en- nounced that its award-winning PW800 engine has achieved gine is designed to provide an unmatched experience with a new milestone with the first flight of the Falcon 6X business an exceptionally quiet and comfortable cabin jet, powered by PW812D engines, from Dassault’s as- making it the quietest engine in its class. sembly centre in Bordeaux-Mérignac, France. The engine has shown noteworthy “The PW812D engine for the Dassault Falcon performance during testing – 6X features the latest innovations and tech- with 3,000 hours of engine test- nologies,” said Maria Della Posta, president ing, including more than 300 of Pratt & Whitney Canada. hours on the flight test bed The PW800 is a modern, efficient and en- and 19,000 hours on the vironmentally responsible engine in its core. With the total PW800 class. Using sustainable and high-perfor- engine family, more than mance technologies, the engine offers 32,000 hours of testing has double-digit improvements in fuel burn, been conducted, including emissions, maintenance times and noise. The close to 25,000 hours of flight engine also incorporates the latest generation of testing.

Collins Aerospace to Support CH-47F Fleet for Netherlands

Collins Aerospace, a unit of Raytheon Technologies Corp., for Collins Aerospace. “As the original equipment manufac- was awarded a multi-year Performance Based Logistics avi- turer for the CH-47F avionics suite, we provide an un- onics support contract to the Royal Netherlands Air Force’s matched level of expertise to help ensure fleets are ready (RNLAF) fleet of 15 CH-47F Chinook helicopters. The com- at a moment’s notice.” pany will provide field service engineering, programme Collins Aerospace has over 20 years of PBL contracting ex- management, logistics service and repair and overhaul for pertise with a 100 per cent program renewal rate. This the Common Avionics Architecture System (CAAS) compo- proven track record has shown that PBLs improve reliabili- nents installed on the aircraft at the Gilze-Rijen Air Base, in ty and performance by integrating all facets of a compre- the Netherlands. hensive logistics chain. With PBL and predictive supply and demand manage- ment, the RNLAF is able to reduce the number of spares needed, eliminate back-orders and cuts out any unneces- sary paperwork. This reduces turnaround time, increases parts availability and saves time and money. “We have a long, successful history of supporting customer PBLs, delivering the highest level of in-country service that optimises mission readiness,” said Craig Bries, vice presi- dent and general manager, Avionics Service and Support 12 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Reports DND and GD-OTS Team to Present RGW

Series toInterview U.S. Market

RGW 60 is the system of choice when it comes to lightweight shoulder- launched firepower

Dynamit Nobel Defence (DND) and General Dynamics major presence after more than one year of cancelled or Ordnance and Tactical Systems (OTS) recently an- shifted exhibitions. The DND team showcased its proven Re- nounced a teaming agreement in which both companies coilless Grenade Weapon (RGW) series of shoulder-fired mu- will collaborate to present the RGW series to the U.S. DoD nitions as well as explosive reactive armour (ERA) solutions. market. The new partnership will be centred around the The company’s booth operated under a strict and safe hy- 60mm (RGW60) and the 90mm (RGW90) variants. This gienic concept and was highly frequented by visitors from all new teaming will make General Dynamics-OTS, DND’s over the world who took great interest in the products high- premier partner when it comes to potentially establish- lighted. ing a U.S. supply chain of the company’s shoulder- DND’s RGW 60 – Family is the warfighter’s system of choice launched weapons portfolio. when it comes to lightweight shoulder-launched firepower. “We at Dynamit Nobel Defence couldn’t be more excited Surgically precise and intuitive to use, RGW 60 products are about this opportunity to partner with General Dynamics- the go-to individual assault ammunitions for light forces OTS in the field of cutting-edge shoulder-launched muni- when engaging opponents swiftly and at close quarters. All tions. By combining both companies’ collective expertise RGW 60 variants share the same design concept as the RGW and by working together as a team, we will make sure that 90 series of weapons. The company has optimised every the proven RGW series can be brought to the warfighter by a component according to the latest technology standards, strong and reliable U.S. supply chain,” said Michael Humbek, which makes each and every RGW 60 munition a highly valu- CEO of DND. able assault asset. The RGW – 60 family includes RGW60 HEAT “We look forward to leveraging our tactical air munitions ex- RGW60 HEAT-MP, RGW60 HESH and RGW60 ASM. pertise with DND’s 60 years of experience in the develop- Complete Toolbox ment and production of shoulder-launched weapons for an- The company’s RGW 90 – Family is the infantryman’s ultimate ti-armour and multipurpose missions,” said Eric Ellis, Vice set of instruments for winning in a complex battlefield. It is a President and General Manager of Precision Systems at Gen- complete toolbox of shoulder-launched infantry weapon eral Dynamics-OTS. systems giving dismounted forces the edge over any oppo- DND Puts the Spotlight on RGW Series nent – in all operational scenarios and climatic environments. DND’s attendance at IDEX 2021 marked the company’s first The munitions vary in their mission purpose and target spec- 13

trum but share the same design concept and common key fea- tures. All of these features make the RGW90 – Family ready for any mission. The RGW 90 – Family includes RGW90 HH, RGW90 HH-T, RGW90 LRMP, RGW90 ASM, RGW90 Illum and RGW90 Smoke. Setting a New Benchmark The upcoming RGW 110 – Family will extend the product range of RGW systems to the 110mm caliber. RGW 110 variants will feature some of the most lethal and effective warheads designed in the field of shoulder-fired infantry weapons. As a direct successor of the company’s well-known Panzerfaust 3, all the variants will set a benchmark in defeating current and next generation main battle tanks. The Panzerfaust 3 is one of the highest-performing hand- held anti-tank weapon available for infantry forces. It is a recoilless, shoulder launched anti-tank weapon carried and operated by only one soldier. The powerful tandem shaped charge warhead will penetrate modern main battle tanks, heavy armoured vehicles and structures. This month, DND will be seen exhibiting its state-of-the-art prod- ucts at the Future Forces Exhibition from April 28 to 30. The exhibi- tion is a highly recognised international event in defence & securi- ty field organised biennially in Prague.

RGW series – a technologically advanced and unrivaled shoulder-fired weapons RGW concept. Featuring a variety of recoilless, shoulder-fired, single-soldier operated, single-use weapons for anti-tank, SERIES anti-structure and multipurpose uses.

RGW munitions are available in 60mm, 90mm and 110mm variants.

Recoilless system Easy handling Fully disposable weapons Fire from confined space NEXT High accuracy GENERATION Maintenance free Full training support OF SHOULDER-FIRED Growing user community

www.dn-defence.com | [email protected]

Nation_Shield_210x148.indd 1 12.03.2021 09:14:41 14 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Reports

Lockheed, Northrop Win US$7.6 b. Missile Defence Deal Interview NGI is designed to protect U.S. from ICBMs

Northrop Grumman Corporation and Lockheed Martin, proud the MDA entrusted Lockheed Martin to lead the de- with its partner Aerojet Rocketdyne, have won contracts velopment of this game-changing system that will greatly from the Missile Defense Agency (MDA) estimated around improve our nation’s security for decades to come. We have US$7.6 billion to deliver America’s most advanced missile been working towards supporting never-fail missions such defence system, the Next Generation Interceptor (NGI). as NGI for decades, and our team has the expertise and The NGI is a programme designed to protect and defend the shared vision required to deliver on the MDA’s need to U.S. from intercontinental ballistic missiles. evolve GMD.” This programme will serve as a first line of a layered missile de- Sustainable and Reliable fence architecture against evolving threats from rogue na- Lockheed Martin leveraged its US$580-million investment tions and is a national priority for the MDA and U.S. Northern in multi-object kill vehicle technology, hit-to-kill experience Command. on Terminal High Altitude Area Defence (THAAD) and de- It is expected that the first interceptor will be fielded ahead of cades providing strategic systems to the U.S. Navy Trident the nation’s need. programme. According to Lockheed Martin officials, the US$3.7 billion con- The NGI system design provides significant enhancement tract for the Next Generation Interceptor is the first step in the from the onset with the ability to respond to multiple threats development and demonstration phase delivering on MDA’s with a single interceptor. requirements to modernise the current Ground-based Mid- This major advance, coupled with a refreshed approach to course Defense (GMD) system. design for maintainability and reliability, provide the opera- The NGI is specifically designed to meet environmental sur- tional availability the warfighter requires. Cost improve- vivability needs and to enable the warfighter to outpace ad- ments and affordability enabled by digital engineering are versary threats for homeland defence. The contract will develop the interceptor all-up-round, which includes both the booster and hit-to-kill payload and will launch from the current Ground-Based Interceptor (GBI) silo Lockheed has assembled infrastructure in Fort Greely, Alaska and Vandenberg AFB, California. a competent team for Sarah Reeves, vice president of Next Generation Interceptor programme Program at Lockheed Martin, stated: “We are excited and 15

Northrop deal is for the development and flight test of interceptor

NGI is specifically designed to meet environmental survivability needs at the core of Lockheed Martin’s attacks. There is a critical timeline design. for fielding this capability and Lockheed Martin has assembled our team brings together the the most complete and compe- industry’s top missile defence tent team to deliver on this na- talent, agile design and manu- tional priority programme. This facturing practices, and state- national team includes Aerojet of-the-art operational factories Rocketdyne, Honeywell, Charles to support the MDA and our na- Stark Draper Laboratory, Raytheon, tion’s defence against these evolving Northrop Grumman, Valley Tech Sys- threats.” tems, Systima, Vigor Industrial, Wind River NGI Silo The Northrop Grumman and Raytheon Systems, and Green Hills Software, as well as key Missiles & Defense team brings decades of expe- contributions from IERUS, i3, H2L Solutions, Geocent, Fifth rience in all aspects of missile defence, along with the latest Gate, and nLogic. in Agile processes, artificial intelligence and model-based Northrop’s Interceptor systems engineering to offer an affordable, low-risk solution The contract with Northrop Grumman is for the rapid devel- to help ensure mission success. opment and flight test of an interceptor designed to defend “We are bringing together next-generation technologies— the nation against the most complex long-range threats. digital engineering and game-changing discrimination—for Northrop has strategically teamed with Raytheon Missiles & an extremely advanced capability,” informed Bryan Rosselli, Defense, a business of Raytheon Technologies, to bring to- vice president of Strategic Missile Defense at Raytheon Mis- gether the vast experience of the two companies on one siles & Defense. “This team is building on unmatched experi- team, to deliver an effective solution for MDA on an acceler- ence, accounting for all 47 prior U.S. exo-atmospheric inter- ated schedule. cepts. With that knowledge, we are also embracing innova- Northrop Grumman and Raytheon Missiles & Defense cur- tive ways to accelerate operational deployment while reduc- rently provide the interceptor booster, kill vehicle, ground ing risk.” systems, fire control and engagement coordination for the The contract, including flight test options, has a period of country’s GMD system. performance through 2029. Scott Lehr, vice president and general manager, launch and The companies’ NGI programme team will be headquartered missile defence, Northrop Grumman, said: “We are honoured in Huntsville, Alabama, with major operations in Chandler to be selected by the MDA as prime contractor to develop and Tucson, Arizona; and Magna, Utah, with an industry the NGI system to protect our nation from advanced missile team located across the nation. 16 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Reports Indian Navy Inducts 3rd Scorpene Submarine INS Karanj

INS Karanj, the third of the P75 Kalvari-class submarine completely built by Indian shipyard Mazagon Dock Ship- builders Limited (MDL) based on the French Scorpene design, was commissioned in Mumbai on March 10. Former Chief of Naval Staff Admiral V S Shekhawat,Interview PVSM, AVSM, VrC (Retd.) was the chief guest at the ceremony, which was held in the presence of Chief of Naval Staff Admiral Karambir Singh, FOC-in-C (West) VAdm R Hari Kumar, CWP&A VAdm Sandeep Naithani, CMD MDL VAdm Narayan Prasad (Retd.) and other dignitaries. The event marked the success of indigenous submarines construction programme of the Government of India. This submarine has been completely built by MDL with limited external support, taking advantage of the successful tech- nology transfer from Naval Group during the construction and trials of the first two boats. The current order book of This series of six submarines have been fitted with a num- ber of equipment, built in India by qualified and highly US$7.2 billion makes MDL one trained industrial Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises of the most loaded shipyards in (MSMEs) which form the sound base of submarine building ecosystem of India. the world The Scorpene is a 2000 tonne conventional-propulsion sub- marine designed and developed by Naval Group for all types of mission, such as surface vessel warfare, anti-submarine MDL Effort warfare, long-range strikes, special operations or intelligence MDL, aptly called “Ship Builder to the Nation”, is one of India’s gathering. leading defence public sector undertaking shipyards under Extremely stealthy and fast, it has a level of operating auto- the Ministry of Defence. MDL has been playing a pivotal role mation that allows a limited number of crew, which reduces in equipping the Indian Navy with the fiercest warships. its operating costs significantly. Its combat edge is highlight- Four P17A Stealth Frigates, four P15B Destroyers and P75 ed by the fact that it has six weapon launching tubes, 18 Scorpene Class submarines for the Ministry of Defence are weapons (torpedoes, missiles, mines). currently under construction at MDL. With a legacy of build- Pierre-Eric Pommellet, CEO & Chairman of Naval Group, elabo- ing a total of 796 vessels including 25 frontline warships and rated: “Naval Group is proud to be part of first of its kind P75 four submarines since 1960, MDL is India’s only shipyard to Kalvari programme to deliver entirely ‘Made in India’ subma- have built Destroyers and Conventional submarines for the rines to the Indian Navy. This programme is a major element of Indian Navy. the strategic autonomy enjoyed by the Indo-French partner- The main activities of MDL are construction of warships and ship and strategic autonomy, developed over the last decades. submarines. MDL has the capability to build warships, sub- The commissioning of INS Karanj, amidst COVID-19 challeng- marines, merchant ships up to 40,000 DWT since 1979. MDL es, represents one of its kind industrial milestones and illus- had also delivered cargo ships, passenger ships, supply ves- trates the Aatmanirbharta (self-reliance) of Indian Navy and sels, multipurpose support vessel, water tankers, tugs, naval defence industry. I look forward to establishing greater dredgers, fishing trawlers, barges & border outposts for vari- and more meaningful partnerships with Indian industry.” ous customers in India as well as abroad. 17 German Army Opts for Further MELLS Guided Missiles Diehl Defence recently received an order of more than Spike LR is capable of engaging both ground targets, such as 600 additional guided missiles of the type MELLS (light- tanks, hardened command posts or targets behind cover, as weight, multi-role guided missile system) for Germany’s well as helicopters. The LR version is equipped with a fibre- Bundeswehr Infantry. optic data link for transmitting image data to the operator The high-performance effectors for precise engagement of allowing correction of the flight trajectory or mission abort. armoured ground and infrastructure targets are scheduled The new generation of the Spike, the ICLU, is already being to be delivered to EuroSpike GmbH in 2024, a joint venture used as an operational weapon system. Future introduction between Diehl, Rheinmetall and Rafael and in charge of pro- and use of the new generation of LR 2 guided missiles, which gramme management and marketing in Europe. have a range of 5.5 km, is expected to create various Diehl Defence produces the MELLS guidance and control as- tactical and operational possibilities. semblies in Germany, including the high-resolution dual- mode seeker head as well as the warhead and carries out the final integration. The missiles delivered from its integration centre located in the Saarland, are not only used with a por- table command and launch unit in dismounted opera- tion but also as armament of the armoured infantry combat vehicles Marder and Puma as well as of the Bundeswehr gun carrier Wiesel. During operation, soldiers benefit from a sophisticated seeker technology and the spe- cial warhead architecture of the light, compact effector. The free choice between daylight and night vision mode offers a reliable and stable target tracking even in case of changing visibility conditions. Until the year 2024, the total volume of MELLS offers stable target the missile procured by the purchasing authority will increase to more than 4,600 items, thanks to tracking even in case of changing the latest order. It is part of a basic agreement on the pro- visibility conditions curement of missiles over the next 10 years. The MELLS system, is based on the Spike missile family of Is- rael’s Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. The weapon sys- tem is largely manufactured by Diehl and Rheinmetall with subcontractors in Europe. MELLS is based on the Spike The German Army currently uses the Spike LR, which has a missile family of Israel’s Rafael range of 4km, as the guided missile for the MELLS system. 18 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Reports Digital Technology Provides Breakthrough in Training

Interview

The use of data analytics can shape the training programme

As the digital revolution rolls out, terms such as big data, of student proficiency and feedback from the instructor to predictive analytics, cloud computing, artificial intelli- student so that their progress can be monitored. The use of gence (AI), and virtual/augmented reality (AR/VR) are be- data analytics is a powerful tool in this process and can shape coming increasingly prevalent. the training programme, now enabling a focus on individual But far from being ‘buzzwords’, they represent key technolo- instruction. gy areas that are the driving force behind the development “The time students spend with the instructors is time when of powerful systems that are reducing costs, enhancing secu- the instructors can assess their performance – their strengths rity and safety, and optimising the delivery of results across and weaknesses – and provide feedback on a human-to-hu- many sectors, particularly when it comes to military training man basis,” said Philippe Perey, Head of Technology for CAE’s and learning. Defence and Security business unit. “What we’ve now devel- As a leading training systems integrator with a history of pio- oped is the ability to capture data from a range of training neering new technologies, CAE understands that these new devices and analyse it to get a very clear view of how that stu- technologies are the bedrock upon which advances in train- dent is performing.” ing can be built. The company is at the forefront of harness- Applying AI to that data then facilitates the creation of more ing their power to deliver enhanced training services. personalised training. One of the cornerstones of any training is the measurement “We can understand more about the learner,” added Kevin 19

Graham, CAE’s Director of Artificial Intelligence Strategy. “Are they a visual learner or are they an audio learner? We can tai- lor the training content to their learning styles, versus look- ing at it as a monolithic approach.” Immersive Training Another area where CAE has been a pioneer is the applica- tion of AR/VR technology to enhance immersive training. The core of the company’s traditional business has been high-fi- delity flight simulators for pilot training. While they offer a fully immersive learning environment and the best example of a “digital twin” of the aircraft being simulated, they are an expensive asset for customers. “You can’t have hundreds of these available for all students to train in parallel,” explained Perey. However, by using AR/VR technology, many of the functions of the larger training devices can be replicated on much less expensive systems that can be used on an individual basis by students, removing the limits in the amount of time they can train in an immersive training device. AR/VR is also being applied to a range of solutions, including CAE’s Trax Academy pilot training solution, as well as a rear- CAE’s Trax Academy pilot training solution crew training system known as the Mission Augmented Vir- tual Reality/Rear Crew (MAVRC) trainer. AI can play its part by automatically condensing data down to a point of insight, which can then be flagged to the stu- dent. This brings with it the ability to install a ‘virtual coach’ AI can automatically condense within the virtual environment, as if a human instructor is sit- ting over the student’s shoulder to provide warnings and data down to a point of corrective instructions. insight Beyond individual training, CAE is also harnessing new tech- nology to enhance team training in a realistic synthetic tacti- cal environment. “We’ve honed that environment over many years now, but one of the challenges that we constantly face is how do you bring scale?” asked Perey. “Computing horsepower has al- puting capability, and scale it up to millions of entities to cre- ways been a constraint. Now you can now take cloud com- ate a very realistic engagement.” AI also flags area of concern or obstacles that need to be ad- dressed for better training or to achieve the desired out- comes. Moreover, the large-scale synthetic environment can be used to undertake mission rehearsals and for role-playing exercises. Ultimately, this leads to better decision-making for real-world operations across both military and government sectors. Thanks to these technological breakthroughs, CAE is now able to provide many of the solutions that it has been work- ing towards for a number of years. As company learning spe- cialist Regan Legassie concluded: “That’s the advantage of the technology we have right now; we finally have the op- portunity to do a lot of the stuff we’ve always wanted to do. Technology has finally caught up with a lot of the theory.” 20 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Reports

Interview Collins Sees Big Scope in MENA Region after MS-110 Pod Deal

Collins Aerospace Systems, a unit of Raytheon Technolo- gies Corp., has won an Indefinite Delivery/Indefinite Quantity (IDIQ) contract modification by the U.S. Air Force for its newest Fast-Jet reconnaissance pod, the MS-110 MS-110 sensor’s multi- Multispectral Airborne Reconnaissance system. spectral tech boosts intel The newer version of MS-110 is a major advancement in Air- borne Reconnaissance capability and provides facilities that capabilities are unmatched by targeting pods or sensors internally fitted inside the aircraft body. Following the agreement, Collins Aerospace sees a very t
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F-16 as well as business jet class multi-intelligence aircraft Kits can convert Dual-Band, such as Bombardier’s Global Express and the P-3 Maritime Pa- DB-110 sensors to multi- trol Aircraft. Collins Aerospace offers a SEEK EAGLE certified pod for F-16 spectral variants and other fast-jet applications. With an integrated DB-110 sensor, this pod offers advantages over competing systems by relying on dual-environmental conditioning systems, to provide robust ground cooling and operations over a wide range of altitudes. The full-size fore and aft data-link antennae enable maximum data-link range throughout a full 360° azimuth. Enhancement will include Collins has demonstrated a lightweight pod version of the wide-area coverage in high system on the General Atomics MQ-9 where the stand-off range capability of the sensor would help reduce the threat resolution presented by advanced, longer range surface to air weapons. The smaller, lighter weight pod is designed for long-endur- ance unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) operations. Housing the same DB-110 reconnaissance system, this pod provides stand-off and vertical imaging capabilities and air-to-ground communication over constrained bandwidth systems. As a full ‘end-to-end’ system, an MS-110 programme includes nation of spatial and spectral resolution modalities provides sophisticated mission planning computers as well the com- customers with an exponential increase in intelligence gath- pany’s SCI-Toolset suite of ground station exploitation soft- ering capabilities against challenging targets.” ware. A new ‘on-demand’ data link has also been added The MS-110 is the follow-on to the widely deployed DB-110 which multiplies the system’s utility for indications and warn- system. It offers a multi-band, true-colour capability that ing missions during periods of escalating tensions or actual considerably increases the intelligence value of the collected combat operations. imagery with features that include ability to identify camou- flage and increased spatial resolution. The system provides the ability to image over 40,000 Square Miles per hour during both day and nighttime. Kevin Raftery added: “With our large regional installed base and the IDIQ based update option, our current customers will be able to retain their existing support infrastruc- ture and manage a time-phased in-country up- grade programme so as to avoid any interruption in this important national defence capability.” The DB-110 system has the largest worldwide installed base of any long range reconnaissance pod with 18 custom- F-16 with DB-110 ers who have purchased 89 pods. GCC Connection Collins’ position is particularly robust in the Middle East/North Africa (MENA) area with the DB-110 ei- ther on order or in service with 11 regional nations to include five of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Air Forces. The current operational platform installations of Collins’ DB and MS-110 systems are primarily on U.S. manufactured fast jets to include F-15 and 22 ISSUE 591 April 2021 xxxxxxxReports Fincantieri Delivers LSS Vulcano to Italian Navy

The Italian Navy has taken possession of the logisticInterview sup- They also have a low environmental impact thanks to a port ship LSS Vulcano delivered by Italian shipbuilder Fin- state-of-the-art auxiliary propulsion system generating a cantieri at a recent ceremony in the Muggiano shipyard. low level of pollution emissions (electric engines). The logistic support ship is part of a renewal plan of the Italian Fincantieri is known as one of the world’s largest shipbuild- Navy’s fleet. ing groups, global Italian leader in cruise ship design, and The multi-year programme for the renewal of the Italian Na- reference player in high-tech shipbuilding industry sectors, vy’s fleet also foresees the construction by Fincantieri of the from naval to offshore vessels. transport and landing unit LHD (Landing Helicopter Dock) The Vulcano project underlies the FLOTLOG (Flotte Logis- “Trieste” – under construction in this same shipyard with deliv- tique) programme, consisting in the construction of four LSS ery in 2022 – as well as seven Multipurpose Offshore Patrol Ships (PPA), which will enter the fleet starting this year. The fundamental characteristic common to all classes of these ships is their high level of innovation providing them with a considerable degree of efficiency and flexibility in serving different mission profiles. In particular, these are dual LSS is part of Italian Navy’s use vessels that can be used for both standard military pur- fleet renewal plan poses and those in favour of the community (as for example for civil protection). 23

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The ship effectively combines capacity to transport and trans- Fincantieri will also build a fer to other transport vessels used for liquids (diesel fuel, jet landing helicopter dock fuel, fresh water) and solids (emergency spare parts, food and ammunitions) and to perform at sea repairs and maintenance work for other vessels. The defence systems are related to the capacity of command and control in tactical scenarios, communications and dissua- destined to the French Navy, by the temporary consortium sive, non-lethal defense systems. The vessel is also capable of between Chantiers de l’Atlantique and Naval Group under embarking more complex defence systems and becoming an the Italian-French LSS Programme led by OCCAR (Organisa- intelligence and electronic war platform. tion for Joint Armament Co-operation). With over 230 years of history and more than 7,000 ships The construction of the forward sections of these ships has built, Fincantieri maintains its know-how, expertise and man- been commissioned to Fincantieri, which last month laid the agement centres in Italy, employing 10,000 workers and cre- keel of the first vessel at its shipyard in Castellammare di Sta- ating around 90,000 jobs, which double worldwide thanks to bia (Naples). a production network of 18 shipyards operating in four conti- The vessel Vulcano is classified by RINA pursuant internation- nents and with over 20,000 employees. al conventions about prevention of pollution regarding the The Group’s clients include the biggest cruise operators, be- more traditional aspects, like the ones of the MARPOL Con- ing exclusive supplier for the Italian Navy and reference part- vention, as well as those not yet mandatory, as the Hong ner for the U.S. Navy, as well as numerous foreign navies. Kong Convention about ship recycling. Fincantieri also plays a key role in some of the main European Vessel’s Characteristics defence companies within supranational programmes. One of the biggest advantages is the incorporation of health- As per the company, the Group’s long-term vision is based on care capabilities. five pillars, at the core of the Research and Innovation pro- The LSS is a vessel that provides logistics support to the fleet, cess. Such pillars are the eco-sustainability and energy effi- endowed with hospital and healthcare facilities thanks to the ciency of ships and vessels (Green Ship); digitisation (Smart presence of a fully equipped hospital, complete with operat- Ship); automation (Autonomous Ship); more efficient, safe ing rooms, radiology and analysis rooms, a dentist’s office and sustainable production processes and structures (Smart and hospital rooms that will be capable of hosting up to 17 Yards); innovative solutions for the Blue Economy (Smart Off- seriously injured patients. shore Infrastructures). 24 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Reports Nexter Appoints New CEO

The Franco-German defence company KNDS (KMW+NEXTER Defense Systems), one of Europe’s lead- ing manufacturer of military land systems, is continuingInterview to move ahead with its integration. A few weeks after its shareholders, French state holding GIAT Industries and German family-owned Wegmann & Co GmbH, restruc- tured the management bodies of KNDS, the group an- nounced the appointment of Nicolas Chamussy as CEO of Nexter, effective April 1, 2021. In accordance with the changes of governance reported in December 2020, he will be a member of the KNDS Executive Committee (ExCom). Nexter Group’s subsidiaries include Nexter Systems, Nexter Robotics, Nexter Munitions, Nexter Training, as well as CTAi, the JV with BAE Systems. A graduate of the École Polytechnique (1987), the École Na- tionale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA) (1992) and of the Institut d’Études Politiques de Paris (1992), Cha- mussy started his career at the French Direction Générale de l’Armement (DGA) before joining the office of the French Minister of Defense as manager for industrial affairs and ar- Nicolas Chamussy mament programmes. In 1996, he was responsibile for the energy sector at the Budget Department of the Ministry of the Economy and Finance. He then joined the industry, where he held senior management positions at European The alliance between KMW Aeronautic Defence and Space Company (EADS), in the and Nexter enhances both space (Astrium) and defence (Cassidian) business units. He was Chief of Staff to the CEO of Airbus from 2012 to 2016, groups’ competitiveness before becoming Director of Space Systems within the Air- bus Defense and Space division and member of the Execu- tive Committee of Airbus Defense and Space. Since June the KNDS Board of Directors, Philippe Petitcolin, took up his 2019, he has been the space advisor of Airbus. duty. The reorganisation of KNDS management structure is Chaired by Frank Haun, the KNDS ExCom is in charge of the now complete. management of the company at holding level. The commit- The strategic alliance between KMW and Nexter enhances tee’s operational positions are held by top executives from its both groups’ competitiveness and international positions, as two subsidiaries Nexter and KMW, while the functions of well as their ability to meet the needs of their respective na- Chief Integration Officer and Group Secretary have been tional army. In addition, it offers to its European and NATO taken over by Dutch executives. customers the opportunity of increased standardisation and The KNDS Executive Committee had its kick-off meeting on interoperability for their defence equipment, with a depend- March 1. On the same day, the newly appointed Chairman of able industrial base. 25

PrecISR Radar can Find a ‘Needle in a Haystack’

HENSOLDT’s new airborne multi-mission surveillance ra- Sensor of Choice dar, PrecISR, recently successfully passed the Factory Ac- The PrecISR airborne multi-mission surveillance radars in- ceptance Test. In an online demonstration, the PrecISR crease the surveillance capabilities and mission efficiency of 1000 proved its capabilities to the customer, QinetiQ any special mission aircraft by collecting large amounts of GmbH, Möchengladbach/Germany. A year ago, HENSOL- data. This data is used to detect and classify the relevant DT was awarded a contract to deliver one PrecISR 1000 to threats faster and efficiently, thus reducing the workload of QinetiQ for installation in a radome underneath a Pilatus the aircraft crew and users on the ground. Thanks to its soft- PC-12 modified to a special mission aircraft without sig- ware-defined radar modes and electronic beam steering, nificant modifications at the air frame. The radar data are PrecISR can perform several different tasks at the same time. controlled and displayed by a HENSOLDT EuroNav7 mis- The radar has been designed for all types of airborne surveil- sion system, which is already in operation. lance missions in 24/7 operation and in all weather condi- PrecISR translates latest achievements in active array and digi- tions to ensure safety and security and to detect convention- tal receiver technology into a scalable high-performance sen- al and asymmetric threats on the ground, at sea and in the sor, which can be installed aboard helicopters, UAVs and fixed- air. Its state-of-the-art sensor with gallium nitride AESA an- wing mission aircraft. Due to its software-defined radar tenna and two-dimensional e-scan capability enables preci- modes and electronic beam steering, the radar can fulfil dif- sion in target detection. This makes it the sensor of choice for ferent tasks virtually at the same time. It is able to detect, track monitoring large sea and coastal areas to combat piracy, il- and classify thousands of objects and thus find the ‘needle in a licit trafficking or intrusion. haystack’. Because of its compact design and the fact that all PrecISR translates the latest achievements in AESA technolo- parts are located outside of the airframe, the airborne plat- gy into a low SWaP (Size, Weight and Power) high-perfor- form integration of PrecISR is simplified significantly com- mance and scalable radar. It tackles the challenges of intelli- pared to other radars. Options include mounting the system gence, surveillance, and reconnaissance missions such as underneath the fuselage bottom or installing multiple fixed human and drug trafficking, piracy, illegal fishing, oil dump- arrays. ing, terrorism, smuggling or environmental threats.

PrecISR offers precision and simple aircraft integration

HENSOLDT’s PrecISR seen on a test aircraft 26 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Reports NASAMS, a System That Never Sleeps

When Erica Hellandsjo first worked on the National Ad- vanced Surface-to-Air Missile System mission, known as NASAMS, she knew exactly what she wanted to do after the military. Now she works with NASAMS on the civilian side, supporting air defence coverage of the United States National Capital Region, or NCR. The NASAMS programme has been provid- ing 24/7 air defence to the NCR since 2005, and its critical mission has been extended another four years. “After my first rotation on mission, I knew I wanted to do something with NASAMS full-time,” Hellandsjo said. “It be- came my dream job to work with Raytheon (Technologies) and made it my mission to absorb all things NASAMS. My knowledge of the mission and the system from an operator’s perspective truly helps me tie everything together.” Hellandsjo is one of the seven field service representatives who actively support the mission for Raytheon Technologies. “As an operator, you carry out the mission and push the but- tons, but never have to get into the nitty-gritty parts of the NASAMS is fielded by 11 system; but as a contractor, I now get to load the missiles, conduct tests, fix and improve equipment and train sol- countries with various diers,” said Hellandsjo, a senior field engineer for the NA- configurations SAMS programme. The field service representatives work in cooperation with the U.S. Army and U.S. Air Force’s Joint Air Defense Operation Center, called JADOC. NASAMS is a tailorable, state-of-the- art air defense system. It can identify and engage such threats as enemy aircraft and cruise missiles. NASAMS programme has Raytheon Missiles & Defense, one of the four businesses that been providing 24/7 air make up Raytheon Technologies, recently won a contract award for another four years for the NASAMS NCR pro- defence to the NCR since gramme with the U.S. Army. U.S. National Guard soldiers oversee this system that never sleeps. 2005 Hellandsjo is also an assistant operations sergeant in the South Carolina Army National Guard. She serves as a senior Early Warning System operator in Air Defense Command. “The JADOC is where the magic happens,” said Brian Heath, “Basically, Sentinel Radars and Command and Control are my NASAMS multinational programme manager. “The area it thing,” she said. protects 24/7 covers a significant radius around the White Hellandsjo twice mobilised in the NCR in support of Opera- House in the National Capital Region.” tion Noble Eagle; the first time was six years ago as a NASAMS Devoted to the Mission launcher crew member. In 2017, she served as a NASAMS tac- Through strong enterprise collaboration, the Raytheon Mis- tical control assistant in the JADOC. siles & Defense team has helped to protect the past four pres- 27

NASAMS can identify and engage threats such as enemy aircraft and cruise missiles

idential inaugurations and all annual State of the Union ad- tions. In addition to the U.S., Norway, Finland, Spain, The dresses. The JADOC is staffed around the clock at Joint Base Netherlands, Oman, Lithuania, Indonesia, Australia, Qatar Anacostia-Bolling by Air Force and Army National Guard per- and one undisclosed country have chosen to depend on NA- sonnel, who watch for potentially dangerous aircraft. SAMS for defence of their homelands and critical assets. The “The vastness of the knowledge and experience possessed system configuration may include Raytheon Technologies’ by everyone on this team is mind-blowing,” Hellandsjo said. AMRAAM, AMRAAM-ER and AIM-9X missiles and Sentinel ra- The business has trained hundreds of soldiers on the NA- dar, and Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace AS’ Fire Distribu- SAMS system. It maintains a team of dedicated field service tion Center, canister launcher and high mobility launcher. representatives located at the NCR, along with multi-disci- plined engineers in various locations. “They are literally a mile wide and a mile deep,” Hellandsjo said. “We troubleshoot, repair and replace components, deal with logistics, interface with the customer, move big missiles, drive forklifts, drive big trucks, operate cranes, work with electricity, do all the ‘it’ things.” “They’re looking at different threats coming across the 360-degree-capable radar coverage area,” said James Norm- ington, director of Medium Range Air Defense programmes at Raytheon Missiles and Defense. “They track airplanes or objects and identify friend or foe, and if something shows up, they can track it immediately with advanced technologies as it’s coming in to determine if it is a threat and how to deal with it.” NASAMS is fielded by 11 countries with various configura- The system configuration may include Raytheon Technologies’ AMRAAM, AMRAAM-ER and AIM-9X missiles and Sentinel radar 28 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Reports EDGE and IAI Ink Strategic Agreement

EDGE, the UAE’s advanced technology group for defence and beyond, recently signed a memorandum of under- standing (MoU) with Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) - Is- rael’s major aerospace and aviation manufacturer,Interview to de- velop an advanced C-UAS (Counter-Unmanned Aircraft System) Solution tailored to the UAE market. The agree- ment will provide wide ranging benefits for the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region and beyond. Through leveraging IAI’s proven C-UAS solutions that are ap- plied around the world to detect, identify, classify, and inter- cept a broad range of threats, EDGE, a young and disruptive company that launched a series of Electronic Warfare solu- tions at a rapid pace, is leveraging its subsidiary, SIGN4L, a leading provider of electronic warfare services and solutions for national security, to collaborate with the Israeli defence manufacturer to build the tailored C-UAS Solution. Comprising advanced 3D radar, COMINT (communications in- EDGE and IAI will work to telligence), and Electro-Optic technologies that are integrat- develop an advanced C-UAS ed into a unified command and control system, the C-UAS is fully autonomous requiring no human intervention. solution A series of countermeasures, ranging from soft-kill solutions such as spoofing and jamming, to hard-kill capabilities such as lasers and electromagnetic pulses, are offered based on the level of threat and targeted operating environment. Both SIGN4L and IAI will leverage their technical capabilities to jointly develop the system in response to specific customer needs. 29

Further support will be the Stockholm Interna- available via IAI’s partner- tional Peace Research In- ship with Belgium Ad- stitute (SIPRI), a think tank vanced Technology Sys- that specialises in data tems, Belgium, which has a analysis of military expen- local technical and market- diture and arms trade ing presence in the region. among other peace and Faisal Al Bannai, CEO and security related matters. Managing Director, EDGE, Headquartered in Abu said: “In line with the recent Dhabi, EDGE is dedicated Abraham Accords and the to bringing innovative UAE’s newly established co- technologies and services operation and spirit of col- to the market. Consolidat- laboration with Israel, EDGE ing over 25 entities and and IAI are joining forces to The C-UAS will comprise of employing 13,000 brilliant deal with this growing threat. detection and identification minds, EDGE offers exper- As EDGE invests extensively in tise across five core clus- autonomous capabilities, our systems, soft kill solutions and ters: Platforms and Sys- co-development of a Counter- tems; Missiles & Weapons; UAS in partnership with Israel hard kill capability Cyber Defence; Electronic Aerospace Industries will help Warfare & Intelligence; and strengthen our advanced Mission Support. technology portfolio and SIGN4L, on its part, devel- partnerships in the region and ops, acquires and supplies internationally.” lifecycle support for de- Boaz Levy, President and CEO of IAI, added: “IAI is proud to fence and security forces in three main areas of focus: inte- join forces with EDGE, to provide the UAE and the wider re- grated electronic warfare; aircraft electronic survival sys- gion with an advanced solution in what is a key area of ex- tems; and intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition and pertise for IAI. We believe that this collaboration will help reconnaissance (ISTAR) sensors for battle-space aware- both companies through the transfer of knowledge and ness. sharing of capabilities. This MoU serves as a stepping-stone In another development, HALCON, which is a part of the for further business and strategic alliances between our Missiles & Weapons cluster within EDGE, recently unveiled countries, and will enhance cooperation for R&D and tech- SkyKnight - the first UAE designed and manufactured nological innovation.” counter-rocket, artillery, and mortar (C-RAM) missile sys- EDGE, an advanced technology group for defence, was tem, at the International Defence and Exhibition Confer- ranked among the top 25 military suppliers in the world by ence (IDEX) 2021. EDGE has been developing a short-range air defence sys- tem, as has Germany-based Rheinmetall AG, which was actively seeking a missile system to form part of its Skynex air defence system. The companies decided to jointly offer a solution, with HALCON providing SkyKnight, the missile system to the highly regarded Oerlikon Skynex Air Defence System, which sets new standards with its unique open architecture. Also in February, EDGE launched its first family of multiro- tor loitering munitions, the QX range. In addition, Shadow 50 and Shadow 25, Rash 2 gliding munition kit, as well as new variants of the RW24 range – all designed and manu- factured in the company’s first year of operations – were unveiled on the first day of IDEX 2021. 30 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Reports Leonardo Leads the Way in Maritime Surveillance Solutions

Leonardo’s aircraft and sensors are being integrated to sors and the on-board presence of specialised operators, an support a variety of maritime surveillance missions unmanned aircraft does not have to consider the issue of around the world. For instance, the ATR patrol aircraft fit- crew fatigue, so it has a much greater mission autonomy and ted with Leonardo sensors and the ATOS mission man- can patrol a vast area for hours and hours on end. In both cas- agement system and the Falco family of Unmanned Air es, the ground Command and Control Centre can count on Vehicles, are working together to secure the Mediterra- valuable information collected in the field and sent from the nean Sea. surveillance platforms in real time. This scenario, repeated at A maritime surveillance aircraft flying over the Strait of Sicily, is regular intervals in the skies over the Strait of Sicily, is also a looking for clues of suspicious activity 200 miles from the clear example of Leonardo’s unique ability to offer complete coast. The aircraft has just begun its surveillance mission solutions covering all aspects of surveillance: from unmanned when it, in line with guidelines, is directed to return to base to to piloted flight, including sensors and all accessory services allow the crew and console operators to rest. It requires hours permitting execution of the mission. of further surveillance to collect evidence of unlawful activity Given the complexity of modern customers’ requirements, at sea, so the crew requests the assistance of a Falco EVO un- Leonardo is able to deliver a solution that best fits with each manned aircraft capable of conducting missions up to18 hours, with a complete maritime surveillance suite and a sat- ellite connection. Falco documents every From an altitude of 3,000 feet, the Falco can maintain a dis- tance of six or seven kilometres from its target. Thanks to its detail of what goes on at sea high performance electro-optical system and a 43-decibel sonic signature, the unmanned aircraft remains practically in- without being detected visible to the smugglers. In the hours that follow, the remote- controlled aircraft will collect evidence of illegal activity, doc- umenting every detail of what goes on at sea without allow- ing its presence to be detected. This is only one example of the possible synergies between manned aircraft and remote-controlled systems: the interop- erability of the two categories and their complementary op- erational features permits improved efficiency for the most complex surveillance missions. While on one hand a big, manned patrol craft such as the Guardia di Finanza’s ATR monitoring Italy’s coastline can move three times faster than an unmanned aircraft, unmanned craft have three to four times more persistence pursuing their tar- get. After all, while an ATR can count on a bigger range of sen- Falco Xplorer –Ground Control Station 31

Falco Xplorer customers’ need. The ISR system can be sold as it is, or Leon- big and heavy as they had been designed for large, manned ardo can set up a full service, providing the buyer with ex- platforms. Leonardo solved the problem in-house, minia- ploited information, ready to support the decision makers. turising the sensors by reducing their weight, dimensions The company can also deliver a wide range of service solu- and power consumption keeping performance constant, or tion, from the dry lease to the pay-for-information, where even improving it. One example is the company’s Gabbiano Leonardo is in charge of any operational aspect from the radar system, the weight of which was reduced to less than maintenance to the data exploitation. half that of the 100 kg standard version. Tailored Solutions From this development circle, these miniaturised sensors de- In addition to the options described above, there is a great veloped for Unmanned Air Vehicles have found an applica- variety of customer specific solutions, tailored on any specif- tion in another market segment: light manned surveillance ic operational need. Leonardo is not only an original equip- craft. Leonardo has signed agreements with a number of ment manufacturer (OEM) but also a partner of choice to light aircraft manufacturers, coming up with small, economi- implement the most complex ISR solutions based on inter- cal maritime surveillance solutions. nal or third parties’ platforms. The company can deliver com- pletely self-developed solutions as well as fully equipped Unmanned aircraft have special missions’ aircraft based on commercial green aircraft integrated with any kind of sensors or mission suites on a three to four times more one-stop-shop model. Having know-how in every sector also offers additional ben- persistence pursuing their efits: when unmanned aircraft first began to play a role in target maritime surveillance, the sensors, especially radar, were too

The Falco can maintain a distance of six or seven kilometres from its target 32 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Reports Israel Unveils ‘Iron Sting’ Precision Mortar

InterviewInterviei w The 120 mm mortar has undergone final trials

The Israeli Army and contractor Elbit Systems have un- Head of Research and Development in the Directorate of veiled a networked precision fire system Iron Sting – a Defence Research and Development (DDR&D), Brig. Gen. Ya- mortar munition that employs laser and GPS to engage niv Rotem, revealed: “Ten years of research and develop- targets accurately and prevent collateral damage. ment have led us to this moment when we can provide the The 120 mm mortar has already undergone final trials at a IDF’s ground forces with advanced capabilities made for the testing site in southern Israel. The completion of testing en- modern battlefield. This mortar munition provides troops ables the start of serial production ahead of the system’s sup- with a precise firing capability that has only been imple- ply to the Israel Defence Forces (IDF). mented in missiles and air munition thus far. This is a com- The series of tests was carried out using two networked car- plex programme and a groundbreaking system on the inter- dom mortar systems that were developed by Elbit Systems: a national level.” “cardom” system, mounted on an M113 APC and a “cardom Head of the Weapons Department in the IDF’s Ground Forc- spear” system, mounted on a Hummer 4X4 SUV. es, Col. Arik Avivi added: “The Ground Forces command is The Iron Sting is designed to engage targets precisely, in leading the process of integrating the Iron Sting into the IDF. both open terrains and urban environments, while prevent- This munition is groundbreaking for IDF battalions, equip- ing injury to non-combatants. Its operational use will revolu- ping them with accurate and organic firepower. This capa- tionise ground warfare and equip battalions with organic, bility has so far been reserved to large and complex missiles. accurate and effective firepower. Thanks to this impressive technological development, it will Israeli Defence Minister, Benny Gantz stated: “The technolo- now be implemented in mortar munitions on a wide scale.” gy made available to the IDF by Israeli industries changes the In the words of General Manager of Elbit Systems Land Di- battlefield and provides our forces with more accurate and vision, Yehuda (Udi) Vered: “The introduction of this muni- effective means. The integration of Iron Sting in the IDF cor- tion transforms the mortar system from a statistical fire responds to the vision presented in the military’s “Tnufa” power into a precision fire system, thus delivering a signifi- multi-year plan. It fulfills the IDF’s needs, adapting combat cant change in fire capabilities at the tactical level. We be- capabilities to contend with enemies hidden within civilian, lieve that we have been able to develop an efficient solu- urban environments, while meeting the legal and moral tion that enables to increase precision and reduce collater- standards set by the State of Israel.” al damage”. 33 Unveiling 120 SHARD, New-gen Anti-tank Ammunition

Nexter Munitions recently demonstrated its capability for innovation by presenting the 120 SHARD ammuni- tion, a high-performance product available at short notice. SHARD, the new generation of APFSDS (Armor-Piercing Fin Stabilized Discarding Sabot) 120mm anti-tank ammunition, is compatible with all current and future battle tanks equipped with NATO standard 120mm smoothbore guns. The interoperability of SHARD with the armaments and envi- ronments of the Leclerc tank, the Leopard 2, the Abrams M1A1/A2 and the C1 Ariete is ensured through development in compliance with STANAG 4385 and ICD 120. SHARD is compatible with Recent test firings carried out in extreme temperature condi- tions and at long range have confirmed the performance ex- NATO 120mm smoothbore pected in simulation: this ammunition sets a new perfor- mance standard, with increased penetration capacity com- guns bined with accuracy. In 2021, the latest architectural optimi- sations will be completed, before entering an industrial qualification phase in 2022 and will be ready for the start of SHARD will be ready for mass mass production then. production from the end of This high level of performance is permitted thanks to an inno- vative design, defined by Nexter Munitions’ technical teams at 2022 Bourges. SHARD achieves this level of terminal ballistic perfor- mance thanks to an optimised sabot, an elongated rod in a new tungsten alloy developed with Plansee Tungsten Alloys, nition for NATO 120mm smoothbore tank guns, compatible as well as a combustible cartridge case and a high-perfor- with the KNDS Leclerc, Leopard 2 and other modern tanks mance, low-erosion propellant developed by EURENCO. such as the M1A1/A2 Abrams and C1 Ariete. SHARD is the result of Nexter Munitions’ expertise in the de- The combination of the operationally proven 120mm high velopment of high-performance ammunition, R&T work on explosive round with the current (F1B, F1B+) and future innovative materials and on external ballistics carried out on (SHARD) generation APFSDS projectile allows to cover the the historical basis of work for the French Defence Procure- full range of contemporary battlefield threats. Nexter’s ment Agency (DGA), as well as the implementation of an ag- range also includes exercise ammunition, HEAT-TP, HE-TP & ile development process. The validation and qualification of TPFSDS. innovative technological building blocks in the SHARD pro- Nexter also continues to innovate through the 120 IM3M gramme is also one of the milestones in the development of multimode insensitive ammunition and the 120 N-LOS pre- high-performance munitions for future land combat sys- cision guided ammunition, elements of which are taken tems, especially the Main Ground Combat System (MGCS). from KATANA, as well as R&T work on new technological Covering Full Range of Threats breakthrough bricks concerning resistance to active and re- Nexter has a complete range of warfare and exercise ammu- active protection systems. 34 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Reports

Airbus, Fujitsu & Thales UK Join Forces

Airbus, Fujitsu and Thales UK recently announced that the companies have signed a memorandum of under- standing (MOU) to work collaboratively on the upcom- ing Systems Integrator (SI) opportunity for the UK Minis- try of Defence (MOD), Land Environment Tactical Com- munications and Information Systems programme – known as LE TacCIS. Following the MOU, the partners have formed team ICELUS led by Airbus that will bring together a trusted collective of MOD strategic partners who have a unique breadth of exper- tise of defence communications networks. ICELUS will offer ICELUS will deliver pioneering change through a coherent systems integration approach to deliver operational effectiveness and informa- operational effectiveness tion advantage to the end user, whilst sustaining a UK centric, defence industrial base. The three partners will be able to and information advantage jointly explore how their respective unique expertise and so- to end user lutions can be combined in order to put forward the best-pos- 35

sible proposals with regard to capabilities and competitive- ness for this major programme. ICELUS will focus on the upcoming LE TacCIS System Integra- tor (SI) opportunity to lead on the design and integration of the products and services for applications, infrastructures and networks. It is expected to be contracted by 2023/2024. Making Informed Decisions The LE TacCIS programme consists of multiple sub-pro- Diagram of LE TacCIS principles and vision grammes and projects with the aim to deliver the next gen- statement. MOD Crown copyright. eration of tactical military communications in the land envi- ronment, providing the means to make informed and timely decisions enabled by agile Communication Information Sys- Sub-Programmes: Designed to be Resilient tems (CIS). MORPHEUS The LE TacCIS consists of Bowman ComBAT Infrastructure It is the first installation of Defence as a Platform (DaaP) in and Platform (BCIP) 5.6, the MORPHEUS sub-programme, the the tactical environment. By evolving the current Bowman TRINITY sub-programme, Joint Common Remote Viewing system into the next generation of tactical communica- Terminal (JCRVT), Dismounted Soldier Awareness (DSA), Fal- tions, MORPHEUS enables evolutionary capability develop- con, NIOBE and multiple delivery and support projects. ment. The following are the principles of LE TacCIS: BCIP 5.6: This represents the capability upgrade of the Agile Methodology: LE TacCIS will implement a fully Agile Bowman system, and the launch-pad for MORPHEUS. With Enabled Governance Framework within an Agile Manage- major updates to software and hardware, BCIP 5.6 provides ment Office ensuring the programme is ready to accommo- better data transmission, improved situational awareness date the increased tempo of changing requirements and ag- and enhanced usability and staff planning tools. ile delivery methodologies. JCRVT: It is a modular, remote viewing transceiver which Evolutionary Capability Delivery (ECD): The continuous receives and transmits Real Time Motion Imagery (RTMI) need to address obsolescence and exploit rapidly develop- from future and legacy Full Motion Video (FMV) platforms in ing technology in the CIS arena requires the adoption of an the joint environment. JCRVT increases situational aware- Evolutionary Capability Delivery (ECD) approach. This will ness in maritime, littoral and land environments, with sig- provide a progressive evolution of the system, where each nificant impacts operationally and strategically. change results in a deliberate capability enhancement and/ DSA: This aims to provide Dismounted Close Combat users or other benefits realisation and is a transitional step on a tra- with enhanced voice and data services that will enable jectory towards a goal state. more effective situational awareness at company group Partnership: LE TacCIS consists of Army Headquarters, BAT- level. CIS and key industry partners working as one team to deliver TRINITY the next generation of tactical CIS. LE TacCIS is a collabora- It will provide a deployable Wide Area Network (WAN) with tive, multi-vendor programme working to a joint shared ob- significantly increased bandwidth and information mobili- jective, actively sharing information across organisations us- ty compared to current systems. It will be defence as a plat- ing efficient and coherent information management. form compliant assuring the integrity and availability of the User Centred Design (UCD): UCD is an iterative design pro- data. Finally, it will be part of the Protected Core Network. cess in which designers focus on the users and their needs in Falcon Sustain: Falcon is a hardened, deployable secure each phase of the design process. LE TacCIS will utilise UCD as network communication capability. It is fielded with the a framework that ensures the needs of the users are at the Army and the RAF and primarily supports large, deployed core of the design process. headquarters through to deployed air bases. It is a new sup- port contract to maintain this capability until the capability is replaced by TRINITY and NSoIT(D). The three partners will NIOBE: The user requires platforms, to host a wide variety of deployable CIS capabilities including interchange. It will de- explore how their unique liver these services in a coherent, secure and consumable expertise can be combined manner at the point and time of need of the Land Domain User (Warfighter and Systems). 36 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Reports

ATLAS’Interview RMS Keeps Navies Connected

The COVID-19 pandemic has reduced mobility globally. ATLAS’ RMS keeps However, navies still have to fulfil their missions abroad. Yet if a complex repair problem occurs, the navies’ depot operational availability of level specialists cannot travel any more. In a worst-case scenario, travelling bans and a defect not repairable systems high with onboard expertise could bring the mission to a standstill. Maritime security should be independent of pandemics. Therefore, most navies try to keep up their operational German Navy has been schedules, even though COVID-19 has serious effects, espe- operating ATLAS’ RMS for cially on the land-based support processes. Modern, global tasks make it necessary for the navies to op- years on their K130 corvettes erate in international missions. The durations of these mis- sions are getting longer. Regular maintenance and repair work have to be conducted during these sea trails. It is not board maintainers can talk directly to their depot level main- possible to return to the home base to perform repair activi- tenance experts back home. ties. For these reasons, it is important to have the opportuni- Sustaining Maritime Superiority ty for remote maintenance and repair. This is where ATLAS’ The RMS is a proven solution, designed to empower a spe- Remote Maintenance System (RMS) comes in. It is a proven cialist to diagnose equipment and devices aboard naval and deployed tool for keeping the operational availability of ships and support maintenance activities by remote con- systems high. The task sounds simple but requires an inte- nection (video, voice, serial, Ethernet). With this capability a grated approach. specialist is able to diagnose a system by different connec- The German Navy has been operating ATLAS’ RMS for years tion options (e.g., serial data or Ethernet) without the need on their K130 corvettes. The RMS system allows the experts of travelling. This reduces costs and time of the maintenance. of Marinearsenal Wilhelmshaven to access a defective unit As an option, the RMS supports the forwarding of the con- via an encrypted video-voice-data connection – with mini- nection from the ship to a Mobile External Support Unit mal bandwidth requirements. Linked together by the en- (MESU), for example to ATLAS ELEKTRONIK GmbH, where a crypted and IT-secure connection through SATCom, the on- system specialist assists the maintenance of an ATLAS ELEK- 37

TRONIK GmbH system. The system is just one building block in ATLAS’ integral servic- es and support philosophy, which is highly customer-focused. Other building blocks include user-friendly designs with in- tuitive human-machine interfaces or easy and simple access to documentation, that keeps in-stride with configuration changes. For decades, ATLAS, as a leading systems supplier for naval electronics, has been helping navies around the globe make the sea a safer place. The company has a broad offering of so- nars and sensors, command and control systems for subma- rines and surface combatants, mine countermeasures sys- tems, unmanned underwater vehicles, radio and communi- cations equipment, naval weapons as well as coastal protec- Let data travel, not people – RMS helps to keep system tion. To round off, ATLAS offers comprehensive support ser- availability high vices, both before and after delivery of the products. It is able to equip submarines, ships and systems with its own and ex- companies: Cybicom Atlas Defence (Pty) Ltd. (South Africa), ternal sensors, effectors and subsystems and to integrate Advanced Lithium Systems Europe - Defense Applications them in creating network-centric systems. S.A. (Greece), kta naval systems AS (Norway). The ATLAS Group includes the following subsidiaries: Hage- ATLAS occupies a leading position in all sectors of top mari- nuk Marinekommunikation GmbH (Germany), ATLAS ELEK- time technology, from command-and-control systems in- TRONIK UK Ltd (Great Britain), ATLAS ELEKTRONIK Oy (Fin- cluding radio and communications equipment for subma- land), ATLAS MARIDAN Aps (Denmark), SONARTECH ATLAS rines and surface vessels to mine-hunting systems, heavy- Pty Ltd (Australia), ATLAS Naval Engineering Company Ltd weight torpedoes, coastal protection installations and the (Korea), ATLAS NORTH AMERICA (USA), thyssenkrupp Marine provision of services. The electronics specialist is fully Systems CANADA Ltd., ATLAS ELEKTRONIK INDIA Pvt. Ltd., AT- owned by thyssenkrupp and is an operational unit of thys- LAS ELEKTRONIK LLC (UAE) and the following associated senkrupp Marine Systems.

Concept Maintenance support via remote connection: - Analogue telephone connection - Serial connection for remote maintenance

Ethernet connection: - Video transmission with IP-Cameras - Remote Desktop Connection - Interface for remote maintenance via external equipment

MMU is ruggedized and user-friendly 38 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Reports DEFIANT X Defies All Odds Sikorsky and Boeing’s DEFIANT X is all set to compete for the Future Long-Range Assault Aircraft contract,Interview known as FLRAA, a top modernisation priority for the U.S Army. DEFIANT X will reportedly be the fastest, most manoeu- vrable and survivable assault helicopter in history. Com- bined with the team’s unsurpassed experience in mission systems, training and sustainment, it is being touted as a he- licopter that will revolutionise the way the Army meets threats in 2035 and beyond. The Army is expected to release a request for proposal on FLRAA later this year, with a con- tract award expected in 2022. DEFIANT X flies twice as far DEFIANT X is a complete weapon system that builds on the handling qualities and transformational capabilities proven and fast as the Black Hawk by the team’s technology demonstrator, SB>1 DEFIANT. With unmatched range and survivability, the helicopter will change the way the Army fights – enabling crews to fly low DEFIANT X is set to be the and fast through complex terrain, land quickly, deliver sol- diers and equipment to the objective area (referred to as “the fastest, most manoeuvrable X”) and get out. and survivable assault The helicopter flies twice as far and fast as the venerable Black Hawk helicopter it is designed to replace. Currently undergo- helicopter in history ing testing in a digital combat environment, the aircraft con- tinues to prove itself the most survivable platform for mission requirements, according to a company statement. “We are ready to deliver unparalleled capabilities backed by

DEFIANT X is a complete weapon system 39 proven technologies that will truly transform the Army’s DEFIANT X will enable crews mission today, with room to grow and adapt to the missions of tomorrow,” said Andy Adams, Sikorsky vice president of to fly low and fast through Future Vertical Lift. “DEFIANT X not only includes the trans- formational aircraft – a manoeuvrable, survivable, lethal complex terrain weapon system – it also leverages Sikorsky’s and Boeing’s advanced manufacturing capabilities.” With its rigid coaxial rotor system and pusher propeller, DE- manoeuvrability, will dominate in future Joint All-Domain FIANT X incorporates Sikorsky X2 Technology to operate at Operations (JADO) environments. The technology offers high speeds while maintaining low-speed handling quali- flight control design that will enable deceleration and accel- ties. This critical capability provides soldiers with increased eration that is transformational. manoeuvrability and survivability in high-threat air defence Furthermore, the X2 rotor design will ensure flight stability, environments, allowing them to penetrate enemy defences safety and assurance in rigorous tactical operations. DEFIANT while reducing exposure to enemy fire. Compared to SB>1 X will be equipped with a proven optionally piloted flight DEFIANT, the DEFIANT X airframe has enhancements to im- control system that will enable reliable and safer operations prove aerodynamics and reduce the thermal signature. in low altitude, obstacle-rich environments or in degraded, “DEFIANT X is purpose-built for a modernised Army that re- uncertain conditions. quires expanded reach, survivability and lethality,” said Steve Together, Sikorsky and Boeing have built more than 90 per Parker, vice president and general manager of Boeing Verti- cent of the U.S. Army’s current military rotorcraft and have to- cal Lift. “This weapon system will give soldiers unequalled talled more than 15 million flight hours. The team has pro- technological advantage and connectivity over adversaries duced iconic military rotorcraft including: Black Hawk, Chi- in a multi-domain battle space.” nook and Apache, and are in the best position to deliver in- Transformational Technology teroperability with the enduring fleet. With proven world- With unmatched range and survivability, DEFIANT X will en- wide supply chain partners, DEFIANT X will leverage an estab- able crews to fly low and fast through complex terrain, lished, low-risk manufacturing capability that is augmented where Army aviators spend most of their time. DEFIANT X by a proven digital thread and advanced manufacturing pro- incorporates Sikorsky X2 Technology to operate at high cesses in use today on the Black Hawk, Combat Rescue Heli- speeds while maintaining low-speed handling qualities. This copter and CH-53K. Sikorsky and Boeing’s joint resources and critical capability provides pilots with increased manoeu- experience in JADO capabilities make the DEFIANT X team vrability and survivability in high-threat air defence environ- the best team to deliver a holistic weapons system to the ments, allowing them to penetrate enemy defences while Army. reducing exposure to enemy fire. The helicopter’s com- The digital thread will run seamlessly throughout the DEFI- pound co-axial rotor system and pusher prop allows for a ANT X design, development, production and sustainment high degree of manoeuvrability in and around the objective process. It will be part of a connected logistical network that which is also directly linked to survivability. provides maintenance free operating periods, improves in- X2’s speed, combined with next-generation flight control teroperability and sustainment and lowers overall costs.

With its rigid coaxial rotor system and pusher propeller, DEFIANT X incorporates Sikorsky X2 Technology 40 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Reports MBDA to Supply New Anti-Ship System to Italian Navy

Interview

Teseo Mk2/E will engage sea and land targets at very long range

MBDA has announced that it will provide the Italian Navy Eric Béranger, CEO of MBDA, highlighted: “I want to give a spe- with the new Teseo Evolved Weapon System, known as Tes- cial thanks to the Italian Navy, governmental and all MBDA eo Mk2/E. This new generation system builds on the legacy teams who worked hard, also against all disruptions created by Teseo family, known worldwide as OTOMAT, and will bring the pandemic, to bring this important contract to life. MBDA a substantial improvement in anti-ship capabilities. Group considers Teseo Mk2/E as a major programme and will Teseo Mk2/E will efficiently engage both sea and land targets be fully committed to the successful outcome of this new de- at very long range, with full mission control throughout the velopment. The new Teseo Mk2/E builds on a product line that missile flight. The system will have an innovative integrated is well recognised around the world and will support long into mission planning and a new RF seeker, with options for addi- the future, the attractiveness of our naval products on export tional features and capabilities in the future. markets”. The system is the answer to evolving threats that generate the Lorenzo Mariani, Executive Group Director Sales and Business need to evolve operational requirements. This solution is the Development and Managing Director MBDA Italia, added: “The result of joint MBDA and Italian Navy technical and programme Teseo Mk2/E has been defined and designed thanks to an in- activities over the past three years that matured the concept of tense collaboration between the Italian Navy and MBDA. This this advanced system. new anti-ship missile will mark a step change in the OTOMAT/ The Teseo Mk2/E missile system will equip the next generation Teseo family, keep up with ever evolving threats and feature destroyer (DDX) and could replace the previous Mk2/A version advanced functions to support the Italian Navy operations that onboard FREMM and Horizon class frigates. The new multi- will significantly increase the flexibility and operational value purpose Offshore Patrol Vessels (PPA - Pattugliatori Polivalenti of the Italian Navy surface ships that will be equipped with it. d’Altura), currently in production, are already fit for Teseo This contract will also help sustain high level skills in a domain Mk2/E installation in future. In the anti-ship weapon market, of excellence of the Italian defence industry and will contribute Teseo Mk2/E will represent a new standard with its very high to guarantee the sustainability of our company and its suppli- performance and will be ready to be tailored for international ers, as well as its Italian employment levels in the years to requirements. come.” 41 Boeing to Upgrade EA-18G Growler for

U.S. Navy AllAll U.S. NavyNavy GrowlersGrowlers willwill bbee

Boeing recently announced that it started a five-year modified in five modification programme for the U.S. Navy’s EA-18G Growler fleet with the induction of the first jet at Naval Air years Station Whidbey Island. The modifications are primarily focused on updating the jets’ structural and mission systems architecture and enabling fu- aircraft and platforms as well as improve the speed of data ture capability growth for the Navy’s 160 Growler aircraft. processing. Boeing also will prepare the Growler for the Next Growlers serve a critical role in jamming radar and communi- Generation Jammer, which improves the Growler’s electron- cations signals of threat forces, disabling their ability to detect ic attack capability. and track U.S. and allied military forces. A variant of the F/A- “As the world’s premier electronic attack platform, we’re 18F Super Hornet, the Growler will receive several capabilities starting this programme for the EA-18G Growler in solid part- common with the Block III upgrades. The first production EA- nership with the U.S. Navy,” said Mark Sears, Boeing vice pres- 18G aircraft delivered in 2007 is the first Growler to receive this ident of Fighters & Strike Product Support. “These modifica- capability upgrade. tions will position it to meet the threats of today and those in “We’re excited to have the Growler industry team here work- the future.” ing on capabilities that will bring the fleet enhanced electron- The programme schedule forecasts that all U.S. Navy Growl- ic surveillance, enhanced data link and the ability to carry the ers will be modified in five years. Full rate modification is ex- Next Generation Jammer pod,” said Capt. Chris “Needles” pected to start in June 2021. Boeing has positioned people Bahner, commander, Electronic Attack Wing, U.S. Pacific Fleet. on-site at Whidbey, following state, local, customer and cor- Rapid Transformation porate COVID protocols, to ensure the programme is fully Following contract awards in October 2020 and February staffed to support the workflow. 2021 for materials and labour, the modification work includes Boeing is one of the world’s largest aerospace companies various upgrades for Growler mission systems. The ALQ-218 and a leading provider of commercial airplanes, defence, receiver system of the aircraft will receive the Airborne Elec- space and security systems, and global services. As a top U.S. tronic Attack System Enhancements modification, enabling exporter, the company supports commercial and govern- the Growler to operate in increasingly complex electromag- ment customers in more than 150 countries. Building on a netic environments. legacy of aerospace leadership, Boeing continues to lead in Additional modifications will expand the Growler’s informa- technology and innovation, deliver for its customers and in- tion pipeline for more rapid and secure data transfer to other vest in its people and future growth. 42 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Reports EXPAL Demonstrates Power of Dual-Interview EIMOS Mortar Systems

Spain’s EXPAL recently highlighted its new development without changing the position or orientation of the vehicle, of the on-board Mortar system on Light Vehicle, Dual-EI- and without the deployment of additional elements, allow- MOS, through a demonstration that took place at the ing high shoot & scoot capacity. Retín Training Field in Cádiz. t
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ATIN (DGAM) that has allowed the development of a system tailored to the Navy’s General Staff Requirements, with im- Dual-EIMOS is an 81mm portant improvements in aspects such as its versatility and on-board mortar on highly precision. It is pertinent to note that until now, there has been no on- mobile LTV board mortar system with deep fording capability on the market globally. EXPAL is a leader of the ammunition and explosives sector in The deep fording capacity Spain, as well as one of the main providers of demilitarisation and explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) services worldwide. that Dual-EIMOS acquired, The company’s maintenance services and logistic support offers solutions for the maintenance and modernisation of has been extensively tested platforms and equipment armies in order to optimise and ex- tend their life cycle, both in the systems already in service with successful results and future acquisitions. The capabilities of EXPAL, along with its commitment to co- operation with other leading companies to cover major pro- with the Spanish Ministry of Defence and its armed forces, grammes, are the base that support the provision of EXPAL’s besides leading companies technologically in the sector. The company’s department of R&D is responsible of the de- EXPAL also collaborates in international programmes of R&D sign and development of new products, as well as the im- with official organisations and companies to meet the tech- provement and adequacy of existing ones to meet specific nological developments demanded by the armies across Eu- requirements of the customer. It comes from collaborating ropean programmes of cooperation. 44 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Reports Lurssen’s OPVs Well Equipped to Face Sea Challenges InterviewInterview

Maintaining security in a fast-changing maritime envi- t
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Lürssen’s OPVs are designed to be versatile and flexible to engage in a wide range of missions 45

OPVs help protect critical infrastructure e.g. offshore installations

Multi-role OPVs are ideal for support of naval forces in sea operations

OPV 80 is a First of Class Darussalam model

With generous room in the design for additional weight and Among the miscellaneous facilities are helicopter hangar, he- space, a modular configuration and other important charac- licopter landing deck, towing, stern ramp and 2 container teristics, the OPV is able to meet a range of specific customer spaces. requirements, such as additional weapons or a larger crew. The vessel comes with various capabilities that include: Mari- Lürssen OPVs are multi-mission ships. A mission deck that time patrol and surveillance operations, critical infrastruc- provides flexibility and is carefully laid out forms a funda- ture protection, rapid response, boarding operations, Special mental part of their design. This can host a wide variety of Forces support, confined and shallow water operations, task containerised modules – from pollution control to drone unit command, replenishment at sea, helicopter support, operations. mission deck, and also disaster relief support operations. Various Options OPV 90 Lürssen’s flexible portfolio includes the OPV 80, 85 and 90, OPV90 is a helicopter-capable surface unit of 2,100 tonnes providing solution for long endurance safeguarding and displacement, measuring 90m in length and 14m in width. long-time patrolling. The options can be tailor-made to the Possible armament configurations include: specific requirements. Artillery: 76 mm or 57 mm, plus two 20 mm guns OPV 80 Ship-Ship-missiles: either four MM40 EXOCET, four RBS 15 OPV 80 is a First of Class Darussalam model commissioned in or four Naval Strike Missile. 2011. Air Defence: either Vertical Launch System MK56 or Rolling Measuring 80m in length, with a displacement of 1,486 T, it Airframe Missile. has a crew capacity of 40 (plus 18 embarked). The OPV 90 is designed to complete both military and civilian Helicopter landing deck, helicopter refuelling, towing, sta- missions in EEZ waters ranging from coastal safety and secu- tion for alongside refuelling and 2X20 ft container are among rity to law enforcement and environmental protection. the various facilities if offers. The OPV 90 offers unrivalled performance for fast interven- The OPV 80 model also boasts various capabilities that in- tion with ocean-going capabilities, deployable assets (e.g. clude: Maritime patrol and surveillance operations, critical Unmanned vehicles) and continuous coordination with infrastructure protection, boarding operations, Special Forc- shore-based centres and fleet. es support, confined and shallow water operations, task unit Comprehensive Solution command, replenishment at sea, helicopter support and Lurssen gives the option to either build vessels at one of Lürs- mission deck. sen shipyards or to build locally in the customer’s country, The vessel has a speed capacity of 22 KTS. where Lurssen can transfer both knowledge and technology, OPV 85 helping to develop their partner’s maritime industry. Stretching 85 m in length, with a propulsion power of 6,300 The focus is on delivering high-quality ships that balance a KW, the OPV 85 has a basic crew capacity of 67 (+ 36 em- navy’s operational needs with available budget. barked). Lurssen’s newbuild capabilities are complemented by a The Sensors include 3D search radar, fire control radar and a range of support services – available both for own vessels helicopter guidance radar. and those constructed by other shipyards. 46 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Reports Al Jasoor, EOS Integrate R800 onto

Rabdan IFVInterview

Al Jasoor, the UAE’s armoured vehicle specialist and ex- clusive supplier of the Rabdan 8x8 Infantry Fighting Ve- hicle (IFV), recently announced its collaboration with EOS Defence Systems, a leading Australian technology company operating in the space, defence and satellite communications markets. The partnership, announced during IDEX 2021, marks the first time a vehicle is fitted with the R800, a remote weapon system that offers lighter-weight gimbals, advanced electro- optics applications, transformative stabilisation and multiple weapon mounting options. Al Jasoor’s signature vehicle took centre-stage in highlighting the company’s best-in-class offerings at the EDGE pavilion. AL Jasoor is part of the Platforms & Systems cluster within Rabdan vehicle is mobile EDGE, an advanced technology group for defence that ranks among the top 25 military suppliers in the world. on land and water, with top As the industry registers a global uptick for weapon stations that optimise full-size, medium-calibre turret capabilities speed of 105km/h without the limitations that large, cumbersome and invasive structures may impose, EOS’ R800 remote weapon system meets the increasing demand for sophisticated armaments, while setting new benchmarks for firepower significantly high-frequency road and vehicle vibration from degrading lighter than others in its category. the operator video image. Employing the same interface as other EOS remote weapon The remote weapon system is equipped with various sensors systems, the R800 features modular state-of-the-art capabili- including a day camera, a thermal camera, and an eye safe la- ties and boasts the added capacity to mount the Mk44S ser rangefinder. 30x173 mm cannon with dual ammunition feeds as well as a Built to endure extreme environmental conditions and ter- coaxially mounted machine gun and an anti-tank or air de- rain, with capabilities that allow soldiers to operate and ob- fence artillery missile package. serve from a protected position using stabilised precision day The addition, the Mk44S allows the system to leverage the and night optics and laser, the R800 can engage targets from range and effectiveness of existing 30x173 mm ammunition. distances of up to 3 km with increased accuracy and reduced The R800 weighs 800 kg with a traverse of 360° and an eleva- collateral damage. tion from +55° to -30°. The remote weapon system is opti- Fahad Al Absi, CEO, Al Jasoor, stated: “As a world-leader in re- mised for tracked and wheeled vehicles, such as the Rabdan mote weapon systems, EOS brings to the table decades of ex- 8x8, and features a direct-drive sensor unit that minimises perience in manufacturing precision systems that are versa- 47

tile in addressing the most exacting end-user demands. We are delighted to be the first in this class of vehicles to inte- grate the new generation R800 onto our Rabdan 8x8 fleet. R800 weighs 800 kg with We believe this synergy with EOS will mutually benefit our trusted business partners and stakeholders.” a traverse of 360° and For his part, AbdulRahman AlBlooshi, CEO of EOS Advanced elevation from +55° to -30° Technologies in the UAE said: “EOS is proud to partner with Al Jasoor in bringing to market this enhanced next generation remote weapon system. The R800 is an overall capable sys- tem that upgrades the armament capacity of vehicles with- out compromising payload or requiring the extensive modi- fications of a full turret system.” Rabdan 8x8 Armoured Fighting Vehicle The Rabdan 8x8 Armoured Fighting Vehicle is an advanced, 105mm cannon). It offers Level-4 ballistic and mine protec- mission-ready vehicle system built for a range of objectives tion and is certified to international standards. and terrain styles and available in a number of configura- As a next-generation amphibious vehicle, Rabdan comes tions, with a maximum capacity of 11 frontline troops. with a modular, multi-wheeled structure for both tactical and Highly mobile on land and water, it has a top speed of over technical advantages. Its integrated suite of military-grade 105km/h. support services makes it a complete unit. The independent suspension system enhanced with Run Flat Developed on successful Armed Assault (ARMA) platform Tyres, built-in Central Tyres Inflation System (CTIS) and Anti- and tested to rigorous standards, it caters to the operational locking Brake System (ABS) improves ground mobility and requirements of armed forces across the world. ride comfort even over the roughest terrain. Rabdan’s advanced exterior armour is designed to enable The vehicle’s mobility is enhanced with longitudinal and life-saving protection against blasts, ballistics, and impacts, transverse differential locks and the high power to weight ra- protecting ground troops and advancing mission success. tio coupled with high ground clearance and approach/de- Al Jasoor works relentlessly to meet the nation’s diverse ar- parture angles. moured vehicle requirements, with a vision for manufactur- Rabdan can also be equipped with different armour protec- ing land platforms to address the future needs of the UAE’s tion and high-calibre turret-based weapon systems (up to domestic and export markets.

Rabdan can be equipped with different armour protection and high-calibre turret-based weapon systems 48 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Reports Supersonic Flight Tests of Gripen Kicks off in Brazil Interview

All flights are taking place at high altitude of above 5,000 metres

F-39 Gripen E, the new fighter for the Brazilian Air Force cal authorities and following the procedures of the Brazilian (FAB), recently began performing supersonic flight tests Air Force,” explained Sven Larsson, head of GFTC at Saab. in Brazil. The aircraft, based at the Gripen Test Flight Cen- Flight activities in Brazil includes testing of flight and envi- tre (GFTC) at Embraer’s facilities in Gavião Peixoto (SP), ronmental control systems. It also aims to test the aircraft in has been carrying out the flights over the designated test the tropical climate. National features unique to the Brazilian areas north west of the base. All flights are following au- aircraft, such as weapons integration and the Link BR2 com- thority-defined procedures and are taking place at high munication system, which provides encrypted data and altitude, above 5,000 metres. voice communication for the aircraft, will also be tested in These flights, carried out by Saab, are essential to test perfor- Brazil. mance and functions of the new aircraft, in order to continue Technology Transfer Programme the certification and acceptance procedures of the aircraft, The partnership with Brazil began in 2014, with a contract for which arrived in Brazil in September 2020. the development and production of 36 Gripen E/F aircraft for “Gripen will be performing supersonic flights during the next the Brazilian Air Force, including systems, support and equip- couple of months. Flying faster than the speed of sound cre- ment. An extensive technology transfer programme, running ates a sound wave, a sonic boom, that may sound more like a for a period of 10 years, is driving the development of the local thunderclap than the sound of a passing aircraft. It is possible aeronautical industry through partner companies participat- that residents of the region will hear this sound while this im- ing in the Brazilian Gripen Programme. portant testing of Brazil´s new fighter is being done. We take During this period, more than 350 Brazilian technicians care to ensure that these supersonic flights are taking place and engineers are participating in theoretical and practical in designated test areas, in coordination with the aeronauti- training in Sweden to acquire the necessary knowledge to 49

Gripen’s smart and flexible maintenance and support concept can be tailored

Every Gripen aircraft is able to solve any operational task independently

perform the same tasks in Brazil. So far, more than 230 pro- system design with supportability in focus and inherent from fessionals have completed the training and most of them the very beginning. The result is low maintenance require- are back in Brazil working at the Gripen Design and Devel- ments and extensive testability in any operational or support opment Center (GDDN), also located at Embraer, in Gavião environments. Peixoto. The smart system design enables modular and flexible distri- The GFTC and GDDN are part of the transfer of technology of bution of capabilities allowing rapid deployment of both the Gripen Programme. They are joint activities carried out long and short-term missions with a minimal logistic foot- by Saab and Embraer that aim to build the procedures and print. Smart thinking in every stage of Gripen’s design pro- capability to develop and test new features during Gripen´s cess targeted key cost drivers important for reliability, main- lifetime at FAB. tainability and testability. This is why the Gripen system of- In addition to meeting the military requirements established fers cost efficiency in every single stage of the life cycle. by FAB, Gripen had the lowest lifecycle operating costs. “Grip- Gripen’s smart and flexible maintenance and support con- en was sold with the commitment to transfer technology cept can be tailored to each customer’s specific ambitions, necessary for the development of the Brazilian aerospace in- capabilities and requirements. True multi-role and swing role dustry. The fact that Gripen is a prototype means Brazil can capability makes every Gripen aircraft able to solve any op- be involved in the development of the project, which will erational task independently. Hence, it’s up to the support give the Brazilian industry and FAB access to all levels of tech- concept to enable this capability. Influenced by a number of nology,” said Lieutenant General Juniti Saito, former Brazilian factors such as operational concept, cost effectiveness, secu- Air Force Commander. rity of supply, available facilities and individual customer’s Smart Design aspirations of autonomy, Gripen’s support concept can be la- Gripen’s high availability is ensured by the support friendly belled as true multi-role support. 50 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Reports

Italian ArmyAdds CENTAURO II to its FleetInterview

Recently, the Italian Army Chief of Staff, Lt. Gen. Salva- Centauro II uses an all-digital tore Farina, was welcomed by Claudio Catalano, CEO of IVECO Defence Vehicles, at the Bolzano plant, Italy, architecture and a new where the new Centauro II are currently in production. generation turret These vehicles are going to be part of the cavalry units of the Italian Army. The Director of Land Armaments, Lt. Gen. Paolo Giovannini, was also present. During the visit, the work in progress on the vehicles was discussed and from national security missions, to peacekeeping and sup- the first production vehicle was presented. port operations including all interventions involving the Ital- The Centauro II marks a step forward compared to the previ- ian Armed Forces. ous Centauro I, in terms of firepower, battlefield observation Last year, the Land Armaments Directorate and the Iveco – capability, mobility, shooting conduct, communication as Oto Melara Consortium (CIO), signed a contract for 86 Cen- well as increased crew protection. The new platform uses an tauro II, plus 10 further units in option, in addition to the 10 all-digital architecture and a new generation turret with a already contracted in 2018. 120mm cannon and Command and Control Communication The supply addresses a total need of 150 vehicles to be as- systems, making it one of the most modern vehicles supplied signed to the army cavalry units. Thanks to its state-of-the- to Western armies. The result is an innovative wheeled ar- art technologies, this platform can safely be used by the cav- moured platform capable of operating in every scenario – alry units also in high-risk operations. 51

Key Features The new Centauro armoured vehicle represents a new stage Centauro II is an innovative in the evolution of the storied Centauro 105 and 120mm ar- wheeled armoured platform moured vehicle, reportedly the first 8x8 wheeled antitank vehicle in the world with a high-pressure gun. capable of operating in every The Centauro II vehicle integrates high hardness monocoque steel hull. The forward section of the hull houses the power- scenario pack, while the turret extends from the middle to the rear of the vehicle. The driver is seated in the front section of the ve- In terms of ergonomics, the ammunition reserves in the hull hicle, whereas the crew members, including a commander, are automated, as is the new automatic loading system in the gunner and a loader are seated on anti-mine blast seats with- turret. in the turret section. The third generation 120/45 mm gun (optional 105/52mm With regards to mobility in particular, the power-to-weight interchangeable to 120 mm), with integrated and stabilised ratio, increased to 24 HP/tonne, provides performance in low-recoil muzzle brake, provides the same fire power as terms of speed and acceleration thanks to the new-genera- most modern main battle tanks, with the capability of firing tion IVECO engine, offering more than 720 HP, and to the as- all latest generation 120 mm NATO APFSDS and multi-role sociated modernisation of the transmission, braking system MP munitions. and control electronics. The turret, equipped with new anti-mine seats, has a crew of The digital tyre pressure control (CTIS), allied with run-flat three men, commander, gunner and loader, with the latter systems, the new suspension and the low nominal ground able to use the new automatic loading system, while being pressure allow the new Centauro armoured vehicle to extri- able also to undertake manual loading operations, as back- cate itself from any type of terrain. up, or other emergency operations. As for ballistic armour, protection levels are significantly Optronic equipment includes a panoramic commander’s higher than in the past, with a completely rearranged hull sight and a gunner’s sight, both latest-generation, and a chassis and turret design, add-on ballistics and technical so- back-up sight for use in degraded mode. The vehicle is fully lutions, tested to the AEP 55 standard, capable of handling network-integrated (for NCW). threats such as mines, IEDs and the latest-generation kinetic At recent event, the 8x8 VBM Freccia Digital Tactical Com- munitions. mand Post was also presented. This vehicle is made in two Crew safety has also been further increased, with partition- versions, one for the unit Commander and the other one for ing of stand-by ammunition and stores within the hull, in ad- the unit mobile HQ. These platforms are equipped with the dition to the state-of-the-art NBC, fire-fighting and anti-ex- latest communication equipment that seamlessly integrates plosion systems. into the Army and Joint tactical battle command network. 52 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Reports Elettronica Debuts EMSOpedia

As part of Elettronica’s 70th birthday celebrations, the company has pub- lished one of the world’s first Electro- InterviewInteervviei w magnetic Spectrum Operations Ency- clopaedia’s. Entitled EMSOpedia, the online publication gives clear and comprehensive definitions of the terms and concepts used in EMSO (Electromagnetic Spectrum Opera- tions). The Electromagnetic Spectrum (EMS) is a domain in which, from which and through which all military, military-sup- ported and asymmetric missions are performed. Alongside air, land, sea and space, the electromagnetic spectrum has become a key enabler for cyber war- fare and space activities. Mastery of the spectrum to achieve spectrum superior- ity is intrinsic to prevailing in all domains, including cyberspace. Therefore, war- fare in the 21st century and beyond will see the electromagnetic spectrum as a contested and congested resource where silent battles will be performed. The civilian and military worlds are in- creasingly converging in the electromagnetic spectrum. The global economy is dependent on the spectrum in more ways than one can imagine. Meanwhile, electronics miniaturisation is giving people a growing number of devices which can ac- cess and exploit the spectrum. Thus, the electromagnetic spectrum is a virtual yet critical international infrastructure. Protecting it is paramount. Elettronica launches the EMSOpedia will help people to understand these challenges, both in the military and civilian contexts. It is a useful, multi world’s first electromagnetic domain and interdisciplinary tool not only for the armed forc- es, but also for the more general audience of Academia, stu- spectrum operations dents, policy makers and journalists. Compiled by some of the world’s leading electronic warfare encyclopaedia experts inside and outside the company, with the coopera- 53

EMSOpedia has been compiled by some of the world’s leading electronic warfare experts tion of several qualified contributors, EMSOpedia is set to be- come the standard reference work for the fast-moving disci- pline of EMSO. It is an ‘open project’ to which all experts and practitioners, as well as, institutional entities, sector associa- “EMSOpedia is unique. There is no organic initiative using its tions, and academia representatives can make qualified con- broad taxonomic structure which also clarifies the myriad of in- tributions to increase knowledge, enriching definitions and terconnections between EMSO’s various topics” add new entries. Enzo Benigni, President and CEO of Elettronica S.p.A. Ongoing Expertise Currently, there is an initial EMSOpedia release with 100 en- tries which contains significant EMSO knowledge, but possi- bilities exist to enlarge this further. Anyone with expertise on holders, institutions, armed forces, academia and suppliers. the subject can write to the scientific committee of the proj- “EMSOpedia is unique. There is no organic initiative using its ect and apply to enrich existing entries or create new ones. broad taxonomic structure which also clarifies the myriad of EMSOpedia is published in a handy online format making it interconnections between EMSO’s various topics,” said Enzo easy to use from any PC, laptop, or from a tablet or mobile/cell Benigni, President and CEO of Elettronica S.p.A. phone. Elettronica has also designed it to be ‘future proof’ as it Elettronica has been at the forefront of Electronic Warfare for will be updated with new entries throughout its life reflecting 70 years, supplying over 3,000 high-tech systems to the the dynamic world of EMSO. armed forces and governments of 30 countries. The compa- Elettronica was founded in 1951 by the engineer Filippo Frat- ny’s systems are designed for a variety of operational mis- alocchi. He introduced Italy to electronic warfare, realising the sions, from strategic surveillance, self-protection, intelli- need to protect ships, planes and vehicles from electromag- gence gathering, electronic defence and operational sup- netic threats, like radars. port for the sea, land and air domains. It boasts a strong list of “Today, 70 years after its establishment, Elettronica is a global successful national and international collaborations on ma- and integrated Defence, Security and Cyber Group. We have jor programmes like the Tornado fighter, the Eurofighter Ty- always invested in research and development to maintain our phoon combat aircraft, the NH-90 helicopter, the Italian off- market position and to predict future threats. We are heavily shore patrol vessel and the Franco-Italian Horizon and involved in the evolution of Electronic Warfare into Electro- FREMM warships. The company is part of Gruppo Elettronica magnetic Spectrum Operations. For this reason, to celebrate which also includes CY4GATE, specialising in Cyber EW, Cy- our 70th birthday, we wanted to collate all our knowledge in bersecurity and Intelligence; and Elt GmbH, a German sub- EMSOpedia, our encyclopaedia dedicated to EMSO and share sidiary specialising in the design of Homeland Security sys- it with the global defence community. This is to say thank you tems. for the help the company has received from so many stake- The EMSOpedia can be accessed at www.emsopedia.org 54 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Issue File

Economic Cooperation between UAE and Israel: A Qualitative Approach to Peace and Development Diplomacy

Since the announcement of the signing of the peace agreement between the United Arab Emirates and Israel in August last year, it has become clear that one of the most important objectives of this agreement is to inaugurate a new phase based on peace and development diplomacy and build economic partnerships between the countries and people of the region in order to achieve the aspirations for security and stability on basis of mutual invest- ments and technological collaboration. As such, some aspects of the UAE’s announcement of the establishment of a US$10 billion fund aimed at invest- ing in strategic sectors in Israel can be highlighted. In this issue, Nation Shield sheds light on the importance, contexts and goals of this initiative for the mu- tual relations between the two countries.

Prepared by: Editorial Board 55

The process of building bilateral relations between the Unit- ed Arab Emirates and Israel in the economic and investment The UAE-Israel domain has not stopped since the announcement of an agreement to establish formal relations between the two relations have countries. These relations have witnessed continuous posi- tive developments that reflect a common desire between the witnessed continuous two countries to “chart a new path that opens the way to great potentials in the region,” as stated in the joint statement positive developments issued by the U.S., the UAE and Israel on August 13, 2020 on the occasion of the announcement of this peace accord. The that reflect a common statement confirmed at the time that the representatives of the two countries would meet “in the coming weeks to sign desire between the bilateral agreements related to the sectors of investment, tourism, direct flights, security, communications, technology, two countries energy, healthcare, culture, environment, exchange of em- bassies and ambassadors, and other areas of mutual interest”. Many of these goals have already been achieved in a relative- ly short time despite the challenges of the global closure due to the outbreak of the Novel Coronavirus pandemic. Moham- med Mahmoud Al-Khaja took the oath in front of His High- ness Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid, Vice President and Prime 56 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Issue File

Minister of the UAE and Ruler of Dubai, in his capacity as the Early in March, the UAE first ambassador to Israel. On January 24, the cabinet ap- proved the establishment of an embassy for the UAE in Tel UAE announced the Aviv, while Israel announced the opening of its embassy in Abu Dhabi. On March 1, 2021, the UAE ambassador to Israel, establishment of a Mohammed Mahmoud Al-Khaja, arrived in Israel, on his first visit after assuming his position, where he met with senior US$10 billion fund leaders and officials. The remarkable endeavour to build institutional diplomatic relations between the UAE and Israel has taken place despite aimed at investing in the challenges posed by the spread of the Coronavirus pan- demic throughout the world. This reflects a strong joint de- strategic sectors in sire on part of the two countries to benefit from the common frameworks for cooperation that official relations channels Israel would facilitate in support of development, economic and investment opportunities. It was clear from the announce- ment of the peace accord that there are promising prospects that the two sides seek to make the most of in the interest of both peoples, and to strengthen regional and international in the viability of peace and development diplomacy, and its security and peace. Both countries have expressed from the keenness to consolidate the pillars of such diplomacy and outset their desire to make a strong contribution to the ef- build real and effective peace frameworks with Israel, but forts to drive development in the region by stimulating eco- also because it aims to invest in important strategic sectors nomic growth, promoting technological innovation, and that include energy, manufacturing, water, space, health- strengthening relations between peoples, based on the con- care, agricultural technology and others. In addition, this ini- viction that the Middle East needs to build a real and lasting tiative encourages and motivates other Middle Eastern par- peace in the region that is based on cooperation, peaceful ties to join the ranks of the thriving regional economies, and coexistence and tolerance. build partnerships that push forward economic growth and UAE Investments: A Real Peace Framework enhance the social welfare of peoples. The UAE’s announcement early in March of the establish- In addition, this initiative gains its importance from other ment of a US$10 billion fund aimed at investing in strategic strategic aspects that can be addressed as follows: sectors in Israel is a highly important initiative in the course of To understand this step, the fact is that the UAE has become a relations between the two countries. Not only does the fund regional and global trade center, mainly through its large in- reflect the UAE’s seriousness in proving its deep confidence vestments in infrastructure. This reinforces the unique geo- 57

The peace agreement hance the competitiveness of the UAE in several sectors, in- cluding advanced technology, health, tourism, water treat- between the UAE and ment, and increasing the productivity of agricultural lands. The exchange of expertise and technology transfer in these Israel has frozen the areas, in which Israel has distinguished experience, can ac- celerate the pace of development of these sectors in the UAE. Israeli “annexation UAE investments in Israel constitute a new expansion of Emi- rati investments across the world, as reports, statistics and global indicators confirm that the UAE is classified as one of plan” the most active investors. The wise leadership – headed by HH Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, President of the UAE, HH Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Vice President graphical position of the UAE between Asia, Europe and Afri- and Prime Minister of the UAE and Ruler of Dubai, and HH ca. It is also the gateway to the Middle East. The UAE has in- Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Crown Prince of Abu creased the volume of trade. It has been a member of the Dhabi and Deputy Supreme Commander of the UAE Armed World Trade Organization since 1996, and it is one of the Forces – has adopted a policy of sustainable economic diversi- most prominent supporters of global free trade. fication so that the UAE should be an effective actor on the The initiative helps strengthen peace process between the economic scene at the regional and international levels. UAE and Israel, which has paved the way to build a real peace The UAE facilitates foreign investment in all countries of the that guarantees security and stability for all parties, and en- world without exception, through the establishment of suc- courages Israel to search for just political solutions to the Pal- cessful sovereign asset funds. Through these assets, the estinian issue, by virtue of the fact that the growing interests country has become a major investor in many countries with the Arab countries can be one of the Israel’s incentives around the world. The proceeds of these funds are used to to reach just formulas that ensure peace and the legitimate boost the growth of the country, with a large share allocated rights of the Palestinian people. to projects in the fields of energy, industry, communications, It is noteworthy that the UAE’s approach to finding an alter- information technology, infrastructure, healthcare and re- native way in dealing with Israel is one of the most important newable energy. The UAE has significant investments in most tools that can impact on the positions and policies of the Is- countries of the world, including the U.S., Russia, China, raeli side. The peace agreement between the UAE and Israel South Korea, Japan, Pakistan, India, Malaysia, Indonesia, Tur- has frozen the Israeli “annexation plan”, which provides the key, Georgia, Sri Lanka, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Jordan, Egypt, Mo- Palestinians with a valuable opportunity to search for fair po- rocco, Oman, Ethiopia, Sudan, UK, Germany, Somalia, Poland, litical solutions and settlements to the issue. France, Austria, Hungary, Romania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, The technological cooperation with Israel will certainly en- Cyprus, Malta, Tunisia, Algeria, Mali, Mauritania, Guinea, Be- 58 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Issue File

Interview nin, Nigeria, Ghana and Canada. the ambitious development vi- The UAE has extensive accumula- The United Arab sions set by the wise leadership. tive experience in global invest- Directing the UAE investments to ment markets. It explores prospec- Emirates ranks strategic sectors in Israel is a de- tive opportunities, enters the most liberate step in light of the reper- attractive and profitable markets as the second cussions of the outbreak of the and seeks to maximise its gains COVID-19 pandemic, which may from entering open markets with economic power herald a global recession, high promising economic and invest- global unemployment rates, and ment environments. All this helps in the Arab world low levels of trade to the extent the UAE to build a diversified econ- that some experts warn of a ma- omy. jor recession similar to what hap- The United Arab Emirates ranks as pened in the 1930s. Therefore, the second economic power in the Arab world, with a GDP of there is an urgent need to think out of the box to preserve more than US$400 billion (US$420 billion in 2019 according the value of the UAE’s financial assets through a deliberate to World Bank data). Its strong and sustainable growth is at- direction of investments. tributed to tourism, transportation, logistics, financial servic- Mutual Investments and Common Returns es, real estate, banks and renewable energy. The UAE is look- It would be necessary to point out that the general frame- ing forward to stimulating its economy in the future, with work of relations between the UAE and Israel is based on priority given to investment in education, information tech- the idea of mutual returns and interests, meaning that in- nology, artificial intelligence, health and manufacturing. Is- vestments do not go in one direction, as some try to pro- rael is one of the top 10 countries in the Global mote. Things are proceeding in a thoughtful man- Innovation Index of the World Intellectual ner, and the two sides have repeatedly spoken Property Organization (WIPO) of the of the desire to attract mutual invest- United Nations for 2019, while the ments and open new horizons to lay UAE ranks first in the Arab world the foundations for economic, trade in this index. Thus the UAE and investment partnership in vari- would benefit not only from ous vital areas of common inter- technological cooperation, est, and to take advantage of the but also through technology opportunities available through transfer and indigenization, the new peace agreements. The which would improve the two countries also agreed to pro- competitive capabilities of tect and encourage investment, Emirati national competencies enhance investment partnership, and help to achieve the goals of and encourage all governmental, 59

semi-governmental and private investments. sectors in both countries to build The general In light of the above review of strategic partnerships. It is remark- the objectives and potential di- able that since the announcement framework of mensions that lie behind the di- of the establishment of relations rection of the UAE investments between the UAE and Israel on Au- relations between towards strategic sectors in Isra- gust 13, 2020, the two countries el, it can be said that the Emirati have moved rapidly to expand co- the UAE and move is characterised by a high operation in vital sectors, including degree of intelligence and so- health, technology, energy, tourism Israel is based on phistication. Investment in and education. these sectors is most appropri- Economic Diplomacy and Invest- the idea of mutual ate in light of the current global ment Plans investment data and environ- World Bank data indicate that GDP returns and ment. It would also help to values in the UAE rose by more than achieve other Emirati goals, 200 per cent during the period 2000- interests such as compatibility between 2018, thanks to economic diversifi- economic and technological cation and the reinforcement of oil goals, for the UAE has become a industry during that period. To major player in the fields of ad- maintain the rates of increase in GDP in light of the current vanced technology and an important financial center. So it is economic environment, locally and globally, with plans to natural for the UAE to cooperate with Israel, which has broad reduce dependence on oil and move towards a global experience in these areas, especially after the knowledge economy and investment in obstacle of the absence of normal diplomatic technology, requires a deliberate di- relations between the two countries has rection of investments and finan- disappeared. Thus Israel has become a cial surpluses, not only in line natural partner for the UAE in the with these data and objectives, fields of technology, cyber security, but also with the global econ- financial technology, space, omy and the aspects of com- health, agricultural, food and petitiveness in technology other sectors, which are the areas sectors. Besides, it is impor- in which the UAE needs to make tant to diversify investment a quantum leap in line with the base and destinations to strong desire to achieve the goals achieve the highest returns of the UAE Centennial 2071. and best performance for these 60 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Research

Vehicles Steer Their Way into

Armoured Prominence at IDEX

Defence capabilities can never be complete without armoured vehicles. Combining mobility with of- fensive and defensive abilities, such vehicles have been around for quite a long time in varied forms. The difference, though, is that in modern days they are much more sophisticated, and play a crucial role on the battlefield and other places where they are considered essential. The 15th edition of the International Defence Exhibition (IDEX) that concluded in Abu Dhabi on Febru- ary 25 witnessed enthusiastic participation by reputed local and international companies, which lined up a range of multipurpose armoured vehicles. 61

Several armoured vehicle manufactures took part at IDEX 2021

Nimr launched Ajban 4x4, Hafeet 6x6 wheeled armoured vehicles

Ajban and Hafeet Nimr launched its second-generation Ajban 4x4 and Hafeet 6x6 wheeled armoured military vehicles at IDEX. Technical excellence, dynamic performance, and modular structural design were the highlights. Featuring advanced blast mitigation and ballistic protection, the new platforms provide high levels of protection in the harshest of environments. Designed to meet the most de- manding duty-cycle requirements, the monocoque architec- ture offers a higher degree of body rigidity that contributes to greater agility and responsiveness. The MK2 versions boast enhanced maintainability with a sig- nificantly reduced timeframe required to remove a vehicle’s power pack – down from 10 hours to just 20 minutes. Recently, Nimr successfully conducted the first landmine blast tests, in line with international standards, in the UAE desert in collaboration with sister company LAHAB. The tests were done to demonstrate the effectiveness of the protection levels offered by the Ajban MK2 armoured tactical vehicle. Owing to the superior monocoque design, the vehi- cle remained intact during both of these powerful blasts. The Adding to the excitement was the fact that IDEX turned out second-generation vehicles’ high levels of protection pro- to be the first major in-person global defence event to take vide an added advantage rarely available in other leading ar- place in the post-pandemic recovery stage. moured vehicles in this class. Several prominent armoured vehicle manufactures includ- VOLAT LIGHT ARMOURED VEHICLE - MZKT-490101 ing NIMR, Al Jasoor, Otokar, General Dynamics Land Systems, This year, VOLAT exhibited the entirely new 4x4 Light Ar- Patria, Nexter, BAE Systems, Oshkosh and Hanwha took part moured Vehicle (LAV) MZKT-490101. This novelty represents in the event. a five-seat LAV designed for transportation and protection of Here’s a glance at some of the military vehicles that made its crew from the damage effects of small arms and explosive their presence at the show. devices. Applied solutions provide optimal reliability and 62 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Research

VOLAT’s new 4x4 MZKT-490101 represents a five-seat LAV designed for transportation and protection of its crew protection against threats in the warfare. LAV power pack ZEUS laser can hit targets consists of Doosan DL06 6-liter engine of 270hp and Allison 6- speed automatic transmission. The two-speed transfer more than 300 metres case ADS is assembled into a single power unit with the pow- away er pack. The engine compartment is equipped with automat- ic fire extinguishing system. LAV MZKT-490101 has modular composition and 4-door body all-welded from armoured steel. The fleet of LAV MZKT- 490100 family with different types of mounted equipment is extensively operated by the Ministry of Defence, Ministry of Internal Affairs and State Borders Authority of the Republic of VOLAT exhibited new 4x4 Belarus. ZEUS LAV MZKT-490101 ZEUS is a laser based unexploded ordnance and landmine neutralisation system comprised of target detection sensors, a high-power laser, beam director for engaging targets and The vehicle can accommodate up to 10 officers armed and operator controls. The ZEUS laser can hit targets more than in full gear. It has been field- and combat-tested before be- 300 metres away from the vehicle and is powerful enough to ing sent to serve with OMON (Special Purpose Police Unit). detonate small submunitions from cluster bombs, land The pilot production of GAZ-2330 “Tigr” started in 2004. mines, general purposed (GP) bombs and thick-cased artil- In 2005 only 96 vehicles were made, mostly for MVD. The ve- lery rounds. Parsons is the original equipment manufacturer hicle is expensive now (by the Russian standards, of course), (OEM) of the ZEUS laser. $ 60-65.000 a piece. Specialists, however, consider GAZ- Tigr Medium Armoured Vehicle 4x4 8 t 2330 a very successful vehicle. Tigr is a Russian high-mobility multipurpose military vehicle, The Tigr GAZ-2330 can be armed with a light machine gun or manufactured by Military-Industrial Company LLC (BMK). grenade launcher. Hatches and brackets for installation of The GAZ-2330 Tigr is the military version of the vehicle and 7.62mm Pecheneg machinegun and 30mm AGS-17 grenade has been referred to as “the Russian Humvee”. The GAZ-2975 launchers are mounted on the roof. The windows of GAZ- Tigr was officially taken into service at the end of 2006 and 233036 special police vehicles are equipped with firing ports. manufactured in 2007. The TIGR’s armoured hull provides protection against small- 63

Tigr, Russian high-mobility multipurpose military vehicle

JSC ‘140 Repair Plant’ Cаyman The vehicle is intended for participating in reconnaissance manufactured prototype and sabotage operations, patrolling and escorting columns, model of ‘Zashchitnik’ carrying out peacekeeping and police operations, as well as conducting actions in emergency situations. The cooling system allows exploiting the machine at ambi- ent temperatures up to +50°C. Modern devices and sensors of domestic production allow controlling the parametres of all systems to ensure the work of a diesel engine. Modernisation kit MK-72BME There is an opportunity to install an onboard information developed to improve control system, which extends the opportunities on control- ling the product units work, increases functional and ergo- T-72M1 tank nomic features of the crew positions; has a built-in naviga- tion system. The product is equipped with a light signal system for mov- arms fire, shell fragments and IED blasts. The hull and door ing on public roads, a rearview camera, and additional illumi- windows are bulletproof and spall liners protect personnel nation devices. against spalls if the hull is hit by bullets or fragments and ex- An all-wheel drive (4*4), a high engine torque, an indepen- clude ricochet from the opposite side if the hull is pierced. dent torsional-lever-type suspension and a centralised tyre VPK-URAL Heavy Armoured Vehicle 4x4 14 t inflation system allow to move confidently across the rugged The 4x4 VPK-Ural was first presented at the Army-2019 inter- terrain. national military-technical forum. Weighing 14,500 kg, the Zashchitnik vehicle has a range of 1000km and speed of 100kmph. It is JSC “140 Repair Plant” has developed and manufactured a powered by a 360 HP YaMZ-536 turbocharged diesel engine. prototype model of the protected multi-purpose vehicle Za- VPK-Ural is designed to carry 12 people in full gear. Mine shchitnik. protection provides protection against an explosive device This multifunctional vehicle can be used to support trans- equivalent to 6kg of TNT. Special anti-traumatic seats with portation of the personnel assets accompanied by convoys, seat belts are installed. Armament is set depending on the patrolling of areas and roads and providing counter-terror- tasks to be solved. ism operations. 64 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Research

VPK-Ural is designed to carry 12 people and provides protection against explosive device equivalent to 6kg of TNT

As the basic chassis is used the MAZ-631708 off-road wheeled have increased due to the installation of a multi-channel chassis with a 6×6 wheel arrangement and a YaMZ-7511 pow- (television and thermal imaging channels) combined (day er plant with a power of 294 kWt (400 hp). and night) sight, which allows day and night performance The armoured hull of a protected vehicle provides protection without illumination of the target and not detecting itself for a crew of 16 people from small arms fire and artillery shell with infrared radiation. fragments of protection class Br5 in accordance with GOST P The installation of a ballistic computer with meteorological 50963-96. sensors, sensors of careen and tangage, wind, and position Equipment of a car interior inside with special shotproof mats made it possible to increase the accuracy of shooting. provides protection of the crew from damage by secondary With the inclusion of a guided missile into the ammunition fragments. load, its loading is carried out using the existing automatic Modernisation tank T-72BME loader, a storage device and a rotating transporter, which In order to improve the characteristics of the T-72M1 tank in has been finalised to ensure loading of missiles and guided terms of firepower, autonomy and command controllability, a missiles. modernisation kit MK-72BME was developed. An autonomous power supply unit is installed on the left cat- As a result, the T-72BME tank has improved tactical and tech- erpillar shelf of the tank’s hull, which is connected via a set of nical characteristics. cable assemblies to the tank’s general electrical system. Its Firepower, improved observation and aiming conditions installation makes it possible to work all the components and 65

assemblies of the vehicle without unmasking work of the en- Egypt, besides being used by the United Nations. gine of the tank in place for an unlimited time, to perform a The flexible design of the vehicle, its high speed, manoeu- combat task. vrability and long range, on road and off-road, makes it pos- VARAN-AFV sible to produce various versions to satisfy various military VARAN 6x6 is a tactical armoured vehicle with advanced bal- and security purposes. listic and blast protection, ensuring crew survivability in the Variants include the FAHD 240/280/300 APC, a command modern day battle field. VARAN can be used as a platoon post vehicle, ambulance vehicle, light armoured recovery ve- strength troop carrier, 8 dismounts and a commander and hicle, and can be used for anti-riot purposes, mine laying and driver and can be configured as a command and control plat- mine dispensing, making it possible to form independent form, forward observation vehicle (FOO) or in a convoy sup- units capable of dealing with different threats of armour, port role. low-flying targets, and personnel, with common repair du- STANAG 4569 Level 4 armouring means VARAN can protect ties, and operation. against mine strikes and IED blast and can be fitted with ce- SOTV ramic or composite plates for even greater protection. With The Navistar Defence SOTV is a vehicle designed from the the option to make it amphibious and fitting the optional ground up to support military, special forces, security, Non- CBRN filtration system, VARAN is a multi- environment vehicle. Governmental Organisations (NGO), or diplomatic users in P2 KM Reconnaissance Vehicle their areas of operation. It offers high mobility and improved P2 KM is super manoeuvrability Armoured Reconnaissance protection, as well as a longer life cycle than up-armoured Vehicle, equipped with Remote Control Weapon System, for commercial vehicles over a rigorous mission profile. 7.62 mm and 12.7 mm machine gun and various optronics Everything in the SOTV—from the powerful engine, to the for recon mission. It can be transported inside Hercules C dynamic suspension and drive train, to the armour system, to 130. P2 KM (Komando Monocoque) is a new version of P2 Ko- the modular electronics capability—is designed for the high- mando made by PT. Sentra Surya Ekajaya (PT. SSE). This vehi- est level of mission performance and protection. As a pur- cle is larger than P2 Komando, and features new V-shaped pose-built vehicle with a robust design and components, it hull to withstand mines and IEDs. provides a significantly longer life cycle than an up-armoured FAHD and FAHD-300 light truck. The FAHD is a 4x4 Egyptian armoured personnel carrier, de- Medium Tank ‘HARIMAU’ signed to fit the requirements of the Egyptian Military. It re- KAPLAN MT or Harimau, is a modern medium-weight tank placed older APCs in Egyptian service such as the BTR-40, developed jointly by Turkish firm FNSS and Indonesian state- and the Walid. It has been used by eight nations including owned enterprise PT Pindad. It is designed to offer high le- 66 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Research

KAPLAN MT or Harimau, is a modern medium-weight tank developed jointly by Turkish firm FNSS and Indonesian state-owned enterprise PT Pindad

Zashchitnik can support transportation of the personnel assets accompanied by convoys, patrolling of areas and roads and providing counter-terrorism operations thality in combination with superior tactical mobility. The layout of the Kaplan MT tank resembles a standard main battle tank (MBT) with the driver at the centre of forward hull, turret in the middle and crew, as well as power-pack at the rear of the hull. The interior has been designed with major emphasis on crew ergonomics and tactical and battlefield conditions such as driving, firing and loading / off-loading of ammunition. The driver’s position offers an enhanced field of view and conve- nient access to control panel and driving instruments. Fahd is designed to fit Crew enter / exit the vehicle through single-piece hatch cov- ers mounted on the roof of the hull. The gunner and com- requirements of Egyptian mander are provided with sighting systems for observation Military during the day / night, while the commander’s position is in- stalled with a panoramic sight. P6 ATAV V3 P6 ATAV V3 is the new variant of P6 ATAV. P6 ATAV V3 have been completed with RWCS ( Remote Control Weapon Sys- P6 ATAV V3 is the new variant tem) and also the Gunshot Detection System. Those systems are not stand alone but have been fully integrated, so all the of P6 ATAV data from Gunshot will send to RCWS for references as recon- naissance and even return firing. It is classified as rantis by In- donesian military. P6 ATAV is manufactured by SSE Defense, the same company that manufactured P2 Pakci, P2 Commando, and P3 Cheetah. Mahindra MPV-i combines In shape, P6 is similar to P3, but with wider and shorter body. P6 uses tubular frame and “open” body design without door excellent ballistic and mine and protective glass. It is constructed from high grade steel material and dual aluminium. protection 67

MilCOTS are versatile medium and heavy-duty military vehicles

Mahindra Armoured MPVi Mahindra Mine Protected Vehicle-I (MPV-i), is a Mine-Resis- tant Ambush Protected (MRAP) Type Armoured Personnel Carrier and a Specialist Off-road Vehicle. The MPV-I is pow- ered by a ruggedised 230 HP diesel engine, paired with a 6x6 transmission. The Mahindra MPV-i combines excellent ballistic and mine protection, with a top and side protection of CEN Level B6, and blast protection up to Stanag Level 4A. The MPV-i delivers power, stability and utmost reliability un- der extreme conditions. Mahindra MPV-i can withstand direct hit of 7.62x51 mm ball, 5.56x45 mm, 7.62x39 mm ammunition from a distance of 10 P6 has 3 points for mounting weapons, preferably 7.62mm metres at 90° angle of attack. MGs. The mounting is at the top of the vehicle. It can be used BAE Land Systems OMC conducted a landmine certification to mount Anti-tank missile, Surface-to-air missile, and mini- test on the Mahindra MPV-i and concluded that the vehicle gun. The P6 ATAV only has light armour protection (alumini- structure provides adequate protection to the occupants of um) to ensure its lightweight and agility. the vehicle against 14kg TNT explosives underneath the hull P6 ATAV V3 is a fully armoured variant with STANAG level 1 of the vehicle and 21kg TNT explosives underneath the rear standard, with bullet-proof glass and runflat tyres. wheel of the vehicle. MilCOTS THeMIS Cargo Unmanned Ground Vehicle Navistar Defense’s Militarised Commercial-Off-The-Shelf The purpose of the THeMIS Cargo is to reduce the cognitive (MilCOTS) vehicles are versatile medium and heavy-duty load of soldiers and provide a means to carry and utilise extra military vehicles based on International severe service chas- gear and firepower. The THeMIS Cargo will increase the mobil- sis. The flexible platform is easily tailored to meet specific ity of dismounted units and make them more effective against mission requirements, and includes vehicle variants such the adversary. The THeMIS Cargo can also be used to support as: water tankers; petroleum, oil and lubricant trucks; gener- on-base logistical activities and for last-mile resupply. al troop transporters; wreckers; dump trucks; heavy equip- In the next issue, we will highlight more such armoured ment transport trucks; and more. vehicles that featured prominently at IDEX. 68 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Research How to Effectively Outlaw

A chemical weapon is defined as any toxic chemical that can cause death, injury, incapacitation, and sensory irritation, deployed through a delivery system, such as an artillery shell, rocket or mis- sile. International law explicitly prohibits the use and possession of chemical weapons. Interview

Unfortunately, in recent years, the global standard against What is alarming is that these incidents risk growing in sever- chemical weapons use has eroded, and it is critical that respon- ity and becoming widespread for as long as the issue re- sible states wake up and initiate joint action to reinforce it. mains unaddressed. Systematic violations of the Chemical Weapons Convention Reinforcing the rule against chemical weapons use necessi- (CWC) and the malign use of chemical agents have contin- tates a unified global effort to utilise all CWC provisions and ued for nearly a decade without accountability. to strengthen the consequences that violators face in accor- 69 w Chemical Weapons?

Systematic violations of CWC have continued for a decade

Incidents risk growing in severity and becoming widespread

CWC is endorsed by 193 State-parties

used on a widespread basis throughout the First World War, ac- counting for approximately 90,000 of the war’s casualties. The Geneva Protocol In response to a global recognition of the indiscriminate ef- fects of chemical weapons use, the 1925 Protocol for the Pro- hibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare, dubbed the Geneva Protocol, was negotiated. From that point, chemical and biological agents were banned from use in war as a matter of international law. However, the production, stockpiling, and intermittent use of chemical weapons continued, in part due to the narrow scope of the Geneva Protocol, which applies only to the use of chemical weapons in interstate conflicts. A number of states included in their ratifications a reservation of the right to use chemical weapons in retaliation against a chemical weapons attack or offensively towards those not dance with international law. party to the protocol, including the United States, which rati- The Beginning fied the Geneva Protocol only in 1975, after dropping napalm The first known use of chemical weapons in modern history and Agent Orange over Vietnam throughout the Vietnam was in April 1915, when the Germans unleashed chlorine gas War. on units of French and Algerian soldiers at Ypres, Belgium. Fol- The de facto norm against chemical weapons use solidified lowing that attack, chlorine, phosgene, and mustard gas were following the entry into force of the CWC in 1997. Negotia- 70 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Research

Interview

Chemical weapons can cause death, injury, incapacitation, and sensory irritation tions on the CWC began in 1980 at the UN Conference on Disarmament, ultimately producing a treaty prohibiting Reports of chemical weapon chemical weapons in 1993 that is far more expansive than attacks in Syria began in 2013 the Geneva Protocol. The CWC goes beyond the Geneva Protocol by banning not only the use but also the development, production, stock- pile, and transfer of chemical weapons. Today, the near-uni- versal treaty has 193 states-parties. There are only four CWC Destruction of Syria’s holdout states: Egypt, Israel, North Korea, and South Sudan. The CWC requires that all states verifiably destroy their de- declared stockpile marked an clared chemical weapons stockpiles upon accession to the treaty. The CWC established the Organisation for the Prohibi- extraordinary feat tion of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), which supports imple- mentation of the CWC and verifies states-parties’ compliance foaming from the mouth, blurry vision, and suffocation— with their obligations under the treaty. The CWC’s near uni- symptoms consistent with nerve agent poisoning. versality and the governing OPCW’s oversight played a role The United Nations launched an investigation into the al- in upholding the global standard against chemical weapons leged use of chemical weapons in Syria, and the OPCW dis- use for nearly two decades. patched technical experts to aid in the investigation. Six states declared stockpiles upon acceding to the treaty: In- UN and independent governmental assessments concluded dia, Iraq, Libya, Russia, South Korea, and the United States. Al- that sarin, a volatile nerve agent, was used by the Assad gov- bania declared a chemical weapons stockpile several years ernment in the attack. after joining the CWC and has since destroyed it. Only the World leaders began to weigh the prospects of military inter- United States has yet to complete destruction of its stockpile, vention. The UN Security Council met in two emergency ses- but it is scheduled to do so by 2023. Since the CWC’s entry sions in a week. The UK Parliament voted against supporting into force, more than 98 per cent of the world’s chemical military action while U.S. President Barack Obama stated he weapons stockpiles have been verifiably destroyed. would seek authorisation from Congress for a limited strike. Erosion of the Norm The United States and Russia forged an agreement whereby Reports of chemical weapons attacks in Syria began in early Syria would accede to the CWC and surrender its chemical 2013 as the Assad regime clashed with Syrian opposition weapons arsenal, which would be verifiably destroyed forces amid the civil war. In August that year, news spread of a through a coordinated effort led by Washington and Mos- large-scale chemical weapons attack in Ghouta, with an esti- cow with the support of the OPCW and the UN. Syria submit- mated 1,000 or more people experiencing convulsions, ted a declaration of its stockpile to the OPCW on September 71

Soldiers in a gas attack exercise during World War II

ed to identifying those responsible for chemical weapons Support for a strong OPCW use in Syria. budget is critical The JIM determined in August 2015 that the Syrian govern- ment was responsible for chemical weapons use during at least two incidents, in April 2014 and March 2015. The JIM found that the Daesh group was responsible for the use of sulfur mustard in Syria in August 2015. Chemical weapons 46 states backed suspension use continued in Syria despite the JIM findings implicating the Assad regime and the supposed total destruction of Syr- of Syria’s rights in CWC, ia’s stockpile. The first major allegation surrounding the re- newed use of sarin in Syria came in April 2017, in an attack OPCW that killed dozens of civilians in Khan Shaykhun, suggesting that Syria did not give up its entire chemical weapons pro- 20, 2013. gramme or that it reconstituted parts of it in violation of the Prompt destruction of Syria’s chemical weapons programme CWC. alleviated concerns that the weapons would continue to be After the FFM verified that sarin was used in the attack, Russia used on a large-scale basis throughout the country’s civil vetoed a Security Council vote to extend the mandate for the war. attributive JIM for another year. The JIM’s final report estab- The destruction of Syria’s enormous declared chemical lished that the Assad regime was responsible for the use of weapons stockpile marked an extraordinary feat. sarin in the April 2017 attack. While Syria did declare and surrender the bulk of its stock- OPCW member states voted to establish the Investigation piles of chemical weapons, chemical agents, and associated and Identification Team (IIT) in 2018. equipment as required by the 2013 agreement, a host of al- In April 2020, the IIT found that the Assad regime was respon- legations arose in 2014 regarding the use of a toxic chemical, sible for a series of chlorine and sarin attacks in Syria in March likely chlorine gas, in the Syrian conflict. 2017—a month before Khan Shaykhun. The OPCW responded to these allegations through the con- During the first portion of the 25th annual conference of duct of its Fact-Finding Mission (FFM). From 2014 to 2020, states-parties, held November 30–December 1, 2020, 46 the OPCW deployed the FFM numerous times in Syria. states co-sponsored a resolution to suspend Syria’s rights In 2015 the UN Security Council unanimously adopted Reso- and privileges in the “decision-making bodies” of the CWC lution 2235, which condemned “any use of any toxic chemi- and the OPCW. cal, such as chlorine, as a weapon” in Syria and established The Syrian government’s more recent chemical attacks have the UN-OPCW Joint Investigative Mechanism (JIM), dedicat- been met with far less forceful denunciations by the interna- 72 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Research

Interview

Some regimes use chemical weapons to secure their own ends through terror A woman affected by a gas attack tional community as compared to the strong and coordinated international response that immediately followed the 2013 Perpetrators of chemical sarin gas attack in Ghouta. weapons use must be held The Syrian case highlights two important conclusions. First, it reveals that although the global norm was supported and accountable strengthened by the CWC, it is distinct from the convention. Second, the strength of the global norm against chemical weapons use is foremost measured by the extent to which the weapons are not used, under any circumstances, by any state or nonstate actor. Novichok agents added The relatively muted response to ongoing use of chemical weapons, primarily involving chlorine and mustard gas, in to CWC’s list of banned Syria from 2014 onwards, combined with Russia’s efforts to shield the Assad regime from blame for the chemical attacks, substances has weakened the norm. Outside Syria, the targeted use of chemical weapons in assas- sinations have further weakened the normative and legal pro- hibitions on chemical weapons use. Two major instances of chemical weapons use—the 2017 as- World community needs sassination in Kuala Lumpur of North Korean leader Kim Jong to shore up response to Un’s half-brother, Kim Jong Nam, using VX, and the 2018 poi- soning in the United Kingdom of former Russian spy Sergei violations Skripal with a Novichok agent—were met by a similarly lack- luster response from the international community. dard against chemical weapons use. Navalny was poisoned The norm against chemical weapons use will be restored with a Novichok agent in August 2020 on a domestic flight in when the international community shores up its response to Russia. Moscow has denied responsibility for the attack. instances of use and demonstrates that such use is never ac- Novichok agents were added to the CWC’s list of banned ceptable under any circumstances. Perpetrators of chemical Schedule 1 substances in June 2020, after the poisoning of weapons use must be held accountable. Skripal triggered a campaign by CWC members to amend The recent OPCW finding that a Novichok nerve agent was the Annex on Chemicals, subjecting countries in possession used to poison Russian dissident Alexei Navalny presents an of the nerve agent to the convention’s most stringent decla- opportunity for a unified effort to reinforce the global stan- ration and verification requirements. 73

Image of a toddler after a suspected chemical attack

The CWC: A Preferred Instrument for Complete Prohibition vestigate any alleged use of chemical weapons by any CWC Reinforcement of the global norm against chemical weap- state-party. ons use requires taking steps to strengthen the existing 4. Partner states should consider expansion of the Interna- mechanisms included in the CWC while shoring up the inter- tional Partnership Against Impunity for the Use of Chemical national community’s ability to respond to the use of chemi- Weapons. cal weapons by any state or nonstate actor and hold them 5. The OPCW should establish a near-automatic process accountable. by which all findings attributing chemical weapons use to The OPCW has taken a series of important steps to strengthen an individual, state, or nonstate actor are compiled for re- the global norm, notably by addressing Syria’s chemical ferral to and prosecution in national or international weapons programme through the Executive Council’s July courts or tribunals. 2020 decision and by expanding the CWC Annex on Chemi- 6. The international community should pursue the prosecu- cals in 2019. Further measures should be pursued. tion of perpetrators of chemical weapons use. Widespread support for a strong OPCW budget is critical for Need for Action the organisation to make progress towards reinforcing the In his speech before the 25th conference, OPCW Director- norm. Russia, Iran, Syria, and other CWC states-parties have General Fernando Arias said, “The world now is not the same opposed the OPCW budget for several years, arguing that the as the one of 1993, when the Convention was signed. It is a OPCW is overreaching its prescribed mandate to oversee the more polarised place, where progress on demilitarisation demilitarisation of declared chemical weapons stockpiles. and non-proliferation is constantly threatened, and the ef- It is important that, despite opposition by spoilers, states- forts of the international community to live in a safer place parties continue their otherwise strong support for an effec- are compromised.” tive OPCW budget. Against the backdrop of Syria’s chemical weapons pro- With adequate funding, there are a range of approaches the gramme and the repeated use of nerve agents by certain international community and specifically the OPCW can pur- governments to poison political dissidents and innocent by- sue to reinforce the global norm. standers, Arias’ words ring true. 1. The OPCW Executive Council, together with input from all There is an urgent need to pursue additional, more creative CWC states-parties, should explicitly clarify what rights and approaches to strengthen the global norm against chemical privileges will be revoked under the convention for noncom- weapons use. pliant behaviour. Reference Text/Photo: 2. CWC states-parties should establish a precedent for chal- www.nytimes.com lenge inspections. www.thenational.ae 3. The OPCW should work to immediately expand the man- https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr date of the Investigation and Identification Team (IIT) to in- www.armscontrol.org 74 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Technology

Interview Arquus Launches Scarabee

A leading company in land defence, Arquus, presented best emerging technologies, which would be capable of ful- its jewel - the Scarabee - for the first time abroad at IDEX filling future reconnaissance missions in the most demand- 2021 in Abu Dhabi recently. ing environments and organising engagement support in Arquus’ most advanced and very first hybrid-drive armoured collaborative combat. vehicle incorporates the latest and innovative technologies It was this vision that led to the birth of the versatile and developed by the company, including energy management, modular Scarabee, which aims to provide units with a plat- suspension height adjustment, independent rear steering form that could make the difference in the most arduous axle, among many others. operations. In 2018, Arquus decided to fund the development of an ar- Built on the decades of experience designing light armoured moured vehicle with controlled tonnage, integrating the lat- and reconnaissance vehicles, such as the AMD, the AML, the est operational functionalities required and exploiting the EBR or the VBL, the Scarabee has been precisely crafted to 75

Technical specification GVW : 8 t Dimensions (L x W x H) : 5,25 x 2,1 x 2 m Ground Clearance : 0,385 m Max Crew : 3 ( + 1) DRIVELINE Configuration : 4x4 Engine : V6 VMM + electrice machine 400 v Power : 300 hp + 70 kW electric (100 hp) Transmission : Automatic (8+1) Suspension : Fully independent with variable-height Tires : 365 / 80 R20

trol SAS) version, specifically thought for the needs of Special Forces units, and equipped with a Hornet remote controlled weapon system (RCWS) fitted with a 12.7mm machine gun. In its Reconnaissance version, the Scarabee brings superior firepower on the battlefield thanks to its 30mm cannon, ef- fectively combining stealth and offensive capabilities. The third version is aimed at Security, Counter-Terrorist and urban operations units. It carries three operators and is na- tively fitted with Arquus’ Battlenet battle management sys- Scarabee benefits tem (BMS) for increased performance while in action. from exceptional These three versions are all built on a same base to allow for commonality, maintenance optimisation and reduced cost of power-to-weight ownership. The Scarabee has been aptly designed to redefine the stan- ratio dards for reconnaissance and light armoured vehicles. It is able to hide or take cover behind the smallest obstacles, allowing optimal discretion in front of the enemy lines. With combine protection, stealth and high mobility. its 8T Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) and its compact It has been specifically thought to answer the needs of the size, it can be transported under slung by helicopter and is armies as well as the needs of the crews on the field. Light, C130 compatible. It can, therefore, be quickly deployed wher- compact, fast and well protected, it is a difficult vehicle to ever needed. spot, acquire, lock and to hit. Crab-like Movements The Scarabee is a true revolution in the way reconnaissance The Scarabee can adjust its ground clearance at all times: a missions are envisioned and conducted. higher level is designed for off-roading and obstacle crossing, The Scarabee is now available in three different versions and the lower one is for transport, air drop, and to further enhance is ready to roll out for action. stealth while in a firing or observation position. Three Different Versions It is equipped with independent steering rear wheels, allow- In Abu Dhabi, the Scarabee was presented in its PATSAS (Pa- ing very short U-turns (as tight as 11m) in compartmentalised 76 ISSUE 591 April 2021 Technology

Scarabee is available in three different versions

Independent steering rear InterviewInIntetervrvieiew wheels help in short U-turns

lowing very high speeds in all conditions (up to 130km/h), as well as exceptional acceleration capabilities. The V6 en- gine, due to its construction and its location at the rear of the vehicle, allows very quiet operation in hybrid mode. 100 per cent Electric Mode The Scarabee was presented publicly for the first time in its all-electric mode in October 2020 during the Arquus Days in Satory, France. Thanks to its 70kW hybrid engine, the vehicle offers the stealthiest acoustic footprint on the market when in 100 per cent electric mode. Its high-capacity (12kWh) li-ion batteries enable the Scarabee to travel the last kilometres to target silently and get as close as needed to the enemy without getting detected, both for reconnaissance and at- tack purposes. They also allow for very long, silent watches with all sys- tems on, including air conditioning. The Scarabee is thus able to approach, observe, analyse, and get back to safety before transmitting its reports to the commanding unit without starting the Diesel engine. These new capabilities completely redefine reconnaissance missions. The Scarabee’s highly efficient electric machine also means that the batteries can be recharged rapidly with environments such as woods or urban zones. Importantly, the thermal engine running idle with very little noise. such features also allow for crab-like movements, with the The high level of energy available also allows the use of rear axle parallel to the front while turning. That unique capa- high power-consuming systems, such as drones, laser des- bility allows to surge from cover and back without having to ignation systems, short range anti drone laser, radar, elec- manoeuvre, or to keep facing the enemy when moving to his tronic warfare systems or countermeasures. This power side. production and storage capacity will also enable installing A hydraulic cylinder, fitted with integrated sensors, controls the equipment of tomorrow, thus guaranteeing a long life the movements of the rear undercarriage. The design of this in service. function is the property of Arquus. If needed, the parallel hybrid drive also allows the combi- With its 300hp V6 diesel engine, the Scarabee benefits from nation of power of both engines in “boost mode” to accel- an exceptional power-to-weight ratio of 40hp per tonne, al- erate even faster to avoid an immediate threat, to get to 77

the objective or to bypass an enemy position. gramme. These remote controlled weapon stations equip The electric machine then offers a 100HP boost to the inter- the current and future Scorpion vehicles. HORNET provides nal combustion engine making this 8-tonne light armoured the main armament of the GRIFFON and the secondary ar- vehicle one of the fastest in the market. The choice of a hy- mament of the JAGUAR. brid system reduces the fuel consumption and cuts the need Among the different weapon models are the Hornet, the Hor- for logistics and maintenance. It offers redundancy, increas- net Lite and the Hornet S, i.e. a machine gunner station that ing survivability if one of the engines is hit. can be controlled from inside the vehicle. This equipment is High-Level Ballistic Protection manufactured in France. The current customer orders The Scarabee comes with a very high-level ballistic protec- place HORNET as one of the major remote weapon station tion for its class. The vehicle is built around a survivability cell suppliers. designed for the protection of the crew against all threats. Its The Hornet RCWS is equipped with superior ballistic protec- interior space is specifically designed to optimise communi- tion and an automatic smoke grenade launcher mounted on cation and collaboration within the crew. Depending on the an independent ring. With the addition of a gunfire locator, version, the Scarabee can accommodate 3 or 4 crew mem- the Hornet can automatically turn and face the threat, while bers, all able to communicate efficiently with each other, also engaging the smoke protection, when the Scarabee is through voice or through the built-in intercoms. illuminated by a laser rangefinder or a beam rider. As the The pilot is seated in a forward position to allow for excep- weapon axis and the smoke grenade axis are independent, tional, 200° visibility, enabling accurate spotting of the sur- the gunner can keep the weapon focused on the tactical mis- roundings, especially against IEDs. Visibility is even greater sion underway. with a combat system such as the HORNETRCWS, which en- The Scarabee offers unmatched versatility, making it the per- ables monitoring the environment with the highest accuracy fect tool for missions such as reconnaissance, tank guidance, both during the day and the night. hunter-killer, light cavalry, quick response force, anti-tank, The Scarabee is designed to accommodate the most ad- fire support, urban combat, and Special Forces. vanced C4ISR systems, allowing perfect integration into any Ready For Action combat unit or battle team. Designed as a combat vehicle, it Easy to steer thanks to its central driving position, its large can load a complete array of weapons. These systems range field of vision, its variable ground clearance, and its indepen- from small-calibre RCWS to 40mm grenade launchers and all dent rear axle, Scarabee is able to quickly and discreetly bring generations of missiles, from the Milan ATGM to the Missile the firepower needed. This concept car, developed on own Moyenne Portée, its state-of-the-art successor. It is specifi- funds, allows Arquus to test the technology of tomorrow in cally optimised to carry a Hornet range RCWS. real life. Different Weapon Models Reference Text/Photo: The Hornet remote controlled weapon stations range has www.arquus-defense.com been qualified by the French Army for the Scorpion pro- Photo: Nicolas Broquedis

Hydraulic cylinder controls movements of rear undercarriage 71

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