Index

A Activation Aarhus Convention, ,  –detectors, ,  Abrasive-blasting systems, ,  –library,  Abrasive water-jet cutting, , , – –neutrons,  Absolute error (of a measuring instrument),  –products, , , , –, , Absolute filter, ,  , , , , , ,  Absolutely constant elementary error, ,  –radioactivation, , , , , , Absolutely constant errors,  , ,  Absolute measurement error, ,  Acute radiation syndrome,  Absorbed dose, –, –, –, Adaptive mesh refinement (AMR),  , , –, , –, ,  Added mass, , , , , , , Absorber control cross,   Absorber follower,  –velocity fluctuation, – Absorber of variable strength, , –,  Additional protocol (AP), , , , , Absorbers, , , , , , –,  –,  Absorbing states,  Addition theorem, , ,  Absorption cross section, –, –, , Adiabatic approximation, –, , , , , , , , , , , ,  –, , , , , , ,  Adjoint, , , , , , , , , Absorption resonances, ,  –, , , , ,  Accelerated-driven systems (ADS), , , –angular flux, , –, ,  –, , , , , , , –boundary conditions, –,  ,  –cross sections,  Accelerators,,,–,,,,,–,,, –flux, , , , , , , ,  , ,  –functions, –, , , , , –cost, – , , ,  –requirements,  –models,  –targets, , ,  –multiplication factor,  Acceptable risk,  –operator, , , , ,  Acceptance criteria, , –, , , –problem, ,  ,  –sensitivity system, –, , , , Accident analysis, , – , ,  Accountancy, , –, , , –transport equation, , , –, – –,  Accounting and finance, ,  Adjoint sensitivity analysis procedure (ASAP), , Acid gel spraying,  –, –, –, ,  Acid mixture, , , ,  Adjunctons, ,  A-conjugate,  Admixed moderator, ,  Acoustic modes, – Advanced boiling water reactor (ABWR), , Actinide-BTP,  ,  Actinide carbides, , – Advanced fuel performance capability (AFPC), , Actinide fluorides,   Actinides, –, –, –, Advanced light water reactor (ALWR), , , –, –, , , , ,  , , , –, –, , Advanced power reactor  (APR), , , – –, ,  Actinides, major,  Advanced recycle reactors (ARR), , –, Activated structural materials,  ,   Index

Advanced Simulation and Computing Initiative –general design criteria, ,  (ASCI),  American Nuclear Society, , ,  Advection, , –, , , , , American Physical Society, – ,  Americium, , , , , , 

Advection upstream splitting method (AUSM), , Ammonium carbonate ((NH)CO ), , , , , , , ,  Ammonium citrate ((NH)HC HO),,, Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards,  , 

AEGIS, , , , , ,  Ammonium oxalate (NHC O), Aerosol emission, , , –, ,  Amorphization, –, –, ,  Aerosols, , , , , , , , Amorphous, , , ,  , , , –, , –, , Amplified source method (ASM), , – ,  Amplitude factor, – AETNA,  Amplitude function,  Ag, ,  AMPX code,  Age approximation, , –, ,  Analytical solution for  bands, – Age-diffusion equation,  Analytical solutions,  Agency, , , –, , ,  Analytic nodal method (ANM), , , , Age theory, , – – Age theory for a pulse,  AnC, 

Aggregate, , ,  AnC , AIC, ,  An C, AIC absorber, , ,  AnC−x , Airborne contamination, , –, , Angular current, ,  , , , , ,  Angular dependence, ,  Air streams,  Angular derivative,  Air ventilation system,  Angular-direction coordinate system, , ,  Al-alloys,  Angular distribution, , , –, , , ALARA concept,  , , , –, , –, –, Albedo, , , , , , , , , – –, , , , –, , , Angular fluence, , , ,  , , – Angularflux,–,,–,–, –approximations, – –, –, –, –, , , –boundary condition, , , , , , , , , , –, , , –, , , , , –, –,  –, , – –concept, , ,  Angular neutron density, – Alcohols,  Angular redistribution, , , , , ,  Algebraic collapsing acceleration, – Anharmonicity,  Alkaline permanganate (AP), , , Anisotropic,,,,,, –, –, ,  –scattering, , , , , , , , Alloy , ,  , , ,  Alpha-decay damage, , , – –sources, ,  Alpha emission,  Anisotropy in inelastic scattering, , ,  Alpha particle (or alpha radiation, alpha ray), , Annular core, ,  , ,  Annular tank,  Alpha-uranium metal, ,  ANOVA-like decompositions,  Alternating direction implicit (ADI),  ANSI/ANS-.-,  Am,  ANSI N.- criteria, , ,   Am,  Anthropomorphic phantoms, , , –, Ambient dose equivalent, , , – ,  Amdahl’s Law, – Anticipated operating occurrence (AOO), , American National Standard Nuclear Safety Criteria , ,  –condition I occurrences,  Anti-correlated, ,  –condition II occurrences,  APOLLO, , , ,  –condition III occurrences, ,  APOLLO- code, , , , , ,  –condition IV occurrences, ,  a posteriori estimation, , ,  –design requirements, – a posteriori probability,  Index 

Approximated area, , , ,  Auxiliary feed water system (AFWS), , , aprioriestimation, ,  aprioriprobability,,  Average chord length, –, – Aqueous reprocessing, , – Average cosine, , ,  Arcsaw,,,, Average cross sections, , , – Arnold and Dannels model, ,  Average shear stress τ, Asbestos, , , , ,  Away-from-reactor (AFR), ,  Askew cylinderization,  Axial, , , , –, , , , As low as reasonably achievable (ALARA), , , , , –, , , , ,,,,,, , , –, –, – Assembly, , , –, , , , –buckling,  , , , , –, , , –clad and wrapper expansion, , 

, , ,  –compression σa , Assembly discontinuity factors,  –expansion, , , ,  Assimilation, – Azimuthalangle,,,,,,,, Associated Legendre function, , – , , , –, –, –, –asymptotic series,  , –, , , , , , , –recursion relations,  , ,  –spherical functions integral indices Azimuthal symmetry,  –addition theorems,  –first kind,  B –first and second kind, –,  Back-end fuel cycle,  –hypergeometric functions,  Background cross section, –, , –, –Legendre polynomial,  –, , –, –, , –, –sectoral harmonics,  , –, , –, , , –tesseral harmonics,  –, , –, , , Asymptotic approximation,  –, , , , , ,  Asymptotic synthetic acceleration (ASA),  Background levels, –, , , ,  ATLAS, , ,  Backup pressure,  Atomic Energy Commission, –, , , Backward Euler method, ,  –,  Backward transport equation,  Atomic volume, , ,  Baer–Nunziato model, , ,  Atomization,  Banach space,  Atoms of nuclide,  Band cross sections, ,  At-reactor (AR), ,  Band parameters solution, – Attenuation, , , – Band probability, , , ,  Attenuation factor, , , , –, , Bandwidth, , –,  , ,  Bare critical mass, , ,  Auger electrons, , ,  Barnwell,  Augmented adjoint opera,  Barrier, , , , , , , , Augmented nonlinear large-scale systems,  , , , , , , , Augmented systems, – –, –, , , , , + AUSM scheme,  , , –, , , – + AUSM -up scheme,  Barrier (confinement). See Confinement barrier Austenitic SS Base cross section, , , , , , , –Burgers vectors,   –IASCC, ,  Basis elements,  –radiation induced segregation (RIS), – Bateman equation, –,  –segregation, , – Bateman method, , , –, ,  –yield strength, ,  Bayesian approach,  Authentication, , , –, , , Bayesian inference,  , ,  Bayesian interpretation,  Automated control stations,  Bayes’ theorem, , , , , , –, Automatic guided vehicles,  

Automatic power controller (APC), ,  BC absorber, , , ,  Auxiliary building, , ,  Beam-mode, , , ,   Index

Becquerel (Bq), , , , ,  Beyond design basis accidents (BDBA), , 

BeF –PuF system,  B heterogeneous streaming,  Bell factor, , –, , , ,  BHS transport approximation,  Benchmark blowdown experiment IC, , , Biasing parameters, , ,   Bi-CGSTAB,  Benchmarks,,,,, Bickleyfunctions,,,, –fast, , , –,  Bickley–Naylor function, , ,  –identifier, ,  Big Picture,  –thermal,,,– Bilinear form

Bending stress σb , , ,  –concomitant, , ,  B equations,  –quadratic form,  Berger form,  –second-degree multivariate polynomial,  Bernoulli Binomial likelihood function,  –numbers,  Biosphere, , , , , , –, –polynomials, ,  , , , ,  –trials,  Birnbaum importance,  Bessel coefficients,  BISO, ,  Bernoulli distribution,  Bis-triazinyl-pyridines (BTP), – Bernoulli trials, ,  Black body,  Bernoulli’s polynomials,  Black boundary collision probability, , , Bessel functions  –addition theorems and related series,  Black box,  –asymptotic expansions, large order, – Black limit, , , , , , ,  –asymptotic expansions, large variable,  Blackness of a cell,  –general order Blackness of region, ,  –first and second,  Blowdown pump,  –second kind,  BNL- report,  –third kind,  Boilers, ,  –integer order,  Boiling water reactors (BWR), , , , , –first kind,  , –, , –, , –, –modified ,  –first kind,  Boltzmann, ,  –third kind,  –constant,  –spherical,  –equation, –, , , , , , , –Wronskians,  ,  –zeros –transportequation,,,,,,, –first kind, – , , , , , ,  –second kind,  Bondarenko,  –third kind,  –method, , ,  Bessel functions, spherical, ,  –model, self-shielding,  Bessel’s inequality,  –type cross section library,  Basset’s function,  Bonnet, , ,  Best-estimate, – BONUS, , ,  –adjusted (calibrated) values,  Boolean algebra,  –codes, ,  Boraflex, ,  –predicted mean values,  Boric acid, , , , ,  –predicted parameters,  Boron (B), , , , , –, , , –upper,  , ,  –values, , , ,  –coefficient, – Best values, , ,  –rods, 

Betaeff , , , , , , , Boronized steel,  ,  Bottom grid, ,  Beta energy,  Bottom nozzle, , , –,  Beta function, – Boundary Beta particle (or beta radiation, beta ray), , –condition, –, –, –, –, ,  –, , , , , , , , , Index 

, –, –, , , , , –related data, , , – –, , , –, –,  –time, , –, , ,  –effects, – Butyl,  –functional, , ,  BWR instability, , , , –, –sources,–,,,,,,  Braggedges,,,,,, Bramblett–Czirr plate measurements, – C Branching ratio, , ,  Cable cutting,  Breeding (conversion) ratio, – CACTUS,  Briet–Wigner,  Cadmium (Cd), ,  –formalism, , ,  Cadmium measurements, ,  –multi level approximation, – Calandria, , , , , ,  –resonance, , ,  Calcium oxide,  –shape,  Calculation of phase diagrams (CALPHAD), –single level approximation,   Bremsstrahlung, , , , , –, Calutrons,  , , , ,  Cancer risks, – Broad-beam attenuation, – CANDU, , , – ψχ Broadening, – CANSTORE,  BROARDR,  Capacity factor, , , ,  BROND-.library,,, Capture, , , , , –,  Brownian motion,  –cross section, , , , , , , , Brute-force method,  , , , , ,  Bubble expansion rate,  –effect, – Bubbling chutes,  –gamma photons, , , , –, Buckling,,–,,,,,, , , –,  , , , – Carbides, , , , –, –, Buffer zone, , , –,   Building structures,  Carbon-carbon composites,  Buildup factors, , –, , , , Carbonitrides,  , , ,  Carbothermal reduction, – Bulk spectrum analysis,  Carbuncle phenomenon, – Bundle counter (BC), , – Carlvikns two-term rational approximation, , Burgersvectors,,,,,,,, , ,  Burnable, ,  -D Cartesian geometry, –,  –absorber, , , , , , , , CASCAD,  , , , , , –, , Case matrix, , – , ,  Cash flow, ,  –poison, , , , , –, , CASMO, , , , ,  , , , , , , , , CASMO-,  , , , –, , , , CASTOR, –,  , , , , , ,  Catching chambers, ,  –poison nuclides, ,  CATHARE, , , , ,  Burn-up (or burn-up fraction, burn-up rate), Cauchy distribution,  –, , –, , , , , Cauchy sequence, ,  –, , –, , –, Cauchy–Schwartz inequality, ,  –, , , , , , , Cavity flooding system (CFS),  , –, , ,  CCCC,  –calculation, , , –, , , , CCCP, –,  – Cell homogenization,  –chain, , , , , , , –, Cell numbers, – –, –, , , , ,  Cell types, , –,  –equation, , –, –, , , CENDL- library,  –, , , ,  Central limit theorem, , , ,  –matrix, , , , , –, , Central tube, , , ,  – Centroid, ,   Index

Ceramic metal (CERMET) Chromium-molybdenum steel, ,  –composition, ,  Chromosome abnormalities, ,  –fuel pellets,  Circulation loop, , , , , , , Ceramics , , , , , 

–antisite,  Citric acid (CHO), , , , , , –charge defect,   –fuel, ,  Clad/cladding, , –, , , , , , –nuclear reaction control,  , , , , , , , , , , , –silicon carbide,  , –, –, –, , Certificate for Disposal,  , , , , , –, , Cesium, ,  –, , , ,   CFR , ,  Cleanup (radioactive), ,   CFR , –, ,  Clearance limits, , (AU: Found only as clearance  CFR ,  limits)  CFR ,  Cm, , ,  CFX,  CM-lab Jacobian,  Chain reaction,  Coarse grain parallel computing, –,  Channel, , , , ,  Coarse mesh, , , , , – –radius, ,  –finite difference, – –spin, ,  –rebalance (CMR), , , , – Chapman–Jouguet detonation,  Coated fuel particle, 

Chapman–Kolmogorov equations,  CO blasting, – Characteristics-based flux splitting, – Code scaling and applicability uncertainty (CSAU), Characteristics-based matching (CBM) method,   Code verification, ,  Characteristics equation, , , –, Co-extraction of MA, Ln,  –,  Co-extraction process (COEX),  Characteristic speed, , ,  Coherent elastic scattering, , –,  Characteristic X rays, – Coherent scattering, –, , , , , Charged particle equilibrium, ,  ,  Chebyschev Collision density,  –acceleration,  Collision probability (CP), –, , , –polynomials,  –, –, , –, –, Chebyshev or-norm,  –, , –, , , , , Chebyshev polynomials normalized,  , –, –, , , ,  Chebyshev polynomials Tn (x) and Un (x) –matrix,  –of first kind,  –methods, , – –generating functions,  –normalization condition, , , , , –recursion formulas,  ,  –of second kind,  Column matrix,  –special cases,  Column vector, , ,  Chebyshev’s theorem, ,  Combined licenses (COLs),  Checker-board loading pattern, ,  Combined measurement, ,  Chemical and volume control, , –, Combining modes,   Communication graph,  Chemical gels,  Compaction, , , , , , , Chemical oxidation reduction decontamination , , , , ,  (CORD), ,  Competitive width, , ,  χ of the calibration, ,  Complete orthonormal set,  χ -distribution,  Completion theorem,  χ per degree of freedom, ,  Component/coordinate,  Chipping hammers, ,  Compound nucleus, –, , , , –, –, Chlorophenyl,  –,,–,,,,, Choppers, ,  Compound nucleus reactions, , ,  Chord average model, ,  Compressed-air, , , , , , , Chord distribution function, ,  –,  Index 

Compressible fluid, , , , , , Control element drive mechanism (CEDM),  – Compressible particle, , –, –, Control experiment,   Controlrod,–,,,,,, Compton interactions,  , , , , –, , , Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), , , , , , , , , , – ,  Computational solutions,  Control rod clusters,  Computer size and power,  Control Rod Programming (CRP), –, , Concrete, –, –, , –, , , , , , ,  –, , , –, , , Control valves, ,  –, –, –, , , , Conventional core, –, ,  , , , , , –, , , Convergence, , , , , , , , ,  –, , ,  Concrete spaller,  –angular flux, – Condensation scheme, –, , –, –criterion, ,  , , ,  –multiplication factor, – Condenser, , ,  –scalar flux, , , ,  Conditionally constant elementary error (of a Conveyors, ,  measurement),  Coolant, , , , –, –, , Conditionally constant errors, –,  , , , , , – Conditioning (of radioactive waste), , , –cleaning,  ,  –flow, , ,  Confinement barrier (or containment barrier), Cooling calculation, – , , – Cooperative Project on Decommissioning (CPD), Congenital abnormalities, ,   Conservation equation, ,  Core barrel, , –, , , , Conservation laws, , , , , ,  , ,  Conserved variables, ,  –bottom, , – Consistency indicator, ,  –vibrations, , – Consistent-P approximation,  Core damage frequency (CDF),  Constant interpolation, ,  Core neutron power,  Constantreactionrate,,, Core ratings, ,  Constant systematic error,  Core simulation, – Constitutive laws, –,  CORRAL code,  CONSTOR, – Correction factors, , , , , , Constrained minimization problem,   Consumable electrode, –, –, Correlated distribution, , , – –, – Correlated energy-angle distributions,  Contact-arc metal cutting, – Correlated systematic,  Containment barrier. See Confinement barrier Correlated/uncorrelated, , ,  Containment filtered vent system (CFVS),  Correlation ratio-based methods, , ,  Contaminated area,  Correlations common errors,  Contamination (radioactive). See Radioactive Corrosion products,  contamination Cosine angular distribution,  Continuous cumulative angular,  Cost breakdown structure (CBS), – Continuous energy, –, , , , ,  Cost estimation, , , , , , , Continuous-energy problem, , ,  , , –, , , , , Continuous slowing down, , , ,  , – Continuum inelastic scattering,  Cost values,  Control blade cells, meshing,  Counter-current,  Contours of constant best-estimate uncertainties, Coupled sets,  high-dimensional parameter-space,  Coupling calculation, , –, , , Control blade coefficient,  –, ,  Control blade history coefficient, ,  Courant–Friedrichs–Lax (CFL) condition, , Control cell core, , , –, ,  , ,   Index

Covariance, , , , , , , , Cut thickness, , , –, –, , , , –, , , , , , ,  –, ,  Cutting speed, , , –, –, –actinides, – , , , , , ,  –data,,,,,,,, Cycle energy, , –, –, , –fast neutrons, – , ,  –library, – Cycle energy production, , , , , –matrix, , , , , –, , ,  , , , , , ,  Cyclic tracking, , –,  –methodology, – Cycling scheme table, –, ,  –resonances, , –, –, , , Cyclohexano,   Cylindrical coordinates, ,  CPM,  Cylindrical geometry, , , –, CRC Handbook of Nuclear Reactors Calculations, –,   Cylindrical symmetry, ,  Credit burn up, –, , , ,  Cylindrical variables,  Criticality, , , , , –, , , Cylindrical vessel,  , , , , , , , , , ,  D –axial compressive stress σa−cr,, Dancoff correction/factor, , , , , –bending stress σb−cr, ,  –, , , , , , , , –eigenvalue,  –, , –, , , , , –group, , , ,  , , , , , , –,

–shear stress τcr, , – –testing, –, – –coolant accident, loss,  Cross-contamination, , , , , , –deterministic safety analysis,   –engineered safety features, ,  Crosssection,,,–,–,,, –epistemic uncertainty,  , , , –,  –multiple barriers,  –(n,n), –, , ,  –physical barriers, – –(n,n), , ,  –quality assurance, ,  –flux dependence, –,  –reactor coolant system, ,  –laboratories, – –reactor protection system,  –library, –, –, , , , –safety assessment,  –, , , , , , , Data adjustment, , , ,  , , , , , , , Data assimilation, – ,  Data consistency, , – –measurements, – Datalibrary,,,,,,,, –processing, –, – Data parallel, , –, , ,  –processing code, ,  Data processing codes, ,  –references, , , , , , , ,  Data validation,  Cross Section Evaluation Working Group (CSEWG), Darboux–Christoffel formula,  , , ,  DCHAIN,  Crowdion, crystals,  DDREF, ,  Crystallographic structure factor, ,  Deactivation phase,  Crystallographictexture,,,,,,, Dead band, ,   Deaerator, – CSISRS compilation, , , ,  Debris-filter, ,  Cultural factors, ,  de Broglie wave length, , ,  Cumulative angular distribution,  Debye–Waller coefficient, ,  Cumulative probability density function,  Decay, , , , , , , , , Cumulative yield,  –, , , , , , , , Curium, , , , , ,  , –, –, –, , Curved OAT,  , , , – Curvilinear geometries, ,  –constant, , , , , , ,  Curvilinear variables,  –data,,,–,,,,, Index 

–heat, –, , ,  Design points, ,  –radioactive, , , , –, , Destructive assay (DA), –, –, , , , , , , , ,  , , , , , ,  Detail balance, , , , ,  Decay ratio (DR), – Detection equipment, –, –, Decisiontheory,,–,,  DECOHA, , – Detergent, , , , , –, Decommissioningcosts,,,,,, –,  –,  Deterministic, , , – Decommissioning Project Manager (DPM), , –effects, – , , , –, – –methods, , ,  DECON, , , ,  –solution,  Decontamination, , –, , , , Diagnostic X-ray,  , , , –, , , Diagonally dominant,  –, , , , , , , , Diagonalmatrix,,,,,,,, , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  –, , , , –, Diagonal transport approximation,  –, , , ,  Diamide DMDOHEMA,  –factor, , , , –, , , Diamide extraction (DIAMEX), ,  , ,  Diamond, , , ,  –radioactive (see Radioactive decontamination) –differencing scheme, , , , , , Deductive statistics,  , ,  Deep dose equivalent index, –, ,  –saws, – Deep geological disposal (of radioactive waste). See Diethylhexylphosphoric acid (HDEHP),  Disposal (of radioactive waste) Differential angular distributions,  Defense-in-depth (DID), –, , , , Differential cross section,  , , , , , , , , Differential formulation, ,  –, , – Differential scattering cross section, , , , –coolant accident, loss,  ,  –deterministic safety analysis,  Diffuser, ,  –emergency core cooling system,  Diffusion, , , , , –, ,  –engineered safety features, ,  –ballistic,  –epistemic uncertainty,  –coefficient, , , , , , , , –multiple barriers,  , –, , , ,  –physical barriers, – –creep,  –quality assurance, ,  –equation, –, , , –, , –reactor coolant system, ,  –, ,  –reactor protection system,  –phase transformation, – –safety assessment,  –singularity,  Degree of belief, , , , ,  –theory, , , –, –, Delayed activity, –,  – Delayed fission source,  –thermal diffusion, , ,  Delayed neutron, , , , –, , , , –type spectrum,  , , , , , , , , , Diffusion-synthetic acceleration (DSA), , , ,   –fission spectrum, , ,  Diffusive translational modes, ,  –fraction, , , , ,  Digital technology,  –testing,  Dimethyl-dioctyl-hexylethoxy malonamide DeMoivre–Laplace theorem,  (DMDOHEMA), ,  ′ ′ Density functional theory (DFT), ,  N,N -Dimethyl-N,N -dibutyltetradecyl-,- Dependency graph,  malonamide (DMDBTDMA), Depletion chains, , ,   Depressurization, ,  Dini expansion,  Design basis earthquake (DBE), ,  Di-octylhexylethoxy,  Design calculation, – Dirac delta function, , , , , , , Design of experiments, – , ,   Index

Direct containment heating (DCH), , ,  Divalent, , ,  Direct cycle, , , , ,  Diven factor, ,  Direct disposal, ,  Divergence theorem, , ,  Direct effect term, , ,  Divertor, ,  Direct integration, – DMDCHMA,  Directional derivative,  DMDPhMA,  Directional diffusion coefficients,  Domain decomposition, , , , , , Directional dose equivalent,   Directioncosines,,,,–,,, DOORS, ,  , , , , –, , ,  Doppler Direct measurements, –,  –broadening,,,,,,,,, Direct numerical simulation (DNS), , – , , , , –, , , , , Direct reactions, , , –,   "Direct" sub-group approach,  –calculation,  Direct sum,  –coefficient, ,  Direct-use material, , – –constant, , ,  Direct vessel injection (DVI), , , ,  –effect, ,  Dirichlet problem generalized,  –width, , –,  Discharge burnup. See Burn-up (or burn-up Dose, , –, , , , , , fraction, burn-up rate) , –, –, –,  Discrete dislocation dynamics (DDD), , , –conversion coefficient, , , –,  –, , ,  Discrete inelastic scattering, ,  –conversion factor, –, , , Discrete ordinates, , , , , , , –, ,  ,  –and dose rate correction factor,  Discrete ordinates method, –, , , –equivalent, –, –, –, – , , –, , , ,  Discrete oscillators, , , , , , ,  Dose-response relationships,  Discrimination threshold,  Dosimetry, , , –, –, , Dislocation channeling,  , , ,  Dislocation dynamics (DD),  Double-ended guillotine break, , , , Dislocation loops, , , , –, , ,  , , , , , –, , ,  Double-envelope containment,  Dislocationnetwork,,,,,,, Double heterogeneity effect,   Double-strata concept, ,  Dispersed phase stress, ,  Doubling time, , , –,  Disperse media,  Dp acceleration,  Displacement DRAGON,  –cascade, , – Drill and spall, , –,  –cross section, , ,  Drilling, , , , , , , , –energy, , , , , ,  ,  production (DPA), – Drying/calcination, ,  Dissipation rate, –, , ,  Dry shielded canister (DSC), ,  Dissipative model, – Dry storage, ,  Distant energies, ,  Dry storage for spent CANDU fuel,  Distributed computing, , ,  DTF format, ,  Distributed control system (DCS), , – Dual discretization, ,  Distributed memory, , , , , , Dual-time depletion method,  , , , ,  Ductile-brittle transition temperature (DBTT), , Distribution, –, –, , , , –,  , , , –, , , , , Ductility, , , –, , , , , , , ,  , ,  –coefficient, Kd, , , ,  Dumbbell, – –functions, ,  Dust explosions,  DIT,  Dynamic effects,  Dithiophosphinic acids,  Dynamics of interface, – Index 

E Elastic down scatter, – EBR-II, , ,  Elastic interaction, , , , , , ,  EDA code, , ,  Elastic neutron scattering,  Effect bound to leakages,  Electrical discharge machining technique, Effective cross section, , –, , , , –,  , –, , –, , , , Electrical resistivity,  , –, , –, , , Electric generators,  , , , –, , –, , Electrochemical LOMI ion exchange (ELOMIX), –, ,   Effective delayed neutron fraction, , , , Electrodialysis,   Electron capture,  Effective dose equivalent, , , , ,  f electron shell,  ,  Electronic structure (ES), –, , , Effective energy release,   Effective heat conductivity,  Electropolishing, , –, –,  Effective microscopic cross sections, , , , Electrorefining, , , –, ,  , , ,  Elementary effect,  Effective multiplication factor, , –, , Elementary error (of a measurement), ,  ,  Embarrassingly parallel, , ,  Effective scattering radius,  Embedded atom method,  Effective temperature, , , , – Embedding (of radioactive waste), , ,  Effective viscosity, ,  Emergency boron injection system,  Effective width,  Emergency core cooling system (ECCS), , , Effluents, , –, , , , , , ,  , , ,  Emergency diesel generators (EDGs), , , Egelstaff, ,  ,  Eigenfunction, , , , , , , Emergency feedwater system,  ,  Emergency gas removal system, , ,  Eigenfunctions for a slab,  Emergency power supply system, ,  Eigenmode, ,  Emergency programme,  Eigenproblem,,,, EMPIRE code, , , , , , ,  Eigensolutions,  Encapsulation (of radioactive waste). See Eigenspectrum, ,  Embedding (of radioactive waste) Eigenvalues, , , , , –, , , End effectors,  , ,  –grippers,  –and eigenfunctions, – ENDF/B format, –, , –, –, –and eigenvectors ,  –algebraic multiplicity, ,  ENDF/B pre-processing codes,  –characteristic equation, ,  ENDF/B-VII, , , , , , , , , –characteristic polynomial,  , –, , , , , –, , –characteristic roots,  ,  –characteristic values, ,  ENDF/B-VII. library, –, , , , , –characteristic vectors,  –, , , , , , , , –, –diagonalizable,  –, , , , , –, –,  –distinct eigenvalues, ,  ENDF fission-product data, ,  –linearly independent,  ENDFformat,,,,,,, –multiple eigenvalues,  ENDF- format, , , , , , –, , –nondiagonalizable,   –nonsemi-simple,  Endothermic reactions,  –null space,  Energetic self-shielding effect, ,  –secular equation,  Energy absorption coefficient,  –semi-simple,  Energy collapsing, ,  –spectral radius,  Energy condensation, –, , –,  –spectrum of A,  Energy-dependent diffusion equation, ,  Eigenvalue temporal,  Energy-dependent Watt spectrum,  Einstein oscillator, ,  Energy deposition rate,   Index

Energy distributions, , , , , –, –measurement error, ,  , , , – –measurement, pairs,  Energy exchange,  –single measurements,  Energygroups,,,–,,,, –standards, detector calibration,  , , , , , , –, , , Escapecrosssection,,,,,,, , , , , ,  –, , , , ,  Energy group structure, , , –, –, Escape probability, , , , –, , , , –, , , , , , –, , , , , , , , , , –, , , , , , , , –,  , , , –,  ESPROSE-D,  Energy imparted, – Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), , Energy loss in elastic scattering, , , ,  , , , , ,  Energy release per fission, , ,  Euclidian or -norm,  Energy Reorganization Act,  Euler equation, , , , ,  Energy self shielding,  Euler method, –, , ,  Energy transfer coefficient,  EuropeanCommission(EC),,,, Engineered safety feature actuation system (ESFAS), European Facility for Industrial Transmutation , ,  (EFIT), core design, – Enhanced neutron current method, , , , European lead-cooled system (ELSY), core design, – – ENRESA,,, Evaluated data library, , , ,  Enthalpy rise (radial) peaking factor,  Evaluated nuclear database, ,  ENTOMB,  Evaluated Nuclear Data File (ENDF), , , , Entombment, , , ,  , , , , , , , , , , Entropy balance, ,   Entropy fix,  Evaporation spectrum,  Environmental factors, , , ,  Evolution equations Environmental impact assessment (EIA), , –internal energy,  , – –total energy,  Environmental indicators,  Excess reactivity, ,  Environmental sampling, , , , , Exchanges at interface, ,  – Ex-core detector, – Environmental surveillance, – EXFOR library, , ,  EOLE, –, , –, , Exhaust system,  –, , –, , , , Existence, uniqueness, and non-negativity of , , ,  transport solutions,  Epistemic uncertainties, , ,  Exothermic reactions,  Epithermal, ,  Expansive grout, –,  EPRICELL,  EXPOKIT,  Equal angles, –, , ,  Exponential attenuation, , , ,  Equally probable angular bins,  Exponential function, , ,  Equal weights, –, , , ,  Exponential integral, , ,  Equilibrium emission,  External envelope, , , ,  Equilibrium solution,  External region, , –, – Equivalence theory, , –, , –, External sinking fund,  , , , –, , , –, External source, , , , ,  –, , , , , ,  Exutory, , , , –, –, Equivalence theory, lattice system, –,  ,  Equivalent homogeneous system, , –, Ex-vessel cooling (EVC),  , , , , ,  ERC assembly, , –, – F ERC (emergency reactor control) drives, , , Face-centered cubic,   Factorial design (FD), ,  Errors, , , –, , , , , Factorial geometry,  , –, , , , , Failure (or hazard) rate,  – False-alarm, ,  Index 

False convergence, , ,  –energy, –,  Fast burn-up reactor,  –evaluation, –, , , , , , , Fast flux test facility (FFTF),  , ,  Fast neutron fluence,  –gas production,  Fast neutron reactor (or fast reactors), , , –gas retention,  , ,  –neutrons, , , , , , , , Fast neutrons, –, –, –, , , , , , , , , –, , –,   Fast reactor fuel assembly, ,  –process, , , ,  Fast region, ,  –product gamma photons, – Faucet problem, , – –product gamma rays, – Feature sensitivity analysis, ,  –product yield, – Features, Events, and Processes (FEPs), , , –source, , , , , , , , ,  , –, , , – Feedfuel,,,,,,,, –source iteration,  , , , , , ,  –spectrum, , , , , , , , , Feedstock, ,  , –, , –, , , , Feedwater loss,  , , ,  Feedwater pumps (FWPs), , , , , –yield, , –, , , , , , ,  ,  Fermiage,,,,– Fission products (FPs), , –, –, , , Ferric sulphate (Fe (SO)),, , , –, , , , , , , Fertile, , , , ,  , , , , –, –, , –blanket,  , , , , , , –, –nuclide,  , –, –, –, , Fick law, – , –, , –, – Figure of merit (FOM), , , – Fissions per initial metal atom (FIMA),  File format,  Fitting method, – Filtration, , , , , , , , , Fitt’s problem, , , –, –,  , ,  Flame cutting, –, –,  Final-time value problem,  Flame gouging, ,  Fine grain parallel computing, –, , Flat flux approximation, , , ,   Flat leakage approximation,  Fine mesh, , –, , , , –, Flightpath,,–, , , ,  Floor shaver, – Finite-difference method, , , , , , Flora and fauna, , , , ,  , , –, ,  Flow,,–,,,,,, Finite-element method (FEM), , , , , , , ,  –,  –pattern,  Fire protection, , , –, – –rate, , , ,  First-flight reflection probability,  –regime,  First-order numerical solution,  –velocity, – First-order reliability methods (FORM), ,  Fluence rate, ,  First-order sensitivity index, ,  FLUENT,  Fissile nuclides, –, –,  Fluid cement,  Fission, , –, , , , , , –, Fluidic device (FD), , , , ,  , –, , , , , , Fluid-induced stress, ,  , , , , –, , , Fluorescence, , , ,  , , , , –, –, Fluorescent radiation,  , , , , , , , , Fluoroboric acid (HBF),, , , , – Flurigscheme,,, –barrier,,,,, Flux, , , , ,  –chambers, , –, – –calculator, , – –chi,  –factorization, – –cross section, , , , , , , –independent neutron source,  , , ,  –initialization, ,   Index

–per unit lethargy, , – Fractile,  –volume weighted, , , , , , Fractional factorial design (FFD), ,  , ,  Fréchet derivative,  Flux difference splitting (FDS) method, , , Fréchet differential, – , ,  Fréchet partial differential,  Flux vector splitting (FVS) method, , ,  Fréchet variations, – Fly ash,  Fredholm alternative theorem, – Flynn’s classification, ,  Free atom cross section, ,  FOM. See Figure of merit Free defects,  Force constant model, ,  Free flight kernel, ,  Forced cooling,  Free gas, , , , , , , , ,  Forensics, , – Free OAT,  Formal accuracy,  Frenkel pair, –, , ,  Formal adjoint, ,  Frequency distribution, , , – Formation energy, , , ,  Friction wear,  Form factors, ,  Fuel, –, –, , , –, Forward eigenfunction,  , –, , , , , , Forward sensitivity analysis procedure (FSAP), , –, –, –, , , , ,  – Forward sensitivity equations (FSE), , , –batch, ,   –burn-up,  Forward sensitivity system, , , ,  –burn-up fractions,  Forward transport equation, , , , , , –channels, –,   –cycle, –, –, , , , Forward variational tangent model,  ,  Foundation plate,  –element, –, , , –, , Fourier amplitude sensitivity test (FAST), , , , , ,  ,  –expansion, , , ,  Fourier coefficients, ,  –irradiation, ,  Fourier expansion –lump, –, , , , , , –Fourier coefficients, , , ,  –, –, –, , , –spectral expansion of z, , , , , ,  Fourier–Bessel expansion,  –LWR spent fuel, , , , –, Fourier series, – , ,  Fourier transform,  –naturaluranium,,,,,, Fourier transforms  –angular frequency,  –pellet, ,  (see also Pellet, fuel) –continuous time,  –region, –, ,  –convolution theorem,  –reserves,  –discrete convolution theorem,  –rod, , , , –, , –discrete time,  –,  –Fourier series, – –sodium, clad or wrapper calculation,  –inverse transform,  –thorium and depleted uranium,  –least squares property,  Fuel assembly (FA), , , –, , , –linearity,  , –, , , , , , , –norm, ,  , , , , –, –, –orthogonal system, ,  , –, , , , ,  –orthonormal system, ,  Fuel-coolant interaction,  –rotational frequency,  Fuel performance capability (FPC), , , –shifting property,   –spectral representation,  Fuel temperature coefficient, , , ,  –stretching property,  Fuel-to-fuel, and moderator-to-fuel collision –time reversal property,  probabilities,  Fourth-order Runge-Kutta method, , , , Fugacity (for a gaseous substance),  ,  Full-core calculation, , , –,  FPs. See Fission products Fully shielded condition, ,  Index 

Functional analysis –identity operator,  –adjoint operators,  –injective, – –adjoint matrices,  –is injective but not surjective,  –bi-orthogonal,  –not injective,  –dual, ,  –null space,  –Hermitian, ,  –operator from ς,, –normal, ,  –point spectrum,  –orthonormal basis, ,  –residual spectrum,  –positive definite, ,  –resolvent set,  –positive semidefinite, ,  –spectrum,  –unitary, – –surjective, ,  –adjoint unbounded linear operator –unbounded, ,  –formal adjoint operator,  –optimization –self-adjoint,  –absolute,  –bilinear form, – –constrained minimization,  –chainrule,, –global minimum,  –complete, ,  –local minimum,  –conjugate indices,  –necessary condition,  –continuous at point, ,  –relative,  –derivatives, – –strict global minimum,  –differential operator,  –strict local minimum,  –differentials, – –sufficient condition,  –directional continuity,  –unconstrained minimization,  –directional derivative, ,  –orthonormal basis –F-derivative, ,  –nondegenerate,  –F-differential,  –orthogonal coordinate,  –first derivative –orthogonalization, ,  –matrix-valued function, scalar,  –orthogonal matrix,  –matrix-valued function, trace, – –unitary, ,  –scalar-valued function, matrix,  –unitary matrix,  –first variations,  –partial differential equation,  Dirichlet problem generalized,  –principal part,  –formal adjoint, – –second variation,  –formally self-adjoint,  –separate continuity,  –formal ordinary differential operator,  –sequence space, ,  –formal partial differential operator l, –sup norm, ,  –G-derivative,  –total,  –G-differential,  –totally,  –gradient, – –uniformly continuous, ,  –Hessian, – –vector space, bounded continuous complex –inner product,  valued functions,  –Jacobian,  –weak derivative,  –joint continuity,  Functional decomposition, – –multi-index,  Function of presence, ,  –normed vector space, – Fundamental mode, , , ,  –vector, norm,  –equation, , , , , ,  –operator, function, functional –rebalancing, , –,  –bijective, – –shape,,,,, –bounded on,  Fundamental solution, , , ,  –characteristic functions,  Fusion neutrons, – –characteristic space,  Fusion reactors, , , ,  –characteristic value,  –blanket, , – –continuous spectrum,  –first wall, ,  –eigenfunctions,  –tritium breeding,  –eigenspace,  Fussell–Vesely,  –eigenvalue,  Fussell–Vesely importance,   Index

G Gegenbauer polynomials normalized,  Gadolinia-bearing fuel, , , , , Geiger-Muller (GM) detector,  – Gelation,  Gadolinium depletion, asymmetry effect, – GELINA,,,,– Gaerttner LINAC Laboratory, , – GEM*STAR, – Gamma, , , , , , , , –accelerator parameters,  , , –,  –burnup calculations, – –cross section library, ,  –core geometry, ,  –cross sections, , –, , –costs, , –, , –, ,  , , , – –detectors, ,  –fuels, , –, , , –, –energy, , ,  , , , –, –, –energy deposition, –,  –, – –function, – –cycle, , ,  –asymptotic expansions,  –equilibration, , , ,  –Legendre’s formula,  –graphite corrections, 

–ionisation chambers, , – –keff calculation, , , , ,  –measurement, , ,  –multiplier(energy),  –radiation (or gamma rays), , , –performance, , , , –, –,  , –, , ,  –ray sources, , –, ,  –proliferation issues,  –spectroscopy,  –reactor parameters, – –spectrum analysis, ,  –system integration, – –transport calculation, –, , ,  GENEPI,  Gaseous radioactive wastes, ,  General design criteria, , ,  Gas-filled detectors,  –engineering judgment,  Gas flames, ,  Generalized feedback shift register (GFSR), GASKET,   Gas pressure, , , –, –, Generalized geometry, ,  –,  Generalized sub-group cross sections,  Gas temperature, , , , , , , Generalized zeta and Riemann’s zeta functions – –asymptotic expansion,  Gâteaux derivative,  Generation III, , , , ,  Gâteaux-derivatives, , ,  Generation III working assembly,  Gâteaux differentiable,  Generation IV, , , , ,  Gâteaux differential, ,  Generation IV (Gen IV) International Forum (GIF), Gâteaux-differential, , , , , , ,  ,  Generic geometric and design features, – Gâteaux partial differential,  Genetic algorithms (GAs), , , , , Gâteaux variation,  , – Gauss multiplication formula,  Genetic effects, , –,  Gauss’ theorem, ,  Genetic risks, ,  Gaussian approximation,  Geological repository. See Disposal (of radioactive Gaussian elimination,  waste) Gaussian prior distribution,  Geometric attenuation,  Gaussian quadratures, , ,  Geometric phantoms, , , – Gaussian white noise,  Geometric progression, –,  Gauss–Legendre quadrature, , , , , , Geosphere, , , , , , –, ,  ,  Gauss–Lobatto quadrature,  GH MLBW method,  Gauss–Seidel scheme,  Gibbs relation, ,  Gd O burnable absorber,  Glass box testing,  Gegenbauer polynomials Global adjoint sensitivity analysis procedure –recursion formulas,  (GASAP),  –special cases, – Global nuclear energy partnership (GNEP), , –summation theorem,   Index 

Global OAT, , ,  Hammering effect, , ,  Global sensitivity analysis,  Hankel functions,  Glovebox, ,  Hausdorff moments problem,  GMRES(m), ,  Hausert–Feshbach model, , –, –,  GM tube,  Hazardous materials, , , , , , GNASH code, , , ,   Godunov method, –,  Head-end conversion, – Goldstein’s work on intermediate resonances,  Health physics, , –, , , Government Performance and Results Act,   Grammian matrix,  Heat exchanger, –,  Granularity,  Heat transfer, –, , , ,  Graphical processor unit (GPU), , ,  Heat transfer function H,  Graphite,,–,,,,,–, Heat transport , , – –cladding,  –anisotropy, ,  –cladding to pellet,  –form factor,  –coolant, – –moderation, ,  –fuel pellet, – –new measurements, , ,  –gap conductance,  –sleeves,  Heavy ions, , , , ,  –temperature dependence,  Heavy nuclides, , , , , , , , Grapples,  , , , , , –, , , Green’sfunction,,,,–,,,  , , –, , ,  Heavy reflector, –,  –Green’s functions, , ,  Heavywater,,,–,,,,, Grid calculation,  ,  Grid expansion, –,  Heavy water cooled reactor, ,  Grinding technique, , , , –, Heavy water moderated, , ,  ,  Heavy water reactors (HWR), , , , , Grinding + binder,  ,  Grit blasting, , –, – HELIOS, , , , ,  Groundwater, , , ,  HELIOS-,  Group collapse,  –Heliumbubbles,,,, Group cross sections,  –production, , ,  Grouped separation, minor actinides,  Hankel functions, first and second,  Group fluxes, –,  Hereditary effects,  Group ordering,  Hereditary illness, , , –,  GROUPR module, – Hermitian matrix, , ,  Group screening designs,  Hermite polynomials, normalized,  Group theory, – Hermitepolynomials,,,, Group-to-group source,  –asymptotic representation,  GTsN-M reactor coolant pumps,  –generating function,  GUARDIAN, ,  –inequalities,  Guide channel,  –recursion formulas,  Guillotine saw, – –special cases,  Gypsum wallboard,  Heterogeneous fuel arrangement,  Heterogeneous isolated system, – H Heterogeneous systems, –, –, , H-, , , ,   H-, , ,  Heterogenous media, –,  Haar measure,  HEU downblend,  Habit planes,  Hexagonal geometry,  Hafnium absorber, ,  Hexagonal grid, ,  Half-life (radioactive), , , –, , Hexamethylenetetramine,  , –, , ,  Hexamethylenetriamine,  Half-value thickness, ,  Hafnium (Hf),  Hamilton–Cayley theorem,  H-factor,   Index

High burn up, ,  Hyperbolicity, , –, –, , High burnup structure , –, , , , , , , –characteristics, –  –modelling of, – Hyperbolic system, , ,  High-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) vacuum Hyperstoichiometry,  cleaners, ,  Hypostoichiometry,  High flux reactor (HFR) Petten, ,  High-level waste (HLW), , , , , I , , –, , , , , I&C safety system, ,  ,  Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL), Highly enriched uranium (HEU), ,   High performance computing, – Identification matrix,  High-pressure emergency cooling system, , IDX,  ,  Ill-posedness, , ,  High pressure melt ejection (HPME),  Immediate dismantling, , , , , , Hilbert spaces, , , , ,   –complete with respect to the norm,  Immiscibility gap,  –orthonormal,  Immobilization (of radioactive waste). See Hindered rotations, ,  Embedding (of radioactive waste) Histogram smoothing,  Implicit Continuous-Fluid Eulerian (ICE), ,  Historical boron concentration, – Importance function, , –, , ,  Historical moderator temperature, – Importancesampling,,,– Historical void, –, , ,  Improved Plutonium Canister Assay System Hölder or-norm, ,  (iPCAS), –,  Hölder vector norm,  Inaccuracy (of a measurement),  Homogeneity distribution factor, HD,  Incineration, , , , ,  Homogeneous fuel arrangement,  Incoherent scattering, – Homogeneous system, , –, , –, –cross section,  , , , –, , , , , –elastic, , ,  , , , , , , , , , Incoming current, , , , , ,   Incomplete information, , , ,  Homogenous function,  Inconsistent-P approximation,  Horizontal storage module (HSM), ,  In-containment refueling water storage tank Horizontal type steam generators, ,  (IRWST), , , , , , , HPC. See High performance computing , ,  HST- critical assembly,  Incore instrumentation detectors (ICID),  Human factors, , , , –, In-core nuclear fuel management, , –, – , –, – Human factors engineering (HFE), , – Independent measurements,  Human–machine interfaces, ,  Independent yields,  Hybrid,,,,–,,,, Indices of performance,  , ,  Indirect effect term, ,  –approach for dispersed mixture, – Indirect measurements, , – –(symmetry-breaking) model, – Indirect-use material, – Hydraulic cutting techniques Indium (In), , , ,  –abrasive water jet, –,  Inductive inference,  –high pressure water jets, ,  Industrial safety, , –, ,  –water jet, , ,  Inelastic competition,  Hydroblasting, –,  Inelastic interaction, – Hydrocarbons, , , ,  Inelastic neutron scattering, –,  Hydrochemical,  Inelastic scattering, , , , , ,  Hydrochloric acid (HCl), , , , Inert matrix fuel (IMF), , , , ,   Infiltration methods,  Hydrogen igniters, , ,  Infinitedilution,,,,,,, Hydrogen peroxide (HO ),, Infinitelattice,,,, Hydrotests,  Infinitely dilute, ,  Index 

Infinite multiplication factor, , , , , Intermediate resonances, –  Intermediate rod, ,  Infinite spectrum, ,  Intermediate scattering function,  Inflection point,  Intermolecular coherence, ,  Inflow transport approximation,  Internal conversion,  Information entropy,  Internal diameter, ,  Information theory, , ,  Internal envelope,  Initial flux guess, ,  Internal neutron source, , ,  Initial-value problem,  Internal region, , , ,  Injection casting,  International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), , Injection jet, – , , –, , –, , Inner iterations, , –, , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  , –, –, –, , Inner product, , , , , ,  , , –, , , , , –additive,  ,  –commutative,  –goal, , , ,  –homogeneous,  –report INSAG-,  –positive definite,  –safety standards,  In situ leaching,  –transport regulations,  Inspection periscopes,  International Criticality System Benchmark Instantaneous void, –, ,  Experiment Program (ICSBEP),  Instant Released Fraction (IRF), , , , International nuclear event scale (INES),   International Space Station,  Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inter-phase energy exchange, ,   Interphase force, , , , ,  Instrumental measurement errors,  Interpolation error, ,  Instrumentation and control (I&C) systems, Interpolation of self-shielding factor table, –, , , , – – Integral data, , ,  Intrinsic error, ,  Integral experiments, ,  Invariance, change of evidence,  Integral equation for the scalar flux, – Inventory (of radionuclides). See Radionuclide Integral fast reactor (IFR), , –,  inventory Integral fuel burnable absorber (IFBA) pellets, Inventory difference (ID), , , , ,  , , , – Integral transport equation, , – In-vessel retention (IVR), ,  Integrated absorptions, ,  Ion-exchange, , , , –, , Integrated current,  ,  Integrated Engineering Test (IET),  Ionizing radiation, , , ,  Integrated fissions,  IREN, , , – Integrated flux, –, , , ,  IR parameter, , , –,  Integrated head assembly (IHA), , ,  Irradiationcreep,,,,,–, Integrated in-scattering,  –, , ,  Integrated neutron leakage,  –bias, , ,  Integrated neutron production,  –climb and glide, ,  Integrated out-scattering,  –climb velocity,  Integro-differential equation, , , ,  –creep rate, –, ,  Interaction cross section, , ,  Irradiation damage, –, , –, Interface-indicator function,  –,  Interfacial pressure, , , , ,  Irradiation embrittlement, , , , –, Interference effect, –, , , , ,   Irradiationhardening,,,,,– Interim inventory verification (IIV),  Irregularly inherited traits, ,  Intermediate heat exchanger (IHX),  IRWST sparger, ,  Intermediate resonance (IR) approximation, , Isoshield,  –. See also Narrow resonance (NR) Isotopes, , –, , , , , approximation   Index

Iterated fractional factorial design (IFFD), , Kori unit ,   Kronecker symbol,  Iterative methods, ,  Krylov methods,  Krylov subspace method, , , –, , J  Jvalues, Kudankulam NPP, ,  Jacket, , , –,  Kurtosis, ,  Jacket-free fuel assemblies,  Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute Jackhammer, , , ,  (KURRI), , , – Jacobi polynomials normalized,  Jacobian matrix, , ,  L Japanese evaluated nuclear data library (JENDL), Lagrange’s method , ,  –Lagrange multipliers,  JEFF, ,  –Lagrangian functional,  JEFF-. library, , , , , , , , , –Lagrange multipliers, –, , , , –, ,   Jeffreys’ prior,  Lagrangian FEM, , – JENDL-. library, , , , , , , , , Laguerre polynomials normalized,  , , , – Laguerre polynomials JNDC nuclear data library of fission products,  –asymptotic behaviour,  Joyo fast neutron flux reactor,  –recursion formulas,  JRC-IRMM, , , – –special cases,  Jules Horowitz reactor, , , –, LANCER,   LANCER, , , , , , , , ,  K Land and soil, , , ,  k∞,, Land use, , , , , , , , KACHINA,   KALMANcode,, Langevin technique, , 

k-effective (keff), , , , , , , LANSCE,,,– , ,  Lanthanide fission products, , ,  –for fission, ,  Lanthanide series,  –for production, ,  Laplace equation,  k−eigenvalue,  Laplace operator, , ,  Kelvin fluid impulse, , , ,  Large-scale discontinuity (LSD), ,  Kernel broadening, , , – Laser, , , , , ,  Kernels safety graded,  Laser cutting, , –,  Kerosene, ,  Latinhypercubesampling,,,–, Key measurement points (KMPs), ,   Key performance indicators (KPI), ,  Lattice K-FIX,  –calculation, , , , , , ,  Kinetic approximations, , –, , , –physics, ,   –physics code, –, , , , , Kinetic energy, , ,  –, , , –, –, , , Kinetic energy, balance, ,  , , , , , , , , , Kinetic energy released in materials (KERMA), , , , , , –, , , , , –, –, , , , , , , , , , , , , –, ,  –, , , ,  Kinetic measurement,  –system, –, –, –, Kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) method, ,   Kinetics equations,  LBRF. See Line-beam response function Kinetic theory model, – Leaching, , , , , , , , Knurl tube cutter,  ,  Kolmogorov’s expansion, , , – Lead, , –, , , , , , Korean Utility Requirement Document (KURD), , , , , , , , –, , , , ,   Index  compressibility,  –grain boundary diffusion, – –critical constants,  –resolution,  –density,  –trapping,  –electric resistivity,  –fuel –heat capacity,  –fabrication,  –vaporisation heat,  –pellet-cladding mechanical interaction, –melting, latent heat,  – –melting point,  –pellet-coolant interaction, – –normal boiling point,  –stress corrosion cracking, – –saturation vapour pressure,  –thermal conductivity, –, – –sound velocity,  –heat transfer, – –surface tension,  –lattice,–, –thermal conductivity,  –loss-of-coolant accidents –thermal diffusivity, – –high burnup, – –thermal expansion, – –safety criteria, – –viscosity,  –mechanical behaviour, – –volume change at melting,  –elastic strain,  Lead slowing-down spectrometer, , –, ,  –nuclide evolution,  Least square fitting, , ,  –reactivity-initiated accidents, – Legendre, , , , ,  –safety criteria, – –angular flux moment,  Lindeberg condition,  –moment, flux, , –, ,  Linear Boltzmann equation, – –polynomial, , , , , , , , Linear characteristic (LC) scheme,  , , , , ,  Linear combination, , , , , , ,  –quadrature set,  –linearly dependent,  Legendre polynomials normalized,  –linearly independent,  Legendre polynomials, ,  Linear energy transfer (LET), –, , –generating function,  –, ,  –inequalities,  Linear function, ,  –integrals, – Linear interaction coefficient, ,  –recurrence relations,  Linearized Boltzmann equation, , , ,  –summations and series,  Linearized burnup chains, ,  LEOPARD,  Linearly anisotropic flux approximation,  LET. See Linear energy transfer Linearly interpolable data, , , , –, Lethal dose, ,  , , –, , –, , , , , Level-symmetric quadratures, – , ,  Levine factors,  Linear operator, ,  Library Linear power, , , ,  –access,  Linear surface characteristic (LSC) scheme,  –ENDF/B-VII., –, , , , , –, Linear systems, – , , , , , , , –, –, Linear system solution , , , , –, –,  –consistent system,  –JEFF-., , , , , , , , , , –determined,  –, ,  –full rank,  –JENDL-., , , , , , , , , –homogeneous system,  , , , – –inconsistent,  License termination plan (LTP), ,  –non-homogeneous system,  Licensing process,  –over-determined,  Life extension,  –rank deficient,  Life-time extension,  –under-determined,  LiF–NaF–BeF –PuF , Linear transformation technique, , , , , Light nuclei, , , , , –,  , , , , ,  Light water reactor (LWR) Linear vector space –fission gas behaviour, – –associative,  –atomic diffusion, – –boundary point,  –bubble migration,  –closed under addition,   Index

–commutative,  Mach number, –, , , , –distributivity,  –, , , , , , , –finite dimensional,   –finite-dimensional vector space, dimension n, Mach split function, , ,   Macro-band, –,  –infinite dimensional, ,  Macroscopic cross section, , , , , , –interior point,   –interior S o of S, MACSTORE,  –neighborhood,  MA extraction, , 

–open,  Magnesium aluminate spinel (MgAl O),, –sequence space, ,  ,  –square summable,  Magnesium oxide (MgO), , , ,  Line-beam response function (LBRF), , Magnetic bearings,  –,  Main control room (MCR), –, , Line equation, ,  –, , , –,  Line integral,  Main feedwater system, , , – Line source, –, – Main gate valve (MGV), , , ,  Liquid,,,,,,,,, Main steam header (MSH), , ,  –filtration systems,  Main steam isolation valves (MSIVs),  –radioactive waste collection,  Main steam line system, , ,  –secondary wastes, , ,  Main steam supply system (MSSS),  –wastes,,,,,,–, Makeup deaerator,  , ,  Malonamides, ,  Liquid-liquid reductive extraction, , Manhattan or -norm,  – Man machine interface (MMI), ,  Lithium, , , – Man-machine system,  Livolant acceleration,  Markov model, , , ,  Load balancing, –, ,  Markovchains,,,, Load factor,  Marshak boundary condition, , , , , Load follow, , ,   Local importance function transform,  Martensite,  Localizing systems, –, – Mass distribution,  Local parameters,  Mass distribution coefficients,  Local sensitivity analysis, –, –, Mass exchange, , , , –, , , ,   Location parameter, ,  Mass flow rate, – London’s Imperial College,  Mass inventory, –,  Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), , Mass matrix, ,  ,  Mass scaling,  Loss function, , ,  Master equation, , , , –, , Loss of coolant accident (LOCA), , , , , ,  –, , –, , , , MA stripping,  , , , , , –, , MASURCA, , , , , , , , , ,  –, –,  Low enriched, , , , ,  Material attenuation, , , ,  Lower grid,  Material attractiveness, –,  Lower triangular matrix, , ,  Materialbalancearea(MBA),,,, Lower uncertainty bands,  , , , , ,  Low oxidation-state metal ion (LOMI), , Material balance period (MBP),  – Material control and accountability (MC&A), , Low-pressure emergency cooling system, ,  , ,  LWRWIMS, ,  Material ordering,  Material protection, control and accounting M (MPC&A),  MA-bearing carbides,  Materials, , –, , –, MacFarlane–Boicourt method (), NJOY code,  –, , , , , , , Index 

–, , –, –, , Measuring instrument, , –, , , –, , , , , , – – –characterization,  Measuring standard,  –regions,,,,,,,, Mellin convolution,  , , , , –, , , Mellin transform,  ,  MELOX,  Material sciences, , , , – Meltdown, ,  Material testing reactor (MTR), , , , Membrane separation,   Mesh-centered finite-difference, , –, , Material unaccounted for (MUF), , , ,  , ,  Mesh-corner-finite differences, –, ,  Mathematical adjoint, ,  Mesh subdivisions, , , –, ,  Mathematical optimization, , –,  Mesoscale, , , ,  Matrix decomposition method, , –,  Message passing, , , , ,  Matrix exponential method, , –, , Message passing interface (MPI), , , , ,  ,  Matrix-matrix product Metal fuels, , , , –, , –commuting,  , ,  –inner product,  Metallic bonds,  –outer product,  Metallic composite materials,  –permutable,  Metallic fuel, , , , ,  –scalar times a vector,  Metallic shield materials,  MATXS, –, , ,  Method of characteristics (MoC), –, , MATXSR,  –, , , , , , , , Maximum entropy principle, –, ,  –, , , , , , , , Maximum flowrate,  , , , , , –, ,  Maximum fraction of average power ratio to the Method of collision probabilities, , , , limiting value (MAPRAT),  –, , , , , , , Maximum fraction of limiting critical power ratio –, ,  (MFLCPR),  Method of propagation of errors, , ,  Maximum fraction of limiting power density Methodological errors,  (MFLPD),  MF-ICE/MAC,  Maxwell–Boltzmann energy distribution, , , Micro-reversibility principle, ,  ,  Microscale conservation equations,  Maxwell–Boltzmann flux shape,  Microscopic cross sections, , , , , , Maxwell gas model,  , , , , , , , , , , MBANISN (MultiBand ANISN), a variant of ,  ANISN,  Microscopic data, , ,  McMillan method,  Microshield,  MCNP,–,,,,,,,, MIDAS facility, ,  , , , , , , , , , Milling technique, , –, , , ,  –,  MCNP, neutron transport issues,  Milling cutter, – MC - quadrature scheme,  Mill tailings,  Mean chord length, , ,  MIMD. See Multiple Instruction, Multiple Data Mean-free-path, , –, , , , , streams , , , , , , , , , MINERVE, , , , –, –, –, , , , , , , , , , , –, –, , , , ,  , , , , ,  Mean number of secondary neutrons,  Minkowski inequality, ,  Mean pressure, –,  Minor actinides (MA), , –, , –, Mean value, , , , , –, , , –, , , , , , ,  –, , , , , , , Measurable quantity, , ,  , , –, , –,  Measurement, accuracy,  MINX(),, Measurement equation,  MINX’s successor NJOY (),   Index

Mitigation measures, , , – Monte Carlo method functional,  Mixed-dual variational formulation,  codes, –, ,  Mixed oxide fuel. See Mixed oxides (MOX) –discrete ordinates,  Mixed oxides (MOX), , –, , , –method,–,,,,,,,   Mixed uranium-plutonium oxide (MOX), , Moore–Penrose generalized inverse, –,  , , –, , , , , –range space, ,  ,  MOSAIK,  MMIS, – MOx, , , –, , –, Mobile equipment, ,  –, , , , , , , MoC. See Method of characteristics , , ,  Mock-ups, –, , , –, , MPI. See Message passing interface , , , , ,  MPMD. See Multiple program multiple data Model MUFT,  –calibration, – Multiband equations, – –extrapolation, , , , ,  Multiband method, , , , , , , , –qualification,  –, , ,  –validation, , , – Multiband parameters, –, , , ,  –verification, , , , ,  Multi-channel analysers, , – MODER,  Multicore architecture,  Moderator system, –,  Multigroup, , , , , , –, , Moderator temperature coefficient (MTC), , –, –, , , –, –, –, , , , –,  –, , , , , , , , , , Modified embedded atom method (MEAM),  , , , , ,  Modified source multiplication method, , , –approximation, , , , , , – – Moisture-separator reheater (MSR), , –crosssections,,–,,,,, – –, , , , , , ,  Molecular aggregates,  –discretization, – Molecular dynamics (MD), , , , , , –fission source,   –flux, ,  –computations, –, ,  –vs. MonteCarlo,,, –interatomic potential, ,  –transport equations, – Molten chloride, –,  Multilayer perceptrons,  Molten lithium chloride,  Multilevel Breit–tWigner, , – Molten salt electrorefining, ,  Multilevel energy representation,  Molten salt fuel, ,  Multi-objective optimization, , , ,  Molten salt reactor experiment (MSRE), –, Multiphase flows, general formulation, –  Multiple determination coefficient,  Molten salt reactors, , , ,  Multiple direct measurements, ,  Molten salt transmutation reactor (MSTR),  Multiple instruction, multiple data streams Molybdenum,  (MIMD), – Moment method, , –, ,  Multiple measurements, , ,  Moment of a cross section, , ,  Multiple program multiple data (MPMD), Moment theorems, ,  –,  Momentum exchange,  Multiplication constant,  Monazite (RE, An) PO, Multiplying system, –, ,  Monoacid HEDTA,  Multi-scale Simulation Code-SIM (MuSiC-SIM), Monoenergetic, –, , , , , , ,  , ,  MVP-BURN, –, , , ,  –fast neutron facilities, – –neutron transport equation, – N Monotonicity preserving, ,  Nanoscale, , ,  MonteCarlo(MC),,,–,–,, Narrow resonance, , , , ,  , , , , , , , , , Narrow resonance (NR) approximation, , , , , , , –,  , , , , , , –, , , Index 

, , , , , , , , , –induced photon production, , – , , , , , , , , , –moderators,  – –multiplicity, , – Narrow resonance infinite mass (NRIM) –noise, –, –, , –, approximation,  –, , –, , , , NASA PSA Procedures Guide, ,  – National Aeronautics and Space Administration, –noise simulator, , , , , ,  ,  National Nuclear Data Center, ,  –poisoning,  Natural materials, – –scattering, , , , –, , , ,  Natural nuclear reactor,  –shielding, –, , , – Navier–Stokes equations, ,  –slowingdown,,,,,–, Near-real-time accounting (NRTA), , , –, , , , , , , , ,  , ,  Needle scaling, –, , – –sources, –, , , , ,  Negative definite, ,  –spectrum, , , , , , , , , Negative semi-definite,  ,  Neptunium, , , , , , ,  –speed, ,  Net current, ,  –standards, ,  Net neutron in-current,  –streaming, – Net particle flow,  –transport, – Net positive suction head (NPSH),  –velocity,  Neumann’s function,  Neutronic current,  Neutron, –, –, , , , , , , Neutronics, , –, , ,  , , , , , , , , , , Neutron noise simulator, , , , , , , –, , , , , , , , , ,  , , , – Neutron’s-eye-view,  –absorption, , –, , , , Neutron time of flight method, , , , , – , ,  Neutron transport equation limitations, – –accelerator sources, –, , , Nikolaev and Phillipov for neutrons,  , , , ,  Nikolaev’s, “all the way” method,  –activation, ,  Nil ductility reference temperature (RTNDT),  –albedos, , , –, ,  NIS, , , , , –, , , –attenuation, , , – , , ,  –capture, , , , –, , , , , Nitric acid (HNO ), , , –, , , , ,  , , , , –,  –cross sections, – Nitric acid electrolytes, , ,  –current,  Nitride fuels, ,  –current method, , , – Nitrides, –, –, , ,  –data for actinides, , – Nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA),  –density distribution, –,  Nitrogen, , , , ,  –diffusion equation, , , – Nitrogen benchmark blowdown experiment,  –dose, ,  NJOY,,,,,,,,,, –economy , , , , , , –, , , –control rods,  , , , , , ,  –fission products, , , , , NJOYprocessingcode,–,,,,  Nodal balance equation, , ,  –graphite (see Graphite) Nodal collocation method,  –fluctuations, –, , , ,  Nodal infinite multiplication factor,  –flux, , , , , , , , , , Noise and vibrations, , , , –, , , , , –, –, , ,  , , , , –, , , , Noise source, , –, –, –, , , ,  , , , , , ,  –distribution,  Nominal parameter values, , , , , –harmonics,  , , , , , , , , –fusion sources,    Index

Nominal values, , , , , , , Nuclear model codes, advances,  , , , , , , , –, Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty,  , , , –, ,  Nuclear plants, – Non-coincident group boundaries, – Nuclear propulsion, ,  Non-condensable gases,  Nuclear reaction model, –, , , ,  Nondestructive assay, –, –, , Nuclear reactor kinetics,  , ,  Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), , Non-integer moments,  –, –, , , , , Nonlinear functional, ,  –, , , ,  Nonproliferation Impact Assessment (NPIA), Nuclear waste, – – Nuclide identifiers, –,  Nordheim equation,  Null/zero matrix, ,  Norm Null/zero vector, ,  –direction cosines,  Number albedo,  –distance between two vectors,  Number field, ,  –energy norm,  Numerical algorithm verification (NAV), ,  –equivalent,  Numerical error estimation,  –finite-dimensional Euclidean space,  NUPEC, – –floating point operations (FLOP),  NUREG,  –homogeneous,  NUREG-, ,  –normed vector space, , – NUREG-,  –parallelogram identity,  Nusselt correlation,  –positive definite,  Nuteck horizontal modular storage (NUHOMS), –triangle inquality, , ,  – –unit vector,  Nu-value and fission spectrum, – Normal distribution, , , , , , ,  O Normalization condition,  Oblique beams, – Normal operating conditions,  Occupancy factor,  Novovoronesh NPP,  Occupational risks,  Np, ,  Off-line,  NPP- design, ,  –decontamination,  nPr-BTP, ,  –with foresight,  NR. See Narrow resonance One-at-a-time (OAT), , – NRIM approximation,  One-over-E,  N-reactor,  One-speed approximation, ,  N-streaming,  One-speed transport equation, , , , N-terms rational approximations, –, , – , , , ,  One-speed primal functional, ,  n_TOF CERN, , , – Onion-skin effect, , – Nubar, –, , , ,  "On-line" decontamination,  Nuclear data evaluation, – On-load refueling,  Nucleardatafiles,,,–,, OpenMP, , , , , ,  Nuclear data library, , , , – Operating basis earthquake (OBE), ,  Nuclear data processing,  Operating cycle, , ,  Nuclear data processing codes, , –,  Operating experience, , , , , , Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA), , , , ,  , , – Operating lifetime, , , , ,  Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI), ,  Operation and Maintenance (O&M) costs,  Nuclear energy systems, ,  Operational reliability,  Nuclear fission related problems,  Operational waste,  Nuclear fuel management, – Operation monitoring (OM),  Nuclear heating, – Operations on matrices Nuclear Island (NI), ,  –addition(summation), –,  Nuclear Management and Resources Council,  –inner product,  Nuclear material, , – –matrix-vector product,  Index 

–scalar multiplication, ,  –waste, , , , , , , , –sum/difference, ,  , , , , –, ,  Optical depth,  Padé approximation, , , , –,  Optical distance, , , , ,  Paired OAT,  Optical model, , –, , , ,  Pair of distinct trials,  Optical modes,  Palletizing robots,  Optical reciprocity relationship, ,  PANACEA,  Optimized polar quadratures, , ,  PARAGON,  Optimized power reactor  (OPR), Parallel programming, , , , , , – , , – Orbital cutters, – Parameter importance ranking table (PIRT), , ORELA, , , –  Organic acid electrolytes,  Parameter variations, , –, , , Organic solvents, ,  , , , –, , , , , ORIGEN, , , , ,   ORNL, –, –, , , , Parseval’s equality,  ,  Parseval’s identity, ,  Orthogonal complement, ,  Parseval’s theorem,  Orthogonality,  Particle, –, –, , , , , , –mutually orthogonal,  , , , , , , , , , –orthonormal set,  , , , , , , , , –two vectors,  , ,  Orthogonal matrix, , , , , ,  –balance absorption,  Orthogonal polynomials,  –conservation, , , ,  –recursion formula,  –deformation, , – –system of orthogonal polynomials, – –flux, , , , ,  –weight function,  –pressure, ,  Orthonormal basis, , ,  –stress, , , ,  Oscillation technique, , , , , –stresslet, ,  –, ,  –velocity fluctuations, ,  Oscillator energies,  PARTISN, ,  Osher-Chakravarthy TVD method,  Partition function,  Outer iterations, , , , ,  Partitioning and transmutation (P&T), , , Outerproduct,,,,,,, , , , ,  Outgoing current, , ,  Passive autocatalytic recombiners (PARs), , Out-of-core nuclear fuel management, –,  – Passive emergency core cooling system, ,  Out-of-service state,  Passive nondestructive assay (PANDA),  Over the top method (OTM), –,  Path length density,  Oxalic acid (C HO), , , , , , Paving breakers, –,  –, – Peak check technique, – Oxide fuels, , , –, –, Peierls’ equation,  , , – Pellet, –, –, , –,  Oxy-arccutting,–, –fuel, , , –, ,  oxygen jet cutting, –,  –infiltration technique,  Oxygen lances, , ,  Pellet-cladding interaction (PCI),  Penalty function, , ,  P Periodic boundaries, ,  ΨFunction Periodic boundary conditions, , , ,  –asymptotic expansion,  Periodic errors,  –gamma function, logarithmic derivative,  Perkins and Giles (), CLYDE code,  Package, , , , , , , , Permissible doses, ,  , , , –, , –, Permutation matrix, , – , , –, , , , , Personal errors, ,  , –, , ,  Personnel organization,  –spent fuel, , , , , ,  Perturbation theory,   Index

Petroleum ethers,  Plutonium and uranium refining by extraction PGV- horizontal steam generators, , (PUREX), , , , , –,  ,  Phase diagrams Plutonium Inventory Measurement System (PIMS), –ab-initio, ,  , –

–amorphous transformation, , ,  Pn method, –,  –ballistic mixing, ,  Pohang neutron facility (PNF), , , – –clustering, –, –, , ,  Point defects (PD), , , , –, –, –disorder,  ,  –equilibrium phase diagrams,  Point-Kernel, , –, , –,  Phase field (PF), , ,  Point-kinetic approximation,  Phase-indicator function,  Point kinetics equations, , , , – Phase shifts, , ,  Point model, ,  Phase space, ,  Point reactor approximation, – Phase space density,  Point-to-point,  Phasic stress, , , ,  Poisson distribution, –, ,  Phénix reactor, , , ,  Polar angle, , , , , , , , PHOENICS,  , –, , , , , –,  PHOENIX, ,  Polar directions of motion, , , , ,  Phonon, , ,  Polar integration,  –density of states,  Population and the economy, – –dispersion curves,  Population density,  –expansion, –, , ,  Porter–Thomas distribution, –

Phosphoric acid (HPO), , , , , Position and time correlation function,  , , , , , ,  Positive definite, –, , , , , , Phosphoric acid electrolytes,  , , , , , ,  Photon, – Positive semi-definite, , , ,  attenuation, –, , ,  Positivity preserving, ,  –and electrons, – Posterior distribution,  Photoneutron production, ,  Post-irradiation examination (PIE), , ,  Physical inventory verification (PIV), , , Post Shutdown Decommissioning Activity Report ,  (PSDAR), ,  Physical protection,  Postulated accident, , , , , 

Physical quantities, , , ,  Potassium dichromate (K Cr O), Physical security, ,  Potassium hydroxide (KOH), , 

Pilot operated safety relief valves (POSRVs), , Potassium permanganate (KMnO ),,, , , ,   Planar symmetry, ,  Potential scattering cross sections, , , , Plane sources, –, , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,   Plasma-arc, ,  Powder cutting,  –cutting, , – Powder injection flame cutting, –,  –cutting torch,  Powder metallurgy, , – –gouging, , , ,  Power factor,  Plasma circular saw, –,  Powergovernor(PG), Plasma compass saw, –,  Power normalization, , , , – Plate glass,  Power operated relief valves (PORVs),  Plenum,  Power peaking, –, , –, , Plexiglas, ,  , ,  PLUS, , , , , ,  Power reactor, –, , , ,  Plutonium, , , , , , , , Power reactor noise, –  PRA policy statement, – –commercial-Pu, ,  Prandtl’s relation,  –denaturing,  Precursor densities, , , , –, , –disposition,  , ,  –weapons-Pu, , , – Predictive best-estimate parameters,  Index 

Predictive estimation (PE), , , , , –event tree, –, , –, , , ,  ,  Predictor-corrector method, –,  –expert judgment, , ,  Preequilibrium emission,  –failure data,  Preequilibrium model, – –failure modes and effects analysis,  PREPRO,,, –fault trees, –, , , –, Pressure, ,  ,  –head, max,  –fault trees and event trees, –,  –relief tower, , – –frequency-consequence (F-C) curve,  –tube, , , ,  –human–machine interface,  –vessel, , , , , , , –, –individual plant examination, external events, ,  – Pressurized heavy water reactor (PHWR), , –initiating events, –, , , , , , ,  , , –, –,  Pressurized water reactor (PWR), , , , , –inspections, tests, analyses, and acceptance –, , , , , , , –, criteria,  , , , , , –, , , –interim reliability evaluation program,  , , , , , , ,  –large early release frequency, , , , Pressurizer, , , –, , , , ,  , , –, ,  –licensee event reports,  Prestressed concrete, –,  –logic modeling, –, – Price-Anderson Act,  –loss of fluid tests, – Primal discretization,  –maintenance rule Primal–dual agreement,  – CFR .,  Primary circuit, , , –, –, –non-safety-related SSCs, ,  –, , ,  –safety-related, ,  Primary knocked-on atom (pka), –, , –master logic diagrams, ,   –minimal cut-sets, , ,  Primary masses, –,  –reactor operators,  Primary standard,  –Regulatory Guide ., ,  Primitive variables, , , ,  –release categories, – Principal axis,  –risk achievement worth,  Principal/main diagonal, , ,  –risk informed regulation, , –,  Prior probability distribution, ,  –requests for additional information,  Probabilistic risk assessment (PRA), , –risk reduction worth, ,  –,  –safe design, – Probabilistic safety assessment (PSA), –, –safety analysis reports, ,   –safety goals –acceptance criteria, ,  –coredamagefrequency, –accident sequence precursor (ASP) program, –large release frequency,   –quantitative health objectives,  –anticipated transients without scram,  –sensitivity analysis, , –,  –common cause failures, , , , , –sodium-cooled fast reactor,  , –, , , ,  –software reliability,  –conditional containment failure probability, –technical specifications ,  –allowed outage times,  –core damage frequency, , ,  –consolidated line item improvements –data analysis, ,  process,  –dependent failure analysis, ,  –limiting conditions for operation,  –design basis events, ,  –risk-informed technical specifications,  –dynamic analyses,  –safety evaluation report,  –dynamic methodologies,  –standard technical specifications,  –dynamic process system reliability and safety –surveillance requirements,  analysis,  –three mile island accident, – –emergency operating procedures,  –uncertainty analysis, –, , –engineered safety features,  –,   Index

–WASH-, ,  –parameter, , –, , , –, , –WASH-, , –,   Probability, –, , , , , , , –population,  , , , –, –, –, –random variable, , –, – –, , , , , , –, –statistically independent,  , , , , , –, –, –student’s t-distribution,  , –, , ,  –subjective, – –density function, , ,  –subjective inductive reasoning,  –distribution, ,  –three axioms, ,  –distribution for total, ,  –variance, standard deviation, covariance and –table(s), , ,  correlation –table approach, , , –, , –central limit theorem,   –conditional covariance,  Probability theory –conditional density,  –A.Kolmogorov, ,  –conditional expectation,  –axiom I (existence),  –conditional mean,  –axiom II (additivity),  –correlation coefficients, – –axiom III (normalization),  –correlations, – –beta distribution, ,  –covariances, –,  –binomial and multinomial distributions, –degeneracy,  – –errors, –,  –central limit theorem, , , – –fractional error matrix,  –chi-square (χ )-distribution, ,  –fully anti-correlated,  –conditional probability, , –,  –fully-correlated,  –continuous uniform distribution, – –kurtosis,  –degenerate distribution,  –law of iterated expectations,  –discrete uniform distribution,  –leptokurtic,  –expectations and moments –mesokurtic, ,  –central moments, ,  –minimum variance theorem,  –crude moments,  –moment generating function (MGF), , –mean values,   –mixed central moments,  –nondegenerate,  –moment of order,  –platykurtic, ,  –moments about origin,  –relative covariance matrix,  –moments about the mean,  –scaling, ,  –raw, ,  –skewness,  –standard deviation,  –translation theorem, ,  –variance,  –waiting time,  –zeroth-order moment,  Processing of nuclear data,  –exponential distribution, , ,  Process monitoring, , , , , –F-distribution,  –,  –few-parameter distribution and Pearson’s Production, , , , , – equation,  –bias,  –finite random variables,  –cross section, , , , , ,  –gamma distribution, ,  Product quadrature, ,  –Gaussian distribution, –,  Product rules,  –geometric distribution,  Programmable logic controller (PLC),  –infinite discrete random variables,  Progressing errors,  –log-normal distribution, – Project control,  –multivariate normal distribution, – “Projected” PC (PPC) methods,  –multivariate probability distributions Projected ratio, ,  –conditional probability,  Projected track segment,  –marginal probability density,  Projection pursuit algorithms,  –probability density function, ,  Project management, , , , , , –negative binomial (Pascal) distribution,  , , , , , , ,  –non-denumerable random variables,  Project risk management (PRM),  Index 

Prompt fission, , , – Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC),  –gamma photons, – Quasi-conservative form, – –spectrum,  Quasi-random errors, ,  Prompt neutron fission spectrum,  Qvalue,–, Prompt neutrons,  Propagation of errors, –, ,  R Propagation of moments, , , , , Radial clad and wrapper expansion,  ,  Radial expansion, , ,  Proper orthogonal decomposition,  Radiation field, –, , , –, Protective clothing, , , ,  ,  Protective tube unit (PTU), , , , , Radiation hardening , ,  –channels,  PSA applications guide, – –dislocations, – PSA quality, ,  –ductility, ,  Pseudo-elastic peak,  –strain hardening, ,  Pseudo fission products, , ,  –yield strength, ,  Pseudo-transport equation,  Radiation induced conductivity, – Pseudo-turbulent Radiation induced electrical degradation,  –kinetic energy, , , , , –, Radiation output factor,  , , , ,  Radiation Protection Standards, – –velocity fluctuation, , ,  Radiation Safety Information Computational Center Pu evaluation, – (RSICC),,,,, PUFF processing code,  Radiation streaming, , – Pulsated neutron generator,  Radiation weighting factors, , ,  Pumping power, , ,  Radiation yield,  Purely random errors, ,  Radiative capture, ,  Purely scattering medium,  Radioactive cleanup, ,  PWR oxidative decontamination (POD), Radioactive contamination, ,  – Radioactive decay, , –, , , Pyrocarbon, , , , ,  , , , , , , , , Pyrochemical,  , , , ,  –processes, ,  Radioactive decay constant,  –separation, ,  Radioactive decontamination, ,  Pyrochemistry, –,  Radioactive dust,  Pyrochlores,  Radioactive half-life. See Half-life (radioactive) Pyrometallurgy,  Radioactive inventory, , , , , , Pyrophoricity, , ,   Pyro-reprocessing, , , , ,  Radioactive waste, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Q –, – QAD, ,  –disposal, ,  Quadratically interpolable,  –storage, , ,  Quadratic-leakage approximation,  Radiological emergency, , ,  Quadratic loss, , ,  Radiological impact assessment, , , Quadrature ball, ,  – Quadrature set, , , , –, , Radiological inventory, , ,  , , , – Radiological protection, , , , ,  Quality assurance (QA), , , , , , Radiolysis, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  –, , , ,  –boron, ,  Quantity Criterion, Quality control criterion, –BWR, –,  – –free radicals, ,  Quality factor, , , –, ,  –generation rates,  Quantity Criterion, Quantitative model –hydrogen water chemistry,  extrapolation, ,  –linear density of energy deposition rate (LET), Quantum mechanical (QM), ,  ,   Index

–PWR,  Ray tracing, , , , , , –, –spurs, ,  , , , –,  Radiolytic species,  RBE. See Relative biological effectiveness Radiometric, , , , ,  Reaction channel,  Radiometric measurements,  Reaction cross section, ,  Radionuclide inventory, , , – Reaction rate distributions, , ,  Radionuclides, , –, , –, (α,n) Reactions, – –, , , , , –, Reaction yield,  , , , –, , –, Reactivity, , –, , –, –, –, –, , –, –, –, –, , , , – –, –, –, –, Radiotoxicity, , , , , –, –, , , , , –, , , , , ,  – Radiotoxicity potential, , ,  –control systems,  Radiotoxicity (potential). See Potential radiotoxicity –measurement methods,  Random error, –, , ,  –peak,  –measurement,  –swing,  –and "systematic" errors, , , –, Reactor,,,,,,,,,,– – –breeder reactors, , , –, , Random sampling, stratified importance sampling,   –building, , –, , ,  Range and null space matrix –coolant systems, , , , –, –column space,   –elementary functions of a matrix,  –core, , , , –, , –image space,  –, ,  –kernel of A,  –database,  –nullity of A,  –dosimetry, , ,  –null space of A,  –(in)homogeneus, ,  –partitioned, or blocked, matrix, – –internals, , , 

–quasi-diagonal,  –keff, , ,  –range,  –molten salt, , , , ,  –reflexivity,  –physics,,,, –row space,  –power limitation system, , ,  –Schur formula,  –vessel, , , , , –, , –similar,  , , –, –, , , –symmetry,   –transitivity,  Reactor and unit power control system,  –upper (lower) quasi-triangular,  Reactor coolant pump (RCP), , , , , Rankine–Hugoniot (RH) , , , , , , , , –conditions, , ,  , , ,  –relations,  Reactor design safety, ,  Rank of matrix –defense-in-depth,  –column (row) rank,  –Manhattan Project,  –linearly independent columns(rows),  Reactor pressure vessel Rank-one perturbation,  –Charpy, , , – Rank transformation, , ,  –depletion, ,  Rate of disappearance/build-up of materials, –dislocation pinning,   –ductile brittle transition temperature, – Raviart–Thomas finite-element, ,  –embrittlement, – Ray effects, ,  –glide,  Rayleigh coefficient –master curve, , – –generalized eigenvalue,  –non destructive examination,  –generalized eigenvector,  –obstacles,  Rayleigh–Lamb equation, –, ,  –plastic strain, ,  Rayleigh ratio,  –segregation,  Rayleigh–Ritz method,  –stress intensity factor,  Index 

–surveillanceprogram,,, Region integrated flux,  –tempering heat treatment,  Regularly inherited traits,  Reactor oversight process,  Regulatory authorities, , , , , , –crosscutting issues,  ,  –human performance,  Regulatory Guide ., , , , –, –International Nuclear Safety Advisory Group,   Reich–Moore, , – –performance indicators,  –approximation, – –problem identification and resolution,  –formalism, , ,  –safety-conscious work environment,  RELAP, , , , ,  –safety culture, ,  Relative biological effectiveness (RBE), , , –significance determination process,   Reactor safety study, , – Relative error, , ,  Reactor Safety Study Methodology Application Relative frequency, –,  Program,  Relative measurement error,  Reactor trip system, , , , , , Relaxation volume, ,   Reliability algorithms, ,  –emergency protection,  Reliability/availability, , , , , , –reactor scram,  ,  Reactor V-, , , , –, , Relief tank, , , , ,  , , ,  Remediation activities, , – Reactor vessel internals (RVI), , ,  Removal coefficient, –, , , , Real row vector,  ,  Rebalance method,  Removal cross section, , , , , , , Receptor characterization,  , , , , , – Reciprocal lattice,  Removal-diffusion, , – Reciprocity relationship, , ,  Repeatability, measurement,  Reciprocity theorem, , –, ,  Reproducibility, measurement, ,  Recombination volume, , ,  Resolution, instrument,  RECONR,  Resolved and unresolved resonance energy ranges, Recoverable energy, , ,   Recriticality, ,  Resolved resonance region, , , ,  Rectangular duct, , –,  Resolved resonances, , , –, , , , , Rectangular matrix, –, , ,  , ,  Recuperator,  Resonance Recurrent states,  –calculation,,,,,,–, Recursive procedure,  , , , , , , –, Recycling (or recycle), , , –, , –, , , , , –,  –, ,  Red-black iteration scheme, , ,  –cross section, , –,  Red Book, ,  –energies, , , , ,  Reduced covariances,  –escape probability,  Reduced neutron width,  –integral, , , , , , , –, , Reduced-order modeling, , ,  , , –, – Reduced singular value decomposition (SVD) –interference factor, , , , ,  –left/right singular vectors,  –interference factor (RIF) table, – –rank-one matrix,  –overlapeffect,,,,,– –singular values,  –parameters, , , , , , , , Reduced uncertainties, , , , ,  , , , , , , , ,  Reduction potentials,  –reconstruction,  Reflected angles, ,  –scattering, ,  Reflective boundary conditions, , , , –shift factors, , , ,  –,  –structure, , ,  Reflector,  Response, , , –, , –, Regeneration system, , ,  –, –, –, , , Region averaged flux,  , , , –, , –  Index

–covariance, , , ,  –culture, , ,  –function cross sections,  –features, , , , , , , –matrix, , , , –, ,  – Restart file, ,  –functions, , , –, ,  ′ R groups,  –injection systems (SISs), , , , , Rheology,  ,  Riemann problem, , –, , , , –rods, , , , , , – , , – Safety, Levels –,  Riesz representation theorem,  Safety depressurization system (SDS), , , Rim effect (or rim). See Rim zone , , ,  Rim zone,  SAFSTOR, , , ,  Ring-forged shells,  Salt, molten Ring of fire low leakage loading pattern,  –eutectics,  RIPLlibrary,,,,,, –MSRE, –,  Risk ranking importance analysis SAMMY code, –, , , , –, , , –risk achievement worth,  , , ,  Risk-related dose limits, – Sample correlation coefficient,  R-matrix Sampling-based methods, , , , , –approximations, –  –formalism, , – Sampling-based uncertainty and sensitivity analysis, –theory, , , , , ,  , , ,  Rod bowing effect, ,  Sandwich formula, ,  Rod consolidation, ,  Sandwich rule, ,  Rod substitution effect,  Savannah River Site (SRS), , ,  Roe’s approximate Riemann solver,  Scabbling, , –, –,  Roe’s average states, ,  Scalarflux,–,,,,, Rokkasho, , ,  Scalar multiplication of a vector, ,  Rotary hammers,  Scalar neutron flux,  Rotationally invariant, ,  Scalar product,  Rotational modes, , ,  Scale parameter,  Routes of exposure,  Scarification, , , – Rowlandns model,  Scattering, , , , , , , , , Row matrix,  , , , , , , , , , , RP V-, ,  , , , –, –, , ,  RP V-, , , , , ,  –cross section, , , , , , , Runge–Kutta method, –, , –, –, , , , , , , , , ,  , , , , , , ,  r–z geometry,  –function, ,  –integral, –, , , , ,  S –kernel, , , ,  Saddle-point method,  –length, , , ,  Safe enclosure phase (SEP), , –, , –matrix, , , , , , , ,   –radius, ,  Safeguards by design (SBD), – –source, , , , , , , , , Safe shutdown earthquake (SSE), , ,  ,  Safe storage, , , , , , , , –source iterative scheme, ,   Schofield, ,  Safety Scintillation detector, ,  –analysis, , , , ,  Scintillation detectors or phosphor detectors,  –assurance, ,  Scoping report,  –accident scenarios, , , , , Screening design methods, –  SCT cross section,  –design basis accidents,  Secondary circuit, , , , ,  –deterministic analysis, , ,  Secondary masses, – –probabilistic safety analysis,  Secondary neutron distributions, , –,  –three mile island (TMI) accident,  Secondary structure, ,  Index 

Secondary waste, , , , , Shield optimization,  –, –, , , , , Shock fix,  , , –, , , , , , Shock tube problem, , , , –, – ,  Second-order reliability methods (SORM), , Shooting method, , ,   Short Collision Time approximation, –,  Second-order Runge–Kutta method, , ,  Short-lived/low-medium-level activity waste,  Second-order sensitivity index,  Shot blasting, –,  Security Council, ,  Shutdown cooling coefficient, – Segmenting equipment,  Shutdown earthquake (SSE), , , , , Segregation, , , , , ,  –grain boundaries, , , , , , , Shutdown system no.,  , –, , , , , ,  Shutdown system no.,  –inverse Kirkendall effect, ,  SIGARmethod,,,, –radiation induced segregation, , , SIGMA method, , , , , ,  – Sigma-ID, ,  Seismic design, ,  Sigma-MUF, ,  Seismic impact classification (MSK),  Sigma retrieval, ,  Selective actinide extraction process (SANEX),  Silo, ,  Self-collision factor, , , –,  SIMPLE, ,  Self shielded cross sections, , , , , , Simplified Pn equation, , , ,   Simplified spherical harmonic,  Self-shielding factors, , , , , , , Simplified transmission probabilities, , , , , , , , , , –,   Sensitivity SIMULATE-, ,  –instrument,  Simulated annealing (SA) selection, ,  –measuring instrument,  Single-channel analyser, , – –vector,  Single direct measurement,  Separation factor, , , , , ,  Single-envelope containment,  Separative work units (SWU), –, , Single failure criterion ,  –code of federal regulations,  Separator-superheater (SSH), , ,  –structure, system and component,  Sequential bifurcation (SB), ,  Single indirect measurements,  Sequential design,  Single instruction, multiple data streams (SIMD), Service water system,  – Severe accidents, , –, – Single-level Breit–Wigner (SBLW) resonance, SG super-emergency feedwater system (EFWP), –, , , , –, , , ,  , ,  Shallow dose equivalent index,  Single measurements, ,  Shape function, –, , , , , Single program multiple data (SPMD),   Singular/nonsingular matrix Shared memory, , , –, , , –inverse matrix,  , ,  –nonsingular, –, , ,  Shared memory multiprocessors (SMP), , , –singular, –,   Sink strength,  Sharp interface method (SIM), ,  Sintering, , , , , ,  Shell-mode, – SIPA,,–, SHEM  groups, – Size effect,  Sherman–Morrison formula,  Skew–Hermitian matrix,  Sherman–Morrison–Woodbury,  Skewness, ,  Shielded cross section,  Skew-symmetric matrix,  Shield heterogeneities, – Skold approximation,  Shielding design, , , , , , , Skyshine analyses, , ,  , , , , – Slab and cylinder phantoms,  Shielding standards, ,  Slab geometry,  Shielding testing, – Slant incidence,   Index

Slowing down, , –, , , , , , Spacing between tracks,  , –, –, , , –, Spallation source,  –, , , , , , –, Spatial averaging (homogenization),  , , , , , , , ,  Spatial eigenvalues, ,  –density,  Spatially dependent, , , ,  –time, ,  Spatial self-shielding effect, , , , , , Small secure transportable autonomous reactor , ,  (SSTAR), core design,  Special geometries, , – Smoothness of the angular flux, , – Specific burnup (or specific burn-up, burn-up rate, SMP. See Shared memory multiprocessors burn-up), , 

SN method, , , , ,  Spectral calculations, –, , , , Sobolev space,  ,  Sobolev spaces,  Spectral distribution,  Sobol’s method, , , ,  Spectral effect,  Soda gel spraying,  Spectral indexes, , , , , , , Sodium(Na),,,, , , , , , – Sodium bisulphate (NaHSO ),, Spectrometry gamma, , , , , Sodium carbonate (Na CO ),, –, – Sodium expansion, –, , ,  Spectrum of excitations,  Sodium fluoride (NaF), ,  Specular reflection, , , ,  Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), , , , , Spent fuel (or spent nuclear fuel, SF), , , ,  , , , , , , , , Sodium sulphate (Na SO), , ,  –, , , , , , , SOFOCATE,  , –, –, –, Softwarequalityassurance(SQA),,, –, –, , , , , Software resources,  –, –, –, – SOGIN, , , , , , , Spent fuel pool,  –, , , , –, , , Spent fuel treatment. See Treatment (of spent fuel) , ,  Spent nuclear fuel. See Spent fuel Sol-gel, –, –,  Sphere-pac, ,  Solidangle,,,,,–,,, Spherical-geometry transport equation, , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  ,  Spherical harmonics Solid solution, , , , , –, –functions,,,, ,  –method, – Solid-state detectors, ,  Spherical phantoms,  Solid-state ionization chambers,  Spherical symmetry, ,  Solid-type spectrum, ,  Spin effects, ,  Solid wastes, –, , , , , Spinel,   Split function Soluble boron efficiency,  –pressure split function, ,  Solvability condition,  Spontaneous fission, , , , , , Somatic effects, , ,   Sorbed, –, , , . See also Sqrt(E) shape,  Sorption Square matrix Source characterization, ,  –determinant Source-detector problems, ,  –cofactor, ,  Source isolation method,  –leading,  Source iteration, , ,  –minor,  (α,n)Sources,, –principal minor,  Space-dependent Dancoff method (SDDM), –properties of determinants, – –, ,  –norm Space-dependent self-shielding effect, , , –condition number, ,  ,  –ill-conditioned,  Spacer grid, , , ,  –matrix-Hölder norm,  Space-time behavior, – –maximum column sum matrix norm,  Index 

–maximum row sum matrix norm,  –test of hypothesis,  –spectral norm,  –type I error,  –power –type II error,  –index of nilpotence,  –unbiased, – –in matrix,  –uniformly most powerful tests.,  –nilpotent,  Statistical mechanics,  –polynomial,  Statistical methods, , , , , , Square pincell, , , , , , – –,  Stability indicator, , – Steady state Boltzmann equation, , ,  Stacking fault tetrahedra, , ,  Steady-state problems, , , ,  Stainlesssteel,,,,,,–,, Steam cleaning, , ,  , , , , , , , , , Steam generator, –, , , ,  –, , , , , –, Stakeholders, , –  Stammlers method, –, , ,  Steam generator PGV-, ,  Standard deviation, , , , , , , Steel drums,   Steel/sodium reflector, ,  Standard OAT,  Steger and Warming’s method,  Standard review plan, , ,  Step-characteristic, , , ,  Standard unit vectors Stepwise regression analysis,  –standard basis,  Stewart for photons,  –standard unit vector,  Stieltjes–Hilbert moments problem,  STAR Codes,  Stiffness matrix, ,  State system for accounting and control (SSAC), Stochastic effects, , , , ,  –,  Stochastic effects in neutron transport,  Static and dynamic multiplication factor,  Stochastic uncertainties,  Static flux, , , ,  Stoker–Weiss method, –, ,  Static structure factor, , ,  Stopping power, ,  Stationary point, , – Storage, , , , –, –, Stationary random sequence and white noise , , , , , , –, –stationary white noise,  –, –, –, , –time series,  –, , ,  –weakly (or second-order) stationary,  –facilities, , , , , , , Statistical averaging,  , , ,  Statistical estimation –of radioactive materials/waste, , , –best linear unbiased estimator (BLUE), ,  ,  –confidence interval, ,  Straight ducts, –, – –consistent, , , ,  Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START),  –efficient estimator,  Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty (SORT),  –estimation rule, ,  Stratified media, – –estimator, – Streaming, , , , , , , , ,  –generalized least-squares method,  –operator, , – –interval estimation,  –tracks, , , , ,  –likelihood function, ,  Stress corrosion cracks (SCCs), , , –, –maximum likelihood estimator (MLE), ,  , , , , , ,  –mean-squared error,  Stretch out, , –, ,  –null hypothesis,  Strictly diagonally dominant,  –point estimator, ,  Strict OAT,  –power, test,  Structural materials, –, , ,  –sample central moment statistic of order k,  Structural mechanics, ,  –sample mean, – Sub-assemblies, ,  –sample moment of order k, – Subcritical, , , , , , ,  –sampling process, , ,  –state,  –significance level,  –systems, ,  –statistical hypothesis, – Sub-group –sufficient estimator,  –cross section, , –,   Index

–method, , , , –, –, Symmetric scattering law,  –, – Symmetry/reflecting boundary conditions, , , –parameters, , –, , , , ,   Synroc,  –structure,  Synthetic acceleration, –, ,  Subjective probability,  Systematic error, , –, ,  Subjective uncertainties, , ,  Systematic fractional replicate design (SFRD), , Subjective (epistemic) uncertainties,  ,  Sub-meshing,  System code, , , –,  Subspace, , , , , , –, , System response, , , , , , , ,  , , , , , , , , –subspace, Rm, ,  –trivial subspace,  Systems without feedback,  Sub-step method, – Suction pressure, ,  T Sulfamic acid (HSONH ),–,,, TALKSPEAK process,   Tamper indicating device (TID), , 

Sulfuric acid (HSO), , , , , , Tangent linear model (TLM), – , , ,  Tank fluence,  Sum/addition of vectors,  Tank in tank, ,  Sum rules, – Target atom, – Superconvergent, ,  Target-at-rest cross section, , ,  Super (sub) diagonals,  Taylor form, ,  SUPERFACT, , , ,  Taylor-series expansion, , , ,  SUPERFACT irradiation experiment,  Taylor series second order,  Superposition principle, , , – Taylor’sexpansions,,,,, Support platform, – Tchebyshev (Chebyshev) polynomials,  Surety fund,  Technical Specification Task Force,  Surface-cleaning, –, , , , , Telemanipulators,   Teleoperator control station, – Surface currents, , , , , , , Teleoperator managed stations,  , ,  Televisual inspection,  Surface decontamination, , , ,  Temperature accelerated dynamics (TAD),  Surface removal, , , , , , , Temperature coefficient, , , , , ,  , , , , , – Surface water, –, , , ,  TEMPO and psi-chi methods, , ,  Surrogate reactions, – Tendons,  Surveillance, , , , –, , Tensor-arm,  , , , , , ,  Tenth-value thickness,  Suspension jet, – Terms of reference (ToR), ,  s-wave neutron scattering,  Tertiary masses, ,  Sweeping, ,  TGBLA,  Swelling,,,,,,,–,, Thermal activation, , ,  ,  Thermal alpha,  –annihilation, ,  Thermal conductivity, –, , , , –cold work, , , ,   –nucleation, , , –, , ,  Thermal constants, , , , ,  –vacancy,,,,,,– Thermal cross section,  Symmetric and positive (negative) definite matrix, Thermalenergy,,,–,,,, ,  Thermal eta,  –hyper-ellipsoid,  Thermalexpansion,,,,, Symmetric matrix, , , , , , , , Thermal flux, ,  , , ,  Thermal g-factors, ,  –orthogonal projection matrices,  Thermal insulation, , –,  –rank-one outer-product,  Thermalization, , , , , , , –spectral decomposition,  ,  Index 

–neutrons,  Tracking operator, ,  –size, – Track separations, ,  –time,  Transfer cask (TC), , ,  Thermal K, ,  Transfer function, , , , –, Thermal output, , ,  –, , –, , , , , Thermal scattering, , , , , –  Thermalvalues,,,,–, Transfermatrix,,,,,,,, Thermochemical, ,  , – Thermo-chemical methods (TCM), , ,  Transient states,  Thermography,  Transition probabilities, ,  Thermoluminescence technique,  Transition rate matrix, , , ,  THERMOS, , , ,  Translational modes, , ,  THERMR, – Translational spectrum,  Th evaluation, –,  Transmission probability (TP), , , , , Thick-target bremsstrahlung,  , , , , , –, ,  Three mile island (TMI) nuclear power reactor, Transmutation, , , , , , ,  , , , , , , –, Threshold energy, , , ,  , , , , , , , , Tianwan NPP, , , , , ,  , –, , , ,  Time-independent problems,  Transport approximations,  Timeliness criteria,  Transport-corrected cross sections, , , , Time-of-flight laboratories, – , , , , ,  Time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence Transport cross section, , , , ,  spectroscopy (TRLFS), ,  Transport equation, , –, –, Tissue weight factor, ,  –, , , , , , –, , TLG, , – , , , , , , , ,  Tokai, ,  –characteristic, –, ,  Tokai Reprocessing Facility,  –interfacial energy,  Tolerable doses,  –pseudo-turbulent energy,  Tones method, –, ,  –total energy, ,  Top head unit, ,  –volume fraction, , , , , , Top nozzle, , , ,  –, ,  Torch, , , –, –,  Transport matrix, , , ,  Total absorption,  Transporttable,, Total cross section, , , , –, –, , , , Transpose of matrix, , , ,  ,,,,,–,–,, Transuranic (TRU) nuclides,  , , –,  Transuranium elements, – Total effective dose equivalent (TEDE), ,  Transverse integration,  Total (or scalar) flux, –, , , , Transverse-leakage, , ,  –, –, , , , , TRANSXcode,, –, , , , , –,  Treatment (of spent fuel) (or reprocessing, spent Total interaction coefficient, , , ,  fuel treatment), , , , ,  Total loss of feed-water (TLOFW), , , , Trial functions, , –  Triangular grid, , , ,  Totally absorbing, infinite medium,  Tributylphosphate,  Total macroscopic cross section, ,  ,,-Trichloroethane,  Total peaking factor,  Trichloroethylene,  Total phasic energy,  Tridiagonal structure,  Total scattering,  Trio_U, – ´ Total source for a non-multiplying system,  TRIPOLI-Z ,, Total variation diminish (TVD) condition,  TRIPOLIcode,,,,, TRABANT- experiment, ,  Tripyridyltriazine (TPTZ),  TRAC,  TRISO, , , , ,  Trace, matrix,  Trisodium phosphate (Na PO), Track adjustments, – TRPO process,  Tracking file, , ,  True area, , , , ,   Index

True value, , , , , , , , –ladders,  , , , , ,  –region, , , –, , , , , TRUEX process, ,  , –, , , , , ,  Turbine, , , , – UNRESR,  –building, , ,  Unrestricted release, , , , ,  –generators, , , , ,  Unubar,,,

–hall, ,  UO Turbine Island (TI), –,  –heat capacity, – Two-fluid model, – –melting temperature, – Two-group theory, , , , –, , –thermal conductivity, – , –, ,  –thermal expansion, –

Two-level computational scheme,  UO–GdO absorber, ,  Two-phase momentum balance, ,  UO–PuO solid solution,  Two-step, ,  UOX, , , , , , , , , , , , , –, , , U  (U,Gd)O (U, Pu)O−x , –heat capacity, – Upper grid,  –melting temperature, – Upper guide structure (UGS), , , , –thermal conductivity, – ,  –thermal expansion, – Upper triangular matrix, , , 

(U,Pu)O Up-scattering, , , , , , , , –heat capacity, – ,  –melting temperature, – Upwinding, , , , , , ,  –thermal conductivity, – Uranium dioxide,  –thermal expansion, – Uranium molybdenum aluminium fuel, 

(U.Np.Am.)O., Uraniumoxide,,, U evaluation, – U evaluation, – V U conversation rates, ,  V-, ,  U evaluation, –,  V-, , , , , , , , UK Central Electricity Generating Board,  , , , , , , ,  Ultra-fine energy group calculation, , , , Vacuum, ,  , , , , , , ,  –bell,  Ultra-fine group method, , –,  –boundary,,,,,,, Ultra-high-pressure, –, – –boundary condition, , , , , , Ultrasonic cleaning, , –, – , , , , , ,  Unattended monitoring, –,  –cleaners, ,  Uncertainty assessment method (UAM),  Vacuum-relief system, , , ,  Uncertainty of measurement,  Validation, , , , , –, , –, Unconditional release, , , , ,  , , – Uncorrelated, , , , , , , –domain, , , , , ,  ,  –domain estimation, , ,  –distributions, , – –experiments, ,  –parameters, central moments,  –tier hierarchy,  –reactions,  Vanadium,  –statistics, ,  Vapor pressure,  UNIPEDE,  Variance-based correlation ratio,  Unit cell, , , , , , , ,  Variance-based first-order sensitivity indices, , United Nations (UN), , , ,   Unit(identity)matrix,,,, Variance-based methods, , , – Unit power control, ,  Variational coefficients, – Unresolved range penetrabilities,  Variational formulation, , , –,  Unresolved range self shielding, – Vector architectures, – Unresolved resonance, , –, , , –, Vector difference,  –, –, , , , , ,  Vector processor, ,  Index 

Vector projection, ,  Water-cooled reactors,  –orthogonal projection of z onto S, water jet cutting, –, ,  –unit vector,  water jet gouging, –, –,  Ventilation units, , , , , , , Water-injection-plasma-cutting (WIPC),  ,  Watt approximation,  Very high temperature gas-cooled reactors (VHTR), Wave number,  –,  Weak formulation,  Very high temperature reactor,  Weak solution,  Very low-level radioactive waste,  Weapon-grade, , , , ,  Very low level waste (VLLW), , ,  Weighted residual approach, ,  Vessel bottom, ,  Weight, heavy metal, – Vibrating absorber, , –,  Westcott factor, , ,  Vibrationalmodes,,,,, West European Nuclear Regulator Association Vibratory finishing, –, – (WENRA),  Villarino–Stamm’ler normalization, ,  Wet abrasive cleaning, , –, – VIPAC fuel,  Wet-ice blasting, –,  Vitrified HLW, , ,  Wet routes, – Void coefficient, ,  White boundary collision probability,  Void history,  White boundary conditions, , , , , , Volume average model,  , , , , , , , – Volume integral, ,  White limit,  V- reactor design, , , , , , Wide resonance (WR) approximation, , , , , , , , , , –, , ,  , , ,  Wide resonance infinite (mass) absorber (WRIA) V- reactor design, , , , , approximation,  –, , , ,  Width fluctuation, , ,  V- reactor plant, , , , , , Wigner approximation, , , , – , –,  Wigner cylinderization,  V- RP reactor,  Wigner effect, –,  VVER-, –, –, ,  Wigner rational, , –, , , , VVER- reactor, –  Wigner rational approximation, ,  W Wigner–Seitz approximation, , ,  Wall thickness, ,  Wigner’s rational approximation Waste, , , , , , , , WIMS, , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  , ,  –characterization, –, ,  WIMS  groups, , –,  –equilibrium isotopes,  WIMS group structure, , , – –geologic storage, , ,  Within-group transport equation, – –management, , , , ,  Wolsong , , , , ,  –ocean disposal,  Woodbury’s extension,  –per MWe produced,  Work breakdown structure, ,  –routes, , , – Working assembly, , –, , , –Yucca Mtn,   Waste (nuclear). See Nuclear waste Working Party on Decommissioning and Waste (radioactive). See Radioactive waste Dismantling (WPDD),  Waste immobilization. See Embedding (of Work packages, –, , ,  radioactive waste) World Association of Nuclear Operators, ,  Waste management facility (WMF), , – Waste technology section (WTS),  X Water, , , , –, –, , , Xenon effect,  , , , , , –, Xe oscillation,  –, –, –, –, XMAS  groups, –, , –, , –, –, –, – ,  –flushing,  X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy –purification systems,  (EXAFS), ,   Index

X-ray attenuation factors,  –irradiation-induced growth, – X-ray beams, , – –irradiation-induced hardening,  X-ray machines, –, ,  –nodular corrosion,  X-ray sources, –, , ,  –oxidation,  Xylene,  –shadow corrosion, ,  –specific heat capacity,  Y –thermal conductivity, – Yield strength, –, , –, , , , –thermal expansion,  , , , , , ,  Zirconium (Zr), , , –, –, , Yonggwang (YGN) &, , , – , ,  Yttria (YSZ), ,  –alloys, , , , , –, , , ,  Z –amorphization, ,  Zero-flux boundary condition, , , , , –cladding thickness,  , , – –corrosion, , , – Zero matrix, ,  –growth, , –,  Zero-phonon term, ,  –pellet cladding interaction (PCI), – Zero power noise, , , ,  –precipitate, , , , ,  Zircaloy, ,  –stress corrosion cracking (SCC), –, , –composition, –  –elastic constants,  –Zircaloy, –, ,  –emissivity,  Zirconiumhydride,, –high temperature corrosion, – Zirconium–niobium, ,  –hydriding,  Zirlo alloy,  –irradiation-induced creep, –