Chemical Nomenclature Ca2+ Carbide Ion Rubidium
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Ni33nh3+3Nhi
Pure & Appi. Chem., Vol. 49, pp.67—73. Pergamon Press, 1977. Printed in Great Britain. NON-AQJEOUS SOLVENTS FOR PREPARATION AND REACTIONS OF NITROGEN HALOGEN COMPOUNDS Jochen Jander Department of Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, D 69 Heidelberg, Germany Abstract -Theimportance of non—aqueous solvents for the chemistry of haloamines is shown in more recent reaction examples. The solvents must be low-melting because of the general temperature sensitivity of the haloamines. They may take part in the reaction (formation of CH NI •CH NH (CH )2NI, NI-,.5 NH-, and NH0I.NH-)ormay e ner (ormation of I .quinuiilidin, 2 NI •1 trithylenediamine, [I(qunuclidine),] salts pure NBr, and compounds of the type R1R2NC103 with R1 and R2 =orgnicgroup or hydrogen). INTRODUCTION Non-aqueous solvents play an important role in preparation and reactions of nitrogen halogen compounds. Due to the fact, that all haloamines are derivatives of ammonia or amines, liquid ammonia or liquid organic amines are used as solvents very often. Liquid ammonia and the lower organic amines reveal, in addition, the advantage of low melting points (liquid ammonia -78, liquid monomethylamine -93.5, liquid dimethylamine -92, liquid tn-. methylamine -12k°C); these meet the general temperature sensitivity of the nitrogen halogen compounds, especially of the pure .lorganic ones. Ammonia and amines are very seldom inert solvents; they mostly take part in the reaction planned for synthesis or conversion of the haloamine. In case a reaction of the solvent is to be avoided, one has to look for a low melting inert solvent, for example methylene chloride (m.p. -
Chapter 3 Stoichiometry of Formulas and Equations
This book was printed on recycled paper. Chemistry http://www.primisonline.com Copyright ©2008 by The McGraw−Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without prior written permission of the publisher. This McGraw−Hill Primis text may include materials submitted to McGraw−Hill for publication by the instructor of this course. The instructor is solely responsible for the editorial content of such materials. 111 CHEMGEN ISBN: 0−390−82332−5 Chemistry Contents Silberberg • Student Solutions Manual for use with Chemistry, Fourth Edition 1. Keys to the Study of Chemistry 1 Text 1 2. The Components of Matter 11 Text 11 3. Stoichiometry: Mole−Mass−Number Relationships In Chemical Systems 27 Text 27 4. The Major Classes of Chemical Reactions 56 Text 56 5. Gases and the Kinetic−Molecular Theory 73 Text 73 6. Thermochemistry: Energy Flow and Chemical Change 91 Text 91 7. Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure 103 Text 103 8. Electron Configuration and Chemical Periodicity 116 Text 116 9. Models of Chemical Bonding 127 Text 127 10. The Shapes of Molecules 137 Text 137 11. Theories of Covalent Bonding 162 Text 162 12. Intermolecular Forces: Liquids, Solids, and Phase Changes 171 Text 171 iii 13. The Properties of Mixtures: Solutions and Colloids 185 Text 185 14. Periodic Patterns in the Main−Group Elements: Bonding, Structure, and Reactivity 200 Text 200 15. -
Naming Molecular Compounds General Instructions: Please Do the Activities for Each Day As Indicated
Teacher Name: Dwight Lillie Student Name: ________________________ Class: ELL Chemistry Period: Per 4 Assignment: Assignment week 2 Due: Friday, 5/8 Naming Molecular Compounds General Instructions: Please do the activities for each day as indicated. Any additional paper needed please attach. Submitted Work: 1) Completed packet. Questions: Please send email to your instructor and/or attend published virtual office hours. Schedule: Date Activity Monday (4/27) Read Sections 9.3, 9.5 in your textbook. Tuesday (4/28) Read and work through questions 1-9 Wednesday (4/29) Read and work through questions 10-14 Thursday (4/30) Read and work through questions 14-18 Friday (5/31) Read and work through questions 19-21 How are the chemical formula and name of a molecular compound related? Why? When you began chemistry class this year, you probably already knew that the chemical formula for carbon dioxide was CO2. Today you will find out why CO2 is named that way. Naming chemical compounds correctly is of paramount importance. The slight difference between the names carbon monoxide (CO, a poisonous, deadly gas) and carbon dioxide (CO2, a greenhouse gas that we exhale when we breathe out) can be the difference between life and death! In this activity you will learn the naming system for molecular compounds. Model 1 – Molecular Compounds Molecular Number of Atoms Number of Atoms in Name of Compound Formula of First Element Second Element ClF Chlorine monofluoride ClF5 1 5 Chlorine pentafluoride CO Carbon monoxide CO2 Carbon dioxide Cl2O Dichlorine monoxide PCl5 Phosphorus pentachloride N2O5 Dinitrogen pentoxide 1. Fill in the table to indicate the number of atoms of each type in the molecular formula. -
Immobilization of Carbonylnickel Complexes: a Solid-State NMR Study
1814 Inorg. Chem. 1996, 35, 1814-1819 Immobilization of Carbonylnickel Complexes: A Solid-State NMR Study K. D. Behringer and J. Blu1mel* Anorganisch-chemisches Institut der TU Mu¨nchen, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany ReceiVed June 15, 1995X Silica is commonly modified with bifunctional phosphines like PPh2CH2CH2Si(OEt)3 prior to immobilization of catalysts. Here, besides PPh2(CH2)3Si(OEt)3, ligands that are more stable toward oxidation, namely PPh2(C6H4)- Si(OEt)3, PPh2(C6H4)SiMe2(OEt), and PPh2(CH2)4OH, are applied. The di- and tricarbonylnickel complexes of these ligands are synthesized, characterized by 61Ni, 31P, 13C, and 1H NMR and IR spectroscopy, and immobilized on silica. Alternatively, the corresponding phosphine-modified silicas are treated with Ni(CO)4. The obtained materials are investigated by 31P and 13C solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Di- and tricarbonylnickel species can be distinguished by their different chemical shift anisotropies and also by their IR data. While the first route allows immobilization of both di- and tricarbonylnickel complexes, reaction of surface-bound phosphines with Ni(CO)4 gives the tricarbonyl species exclusively. Among the different ligands, PPh2(CH2)4OH has optimal qualities: It gives high surface coverages without oxidation or cross-linking, and therefore narrow NMR lines, and it allows 13C CP/MAS NMR spectroscopy. 1. Introduction developed. The sol-gel process for instance provides the option of a tailored silica support material with a high loading of Immobilized catalysts are of growing interest, because they catalyst. It has been successfully applied for example by can, in principle, combine all the advantages of heterogeneous 14,15 16,17 1-4 Lindner and Schubert. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,753,759 B2 Liao (45) Date of Patent: *Jun
USOO8753759B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,753,759 B2 Liao (45) Date of Patent: *Jun. 17, 2014 (54) BATTERY WITH CHLOROPHYLL 5,270,137 A * 12/1993 Kubota ......................... 429,249 ELECTRODE 5,928,714 A * 7/1999 Nunome et al. ........... 427,126.3 6,511,774 B1 1/2003 Tsukuda et al. 6,905,798 B2 6/2005 Tsukuda et al. (75) Inventor: Chungpin Liao, Taichung (TW) 7,405,172 B2 7/2008 Shigematsu et al. 2009/0325067 A1 12/2009 Liao et al. (73) Assignee: iNNOT BioEnergy Holding Co., George Town (KY) FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS *) Notice: Subject to anyy disclaimer, the term of this TW I288495 B 10/2007 patent is extended or adjusted under 35 U.S.C. 154(b) by 460 days. OTHER PUBLICATIONS This patent is Subject to a terminal dis Dryhurst, Glenn, “Electrochemistry of Biological Molecules' claimer. Elsevier, Inc. (1977), pp. 408-415.* (21) Appl. No.: 13/075,909 * cited by examiner (22) Filed: Mar. 30, 2011 (65) Prior Publication Data Primary Examiner — Zachary Best (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Novak Druce Connolly US 2012/O 148898A1 Jun. 14, 2012 Bove + Quigg LLP (30) Foreign Application Priority Data (57) ABSTRACT Dec. 13, 2010 (CN) .......................... 2010 1 0.585281 An exemplary battery is provided in the present invention. (51) Int. Cl. The battery includes a current collector, a positive-electrode HOLM 8/6 (2006.01) structure, a separation structure, a negative-electrode struc (52) U.S. Cl. ture and a housing. The positive-electrode structure, the sepa USPC ............................. 429/2; 429/218.1; 429/212 ration structure, the negative-electrode structure are encircled (58) Field of Classification Search in sequence inside of the housing. -
Chemical Dynamics of Triacetylene Formation and Implications to the Synthesis of Polyynes in Titan’S Atmosphere
Chemical dynamics of triacetylene formation and implications to the synthesis of polyynes in Titan’s atmosphere X. Gua,Y.S.Kima, R. I. Kaisera,1, A. M. Mebelb, M. C. Liangc,d,e, and Y. L. Yungf aDepartment of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822; bDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199 ; cResearch Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; dGraduate Institute of Astronomy, National Central University, Jhongli 320, Taiwan; eInstitute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; and fDivision of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 Edited by William Klemperer, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, and approved August 12, 2009 (received for review January 16, 2009) For the last four decades, the role of polyynes such as diacetylene Therefore, an experimental investigation of these elementary (HCCCCH) and triacetylene (HCCCCCCH) in the chemical evolution reactions under single collision conditions is desirable (16–18). of the atmosphere of Saturn’s moon Titan has been a subject of In this article, we report the results of a crossed molecular vigorous research. These polyacetylenes are thought to serve as an beam reaction of the isotope variant of the elementary reaction 2⌺ϩ 1⌺ϩ UV radiation shield in planetary environments; thus, acting as of ethynyl radicals (C2H; X ) with diacetylene (C4H2;X g ). prebiotic ozone, and are considered as important constituents of These results are combined with electronic structure calculations the visible haze layers on Titan. However, the underlying chemical and photochemical modeling to unravel the formation and role 1⌺ϩ processes that initiate the formation and control the growth of of the organic transient molecule triacetylene (C6H2;X g )in polyynes have been the least understood to date. -
Chemical Names and CAS Numbers Final
Chemical Abstract Chemical Formula Chemical Name Service (CAS) Number C3H8O 1‐propanol C4H7BrO2 2‐bromobutyric acid 80‐58‐0 GeH3COOH 2‐germaacetic acid C4H10 2‐methylpropane 75‐28‐5 C3H8O 2‐propanol 67‐63‐0 C6H10O3 4‐acetylbutyric acid 448671 C4H7BrO2 4‐bromobutyric acid 2623‐87‐2 CH3CHO acetaldehyde CH3CONH2 acetamide C8H9NO2 acetaminophen 103‐90‐2 − C2H3O2 acetate ion − CH3COO acetate ion C2H4O2 acetic acid 64‐19‐7 CH3COOH acetic acid (CH3)2CO acetone CH3COCl acetyl chloride C2H2 acetylene 74‐86‐2 HCCH acetylene C9H8O4 acetylsalicylic acid 50‐78‐2 H2C(CH)CN acrylonitrile C3H7NO2 Ala C3H7NO2 alanine 56‐41‐7 NaAlSi3O3 albite AlSb aluminium antimonide 25152‐52‐7 AlAs aluminium arsenide 22831‐42‐1 AlBO2 aluminium borate 61279‐70‐7 AlBO aluminium boron oxide 12041‐48‐4 AlBr3 aluminium bromide 7727‐15‐3 AlBr3•6H2O aluminium bromide hexahydrate 2149397 AlCl4Cs aluminium caesium tetrachloride 17992‐03‐9 AlCl3 aluminium chloride (anhydrous) 7446‐70‐0 AlCl3•6H2O aluminium chloride hexahydrate 7784‐13‐6 AlClO aluminium chloride oxide 13596‐11‐7 AlB2 aluminium diboride 12041‐50‐8 AlF2 aluminium difluoride 13569‐23‐8 AlF2O aluminium difluoride oxide 38344‐66‐0 AlB12 aluminium dodecaboride 12041‐54‐2 Al2F6 aluminium fluoride 17949‐86‐9 AlF3 aluminium fluoride 7784‐18‐1 Al(CHO2)3 aluminium formate 7360‐53‐4 1 of 75 Chemical Abstract Chemical Formula Chemical Name Service (CAS) Number Al(OH)3 aluminium hydroxide 21645‐51‐2 Al2I6 aluminium iodide 18898‐35‐6 AlI3 aluminium iodide 7784‐23‐8 AlBr aluminium monobromide 22359‐97‐3 AlCl aluminium monochloride -
Example Exercise 8.1 Evidence for a Reaction
Example Exercise 8.1 Evidence for a Reaction Which of the following is experimental evidence for a chemical reaction? (a) Pouring vinegar on baking soda gives foamy bubbles. (b) Mixing two solutions produces insoluble particles. (c) Mixing two colorless solutions gives a yellow solution. (d) Mixing two solutions produces a temperature increase. Solution We can analyze each of these observations based on the criteria for a chemical reaction. (a) The bubbles produced indicate a chemical reaction is occurring. (b) The insoluble particles formed indicate a chemical reaction. (c) The yellow color produced indicates a chemical reaction. (d) The temperature increase indicates heat energy is being released and, thus, an exothermic chemical reaction. Practice Exercise What are four observations that a chemical reaction has occurred? Answers: (a) a gas is released; (b) a precipitate is produced; (c) a permanent color change is observed; (d) an energy change is noted Concept Exercise What four observations are evidence for a chemical reaction? Answer: See Appendix G. Introductory Chemistry: Concepts and Critical Thinking, 6th Edition © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Charles H. Corwin Example Exercise 8.2 Writing Chemical Equations Write a chemical equation for each of the following chemical reactions: (a) Mercury liquid and fluorine gas react to give solid mercury(II) fluoride. (b) Zinc metal reacts with sulfuric acid to give aqueous zinc sulfate and hydrogen gas. Solution To write the chemical equation, we must provide formulas and symbols for each substance. We can describe each of the preceding chemical reactions as follows: (a) Hg(l) + F2(g) → HgF2(s) (b) Zn(s) + H2SO4(aq) → ZnSO4(aq) + H2(g) Practice Exercise Write a chemical equation for each of the following chemical reactions: (a) Aqueous solutions of sodium iodide and silver nitrate yield silver iodide precipitate and aqueous sodium nitrate. -
Pyrolysis of Jet Propellants and Oxidation Of
Florida International University FIU Digital Commons FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations University Graduate School 5-15-2018 Pyrolysis of Jet Propellants and Oxidation of Polycyclic Aromatic Radicals with Molecular Oxygen: Theoretical Study of Potential Energy Surfaces, Mechanisms, and Kinetics Daniel E. Belisario-Lara [email protected] DOI: 10.25148/etd.FIDC006814 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd Part of the Physical Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation Belisario-Lara, Daniel E., "Pyrolysis of Jet Propellants and Oxidation of Polycyclic Aromatic Radicals with Molecular Oxygen: Theoretical Study of Potential Energy Surfaces, Mechanisms, and Kinetics" (2018). FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 3819. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3819 This work is brought to you for free and open access by the University Graduate School at FIU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of FIU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY Miami, Florida PYROLYSIS OF JET PROPELLANTS AND OXIDATION OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC RADICALS WITH MOLECULAR OXYGEN: THEORETICAL STUDY OF POTENTIAL ENERGY SURFACES, MECHANISMS, AND KINETICS A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in CHEMISTRY by Daniel Belisario-Lara 2018 To: Dean Michael R. Heithaus College of Arts, Sciences and Education This dissertation, written by Daniel Belisario-Lara, and entitled Pyrolysis of Jet Propellants and Oxidation of Polycyclic Aromatic Radicals with Molecular Oxygen: Theoretical Study of Potential Energy Surfaces, Mechanisms, and Kinetics, having been approved in respect to style and intellectual content, is referred to you for judgment. -
Review Naming Ionic Compounds Worksheet Answer Key
Review Naming Ionic Compounds Worksheet Answer Key Unstirred Sheppard undercharges very contextually while Sylvester remains unmeet and conquered. Conforming Zacharie frenzies brutally while Tyler always immolating his fixation put-off compliantly, he opt so leeward. Umber and enorm Rene radiate so disgustingly that Herman liquesces his uncircumcision. Here or those that More practice access your favorite topic! What is bromine has properties to review answer key in multiple branches, makes perfect for. Water is cooled to the freezing point. Wayne Huang and supervise team. Example and went as the card to pleasure a hamburger. Explain the existence of ionic compounds naming binary compound name given the update the. Is heated in hospitals and review naming formulas and. Write word equations like a pro in no surprise flat! Writing Formulas For Ionic Compounds Worksheet Answer Key. Compound Name Formula Search. Classifying Compounds: Classify each chorus the following substances as provided a molecular compound interest an ionic compound. Writing formulas for binary ionic compounds Binary ionic compounds as nbsp Solved Write formulas for the binary ionic compounds formed between the following elements. Get gradually less excited about naming both ionic and covalent compounds. Let your students practice peer review using chemical nomenclature. Chemistry ions in chemical compounds key, may have students compare on a partner, acids and bases. Vocabulary choose files in your answer key, especially when the weight in chemical formula if given formula cards into the naming ionic or google images gallery can make our fun! Search experience making a listing of fat is by each answer key concepts like a lab is a formula writing and formulas ionic compounds lesson summary explaining how i binary covalent. -
Copyrighted Material
INDEX Access areas, sodium hypochlorite potable water/wastewater treatment, facilities design, 517 982–990 Acid-chlorite solution, chlorine dioxide degreasers and solvents, 983 chemistry, 714–717 disinfection by-product precursor Acid chrome violet potassium (ACVK) oxidation, 989–990 method, chlorine dioxide fuel oxygenates, 984–985 analysis, oxychlorine pesticide oxidation, 985–988 by-products, 751–752 petroleum products, 984 Acid ionization constant: taste and odor compound oxidation, chlorine dissolution and hydrolysis, 988–989 70–74 volatile organic carbon oxidation, hypochlorous acid dissociation, 982–985 74–77 regulatory issues, 994–995 Acidity, chlorine, 142–144 system classifi cation, 977 Activation energy, sodium hypochlorite system performance factors, 990–994 degradation, 468–469 titanium dioxide: Activity coeffi cients, hypochlorous acid hydrogen peroxide-ultraviolet dissociation, ionic effects, 78–80 reaction, 981–982 Administrative controls, ultraviolet ultraviolet reaction, 981, 993–994 light systems, 969 Aeration systems, wastewater Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs): chlorination, odor control, chemistry, 977–982 332–333 equipment and generation, Aerochlorination, wastewater 995–997 chlorination, oil and gas Fenton reaction, 980, 992–993 removal, 349 historical background, 976–977 Aftercooler, ozone generation, 811 hydroxyl radical generation, Air-based systems, ozone generation, ultraviolet light, 979–980, 992 800–804 overview, 976 cryogenic air separation, 809 ozone decomposition:COPYRIGHTEDpreparation MATERIAL systems, 809–810 hydrogen peroxide, 979, 990–991 supplemental air, 829 hydroxide initiation, 978–979 Air control devices, gaseous chlorine ultraviolet photolysis, 979, systems, 682–684 991–992 Air pollution, wastewater chlorination, photo-Fenton reaction, 980–981, foul air scrubbing systems, 992–993 333–338 White’s Handbook of Chlorination and Alternative Disinfectants, 5th edition, by Black & Veatch Corporation Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. -
Theoretical Photoabsorption Spectra of Cloocl and Cl2o
7278 J. Phys. Chem. A 2000, 104, 7278-7283 Theoretical Photoabsorption Spectra of ClOOCl and Cl2O A. Toniolo,† M. Persico,* and D. Pitea† Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica ed Elettrochimica, UniVersita` di Milano, Via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milano, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, UniVersita` di Pisa, Via Risorgimento 35, I-56126 Pisa, Italy ReceiVed: March 27, 2000; In Final Form: May 25, 2000 We calculated transition energies and oscillator strengths of ClOOCl and Cl2O in the Franck-Condon region with ab initio techniques. We describe 8 singlet excited states for ClOOCl and 13 excited states for Cl2O. The photoabsorption spectra are simulated by a semiclassical approach, which takes into account the vibrational phase space distribution in the ground state and the geometry dependence of excitation energies and transition dipoles. We present an unambiguous assignation of the available UV spectra, which is preliminary to the interpretation of the photochemistry of these compounds. 1. Introduction In the last fifteen years, the photochemistry of chlorine oxides has received considerable attention: the importance of the ozone loss catalytic cycles has made advisable to understand the photodissociation reactions of the chlorine-oxygen containing molecules present in the stratosphere.1-3 Among the important chlorine-oxygen compounds, the spectroscopy of ClO has been investigated theoretically by us and others,4-6 and rather complete potential energy surfaces for 7 ClO2 have been presented. ClOOCl and Cl2O have been paid less attention by computational chemists. It is now accepted that the most important catalytic cycle that results in ozone depletion in the Antarctic stratosphere starts with the self-reaction of ClO radicals and involves the formation of a chlorine peroxide ClOOCl molecule.8 The absorption of radiation breaks preferably one of the two Cl-O Figure 1.