DOCSLIB.ORG

Novel Alkenone-Producing Strains of Genus Isochrysis (Haptophyta

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Novel Alkenone-Producing Strains of Genus Isochrysis (Haptophyta Novel alkenone-producing strains of genus Isochrysis (Haptophyta) isolated from Canadian saline lakes show temperature sensitivity of alkenones and alkenoates Araie, H., Nakamura, H., Toney, J. L., Haig, H. A., Plancq, J., Shiratori, T., Leavitt, P. R., Seki, O., Ishida, K. I., Sawada, K., Suzuki, I., & Shiraiwa, Y. (2018). Novel alkenone-producing strains of genus Isochrysis (Haptophyta) isolated from Canadian saline lakes show temperature sensitivity of alkenones and alkenoates. Organic Geochemistry, 121, 89-103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2018.04.008 Published in: Organic Geochemistry Document Version: Peer reviewed version Queen's University Belfast - Research Portal: Link to publication record in Queen's University Belfast Research Portal Publisher rights © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/,which permits distribution and reproduction for noncommercial purposes, provided the author and source are cited General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Queen's University Belfast Research Portal is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The Research Portal is Queen's institutional repository that provides access to Queen's research output. Every effort has been made to ensure that content in the Research Portal does not infringe any person's rights, or applicable UK laws. If you discover content in the Research Portal that you believe breaches copyright or violates any law, please contact [email protected]. Download date:23. Sep. 2021 Accepted Manuscript Novel alkenone-producing strains of genus Isochrysis (Haptophyta) isolated from Canadian saline lakes show temperature sensitivity of alkenones and al- kenoates Hiroya Araie, Hideto Nakamura, Jaime L. Toney, Heather A. Haig, Julien Plancq, Takashi Shiratori, Peter R. Leavitt, Osamu Seki, Ken-ichiro Ishida, Ken Sawada, Iwane Suzuki, Yoshihiro Shiraiwa PII: S0146-6380(18)30082-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2018.04.008 Reference: OG 3712 To appear in: Organic Geochemistry Received Date: 29 March 2018 Revised Date: 12 April 2018 Accepted Date: 13 April 2018 Please cite this article as: Araie, H., Nakamura, H., Toney, J.L., Haig, H.A., Plancq, J., Shiratori, T., Leavitt, P.R., Seki, O., Ishida, K-i., Sawada, K., Suzuki, I., Shiraiwa, Y., Novel alkenone-producing strains of genus Isochrysis (Haptophyta) isolated from Canadian saline lakes show temperature sensitivity of alkenones and alkenoates, Organic Geochemistry (2018), doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2018.04.008 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Novel alkenone-producing strains of genus Isochrysis (Haptophyta) isolated from Canadian saline lakes show temperature sensitivity of alkenones and alkenoates Hiroya Araie a,bϯ, Hideto Nakamura c,d,eϯ, Jaime L. Toney f, Heather A. Haig g, Julien Plancq f, Takashi Shiratori a, Peter R. Leavitt g,h, Osamu Seki d,i, K en-ichiro Ishida a, K en Sawada c,d, Iwane Suzuki a,b, Yoshihiro Shiraiwa a,b* a Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8572, Japan b CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Tsukuba, 305- 8572, Japan c Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan d CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Sapporo, 060- 0810, Japan e Department of Geosciences, Osaka City University, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan (present address of HN) f School of Geographical and Earth Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK g Limnology Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4S 0A2, Canada 1 h Institute of Environmental Change and Society, Faculty of Science, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4S 0A2, Canada i Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0814, Japan ϯ Equal contribution *Corresponding author. Tel.: +81-29-853-4668. E-mail address: [email protected] (Y. Shiraiwa). Abbr eviat ions: LCAs, long chain alkenones; LSU, Rubisco large subunit; Rubisco, ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase; SST, sea surface temperature; SSU, Rubisco small subunit; , , RIA38 and A37/A38, alkenoate indices; , , , Et, Me and Et, alkenone unsaturation indices. 2 ABSTRACT Alkenone-producing species have been recently found in diverse lacustrine environments, albeit with taxonomic information derived indirectly from environmental genomic techniques. In this study, we isolated alkenone-producing algal species from Canadian saline lakes and established unialgal cultures of individual strains to identify their taxonomical and molecular biological character istics. Water and sediments collected from the lakes were first enriched in artificial seawater medium over a range of salinities (5–40 ppt) to cultivate taxa in vitro. Unialgal cultures of seven haptophyte strains were isolated and categorized in the Isochrysis clade using SSU and LSU rRNA gene analysis. The alkenone distributions within isolated strains were determined to be novel compared with other previously reported alkenone-producing haptophytes. While all strains produced the typical C37 and C38 range of isomers, one strain isolated from Canadian salt lakes also produced novel C41 and C42 alkenones that are temperature sensitive. In addition, we showed that all alkenone unsaturation indices (e.g., and ) are temperature-dependent in culture experiments, and that alkenoate indices (e.g., , , RIA38 and A37/A38) provide alternative options for temperature calibration based on these new lacustrine algal strains. Importantly, these indices show temperature dependence in culture experiments at temperatures below 10 °C, where traditional alkenone proxies were not as sensitive. We 3 hypothesize that this suite of calibrations may be used for reconstructions of past water temperature in a broad range of lakes in the Canadian prairies. K eywords: Alkenoates, Alkenones, Alkenone unsaturation index, Canadian salt lakes, Chemotaxonomy, Haptophytes, Isochrysis, Long- chain alkyl ketones, Paleothermometer, 4 1. Introduction Long-chain alkenones (LCAs) were originally reported in marine sediments ca. 35 years ago (Boon et al., 1978; Brassell et al., 1980; de Leeuw et al., 1980; Volkman et al., 1980a, b; Marlowe et al., 1984) and in Quaternary lacustrine sediments a few years later (Cranwell, 1985; Volkman et al., 1988). Typically, these LCAs exhibit chain lengths from C35 to C40 and contain 2–4 trans double bonds, with C37–C39 LCAs appearing as the most common chain lengths in previous studies. The marine coccolithophore, Emiliania huxleyi, was the first haptophyte identified to have produced LCAs (Volkman et al., 1980a, b). These microalgae have been widely studied, in part because haptophytes change the proportion of alkenones having a different number of double bonds depending on growth temperature. Consequently, the ratio of LCAs with different unsaturation levels is now used to calculate indices, such as and , that can be used as paleotemperature proxies to reconstruct past sea surface temperature (SST) (Brassell et al., 1986; Prahl and Wakeham, 1987; Brassell, 1993). Only five species within the order Isochrysidales, phylum Haptophyta are reported to produce LCAs and analogous compounds such as alkyl alkenoates (Medlin et al., 2008). Although LCAs are now found frequently in saline and freshwater inland lakes (e.g., Pearson et al., 2008; Theroux et al., 2010; Toney et al., 2010, 2012; D’Andrea et al., 2011; Longo et al., 2013), it appears that these compounds are still 5 constrained to the phylum Haptophyta. At present, taxa known to produce alkenones fit into three taxonomical groups as defined by Theroux et al. (2010). Group III includes E. huxleyi and Gephyrocapsa oceanica (Family Noëlaerhabdaceae), which are characteristic of marine environments. Group II includes Isochrysis galbana, Tisochrysis lutea (Bendif et al., 2013), Ruttnera lamellosa (revised from Chrysotila lamellosa; Andersen et al., 2014), which belong to Family Isochrysidaceae and represent species found in a wide range of environments such as coastal regions, brackish waters and saline lakes. Group I is composed of haptophytes from which no living algal strains have been isolated, but for which putative haptophyte strains have been identified by using environmental genomics of Rubisco small subunit (SSU) rRNA from environmental samples collected in freshwater environments (D’Andrea et al., 2006; Theroux et al., 2010; Longo et al., 2013, 2016). Freshwater alkenone-producing haptophytes have gained the interest of the paleoclimate community because of the potential for their LCAs as indices of past continental climates (Zink et al., 2001; Chu et al., 2005, 2012; Hou et al., 2016). However, the use of these compounds has been constrained to date because specific LCA- producing strains have not been isolated from the source
Load more

Recommended publications
  • University of Oklahoma
    UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA GRADUATE COLLEGE MACRONUTRIENTS SHAPE MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES, GENE EXPRESSION AND PROTEIN EVOLUTION A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY By JOSHUA THOMAS COOPER Norman, Oklahoma 2017 MACRONUTRIENTS SHAPE MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES, GENE EXPRESSION AND PROTEIN EVOLUTION A DISSERTATION APPROVED FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY AND PLANT BIOLOGY BY ______________________________ Dr. Boris Wawrik, Chair ______________________________ Dr. J. Phil Gibson ______________________________ Dr. Anne K. Dunn ______________________________ Dr. John Paul Masly ______________________________ Dr. K. David Hambright ii © Copyright by JOSHUA THOMAS COOPER 2017 All Rights Reserved. iii Acknowledgments I would like to thank my two advisors Dr. Boris Wawrik and Dr. J. Phil Gibson for helping me become a better scientist and better educator. I would also like to thank my committee members Dr. Anne K. Dunn, Dr. K. David Hambright, and Dr. J.P. Masly for providing valuable inputs that lead me to carefully consider my research questions. I would also like to thank Dr. J.P. Masly for the opportunity to coauthor a book chapter on the speciation of diatoms. It is still such a privilege that you believed in me and my crazy diatom ideas to form a concise chapter in addition to learn your style of writing has been a benefit to my professional development. I’m also thankful for my first undergraduate research mentor, Dr. Miriam Steinitz-Kannan, now retired from Northern Kentucky University, who was the first to show the amazing wonders of pond scum. Who knew that studying diatoms and algae as an undergraduate would lead me all the way to a Ph.D.
    [Show full text]
  • The State of the World's Aquatic Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture 1
    2019 ISSN 2412-5474 THE STATE OF THE WORLD’S AQUATIC GENETIC RESOURCES FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURE FAO COMMISSION ON GENETIC RESOURCES FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ASSESSMENTS • 2019 FAO COMMISSION ON GENETIC RESOURCES FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ASSESSMENTS • 2019 THE STATE OF THE WORLD’S AQUATIC GENETIC RESOURCES FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURE COMMISSION ON GENETIC RESOURCES FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURE FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS ROME 2019 Required citation: FAO. 2019. The State of the World’s Aquatic Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. FAO Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture assessments. Rome. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. ISBN 978-92-5-131608-5 © FAO, 2019 Some rights reserved. This work is available under a CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO licence 2018 © FAO, XXXXXEN/1/05.18 Some rights reserved. This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo/ legalcode).
    [Show full text]
  • Coccolithophore Distribution in the Mediterranean Sea and Relate A
    Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Ocean Sci. Discuss., 11, 613–653, 2014 Open Access www.ocean-sci-discuss.net/11/613/2014/ Ocean Science OSD doi:10.5194/osd-11-613-2014 Discussions © Author(s) 2014. CC Attribution 3.0 License. 11, 613–653, 2014 This discussion paper is/has been under review for the journal Ocean Science (OS). Coccolithophore Please refer to the corresponding final paper in OS if available. distribution in the Mediterranean Sea Is coccolithophore distribution in the A. M. Oviedo et al. Mediterranean Sea related to seawater carbonate chemistry? Title Page Abstract Introduction A. M. Oviedo1, P. Ziveri1,2, M. Álvarez3, and T. Tanhua4 Conclusions References 1Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain Tables Figures 2Earth & Climate Cluster, Department of Earth Sciences, FALW, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, FALW, HV1081 Amsterdam, the Netherlands J I 3IEO – Instituto Espanol de Oceanografia, Apd. 130, A Coruna, 15001, Spain 4GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel, Marine Biogeochemistry, J I Duesternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany Back Close Received: 31 December 2013 – Accepted: 15 January 2014 – Published: 20 February 2014 Full Screen / Esc Correspondence to: A. M. Oviedo ([email protected]) Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. Printer-friendly Version Interactive Discussion 613 Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Abstract OSD The Mediterranean Sea is considered a “hot-spot” for climate change, being char- acterized by oligotrophic to ultra-oligotrophic waters and rapidly changing carbonate 11, 613–653, 2014 chemistry. Coccolithophores are considered a dominant phytoplankton group in these 5 waters.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity and Evolution of Protist Mitochondria: Introns, Gene Content and Genome Architecture
    Diversity and Evolution of Protist Mitochondria: Introns, Gene Content and Genome Architecture 著者 西村 祐貴 内容記述 この博士論文は内容の要約のみの公開（または一部 非公開）になっています year 2016 その他のタイトル プロティストミトコンドリアの多様性と進化：イン トロン、遺伝子組成、ゲノム構造 学位授与大学 筑波大学 (University of Tsukuba) 学位授与年度 2015 報告番号 12102甲第7737号 URL http://hdl.handle.net/2241/00144261 Diversity and Evolution of Protist Mitochondria: Introns, Gene Content and Genome Architecture A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, the University of Tsukuba in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Science (Doctral Program in Biologial Sciences) Yuki NISHIMURA Table of Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................... 1 Genes encoded in mitochondrial genomes of eukaryotes ..................................................... 3 Terminology .......................................................................................................................... 4 Chapter 1. General introduction ................................................................................ 5 The origin and evolution of mitochondria ............................................................................ 5 Mobile introns in mitochondrial genome .............................................................................. 6 The organisms which are lacking in mitochondrial genome data ........................................ 8 Chapter 2. Lateral transfers of mobile introns
    [Show full text]
  • Barthelonids Represent a Deep-Branching Metamonad Clade with Mitochondrion-Related Organelles Generating No
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/805762; this version posted October 29, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 2 3 Barthelonids represent a deep-branching Metamonad clade with mitochondrion-related 4 organelles generating no ATP. 5 6 Euki Yazaki1*, Keitaro Kume2, Takashi Shiratori3, Yana Eglit 4,5,, Goro Tanifuji6, Ryo 7 Harada7, Alastair G.B. Simpson4,5, Ken-ichiro Ishida7,8, Tetsuo Hashimoto7,8 and Yuji 8 Inagaki7,9* 9 10 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School and Faculty of 11 Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan 12 2Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan 13 3Department of Marine Diversity, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 14 Yokosuka, Japan 15 4Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada 16 5Centre for Comparative Genomics and Evolutionary Bioinformatics, Dalhousie University, 17 Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada 18 6Department of Zoology, National Museum of Nature and Science, Ibaraki, Japan 19 7Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 20 Ibaraki, Japan 21 8Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan 22 9Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan 23 24 Running head: Phylogeny and putative MRO functions in a new metamonad clade. 25 26 *Correspondence addressed to Euki Yazaki, [email protected] and Yuji Inagaki, 27 [email protected] 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/805762; this version posted October 29, 2019.
    [Show full text]
  • Is Coccolithophore Distribution in the Mediterranean Sea Related to Seawater Carbonate Chemistry? A
    Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Ocean Sci. Discuss., 11, 613–653, 2014 Open Access www.ocean-sci-discuss.net/11/613/2014/ Ocean Science doi:10.5194/osd-11-613-2014 Discussions © Author(s) 2014. CC Attribution 3.0 License. This discussion paper is/has been under review for the journal Ocean Science (OS). Please refer to the corresponding final paper in OS if available. Is coccolithophore distribution in the Mediterranean Sea related to seawater carbonate chemistry? A. M. Oviedo1, P. Ziveri1,2, M. Álvarez3, and T. Tanhua4 1Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain 2Earth & Climate Cluster, Department of Earth Sciences, FALW, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, FALW, HV1081 Amsterdam, the Netherlands 3IEO – Instituto Espanol de Oceanografia, Apd. 130, A Coruna, 15001, Spain 4GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel, Marine Biogeochemistry, Duesternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany Received: 31 December 2013 – Accepted: 15 January 2014 – Published: 20 February 2014 Correspondence to: A. M. Oviedo ([email protected]) Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 613 Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Abstract The Mediterranean Sea is considered a “hot-spot” for climate change, being char- acterized by oligotrophic to ultra-oligotrophic waters and rapidly changing carbonate chemistry. Coccolithophores are considered a dominant phytoplankton group in these 5 waters. As a marine calcifying organism they are expected to respond to the ongo- ing changes in seawater CO2 systems parameters. However, very few studies have covered the entire Mediterranean physiochemical gradients from the Strait of Gibral- tar to the Eastern Mediterranean Levantine Basin.
    [Show full text]
  • Introns, Gene Content and Genome Architecture
    Diversity and Evolution of Protist Mitochondria: Introns, Gene Content and Genome Architecture A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, the University of Tsukuba in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Science (Doctral Program in Biologial Sciences) Yuki NISHIMURA Table of Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................... 1 Genes encoded in mitochondrial genomes of eukaryotes ..................................................... 3 Terminology .......................................................................................................................... 4 Chapter 1. General introduction ................................................................................ 5 The origin and evolution of mitochondria ............................................................................ 5 Mobile introns in mitochondrial genome .............................................................................. 6 The organisms which are lacking in mitochondrial genome data ........................................ 8 Chapter 2. Lateral transfers of mobile introns among distantly related mitochondrial genomes ................................................................................................ 11 Summary ................................................................................................................................ 11 2-1. Leucocryptos
    [Show full text]
  • The CSIRO Collection of Living Microalgae: an Australian Perspective on Microalgal Biodiversity and Applications
    The CSIRO Collection of Living Microalgae: An Australian Perspective on Microalgal Biodiversity and Applications S.I. Blackburn, I.D. Jameson, D. Frampton, M. Brown, M. Mansour, A. Negri, N.S. Parker, S. Robert, C.J. Bolch, P.D. Nichols and J.K. Volkman CSIRO Marine Research, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT The CSIRO Collection of Living Microalgae maintains over 800 strains from 140 genera representing the majority of marine and some freshwater microalgal classes. The Collection is incorpoarted within the CSIRO Microalgal Research Centre (CMARC) which provides a supply service of microalgal strains to industry, government and university organizations. Research within CMARC and in partnership with collaborators spans a wide base within the three themes of Environment, Aquaculture and Biotechnology. Some of the research projects undertaken include physiological studies of different life-history stages of microalgae, toxin production in harmful algal bloom (HAB) species, phylogenetic studies of different populations of HAB species, optimizing the nutritional benefit of microalgal diets in larval and broodstock aquaculture species, including important nutrients such as vitamins and polyunstaurated fatty acids. Research is also being undertaken into optimizing high biomass production systems through the use of photobioreactors. 1. THE CSIRO COLLECTION OF LIVING MICROALGAE The CSIRO Collection of Living Microalgae maintains over 800 strains from 140 genera representing the majority of marine and some freshwater microalgal classes (see Fig.1 for summary, list of strains available from the authors or downloadable from http://www.marine.csiro.au). There are also some selected micro-heterotrophic strains. This collection is the largest and most diverse microalgal culture collection in Australia and, with NIES-Collection (National Institute for Environmental Studies, Environment Agency) in Japan, ranks as a major microalgal collection in the the Asia-Pacific region.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Ultrastructure of Gephyrocapsa Oceanica (Haptophyta) Life Stages
    Cryptogamie, Algologie, 2014, 35 (4): 379-388 © 2014 Adac. Tous droits réservés On the ultrastructure of Gephyrocapsa oceanica (Haptophyta) life stages El Mahdi BENDIFa* & Jeremy YOUNGb aMarine Biological Association of the UK, Plymouth, UK bDepartment of Earth Sciences, University College, London, UK Résumé – Gephyrocapsa oceanica est une espèce cosmopolite de coccolithophores appar- tenant à la famille des Noëlaerhabdaceae dans l’ordre des Isochrysidales. Exclusivement pélagique, G. oceanica est fréquemment retrouvée dans les océans modernes ainsi que dans les sédiments fossiles. Aussi, elle est apparentée à Emiliania huxleyi chez qui un cycle haplodiplobiontique a été décrit, avec un stade diploïde ou les cellules sont immobiles et ornées de coccolithes, qui alterne avec un stade haploïde ou les cellules sont mobiles et ornées d’écailles organiques. Alors que la cytologie et l’ultrastructure des autres membres des Noëlaerhabdaceae n’ont jamais été étudié, ces caractères peuvent être uniques au genre Emiliania ou communs à la famille. Dans cette étude, nous présentons pour la première fois l’ultrastructure des stades non-calcifiants mobiles et calcifiants immobile de G. oceanica. Nous n’avons pas retrouvé de différences ultrastructurales significatives entre ces deux morpho-espèces apparentées au niveau des stades diploïdes et haploïdes. Les similarités entre ces deux morpho-espèces démontrent une importante conservation des caractères cytologiques. Par ailleurs, nous avons discuté de la vraisemblance de ces résultats en rapport au contexte évolutif des Noelaerhabdaceae. Calcification / coccolithophores / Gephyrocapsa oceanica / cycle de vie / microscopie électronique à transmission / ultrastructure Abstract – Gephyrocapsa oceanica is a cosmopolitan bloom-forming coccolithophore species belonging to the haptophyte order Isochrysidales and family Noëlaerhabdaceae.
    [Show full text]
  • Protista (PDF)
    1 = Astasiopsis distortum (Dujardin,1841) Bütschli,1885 South Scandinavian Marine Protoctista ? Dingensia Patterson & Zölffel,1992, in Patterson & Larsen (™ Heteromita angusta Dujardin,1841) Provisional Check-list compiled at the Tjärnö Marine Biological * Taxon incertae sedis. Very similar to Cryptaulax Skuja Laboratory by: Dinomonas Kent,1880 TJÄRNÖLAB. / Hans G. Hansson - 1991-07 - 1997-04-02 * Taxon incertae sedis. Species found in South Scandinavia, as well as from neighbouring areas, chiefly the British Isles, have been considered, as some of them may show to have a slightly more northern distribution, than what is known today. However, species with a typical Lusitanian distribution, with their northern Diphylleia Massart,1920 distribution limit around France or Southern British Isles, have as a rule been omitted here, albeit a few species with probable norhern limits around * Marine? Incertae sedis. the British Isles are listed here until distribution patterns are better known. The compiler would be very grateful for every correction of presumptive lapses and omittances an initiated reader could make. Diplocalium Grassé & Deflandre,1952 (™ Bicosoeca inopinatum ??,1???) * Marine? Incertae sedis. Denotations: (™) = Genotype @ = Associated to * = General note Diplomita Fromentel,1874 (™ Diplomita insignis Fromentel,1874) P.S. This list is a very unfinished manuscript. Chiefly flagellated organisms have yet been considered. This * Marine? Incertae sedis. provisional PDF-file is so far only published as an Intranet file within TMBL:s domain. Diplonema Griessmann,1913, non Berendt,1845 (Diptera), nec Greene,1857 (Coel.) = Isonema ??,1???, non Meek & Worthen,1865 (Mollusca), nec Maas,1909 (Coel.) PROTOCTISTA = Flagellamonas Skvortzow,19?? = Lackeymonas Skvortzow,19?? = Lowymonas Skvortzow,19?? = Milaneziamonas Skvortzow,19?? = Spira Skvortzow,19?? = Teixeiromonas Skvortzow,19?? = PROTISTA = Kolbeana Skvortzow,19?? * Genus incertae sedis.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Coccolithophore Cell Biology: Chalking up Progress 1 2 Authors: 3
    1 Coccolithophore cell biology: chalking up progress 2 3 Authors: 4 *Alison R. Taylor ([email protected]) 5 Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina 6 Wilmington, North Carolina, 28403, USA 7 8 Colin Brownlee ([email protected]) 9 The Marine Biological Association, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, PL1 2PB, 10 UK. 11 and 12 School of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Southampton, National 13 Oceanography Centre, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK. 14 15 Glen Wheeler ([email protected]) 16 The Marine Biological Association, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, PL12PB, 17 UK 18 19 *author for correspondence 20 21 22 23 Keywords: Calcification, dimethylsulfoniopropionate, Emiliania, haptophyte, 24 mixotrophy, vesicle, virus. 25 26 1 1 Table of Contents 2 1.0 Introduction to coccolithophores 3 2.0 Evolution of coccolithophores 4 3.0 Cell biology, lifecycle and ecological niches 5 3.1 Life cycle transitions 6 3.2 Mixotrophy 7 4.0 Biotic interactions 8 4.1 Bacteria 9 4.2 Viruses 10 5.0 Coccolithophore metabolism and physiological diversity 11 5.1 Carbon metabolism 12 5.2 Osmoprotectants 13 6.0 Recent insights into functional roles of calcification 14 6.1 Defense from pathogens and grazers 15 6.2 Modulation of diffusion boundary layer 16 6.3 Modulating the light field and energy balance 17 7.0 Opening the ‘black box’ of vital effects in coccolithophores 18 8.0 Calcification mechanism 19 8.1 Ultrastructure and role of intracellular membranes 20 8.2 Role of organic components in calcification 21 8.2.1 Coccolith associated polysaccharide 22 8.2.2 Coccolith associated proteins 23 8.3 Ion transport 24 8.4 The problem of protons 25 8.5 New paradigms for calcification 26 9.0 Coccolithophore distribution, diversity and adaptation 27 10.0 Concluding remarks 28 2 1 Abstract 2 Coccolithophores occupy a special position within the marine phytoplankton due to 3 their production of intricate calcite scales, or coccoliths.
    [Show full text]
  • Download (2MB)
    https://theses.gla.ac.uk/ Theses Digitisation: https://www.gla.ac.uk/myglasgow/research/enlighten/theses/digitisation/ This is a digitised version of the original print thesis. Copyright and moral rights for this work are retained by the author A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge This work cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Enlighten: Theses https://theses.gla.ac.uk/ [email protected] EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE GENUS CHRYSOTILA (ORDER ISOCHRYSIDALES, CLASS HAPTOPHYCEAE) Thesis presented by JOHN R. STANIER, B.Sc. for the degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of Science in the UNIVERSITY of GLASGOW DECEMBER 1979 ProQuest Number: 10647160 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uesL ProQuest 10647160 Published by ProQuest LLO (2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLO.
    [Show full text]