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Bats of Stanley Park

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Bats of Stanley Park Bats of Stanley Park BCIT Fish, Wildlife, and Recreation Program Erin Rutherford and Doug Sinclair 2009-2010 BATS OF STANLEY PARK BY ERIN RUTHERFORD DOUG SINCLAIR A REPORT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DIPLOMA OF TECHNOLOGY In FISH, WILDLIFE AND RECREATION MANAGEMENT RENEWABLE RESOURCES TECHNOLOGY SCHOOL OF CONSTRUCTION AND THE ENVIRONMENT We accept this report as conforming to the required standard _______________________________________ Supervisor _______________________________________ Program Head BRITISH COLUMBIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY May 2010 ii Summary Bats are important and understudied animals in the ecosystems of British Columbia. The Lower Mainland of BC is known to support up to 10 bat species, yet little research on bats has been conducted in this region. The Bats of Stanley Park project was initiated by the Stanley Park Ecology Society in cooperation with the BCIT Fish, Wildlife and Recreation program to learn more about the bats of the Lower Mainland of BC and raise awareness on their role in the ecosystem. Surveys of bats and their habitat were carried out from summer of 2009 through the spring of 2010 to investigate the presence and distribution of bats in Stanley Park. Acoustic surveys using an ultrasonic bat detector examined bat activity distribution within the park spatially and seasonally. Bat activity was found to be concentrated around freshwater, with the highest levels of activity occurring in the spring and summer. Mist-net trapping was conducted to identify bat species using the park. During the project four bat species were confirmed in the park; the Yuma Myotis (Myotis yumanensis), the Little Brown Myotis (Myotis lucifugus), the Big Brown Bat (Eptesicus fuscus) and the Silver-haired bat (Lasionycteris noctivagans). Bat habitat features in the park were also examined using ground-based wildlife tree surveys and Stanley Park map data. Mapping revealed potential roost trees in riparian areas and a diversity of habitat types throughout the park. Raising awareness on the bats of BC is an important component of the Bats of Stanley Park project. An education module was created to help people understand why protecting bats and enhancing their habitat is positive for the ecosystem as a whole. The curriculum-based BC bat education program for grades 5-7 gives youth a chance to learn about the benefits of bats and potentially become partners in protecting bats in BC. Providing public education and stewardship for bat habitat helps ensure that bats remain an integral part of the ecosystems of BC. iii Table of Contents Summary ................................................................................................................................... iii List of Tables............................................................................................................................. vii List of Figures .......................................................................................................................... viii Acknowledgments ....................................................................................................................... x 1.0 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Bats and Stanley Park ...................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Stanley Park Ecology Society and Wildlife Research ........................................................ 2 1.3 Purpose and Objectives .................................................................................................... 3 2.0 Bat Species Natural History .................................................................................................. 3 2.1 Silver-haired Bat (Lasionycteris noctivagans) ................................................................... 5 2.2 Big Brown Bat (Eptesicus fuscus) ..................................................................................... 6 2.3 Hoary Bat (Lasiurus cinereus) .......................................................................................... 6 2.4 Townsend’s Big-eared Bat (Corynorhinus townsendii) ...................................................... 6 2.5 Keen’s Myotis (Myotis keenii) ........................................................................................... 7 2.6 Little Brown Myotis (Myotis lucifugus) ............................................................................... 7 2.7 Yuma Myotis (Myotis yumanensis) ................................................................................... 8 2.8 California Myotis (Myotis californicus) ............................................................................... 8 2.9 Western Long-eared Myotis (Myotis evotis) ...................................................................... 8 2.10 Long-legged Myotis (Myotis volans) ................................................................................ 9 3.0 Study Area ..........................................................................................................................10 4.0 Methods ..............................................................................................................................14 4.1 Colony Emergence Count ................................................................................................14 4.2 Acoustic Monitoring .........................................................................................................14 4.2.1 Summer Acoustic Monitoring ........................................................................................15 iv 4.2.2 Winter Acoustic Monitoring ...........................................................................................16 4.3 Mist-Net Trapping ............................................................................................................16 4.4 Habitat Survey .................................................................................................................19 4.5 Education Module ............................................................................................................20 5.0 Results and Discussion .......................................................................................................21 5.1 Colony Emergence Count ................................................................................................21 5.2 Summer Acoustic Monitoring ...........................................................................................22 5.3 Fall-Winter Acoustic Monitoring .......................................................................................27 5.4 Mist Net Trapping ............................................................................................................28 5.5 Habitat .............................................................................................................................31 5.5.1 Stanley Park Map Survey ..........................................................................................32 5.5.2 Wildlife Tree Survey ..................................................................................................35 6.0 Education Module ...............................................................................................................37 7.0 Conclusion and Recommendations .....................................................................................39 8.0 List of References ...............................................................................................................41 9.0 Appendices .........................................................................................................................46 Appendix 1 Mist-Net Capture Data ........................................................................................46 Appendix 2 Mist-Net Trapping Permit ....................................................................................50 Appendix 3 Brilliant Bats Education Program .........................................................................51 3.1 Brilliant Bats Lesson Plan .............................................................................................51 3.2 Brilliant Bats Presentation Script Overview...................................................................52 3.3 Comparative Bat Anatomy Game .................................................................................53 Objectives ..........................................................................................................................53 Materials ............................................................................................................................53 Description .........................................................................................................................53 3.4 Echolocation Game ......................................................................................................54 Objectives ..........................................................................................................................54 Materials ............................................................................................................................54 Description .........................................................................................................................54 v 3.5 School Grounds Interpretive Walk ................................................................................54
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