Management Standard for Banned & Controlled Substances Uap.01226 Ab
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221 Gaas GRADED A
USOO6403874B1 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 6,403,874 B1 Shakouri et al. (45) Date of Patent: *Jun. 11, 2002 (54) HIGH-EFFICIENCY HETEROSTRUCTURE OTHER PUBLICATIONS THERMONIC COOLERS N N. W. Ashcroft, et al., Solid State Physics, manual, 1976, pp. (75) Inventors: Ali Shakouri, Santa Cruz; John E. 318-319, 320-321, 362-363. Bowers, Santa Barbara, both of CA D. A. Broido et al., “Effect of Superlattice structure on the (US) th ermoelectriclectric fiIlgure OIf meril:t: , Theline Am erican PhPinySIca 1 Society (Physical Review B.), vol. 51, No. 19, May 15, (73) Assignee: The Regents of the University of 1995, pp. 13797-800. California, Oakland, CA (US) D. A. Broido et al., “Comment of Use of quantum well Superlattices to obtain high figure of merit from nonconven (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this tional thermoelectric materials”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 63, 3230 patent is extended or adjusted under 35 (1993), Applied Physics Letters, vol. 67, No. 8, Aug. 21, U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. 1995, pp. 1170–1171. D. A. Broido et al., “Thermoelectric figure or merit of This patent is Subject to a terminal dis- quantum wire Superlattices”, Applied Physics Letters, Jul. 3, claimer. 1995, vol. 67, No. 1, 100-102. (21) Appl. No.: 09/441,787 (List continued on next page.) (22) Filed: Nov. 17, 1999 Primary Examiner—Bruce F. Bell ASSistant Examiner Thomas H Parsons Related U.S. Application Data (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Gates & Cooper LLP (60) Pisional application No. 60/109,342, filed on Nov. -
Growthmechanismand Characteristics of Semiconductor Nanowires For
www.symbiosisonline.org Symbiosis www.symbiosisonlinepublishing.com Research Article Nanoscience & Technology: Open Access Open Access Growth Mechanism and Characteristics of Semiconductor Nanowires for Photonic Devices N. B Singh1, S. R Coriell1, Matthew King2, Brian Wagner2, David Kahler2, David Knuteson2, Andre Berghman2 and Sean McLaughlin2 1University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 2Northrop Grumman Corporation ES, 1212 Winterson Road, Linthicum, MD 21250 Received: March 31, 2014; Accepted: April 27, 2014; Published: April 29, 2014 *Corresponding author: N. B Singh, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 photodiodes (A Abstract photon counting applications. These arecapable of low-light An overview on the growth mechanism of nanowire, fabrication detectionand havePDs) great are potentialvery capable for the detectors variety ofin applications. finding and and performance of selenide nanowires devices is presented. Growth of nano particles and preliminary results on the formation Binary, ternary and quaternary selenides have relatively low optical of nanowires of lead selenide is reported. Results are presented for the zinc selenide nanowire based devices, performance and combination of properties of selenides makes them very important materialsabsorption for coefficient detector andapplications. have wide Lead transparency selenide (PbSe)range. nanoThis particles and nanowires were grown by the physical vapor transport to device arrays. (PVT) method and zinc selenide (ZnSe) nanowire was grown by more specifically the ability to transition from single NW devices chemical vapor transport (CVT) methods. Observations on the growth Experimental Method of PbSe indicate that oriented attachment of nanocrystal building Materials purification blocks produces nanowires. On silicon (111) substrates binding was observed to be on (001) and (111) faces. -
Journal of Materials Chemistry C Rscpublishing COMMUNICATION
Journal of Materials Chemistry C RSCPublishing COMMUNICATION The room temperature phosphine-free organometallic synthesis of near-infrared emitting Cite this: DOI: 10.1039/x0xx00000x HgSe quantum dots H. Mirzai,a M. N. Nordin,b,c R. J. Curry,b J.-S. Bouillard,a A. V. Zayats,a M. a Received 00th January 2012, Green* Accepted 00th January 2012 DOI: 10.1039/x0xx00000x Luminescent mercury selenide (HgSe) quantum dots have been synthesised by a phosphine- free method using oleic acid as a capping agent. The modification of experimental conditions www.rsc.org/ such as temperature resulted in particles of various sizes (15 - 100 nm) and morphologies not previously seen in HgSe, with emission tuneable between 1000 nm and 1350 nm. The popularity of semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) and b Advanced Technology Institute, Department of Electronic Engineering, their association with next-generation opto-electronic devices University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey.UK GU2 7XH c and biomedical applications has grown rapidly over the last Present address: Medical Engineering Technology Department, University Kuala Lumpur, 53100, Gombak, Malaysia. years. Current research focuses on various synthetic routes as a means to modify QD characteristics to satisfy specific due to the lack of obvious and safe precursors (despite the optical and magnetic requirements for applications such as fact that many early routes to nano-dispersed semiconductors biological imaging,1 telecommunications,2 photodetection3 4 were based on mercury chalcogenides). We have focused on and solar energy. Quantum dots have provided a new source mercury chalcogenides due to their low reaction temperatures of electromagnetic radiation on the nano-scale. -
Properties of Sputtered Mercury Telluride Contacts on P-Type Cadmium Telluride A
Properties of sputtered mercury telluride contacts on p-type cadmium telluride A. Zozime, C. Vermeulin To cite this version: A. Zozime, C. Vermeulin. Properties of sputtered mercury telluride contacts on p-type cadmium telluride. Revue de Physique Appliquée, Société française de physique / EDP, 1988, 23 (11), pp.1825- 1835. 10.1051/rphysap:0198800230110182500. jpa-00246011 HAL Id: jpa-00246011 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/jpa-00246011 Submitted on 1 Jan 1988 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Revue Phys. Appl. 23 (1988) 1825-1835 NOVEMBRE 1988, 1825 Classification Physics Abstracts 73.40 - 79.20 Properties of sputtered mercury telluride contacts on p-type cadmium telluride A. Zozime and C. Vermeulin Laboratoire de Physique des Matériaux, CNRS, 1 place A. Briand, 92195 Meudon Cedex, France (Reçu le 12 avril 1988, révisé le 29 juillet 1988, accepté le 16 août 1988) Résumé. 2014 La valeur élevée du travail de sortie du composé semi-métallique HgTe (q03A6m ~ 5.9 eV) a conduit à utiliser ce matériau pour réaliser des contacts ohmiques de faible résistance spécifique 03C1c (03A9 cm2) sur le composé semi-conducteur II-VI CdTe de type p, dans la gamme des résistivités 70 03A9 cm 03C1B 45 k03A9 cm. -
Trends in Performance Limits of the HOT Infrared Photodetectors
applied sciences Review Trends in Performance Limits of the HOT Infrared Photodetectors Antoni Rogalski 1, Piotr Martyniuk 1,*, Małgorzata Kopytko 1 and Weida Hu 2 1 Faculty of Advanced Technologies and Chemistry, Institute of Applied Physics, Military University of Technology, 2 Kaliskiego St., 00-908 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected] (A.R.); [email protected] (M.K.) 2 State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 500 Yu Tian Road, Shanghai 200083, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +48-26-183-92-15 Abstract: The cryogenic cooling of infrared (IR) photon detectors optimized for the mid- (MWIR, 3–5 µm) and long wavelength (LWIR, 8–14 µm) range is required to reach high performance. This is a major obstacle for more extensive use of IR technology. Focal plane arrays (FPAs) based on thermal detectors are presently used in staring thermal imagers operating at room temperature. However, their performance is modest; thermal detectors exhibit slow response, and the multispectral detection is difficult to reach. Initial efforts to develop high operating temperature (HOT) photodetectors were focused on HgCdTe photoconductors and photoelectromagnetic detectors. The technological efforts have been lately directed on advanced heterojunction photovoltaic HgCdTe detectors. This paper presents the several approaches to increase the photon-detectors room-temperature performance. Various kinds of materials are considered: HgCdTe, type-II AIIIBV superlattices, two-dimensional materials and colloidal quantum dots. Keywords: HOT IR detectors; HgCdTe; P-i-N; BLIP condition; 2D material photodetectors; colloidal quantum dot photodetectors Citation: Rogalski, A.; Martyniuk, P.; Kopytko, M.; Hu, W. -
Activity 8 How Atoms Interact with Each Other
CS_Ch7_PeriodicTbl 4/27/06 1:45 PM Page 442 The Periodic Table Activity 8 How Atoms Interact with Each Other GOALS What Do You Think? In this activity you will: You have learned that the chemical behavior of an atom is • Relate patterns in ionization determined by the arrangement of the atom’s electrons, energies of elements to specifically the valence electrons. The salt that you put on patterns in electron your food is chemically referred to as NaCl—sodium chloride. arrangements. • Use your knowledge of • How might the valence electrons of sodium (Na) and electron arrangements and chlorine (Cl) interact to create this bond? valence electrons to predict formulas for compounds Record your ideas about this question in your Active formed by two elements. Chemistry log. Be prepared to discuss your responses with • Contrast ionic bonding and your small group and the class. covalent bonding. • Draw electron-dot diagrams Investigate for simple molecules with 1. In Activity 3 you read that John Dalton assumed that covalent bonding. chemical compounds formed from two elements combined in the simplest possible combination—one atom of each element. In Activity 6 you began to see that an atom’s chemical behavior reflects its excess or deficiency of electrons relative to an atom of the closest noble gas on the periodic table. Use the list of ionization energies in Activity 6 to answer the following questions: 442 Active Chemistry CS_Ch7_PeriodicTbl 2/28/05 10:04 AM Page 443 Activity 8 How Atoms Interact with Each Other a) Which atoms have the smallest stable electron arrangement as neon. -
Operation Permit Application
Un; iy^\ tea 0 9 o Operation Permit Application Located at: 2002 North Orient Road Tampa, Florida 33619 (813) 623-5302 o Training Program TRAINING PROGRAM for Universal Waste & Transit Orient Road Tampa, Florida m ^^^^ HAZARDOUS WAb 1 P.ER^AlTTlNG TRAINING PROGRAM MASTER INDEX CHAPTER 1: Introduction Tab A CHAPTER 2: General Safety Manual Tab B CHAPTER 3: Protective Clothing Guide Tab C CHAPTER 4: Respiratory Training Program Tab D APPENDIX 1: Respiratory Training Program II Tab E CHAPTER 5: Basic Emergency Training Guide Tab F CHAPTER 6: Facility Operations Manual Tab G CHAPTER 7: Land Ban Certificates Tab H CHAPTER 8: Employee Certification Statement Tab. I CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION prepared by Universal Waste & Transit Orient Road Tampa Florida Introducti on STORAGE/TREATMENT PERSONNEL TRAINING PROGRAM All personnel involved in any handling, transportation, storage or treatment of hazardous wastes are required to start the enclosed training program within one-week after the initiation of employment at Universal Waste & Transit. This training program includes the following: Safety Equipment Personnel Protective Equipment First Aid & CPR Waste Handling Procedures Release Prevention & Response Decontamination Procedures Facility Operations Facility Maintenance Transportation Requirements Recordkeeping We highly recommend that all personnel involved in the handling, transportation, storage or treatment of hazardous wastes actively pursue additional technical courses at either the University of South Florida, or Tampa Junior College. Recommended courses would include general chemistry; analytical chemistry; environmental chemistry; toxicology; and additional safety and health related topics. Universal Waste & Transit will pay all registration, tuition and book fees for any courses which are job related. The only requirement is the successful completion of that course. -
Functions and Cellular Localization of Cysteine Desulfurase And
Functions and cellular localization of cysteine desulfurase and selenocysteine lyase in Trypanosoma brucei Pavel Poliak1, Douglas Van Hoewyk2, Miroslav Obornı´k1, Alena Zı´kova´ 1,3, Kenneth D. Stuart3, Jan Tachezy4, Marinus Pilon5 and Julius Lukesˇ 1 1 Biology Centre, Institute of Parasitology and Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Cˇ eske´ Budeˇ jovice (Budweis), Czech Republic 2 Department of Biology, Coastal Carolina University, Conway, SC, USA 3 Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA 4 Department of Parasitology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic 5 Biology Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA Keywords Nfs-like proteins have cysteine desulfurase (CysD) activity, which removes Fe–S cluster; mitochondrion; RNAi; sulfur (S) from cysteine, and provides S for iron–sulfur cluster assembly selenoprotein; Trypanosoma and the thiolation of tRNAs. These proteins also have selenocysteine lyase activity in vitro, and cleave selenocysteine into alanine and elemental sele- Correspondence J. Lukesˇ, Institute of Parasitology, nium (Se). It was shown previously that the Nfs-like protein called Nfs Branisˇovska´ 31, 37005 Cˇ eske´ Budeˇ jovice, from the parasitic protist Trypanosoma brucei is a genuine CysD. A second Czech Republic Nfs-like protein is encoded in the nuclear genome of T. brucei. We called Fax: + 420 38 531 0388 this protein selenocysteine lyase (SCL) because phylogenetic analysis Tel: + 420 38 777 5416 reveals that it is monophyletic with known eukaryotic selenocysteine lyases. E-mail: [email protected] The Nfs protein is located in the mitochondrion, whereas the SCL protein seems to be present in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Unexpectedly, downre- (Revised 22 July 2009, revised 5 November 2009, accepted 9 November 2009) gulation of either Nfs or SCL protein leads to a dramatic decrease in both CysD and selenocysteine lyase activities concurrently in the mitochondrion doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07489.x and the cytosolic fractions. -
Preparation of Bismuth Telluride Specimens for TEM
Preparation of Bismuth Telluride Specimens for TEM Mark Homer1, Douglas L. Medlin2 1,2. Sandia National Laboratories, Energy Nanomaterials Dept., Livermore CA, USA Bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3) and its alloys are an important class of thermoelectric material. How well a thermoelectric material works is dependent on a variety of factors such as electrical and thermal conductivity and the Seeback coefficient. Because the electrical and thermal conductivity can be affected by defects in the material, there is much interest in the basic understanding the microstructures of these materials [1]. There are challenges in preparation of TEM specimens from telluride-based materials due to their sensitivity to ion-milling artifacts. For instance, nanoscale defect arrangements have been shown to form in lead telluride (PbTe) specimens prepared under aggressive ion milling conditions if cooling and power density is not suitably controlled [2]. In this presentation we discuss methods and conditions for preparing TEM specimens of Bi2Te3 specimens considering both ion-milling and electropolishing techniques. In all cases TEM specimens were mechanically pre-thinned using conventional mechanical dimpling and polishing techniques prior to final thinning to electron transparency. The ion-milled specimens were prepared with Ar+ ion sputtering using a Fischione Model 1010 ion mill with LN cooling. The electropolished specimens were prepared using a Fischione Model 120 electropolisher and an electrolyte consisting of 53% water, 38% glycerol, 5% sodium hydroxide, and 4% tartaric acid. The electrolyte was set in an ice bath and cooled to 2° C, and electropolished at 25V and 35mA. Figures 1 and 2 show dark-field TEM micrographs comparing ion milled and electropolished Bi2Te3 specimens. -
Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical
STANDARD THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES ∆ ° –1 ∆ ° –1 ° –1 –1 –1 –1 Molecular fH /kJ mol fG /kJ mol S /J mol K Cp/J mol K formula Name Crys. Liq. Gas Crys. Liq. Gas Crys. Liq. Gas Crys. Liq. Gas Ac Actinium 0.0 406.0 366.0 56.5 188.1 27.2 20.8 Ag Silver 0.0 284.9 246.0 42.6 173.0 25.4 20.8 AgBr Silver(I) bromide -100.4 -96.9 107.1 52.4 AgBrO3 Silver(I) bromate -10.5 71.3 151.9 AgCl Silver(I) chloride -127.0 -109.8 96.3 50.8 AgClO3 Silver(I) chlorate -30.3 64.5 142.0 AgClO4 Silver(I) perchlorate -31.1 AgF Silver(I) fluoride -204.6 AgF2 Silver(II) fluoride -360.0 AgI Silver(I) iodide -61.8 -66.2 115.5 56.8 AgIO3 Silver(I) iodate -171.1 -93.7 149.4 102.9 AgNO3 Silver(I) nitrate -124.4 -33.4 140.9 93.1 Ag2 Disilver 410.0 358.8 257.1 37.0 Ag2CrO4 Silver(I) chromate -731.7 -641.8 217.6 142.3 Ag2O Silver(I) oxide -31.1 -11.2 121.3 65.9 Ag2O2 Silver(II) oxide -24.3 27.6 117.0 88.0 Ag2O3 Silver(III) oxide 33.9 121.4 100.0 Ag2O4S Silver(I) sulfate -715.9 -618.4 200.4 131.4 Ag2S Silver(I) sulfide (argentite) -32.6 -40.7 144.0 76.5 Al Aluminum 0.0 330.0 289.4 28.3 164.6 24.4 21.4 AlB3H12 Aluminum borohydride -16.3 13.0 145.0 147.0 289.1 379.2 194.6 AlBr Aluminum monobromide -4.0 -42.0 239.5 35.6 AlBr3 Aluminum tribromide -527.2 -425.1 180.2 100.6 AlCl Aluminum monochloride -47.7 -74.1 228.1 35.0 AlCl2 Aluminum dichloride -331.0 AlCl3 Aluminum trichloride -704.2 -583.2 -628.8 109.3 91.1 AlF Aluminum monofluoride -258.2 -283.7 215.0 31.9 AlF3 Aluminum trifluoride -1510.4 -1204.6 -1431.1 -1188.2 66.5 277.1 75.1 62.6 AlF4Na Sodium tetrafluoroaluminate -
Attachment 3-1 Guidance for Developing Ecological Soil
Attachment 3-1 Guidance for Developing Ecological Soil Screening Levels (Eco-SSLs) Eco-SSL Standard Operating Procedure (SOP # 1): Plant and Soil Invertebrate Literature Search and Acquisition OSWER Directive 92857-55 November 2003 This page intentionally left blank OVERVIEW Currently, there is a lack of clear guidance in setting terrestrial effect thresholds when conducting risk assessments. Without an EPA-approved, peer-reviewed, ecologically-based terrestrial effect database, the process to develop thresholds is problematic both to EPA, other federal agencies, states, and concerned private parties. Identification of published toxicity studies on invertebrates, microbial processes and plants is a key step in the derivation of benchmarks. The purpose of the Task Group 4, Standard Operating Procedure Number 1: Literature Search and Acquisition (referred to as TG4-SOP#1) is to document procedures used to identify and acquire potentially relevant toxicology literature for use in setting ecological soil screening levels. The literature search strategy is designed to locate worldwide terrestrial toxicity literature that includes the effects of chemicals of concern on terrestrial soil-dwelling invertebrates and plants. The literature acquisition process is designed to ensure timely acquisition of relevant publications. LITERATURE IDENTIFICATION Potentially relevant literature for developing ecological soil screening levels (Eco-SSLs) is identified by examining hard copies of relevant journals, bibliographies and guidance publications and through the use of a comprehensive computerized literature search strategy. These procedures are designed to locate worldwide terrestrial toxicology literature that includes the effects of specific toxic substances with an emphasis on exposure via soil. Paper-based Literature Identification The paper-based literature identification process includes the scanning of relevant review article bibliographies and key journals held in the U.S. -
Wo 2008/040002 A9
(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) CORRECTED VERSION (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (43) International Publication Date (10) International Publication Number 3 April 2008 (03.04.2008) PCT WO 2008/040002 A9 (51) International Patent Classification: (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every A61K 31/095 (2006.01) A61P 9/00 (2006.01) kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, A61K 33/04 (2006.01) A61P 11/00 (2006.01) AT,AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BR, BW, BY,BZ, CA, CH, AOlN 1/00 (2006.01) A61P 41/00 (2006.01) CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, A61P 7/00 (2006.01) A61P 43/00 (2006.01) ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IS, JP, KE, KG, KM, KN, KR KR, KZ, LA, LC, LK, (21) International Application Number: LR, LS, LT, LU, LY,MA, MD, ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, PCT/US2007/079948 MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, PG, PH, PL, PT, RO, RS, RU, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, SV, SY, (22) International Filing Date: TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, 28 September 2007 (28.09.2007) ZM, ZW (25) Filing Language: English (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every (26) Publication Language: English kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, GM, KE, LS, MW, MZ, NA, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, UG, ZM, (30) Priority Data: ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, MD, RU, TJ, TM), 60/827,337 28 September 2006 (28.09.2006) US European (AT,BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, EE, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, HU, IE, IS, IT, LT,LU, LV,MC, MT, NL, PL, (71) US): Applicant (for all designated States except FRED PT, RO, SE, SI, SK, TR), OAPI (BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER GA, GN, GQ, GW, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG).