Kenya National Commission on Human Rights (Knchr)
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Post-Election Violence in Kenya
Spontaneous or Premeditated? DISCUSSION PAPER 57 SPONTANEOUS OR PREMEDITATED? Post-Election Violence in Kenya GODWIN R. MURUNGA NORDISKA AFRIKAINSTITUTET, UppSALA 2011 Indexing terms: Elections Violence Political violence Political crisis Ethnicity Democratization Kenya The opinions expressed in this volume are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of Nordiska Afrikainstitutet. Language checking: Peter Colenbrander ISSN 1104-8417 ISBN 978-91-7106-694-7 © The author and Nordiska Afrikainstitutet 2011 Production: Byrå4 Print on demand, Lightning Source UK Ltd. Spontaneous or Premeditated? Contents Contents ..............................................................................................................................................................3 Foreword .............................................................................................................................................................5 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................7 Post-Election Violence: Overview of the Literature .............................................................................8 A Note on the Kenyan Democratisation Processes ............................................................................13 Clash of Interpretations ................................................................................................................................17 The Ballot Box and -
Voter Registration
Your Vote, Your Future Table of Contents Acronyms vi Foreword viii Profi les Of Iiec Commissioners - 2009 -2011 x Executive Summary xiv CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 1.0 Historical Background 2 1.1 Formation and Mandate of the IIEC 4 1.2 Composition of the IIEC 5 1.3 Summary of the IIEC Achievements 5 CHAPTER 2: REFORMS IN THE ELECTORAL PROCESS AND MANAGEMENT OF ELECTIONS 9 2.0 Overview 10 2.1 Reform in the electoral Management Body 10 2.1.1 Creation of the IIEC as a new Electoral body 10 2.1.2 Establishment of a Secretariat 11 2.1.3 Legal Framework 11 2.1.4 Reform in the Management of elections 12 2.1.5 Increasing integration of Technology in Election 15 2.1.6 Regulating political parties 16 2.1.7 Introducing Performance Management in IIEC’s 15 CHAPTER 3: ESTABLISHMENT OF AN EFFICIENT AND EFFECTIVE SECRETARIAT 17 3.0 Overview 18 3.1 IIEC Secretariat 18 3.1.1 The Management Structure 18 3.1.2 Physical Facilities 22 3.1.3 Establishment of operational policies and Systems 22 3.1.4 Corporate and Operational Manuals 24 3.1.5 The IIEC Customer Service Charter 26 3.1.6 The Commission Charter 26 CHAPTER 4: PROMOTION OF FREE AND FAIR ELECTIONS 27 4.0 Overview 28 4.1 Marginalization and Inclusion 28 4.1.1 Expanding the Democratic Space 30 4.2 Integrity in Conducting Elections 32 CHAPTER 5: FRESH REGISTRATION OF VOTERS AND THE CREATION OF A NEW VOTERS’ REGISTER 35 Published by the Interim Independent Electoral Commission 5.0 Overview 36 Web address of this report: www.iiec.or.ke/ publications 5.1 Voter Registration 36 5.1.1 OMR and EVR Registration 36 -
Can African States Conduct Free and Fair Presidential Elections? Edwin Odhiambo Abuya
Northwestern Journal of International Human Rights Volume 8 | Issue 2 Article 1 Spring 2010 Can African States Conduct Free and Fair Presidential Elections? Edwin Odhiambo Abuya Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/njihr Recommended Citation Edwin Odhiambo Abuya, Can African States Conduct Free and Fair Presidential Elections?, 8 Nw. J. Int'l Hum. Rts. 122 (2010). http://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/njihr/vol8/iss2/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Northwestern Journal of International Human Rights by an authorized administrator of Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. Copyright 2010 by Northwestern University School of Law Volume 8, Issue 2 (Spring 2010) Northwestern Journal of International Human Rights Can African States Conduct Free and Fair Presidential Elections? Edwin Odhiambo Abuya* Asiyekubali kushindwa si msihindani.1 I. INTRODUCTION ¶1 Can African States hold free and fair elections? To put it another way, is it possible to conduct presidential elections in Africa that meet internationally recognized standards? These questions can be answered in the affirmative. However, in order to safeguard voting rights, specific reforms must be adopted and implemented on the ground. In keeping with international legal standards on democracy,2 the constitutions of many African states recognize the right to vote.3 This right is reflected in the fact that these states hold regular elections. The right to vote is fundamental in any democratic state, but an entitlement does not guarantee that right simply by providing for elections. -
Kenya at 50: Unrealized Rights of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples
report Kenya at 50: unrealized rights of minorities and indigenous peoples By Korir Sing’Oei Abraham Two young Turkana herders near the village of Kache Imeri in Turkana District, northern Kenya. Frederic Courbet / Panos. Acknowledgements also currently represents other minority groups in ongoing This document has been produced with strategic litigation and was a leading actor in the the financial assistance of the European development and drafting of Kenya’s constitutional Union. The contents of this document provisions on minority groups and marginalization. are the sole responsibility of Minority Rights Group International and can Minority Rights Group International under no circumstances be regarded as reflecting the Minority Rights Group International (MRG) is a position of the European Union. MRG's local implementation nongovernmental organization (NGO) working to secure the partner is the Ogiek Peoples Development Programme rights of ethnic, religious and linguistic minorities and (OPDP). indigenous peoples worldwide, and to promote cooperation and understanding between communities. Our activities are Commissioning Editor: Beth Walker, Production Coordinator: focused on international advocacy, training, publishing and Jasmin Qureshi, Copy editor: Sophie Richmond, outreach. We are guided by the needs expressed by our Typesetter: Kavita Graphics. worldwide partner network of organizations, which represent minority and indigenous peoples. The Author Korir Sing’Oei Abraham is a co-founder of the Centre for MRG works with over 150 organizations in nearly 50 Minority Rights Development. He is a human rights attorney countries. Our governing Council, which meets twice a year, and an advocate of the High Court of Kenya. For more than has members from 10 different countries. -
Kenya General Elections, 2017
FINAL REPORT REPUBLIC OF KENYA General Elections 2017 REPUBLIC OF KENYA European Union Election Observation Mission FINAL REPORT General Elections 2017 January 2018 This report contains the findings of the EU Election Observation Mission (EOM) on the general elections 2017 in Kenya. The EU EOM is independent from the European Union’s institutions, and therefore this report is not an official position of the European Union. KEY CONCLUSIONS OF THE EU EOM KENYA 2017 1. The Kenyan people, including five million young people able to vote for the first time, showed eagerness to participate in shaping the future of their country. However, the electoral process was damaged by political leaders attacking independent institutions and by a lack of dialogue between the two sides, with escalating disputes and violence. Eventually the opposition withdrew its presidential candidate and refused to accept the legitimacy of the electoral process. Structural problems and specific electoral issues both need to be addressed meaningfully to prevent problems arising during future elections. 2. Electoral reform needs to be carried out well in advance of any election, and to be based on broad consensus. The very late legal amendments and appointment of the leadership of the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (IEBC) before the 2017 elections put excessive pressure on the new election administration. 3. Despite efforts to improve the situation, there was a persistent lack of trust in the IEBC by the opposition and other stakeholders, demonstrating the need for greater independence and accountability as well as for sustained communication and more meaningful stakeholder consultation. There was improved use of technology, but insufficient capacity or security testing. -
ANNUAL REPORT & Financial Statements 2010-2011
ANNUAL REPORT & Financial Statements 2010-2011 © KHRC 2011 Table of Contents Acknowledgements 3 Message from the Chair 6 Foreword 7 .0. Introduction to Report 0 .. About the KHRC 0 .2. Context of the Year 0 .3. Introduction 2 2.0. Annual Report 4 2.. Building Social Movements 4 2.2. People’s Manifesto and Scorecard Initiative 7 2.3. Regional Advocacy Initiatives 2 2.4. Monitoring, Documenting and Responding to Human Rights Violations 23 2.5. Constitutional Reform 25 2.6. Transitional Justice 26 2.7. Business, Trade and Human Rights 29 2.8. Communication, Media and Publicity 3 2.9. Equality and Anti-Discrimination Campaign 33 2.0. Kenya Human Rights Institute 34 2.. Sustainability and Programme Effectiveness 34 3.0. Thank You 36 Winning Team 37 Financial Statements 38 • Kenya Human Rights Commission Pamoja Tutetee Haki 2 LisT of Abbreviations 0-20 ALPS Accountability, Learning and Planning System CADL Comprehensive Anti Discrimination Law CBO Community Based Organisation CDF Constituency Development Fund CDF Constituency Development Funds CIC Commission for the Implementation of the Constitution CIOC Constitutional Implementation Oversight Committee CoE Committee of Experts CRECO Constitution and Reform Education Consortium EPAs Economic Partnership Agreements FBOs Faith Based Organisations FCO Foreign and Commonwealth Office FIDA-Kenya Federation of Women Lawyers, Kenya GoK Government of Kenya HRDs Human Rights Defenders HURINETs Human Rights Networks Annual Report and Financial Statements 20 ICC International Criminal Court ICJ-Kenya -
Judicial Preparedness for Handling Electoral Disputes in Kenya and Beyond
AVOIDING VIOLENCE AND ENHANCING LEGITIMACY: JUDICIAL PREPAREDNESS FOR HANDLING ELECTORAL DISPUTES IN KENYA AND BEYOND Taylor Martyn LESSONS LEARNED PROGRAM As part of IDLO’s pledge to continuously enhance the impact of its work and be at the forefront of thinking on how change occurs and can be fostered in the rule of law field, the IDLO Lessons Learned Program analyzes select IDLO programs in combination with international theory and practice. The aim is to learn what types of interventions can lead to positive change, under what conditions, and how such change can be sustained. In order to share good practices both internally as well as with the broader rule of law community, findings are compiled in a series of Lessons Learned Briefs, to be used in program design and implementation, and as ‘building blocks’ for evidence-based theories of change. IDLO – LESSONS LEARNED BRIEF TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Acronyms 4 List of Tables and Figures 5 1. INTRODUCTION 6 2. ELECTORAL DISPUTE RESOLUTION SYSTEMS ARE IMPORTANT AND REQUIRE ELECTORAL DISPUTE PREPARATION PROGRAMMING 10 JUDICIARIES FACE CHALLENGES IN HANDLING ELECTORAL DISPUTES 12 3. BUILDING BLOCKS OF A THEORY OF CHANGE FOR PROGRAMMING ON PREPARING THE JUDICIARY FOR ELECTORAL DISPUTES 13 BUILDING BLOCK 1: ELECTORAL DISPUTE PREPARATION INTERVENTION LOGIC 14 BUILDING BLOCK 2: ELECTORAL DISPUTE PREPARATION PROGRAMMATIC APPROACH 28 BUILDING BLOCK 3: EMBEDDING ELECTORAL DISPUTE PREPARATION IN THE WIDER CONTEXT 33 4. CONCLUSION AND WAY FORWARD 39 Acknowledgments 43 3 IDLO – LESSONS LEARNED BRIEF -
In the Spirit of Harambee
THE EQUAL RIGHTS TRUST IN PARTNERSHIP WITH THE KENYA HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION In the Spirit of Harambee Addressing Discrimination and Inequality in Kenya ERT Country Report Series: 1 London, February 2012 The Equal Rights Trust (ERT) is an independent international organisation whose purpose is to combat discrimination and promote equality as a fundamental human right and a basic principle of social justice. Established as an advocacy organisation, resource centre and think tank, ERT focuses on the complex relationship between different types of discrimination, developing strategies for translating the principles of equality into practice. © February 2012 The Equal Rights Trust © Cover February 2012 Dafina Gueorguieva Printed in the UK by Prontaprint Bayswater DesignISBN: and layout: 978-0-9560717-5-0 Dafina Gueorguieva All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated, reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by other means without the prior written permission of the publisher, or a licence for restricted copying from the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd., UK, or the Copyright Clearance Centre, USA. The Equal Rights Trust 126 North End Road London W14 9PP United Kingdom Tel. +44 (0) 207 610 2786 Fax: +44 (0) 203 441 7436 www.equalrightstrust.org The Equal Rights Trust is a company limited by guarantee incorporated in England, and a registered charity. Company number 5559173. Charity number 1113288. “Our motto ‘harambee’* was conceived in the realisation of the challenge of national building that now lies ahead of us. It was conceived in the knowl- edge that to meet this challenge, the government and the people of Kenya must pull together. -
Kenya – Whistle-Blowers – Corruption – Opposition Parties – Political Activists – Ethnic Pokomo
Refugee Review Tribunal AUSTRALIA RRT RESEARCH RESPONSE Research Response Number: KEN34144 Country: Kenya Date: 16 December 2008 Keywords: Kenya – Whistle-blowers – Corruption – Opposition parties – Political activists – Ethnic Pokomo This response was prepared by the Research & Information Services Section of the Refugee Review Tribunal (RRT) after researching publicly accessible information currently available to the RRT within time constraints. This response is not, and does not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum. This research response may not, under any circumstance, be cited in a decision or any other document. Anyone wishing to use this information may only cite the primary source material contained herein. Questions 1. Please provide any information on the protection of “whistle-blowers”, who expose corruption in the Kenyan government. 2. Please provide any information on the treatment of supporters of the Kenyan opposition. 3. Please provide any information on the treatment of those of Pokomo ethnicity. RESPONSE 1. Please provide any information on the protection of “whistle-blowers”, who expose corruption in the Kenyan government. Sources quoted below report that government corruption remains a problem in Kenya. The Witness Protection Act was passed in 2006, however, delays with implementation and weaknesses in the Act limit its effectiveness. Whistle-blowers in Kenya are at risk of violence and discrimination. The information provided in response to this question has been organised into the following eight sections: • Government Corruption; • Kenya Anti-Corruption Commission; • Whistleblower Reporting System; • Witness Protection; • Effectiveness of Witness Protection; • Freedom of Information Bill; • Other Laws; • Examples of Whistle-Blowing. -
Assessing the Impact of Kenya's Trade and Investment Policies and Agreements on Human Rights - 5 the Republic of Kenya: Key Facts
In cooperation with the Centre for Research on Multinational Corporations (SOMO) ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OR HUMAN RIGHTS? Assessing the Impact of Kenya’s Trade and Investment Policies and Agreements on Human Rights International Fact-Finding Mission Article 1 : All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one ano- ther in a spirit of brotherhood. Article 2 : Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or terri- tory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or un- der any other limitation of sovereignty. n°506a October 2008 2 Table of contents I. Introducing the Mission........................................................................................................4 Map of Kenya.........................................................................................................................5 The Republic of Kenya: Key Facts........................................................................................6 II. The Human Rights Framework..........................................................................................7 1. Identification of duty holders.............................................................................................7 -
Kenya National Human Rights Book 2011 EDITED2
THE THIRD ST THE THIRD STATE OF In the world of Human Rights Protection and enforcement, there are few issues as important as monitoring and accountability, hence a report such as this plays a crucial function in providing a snapshot- a bird’s eye view - HUMAN RIGHTS A of the state of human rights in Kenya in 2010. TE OF HUMAN RIGHTS REPOR REPORT Prof. J Oloka-Onyango, Director of the Human Rights & Peace Centre (HURIPEC) and former Dean of Law at Makerere University, Uganda. It is laudable that this report devotes significant attention to economic and social rights. In Kenya public and policy discussions on access to electricity, water, education, food, health and housing are still not sufficiently linked to T - the discourse on human rights. KNCHR will have made an important A Human Rights Assessment of contribution to the promotion of human rights in Kenya if it succeeds in reshaping the discussions on these rights. Dr. Willy Mutunga Senior Counsel, Regional Representative, Eastern Africa Office, A HUMAN RIGHTS ASSESSMENT Ford Foundation. OF KENYA VISION 2030 K January 2008 - June 2010 eny a V ision 2030 Published by Kenya National Commission on Human Rights Ist Floor, CVS Plaza, Lenana Road P. O. Box 74359 - 00200, Nairobi Kenya Tel: +254 020 2717900/08 Fax: +254 020 271616 Email: [email protected] © Kenya National Commission on Human Rights, 2011 The Third State of Human Rights Report A Human Rights Assessment of Kenya Vision 2030 Published by Kenya National Commission on Human Rights P.O. Box 74359 - 00200 Nairobi Kenya. © Kenya National commission on Human Rights, 2011 Excerpts from this report may be reproduced, provided that there is an acknowledgement to the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights THE THIRD STATE OF HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT AA HumanHuman RightsRights AssessmentAssessment OfOf KenyaKenya VisionVision 20302030 JanuaryJanuary 20082008 -- JuneJune 20102010 Kenya National Commission on Human Rights The Third State of Human Rights Report FOREWORD The KNCHR is to be commended for producing its Third State of Human Rights Report. -
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Human Rights and Business Country Guide Kenya Table of Contents Table of Contents ..................................................................................................... 2 How to Use this Guide .............................................................................................. 3 Rights Holders at Risk ............................................................................................... 7 Child Labour ........................................................................................................... 18 Forced Labour ........................................................................................................ 23 Occupational Health & Safety ................................................................................. 26 Trade Unions .......................................................................................................... 29 Working Conditions ................................................................................................ 33 Environment .......................................................................................................... 39 Land & Property ..................................................................................................... 49 Revenue Transparency & Management .................................................................. 54 Security & Conflict .................................................................................................. 62 Access to Remedy ..................................................................................................