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Hazardous Materials WORKBOOK

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Hazardous Materials WORKBOOK PACE/Labor Institute Hazardous Materials WORKBOOK Written and Produced by THE LABOR INSTITUTE for the PAPER, ALLIED-INDUSTRIAL, CHEMICAL AND ENERGY WORKERS INTERNATIONAL UNION PACE/The Labor Institute Hazardous Materials Workbook PACE/The Labor Institute Hazardous Materials Workbook Written and produced by The Labor Institute for the Paper, Allied-Industrial, Chemical and Energy Workers International Union Edition 8.1 © 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1995, 1996, 1999 by The Labor Institute All rights reserved. Edition 8.1 1999. Published by The Apex Press, an imprint of the Council on International and Public Affairs, Inc., 777 United Nations Plaza, New York, New York 10017 (800-316-APEX). ISBN 0-945257-70-8 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 90-30801 Printed in the United States of America Project Team Project Director: Joe Anderson, Associate Director for Grant Administration, PACE Health and Safety Coordinator: Sylvia Kieding, OCAW Training and Curriculum Director: Les Leopold, The Labor Institute Design and Illustration: Howard Saunders, The Labor Institute Senior Consultants: Robert Wages, Executive Vice President, PACE Tony Mazzocchi, PACE Grant Administrator: Doug Stephens, PACE Associate Director: Paul Renner, The Labor Institute Curriculum Consultants Technical Advisor: Mark Griffon, University of Massachusetts/Lowell Research Director: David Dembo, Council on International and Public Affairs, New York, NY Chief Medical Advisor: Dr. Steven Markowitz, Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY Evaluation Coordinator: Tobbi Lippin, New Perspectives Consulting Group Desktop Publishing: Cydney Wilkes, The Labor Institute This book is written and produced by The Labor Institute, a non-profit organization (853 Broadway, Room 2014, New York, New York 10003, (212) 674-3322), for the Paper, Allied-Industrial, Chemical and Energy Workers International Union (P.O. Box 1475, Nashville, TN 372020, (615) 834-8590). The primary structure, writing, editing, layout and illustration are the responsibility of The Labor Institute staff, members of PACE 2-149. This workbook is designed for use by PACE worker-trainers who are conducting 8-hour and 24-hour hazardous materials courses. Please be advised that this edition is in a continuous editing process based on the field experiences of the PACE worker-trainers. All requests to use or reproduce this material must be made to Joe Anderson at the Paper, Allied-Industrial, Chemical and Energy Workers International Union (address above) and The Labor Institute (address above). Funds for this project are provided by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. v PACE Worker-Trainers Atlantic Region Hasim Abdur-Rahim, East Orange, NJ Local 2-397 Robert Beck, Edison, NJ Local 2-397 Ernie Blankenship, Lenoir City, TN Local 5-288 F. Alexander Bowders, Morgantown, WV Local 5-957 Robin Bryant, Chester, PA Local 2-234 Bernard Coble, Ellendale, TN Local 5-631 Steve Coleman, Coram, NY Local 1-431 Joseph Davis, Jr., Pulaski, VA Local 2-495 Esther Downey, Portsmouth, OH Local 5-689 Edward N. Elder, Mayfield, KY Local 5-550 Delores Evans, Memphis, TN Local 5-770 Lou Evers, Riverhead, NY Local 1-431 Phillip Foley, Symsonia, KY Local 5-550 Michael Gill, Chillicothe, OH Local 5-689 Shirley Guyader, New Brunswick, NJ Local 2-438 Sheila Harris, Jonesborough, TN Local 5-288 James N. Hendricks, Kingston, TN Local 5-288 Mark K. Lewis, Waverly, OH Local 5-689 Thomas L. Moser, Lenoir City, TN Local 5-288 Dan Picard, Bayonne, NJ Local 1-406 Glenn Powell, Louisville, KY Local 5-367 Alphonse Rainer, LaCenter, KY Local 5-550 Connie M. Reedy, Loudon, TN Local 5-288 James Rodgers, West Paducah, KY Local 5-550 Carmen Toy-Fouse, Oak Ridge, TN Local 5-288 Ron Westmoreland, Harriman, TN Local 5-288 Gerold Wilkin, Hillsboro, OH Local 300 Great Lakes Region Frank Brewer, Franklin, OH Local 5-4200 Steve Cable, Canton, IL Local 6-807 Bill Davis, Warsaw, IL Local 8-249 A. Paige Gibson, W. Carrollton, OH Local 5-4200 Michael H. Gibson, Franklin, OH Local 5-4200 Karen Hale, Springboro, OH Local 5-4200 Rita Isker, Stillwater, MN Local 7-409 Pat Miller, River Falls, WI Local 7-717 Gary Nolley, Miamisburg, OH Local 5-4200 vi Eric Parker, Dayton, OH Local 5-4200 Virginia Robinson, Oakwood Village, OH Local 5-622 Tommie Rochelle, Chicago, IL Local 6-268 Brian Williams, Indianapolis, IN Local 6-706 Gulf Coast Region Kathy Burris, Deer Park, TX Local 4-227 Robert Collins, Pasadena, TX Local 4-367 Karyl Dunson, Beaumont, TX Local 4-243 Fabian Greenwell, Baytown, TX Local 4-6000 James Hopson, Eudora, KS Local 5-613 Gene Martin, Carriere, MS Local 4-447 Jerome Summers, Lake Charles, LA Local 4-555 Western Region Josie Beach, Kennewick, WA Local 8-369 Paula Bradford, Kennewick, WA Local 8-369 Jeff Conway, Kennewick, WA Local 8-369 John Coon, Kenai, AK Local 8-369 Brad Dodge, Pinole, CA Local 8-5 David Fry, Idaho Falls, ID Local 8-652 Gaylon Hanson, Rigby, ID Local 8-652 Mark Grajeda, Fort Lupton, CO Local 5-477 Dennis Hernandez, Pocatello, ID Local 8-632 Fraser Hubbard, Richland, WA Local 8-369 Daniel Koste, Arco, ID Local 8-652 Carl Martinez, Pocatello, ID Local 8-632 Grant McCalmant, Kennewick, WA Local 8-369 Teresa Lee Mix, Richland, WA Local 8-369 Brian Morris, Idaho Falls, ID Local 8-652 Kelly Schmidt, Kennewick, WA Local 8-369 T. A. Seymour, Concord, CA Local 8-5 Timothy G. Van Reenen, Richland, WA Local 8-369 Atlantic Region Robert Beck, Edison, NJ Local 8-397 Robin Bryant, Chester, PA Local 8-234 vii Table of Contents Introduction 1 Activity 1: Job Fear 9 Activity 2: Systems of Safety 35 Activity 3: Assessing Our Workplace Hazards 59 Activity 4: Tackling Toxic Chemical Myths 73 Activity 5: MSDSs and Safety 101 Activity 6: Monitoring the Monitors 137 Activity 7: The Control of Toxic Hazards 193 Activity 8: Reproductive Hazards in the Workplace 207 Activity 9: Respiratory Protection 241 Activity 10: Placing Medical Surveillance Under Surveillance 283 Activity 11: NIOSH Pocket Guide 323 Activity 12: The Legal Octopus 363 Activity 13: Strengthening the Health and Safety Committee 403 Activity 14: Evaluating Emergency Response Plans 421 Activity 15: Relating to the Community 447 Activity 16: The Hazards of Noise Exposure 455 Activity 17: Evaluating the Workshop 483 Appendix – References and Resources A-1 COSH Groups A-2 OSHA Offices A-4 NIOSH Offices and Educational Resource Centers A-9 Labor Education Centers A-11 The Basics for a Union Health and Safety Library A-13 Glossary of Health and Safety Terms A-17 viii Introduction Why Is This Training Taking Place? The Paper, Allied-Industrial, Chemical and Energy Workers Union, in cooperation with The Labor Institute of New York, received a training grant from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS). The grant was awarded to provide training to workers who handle hazardous materials and respond to chemical emergencies. Under the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA), Congress set aside $20 million to support safety and health training programs which are specially designed for hazardous materials workers and chemical emergency responders. 1 Introduction A Short History of SARA and How It Affects Chemical Workers In 1980, the U.S. Congress passed the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA). CERCLA set up a "Superfund" of $1.6 billion for the first five years to clean up toxic waste dumps. The program was severely criticized. Funding was inadequate, given the scope of the problem, and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) enforcement efforts to clean up hazardous waste sites were sluggish. In 1986, Congress amended this original program by passing the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA). This law, which was passed in response to grassroots activism by citizens living near toxic dump sites, increased funding for the cleanup of these sites to $8.5 billion between 1986 and 1990. In addition, it sped up the timetable for cleaning up toxic dumps and imposed tighter standards to prevent companies from simply shuffling their hazardous wastes out-of-sight and out-of-mind. In 1990, CERCLA was reauthorized and $5.1 billion was added to the fund. In addition to providing financial support for health and safety training for hazardous materials workers, SARA also required OSHA to establish health and safety training requirements for workers engaged in hazardous materials removal, containment or emergency response. Importantly for us, SARA required OSHA to establish health and safety training requirements for workers at Treat, Storage, and Disposal (TSD) sites regulated by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). Following is some basic information about both the new OSHA Training Standard and new RCRA requirements for TSD facilities. Is your company complying? (For more details, see Activity 12: The Legal Octopus.) 2 Introduction OSHA Training Requirement for Hazardous Materials Workers The OSHA Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response Standard (29 CFR 1910.120) is currently in effect. Who must be trained and for how long? • Cleanup workers at Superfund sites have to have a minimum of 40 hours of training, including hands-on instruction with the equipment they will be using. • Chemical emergency response workers must have up to 24 hours of training, depending on their role in emergency response. • Chemical workers who work at RCRA-permitted TSD sites must have at least 24 hours of training. Corrective action workers may need up to 40 hours of training. • All of the above workers must have an 8-hour refresher course annually. • Emergency response workers must have up to eight hours of annual training, depending on their role. PACE is, at the moment, concentrating on providing courses for members who work at RCRA sites around the country. What Is a RCRA-Permitted TSD Site? Under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 (called RCRA for short), companies which generate more than 1,000 kilograms (about 2,200 pounds or five 55-gallon drums) of hazardous waste per month, and store that waste onsite for more than 90 days, must have a permit from the EPA.
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