PAST AWARDEES

1997 Julie Hedgepeth Williams, “The Significance of the Printed Word in Early America”; Director: David Sloan, University of Alabama A J H A 1998 David R. Davies, “An Industry in Transition: Major Trends in American Daily Newspapers, 1945-1965”; Director: David Sloan, Univ of Alabama 2002 DOCTORAL DISSERTATION AWARD 1999 Nora Hall, "On Being an African-American Woman: Gender and Race in the Writings of Six Black Women Journalists, 1849-1936"; Director: Hazel Dicken-Garcia, University of Minnesota

2000 Dale Zacher, "Editorial Policy of the Scripps Newspapers During World War I"; Director: Patrick Washburn, Ohio University

2001 Aleen J. Ratzlaff, "Black Press Pioneers in Kansas: Connecting and Extending Communities in Three Geographic Sections, 1878-1900"; Director: Bernell E. Tripp, University of Florida

AJHA DISSERTATION AWARD COMMITTEE

Chair: David Abrahamson, Northwestern University 2002 Jury Chairs: Julie Hedgepeth Williams, Samford University The AJHA Doctoral Dissertation Award, established in Ed Caudill, University of Tennessee 1997, is awarded annually for the best doctoral disserta- David Spencer, University of Western Ontario tion dealing with mass communication history. A cash Members Joseph Bernt, Ohio University award of three hundred dollars accompanies the prize. Carolyn Kitch, Temple University Jean Palmegiano, St. Peter’s University

2002 AJHA ANNUAL CONVENTION OCTOBER 3-5, 2002 • NASHVILLE, TN owned the Province, created a single-owner monopoly. But Pacific Press was an AMERICAN JOURNALISM HISTORIANS ASSOCIATION unusual monopoly as a financial liability to its owners due to repeated labor shut- downs in the 1970s. Its losses led to the demise not only of F.P. Publications, but ulti- 2002 DOCTORAL DISSERTATION AWARD mately of Southam itself. Todd S. Burroughs, "Drums in the Global Village: Toward an Ideological History of Black Media"

Black media have entered a new era during the past two decades. Developments in FIRST PLACE AWARD American mass media from 1980 to 2000, particularly 1) the growth of cable televi- sion, 2) radio’s shift back to a national medium through increased program syndi- Mark Edge, "Pacific Press: Vancouver’s Newspaper Monopoly, 1957-1991" cation and corporate mergers and, perhaps most important, 3) the promise of con- Director: Patrick Washburn, Ohio University vergence through the World Wide Web, have created new opportunities for African- Americans to create and sustain national and international forums for news and information from their worldview. This "new," narrowly-targeted "Black mass media," follows the journalistic tradition defined by the 174-year-old history of HONORABLE MENTIONMENTI AWARDS Black-owned media: to protect the Black image by fighting white supremacy, and to nourish their readers, listeners and viewers. This dissertation, which constructs an Todd S. Burroughs, National Newspaper Publishers Association, "Drums ideological history of Black media from 1827 to 2000, uses six case studies. The case in the Global Village: Toward an Ideological History of Black Media" studies, focusing on select Black media institutions and forums in New York and Director: Maurine H. Beasley, University of Maryland Washington, D.C., include Black-owned and white-owned broadcast forums target- ed to Black communities. The case studies prove that Black-oriented media serve particular functions outside of the larger realm of Black participation in white main- MDuane Stoltzfus, "A Paper for the People: E.W. Scripps’s stream media, and that there now exist Black media forums that can reach large por- Chicago Experiment in Adless Journalism" tions of the nation’s estimated 35 million African-Americans. Director: William S. Solomon, Rutgers University

Duane Stoltzfus, Goshen College, "A Paper for the People: E.W. Scripps’s Chicago Experiment in Adless Journalism" ABSTRACTS This dissertation tells the story of Edward W. Scripps’s pioneering effort to create an Mark Edge, Nanyang Technological University, "Pacific Press: Vancouver’s Newspaper independent force in journalism: a profitable adless newspaper. Already well on his Monopoly, 1957-1991" way to building the nation’s first major newspaper chain, Scripps set out in 1911 to prove that a newspaper could be profitable without any advertising at all. His adless This case study of a Canadian newspaper joint operating arrangement shows how newspaper, The Day Book, was to be supported entirely by circulation revenue and removing competition from the marketplace can result in the economic downfall committed to a higher threshold of editorial integrity and honesty than Scripps of the daily newspapers involved. The 1957 partnership of the Vancouver Sun and thought was possible with journalism financed largely by advertising. As with his Province is traced until 1991, when the Sun moved from afternoon publication to other newspapers, Scripps wanted to create an inexpensive paper that would appeal mornings in direct "competition" with its monopoly twin. The 1960 findings of the to the working class and would crusade for higher wages, more unions, safer work- Restrictive Trade Practices Commission are reviewed, from its ruling that Pacific ing conditions, and other causes. Though The Day Book’s financial losses steadily Press was an illegal combination between competitors to its approval of the declined over the years, it never became profitable, and, in 1917, ended publication. arrangement as an "economic necessity" to save the money-losing Province. A rec- But The Day Book had proved to be a steadfast ally of the working class and the dis- ommended judicial order restraining changes to the arrangement without a court possessed, and a primary source of news on their struggles. In writing about violent hearing was never entered, however, leading to sale of the family-owned Sun to circulation battles, the lives of store clerks, elevator accidents, and other subjects F.P. Publications in 1963 and its takeover by the international Thomson conglom- ignored or suppressed by the mainstream press, The Day Book redefined news and erate in 1980. Subsequent sale of the Sun by Thomson to Southam, which already pointed the way toward a more expansive and democratic press.