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'Support for the Socio-Economic Development of the Communities Photo © Martin Aspin External Mid-Term Evaluation ‘Support for the socio-economic development of the communities within the Spanish Development Cooperation’s action zones in the Philippines Program’ Funded by AECID Martin Aspin and Ella Jordan, Oct 2012 This report is commissioned by Action Against Hunger | ACF International. The comments contained herein reflect the opinions of the Evaluator only. TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES 2 LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5 1.0 BRIEF BACKGROUND 8 2.0 METHODOLOGY 10 3.0 FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 12 3.1 Quality of Program design 12 3.2 Sustainability 16 3.3 Relevance/Pertinence 19 3.4 Coherence 22 3.5 Effectiveness 24 3.6 Efficiency 33 3.7 Involvement/Participation 35 3.8 Control 37 3.9 Integrated focus 38 3.10 Cross Cutting Issues 40 4.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 41 5.0 DAC GUIDELINES 46 6.0 GOOD PRACTICE IDENTIFIED FROM THE EVALUATION 47 ANNEXES Annex 1 – Key Informants and Documents reviewed 49 Annex 2 – Sample of Most Significant Stories 52 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Number SAM Cases Detected and Treated…………. ................................ 24 Table 3. Beneficiaries of 1st batch of Agriculture and IGA inputs ............................. 27 Table 4. Status of Farm Plan and Business plans ................................................... 28 Table 5. Water Systems and Tap Stands Completion and Coverage ...................... 30 LIST OF FIGURES AND PHOTOS Photo 1: Functioning OTPs in Lanao Del Sur Province ........................................... 26 Photo 2: Farmer Help Groups ................................................................................. 29 Photo 3: Water planning .......................................................................................... 31 Mid-term Evaluation ‘Support for the socio-economic development of the communities within the Spanish 2 Development Cooperation’s action zones in the Philippines Program’ Oct 2012. List of Acronyms and Abbreviations ACF Action Contre la Faim (Action Against Hunger) AECID Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation BAWASA Barangay (village) Water and Sanitation Association BDP Barangay Development Plans BNS Barangay Nutrition Scholar (Nutrition worker) BHW Barangay Health Worker CTF Coordinating Task Force (Provincial PMU) DoA Department of Agriculture DoH Department of Health ENA Essential Nutrition Action FGD Focus Group Discussion FSL Food Security and Livelihoods GAM Global Acute Malnutrition GOP Government of The Philippines IGA Income Generating Activity KAP Knowledge, Attitude and Practice MAM Moderate Acute Malnutrition IMAM Integrated Management of Acute Malnutrition IMCI Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses ITP In-Patient Therapeutic Program IYCF Infant and Young Child Feeding LGU Local Government Unit MAO Municipal Agriculturist Officer M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MoU Memorandum of Understanding NGO Non-Government Organisation OTP Out-Patient Therapeutic Program PIMAM Philippines Integrated Management of Acute Malnutrition PMU Program Management Unit RHU Rural Health Unit RUTF Ready to Use Therapeutic Food SAM Severe Acute Malnutrition UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund USD United States of America Dollars WASH Water, Sanitation and Hygiene WFP World Food Program Mid-term Evaluation ‘Support for the socio-economic development of the communities within the Spanish 3 Development Cooperation’s action zones in the Philippines Program’ Oct 2012. Acknowledgement Thank you to ACF Philippines for sharing their experiences and providing introductions to staff, partners and beneficiaries. It was great to meet those contributing to improving the socio-economic conditions of remote communities across Mindanao in the Philippines. Mid-term Evaluation ‘Support for the socio-economic development of the communities within the Spanish 4 Development Cooperation’s action zones in the Philippines Program’ Oct 2012. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Action Contre la Faim’s (ACF) four-year ‘Support for the socio-economic development of the communities within the Spanish Development Cooperation’s action zones in the Philippines’ Program, has contributed to reducing child malnutrition, provided improvements in household food security, and delivered greater access to water and sanitation facilities (WASH) to remote communities across Central Mindanao. The program has also established the foundations for stronger local governance and community engagement in the planning and delivery of social services across targeted municipalities in North Cotabato and Lanao Del Sur. Established in March 2010 and funded by AECID, the program is scheduled to be completed in July 2014 at a cost of approximately 3.2 million Euro with an additional 800,000 Euro co-contribution in kind or cash from partners, local governments and the communities. This mid-term evaluation examines the first two years of the program and provides recommendations for the remaining two years. The main focus of the evaluation was to examine the implementation strategies and approaches, and how key program activities are achieving the overall goal of contributing to poverty reduction in rural and peri-urban communities. The evaluation was conducted through a mix of focus group discussions (FGDs), learning workshops, semi-structured interviews, program document review and site visits across the provinces of North Cotabato and Lanao Del Sur in Mindanao, Southern Philippines. The program represents a new approach for ACF Philippines. It is the first time Good Governance has been incorporated as a cross-cutting issue into ACF’s traditional mix of Food Security, WASH and Livelihoods initiatives. For ACF Philippines, it is also the first time nutrition has been added for a more integrated approach to programming. This approach was encouraged by the donor AECID and which has already seen the establishment of several community and government groups with representation from key sectors including agriculture, health and water users. Moving forward, the program will need to ensure a more pro-active dialogue between ACF and its partners, local government and the community when it comes to planning, design and monitoring of activities. Newly formed governance and community groups were observed as only receiving program information from ACF and missed the opportunity to be fully engaged in the process. Good Governance as a cross-cutting issue is often time consuming and complex, which should be included in future planning. Activities should be initiated by ACF and co-led by local authorities in a complementary approach with ACF and its partners. This is not always easy bringing community and government together, however it should be an integral part of the learning process for developing good governance, transparency and community ownership. Mid-term Evaluation ‘Support for the socio-economic development of the communities within the Spanish 5 Development Cooperation’s action zones in the Philippines Program’ Oct 2012. Overall, the community felt engaged with the program, highlighted by active water user and health care/nutrition groups; both leading activities such as the maintenance of new water infrastructure and detection and treatment of malnourished children. However, there still remains a level of community apathy and risk of dependence on outside assistance. ACF and its local partners Don Bosco and Maradeca should continue to advocate for community engagement, specifically to ensure that people pressure their leaders to be accountable and provide transparency in the planning and allocation of resources. Examining Nutrition and Care Practices, the evaluation found ACF has made significant progress in reducing child malnutrition with a significant drop in the number of screened severely acute malnourished (SAM) children in the program areas. Significant progress has also been made on the improvement and servicing of Out-Patient Therapeutic Program (OTP) and local health clinics. Local volunteers and paid health staff have been trained and were provided with equipment in partnership with UNICEF, German Doctors and Montaner hospital to effectively detect, treat and prevent child malnutrition. Moving forward, more education and advocacy in the community would help mothers better understand the link between good nutrition, sanitation, food security and a healthy child. Examining food security and livelihoods, the evaluation found that ACF’s program had faced several challenges including agricultural inputs, cropping delays and poor weather, however had made positive steps to increase household knowledge and ability to provide diversified food for the family. Further work in the coming years needs to focus on small household gardening, improved use of locally sourced non- hybrid seeds and production of organic fertiliser and natural pesticides. There are some opportunities to expand ACF’s farming initiatives to include seedling nurseries and demonstration plots. Both should be led and maintained by local farmers who would pass on practical skills to other farmers through formal and informal training. This would also make use of existing traditional indigenous farming methods, which are a valuable source of knowledge and experience. The provision of water sources to remote communities has had a positive impact on household’s day-to-day living and provided a key source of water for household daily use, home-gardens and farming. Before ACF’s water initiatives, households were forced to limit their water use or walk several
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