Navy Day Greetings

BUREAU OF

NOVEMBERz1942 NUMBER 308

REAR ADMIRAL RANDALL JACOBS, USN The Chief of Naual Personnel REARADMIRAL L. E.DENFELD, USN The Assistant Chief of Naval Personnel

Table of Contents Page They’reCalled the ‘Orphans of the War’ 2 Navy Day Greetings...... 7, 13, 21 Seabees...... 8 Casualties in the Service...... 13 ‘First Round’ Ends in Solomons...... 14 ‘You Can’t Deny a People,’ a poem . . . . 15 Nurse Gets Legion of Merit...... 17 Anniversary Finds Marines Fighting. . . . 18 Treachery in the Solomons...... 19 ‘And TexasIs Just ONE of Our States’.. . 20 The ‘Wasp’ Is: Sunk...... 21 Saga of a Tanker, a photograph...... 22 The Japanese ‘Zero’ Fighter...... 23 Getting Mail...... 24 Meeting a Problem in Training...... 25 Legislative Matters of Interest...... 27 Navy Relief and Red Cross...... 28 Elimination of Paper Work...... 29 Change of Command...... 30 ‘Oregon’ to Swell Scrap Pile...... 32 Precedence of Ratings of Petty Oficers . . 38 ‘We Will Win Only by Fighting’...... 40 Decorations and Citations...... 42 Promotions...... 45 Commendations...... 47 Naval History for December...... 48

This magazine is published monthly in Washing- ton, D. C., by the Bureau of Naval Personnel for the information and interest of the NavalService as a whole.Because copies cannot be furnished all personnel individuallyat present, it is requested that each copy be given as wide a circulation as possible. It is suggested that readers pass along their copies when they are finished. To further publicize the. contents, shipand station papers may desire to reprint pertinent materialfrom the Bulletin.All activities should keep the Bureau informed of how many copies arerequired. Articles of generalinterest maybe forwarded to the Editor via official channels. er’s runningmate, the captain re- ARMED GUARD LONELY ported,no made furtherattempt to attack the convoy. He wheeled in the BATTLES To and air vanished over the horizon. It wasn’tonly beating off air at- Over the far-flung convoy trails This crew, the master said in en- tackers for the crew of Navy sharp- that cover the Globe the Navy’s larging on his report, stuck by their shooters on this freighter, as witness “Orphans of the War”-theArmed gununtil the deck onwhich their the following quotation made late in Guard crews-carry on to keep the gun had been placed was almost knee May from the report of the Armed flow of supplies moving toour own deep in water. Guard commander: forces and our Allies. They waited so long, however, that “Betweensnow flurries that con- Under the blazing sun of the Car- only one of the nine was saved. This tinued all day and nighta single scout ibbean and the Indian Ocean-over man was picked up after he hadbeen plane was observed circling the cob the wintry “road to Murmansk” with swimming aroundfor the greater part voy far out of range. This procedure its menace of ice and suow carrying of the night-for the craft was tor- :was maintained for some time when almost as great a threat of disaster pedoed in thedead of night. the planedisappeased. Thenthe as thesubmarine and dive bombers- A master who knew full well that Commodore hoisted a signal to ex- the Armed Guards hammer away to his vessel had been struck a death pect an air attack. Less than an hour keep the pathoverseas openand Davy blow gave the order to abandon ship ’ later in theearly morning hours three Jones’ locker shut. but not for these Armed Guards. Ex- planes were sighted on the starboard Not merely against the submarine perience had taught them that time wing of the convoy and fire was im- menace are these men of the Armed after time the undersea raiders sur- mediately opened. The planescon- Guard operating, for one officer in a faced to shell the lifeboats and they tinued their approach in formationto- matter-of-fact report related how his were willing to pay with their lives for ward the convoy. Just before passing crew had facedenemy air fighters. a crack at the enemy. over the center of the line of the lead- and bombers,surface raiders and It was their task to keep the sea ing ships the plane on the left of the mineson one trip they successfully lanesopen, tomaintain the Navy’s formation was hit. It seemed to stop completed .to a port less than 75 miles tradition of “not giving up the ship,” for a moment and then plunged into from the fighting‘ front. and this they did even though they the sea in flames. At the same time, Gun crews of the Armed Guard paid with their lives. the leading plane and the plane on have been exacting their toll of the “Loaded 5.000 cases of TNT. then the right of the formation dived and Axis raiders in the air,on the surface, cleared to join convoy”was the log attempted to torpedo the two leading and underwater. Crews from two of entry of another commander of an ships.” the guarded merchant men attacked Armed Guard crew in his report to It wasn’tonly beating off air at- by enemy aircraft were officially cred- the Navy ‘Department after the suc- tackers for the crew of Navy sharp- ited by observers of thenation in cessful completion of a trip overseas. shooters in this convoy. Here is an- whose port they were unloading cargo “Sitting on a load of dynamite” was other quotation from the log of the and by Naval observers of their own literally the truthfor this crew. They Armed Guard after theconvoy landed country with having sent threeof the saw the trip through but only after in the heartof an attacking sub pack. enemy aircraft plunging in flames into battling against air and subforces. “Just a few minutes after the air the waters of the harbor. Time after time they were attacked attack thelookout on this ship sighted It isn’t all manning guns for these by Axis air raiders. Time after time the exposed part of a submarine’s con- hardy members of the Armed Guard, they set up antiaircraft barrages so ning tower in the heartof the convoy however, for time and again they haveterrific that the raiding planes turned and just a FEW YARDS off our star- been forced to take to boats and life back to their base.Bombs were board quarter. raftsas their torpedoed craft slid dropped on them often but they kept “Infact, she was so close aboard under the waves. the raidersat such high altitudes that that neither a heavy gun mounted on Days of drifting under the merci- the bombs dropped harmlessly some the stern normachine guns were able less sun was the lot of one of these distancefrom the TNT-laden to be brought to bear on it. Evidently crews before they finally were picked freighter. realizing that we had sighted her, the up by a convoying destroyer that had One of the raiding planes, the com- submarine changed course and came been called to their aid by a patrol mander of thisparticular ship re- across to the port quarter. When she plane that sighted theirfrail craft ported, after being driven off time was about 25 yards away from the ship, tossing on the brassy southern sea. after time, finally was sighted diving fire wasopened. The second shot “U. S. Navy gun crew members were directly at the port side of the ship. from the sterngun struck her squarely the last to leave the ship,” was the Then, as fire was directed at him, he inthe conningtower. As the shell laconic report of the master of a cargo was hit and crashedsmoking and exploded, the topof the conning tower ship that had been torpedoed. fiaming into the sea. The Axis raid- was blown off. As sheappeared to Page 2 Wur’ Bat They’re Doing u Job

-0ffici:ll li. S. Na~yF’hotopaph. In fair weather and foul, armed guard crews keepsea paths open, and our supplies flow around the world. sink, the water boiled up in a great enemy, but still they carried through noon by a dhbomber. Enemy de- froth of airand bubbles.After ob- to victory on the ocean road overseas stroyers which attempted to intercept serving the spot where she submerged and home again. Extracts from a r6- . the convoy during the air attackwere we saw an oil slick forming with oc- sum6 of the voyage as submitted by defeated. Of the attackingsurface casional bubbles rising to the surface. the commander of the Armed Guard raiders one destroyer was sunk and “At this pointone of the gunners crew follow: another set afire. On four occasions reported a torpedo track crossing our “Upon our departure from______, our escort vessels dropped depth bow from port to starboard. The ship March ____,we ran into foul weather immediately backed at full speed and that ended in a full gale lasting sev- charges. Just priorto entering the the torpedo missed us by a few feet.” eral days, with the result that seven safety of the submarinenet. at The trip of the Armed Guard that ships lost their convoy escorts in. the ______,we were attacked by a previously had been listed as bringing excessive weather. On March ____,we pack of submarines whichwere re- down three planes reads like a night- were attacked by a high altitude pulsed by our escort vessels with dam- mare of continuous action against the bomber and again on the same after- age to three of the attackers.

Page 3 Page 4 riding practically on top of the boat thesubmarine crash dived and we the Armed Guard Schools which have deck and thought the funnel was go- had only time for three shots before been established at Little Creek, Vir- ing to strike us as it toppled.” she wassubmerged.” ginia; Gulfport,. Mississippi, and San During the night they rounded up Said the master of the ship, report- Francisco, California. In effect this members of the crew of the sunken ing the battle to the owners of the is a practical gunnery school at which freighter and lashed themtogether. ship: he spends anothermonth training Shortlyafter dawn’ they picked up “It is a soberingthought tocontem- with the gun crew. He sees training lifeboats from another torpedoed plate that one has participatedin films, conductsloading drills, and freighter and kept them in line until sending some 60 men to their Maker. holds intensive firing practice with a they were sighted by a freighter. On theother hand, this submarine variety of guns. The men are ro- The wind-tossed crews were finally was west-bound, most certainly load- tated in the various stations so that picked up by the third freighter after ed tocapacity with torpedoes and they become proficient in all of them drifting for about 12 hours. By this ammunition, bound on voyage a of de- and versatile enough to serve as gun time men aboard the third steamer struction, and our action has spared captain, sight setter, pointer, or numbered 116. The twonaval gun- manyAmerican seamen’s lives and trainer. Flexibility is the keynote of nery officers set their Armed Guard ships.” the curriculum because crews are as- crews up both as lookouts and gun- The Armed Guard dates back to the signed to ships on a bads of the arma- ners. The freighter then turnedback summer of 1941, whenNavy antici- mentcarried, and armament varies to its course and was steaming full pated that effective transportation of greatly. On board the merchant ves- speed ahead when torpedoed.Adrift Lend-lease materials would eventually sels thesetrained Navy gunners fill for hours again, they were picked up necessitate thearming of merchant the important positions at the guns, by U. S. patrol craft. vessels. To this end, it was necessary their efforts beingsupplemented in Themaster of asteamer off the to coordinate the plans and efforts of loading and handling ammunition by coast of Cuba brought his ship safely various bureaus: Personnel, for train- willing members of themerchant back toport with nothingbut the ing the gun crews; Ordnance, for the crews. highestpraise for the work of his supply of gunsand ammunition; At the conclusion of histraining, Navy gunners. Standingonthe Ships, forinstallation plans on the the officer and his gun crew report to bridge of his vessel he saw the mem- armament required; Operations, for one of thethree centers or pools bers of his Armed Guard crew firing making the ships available and getting which have been established to handle at almostpoint blank range at an the guns installed; Supplies and Ac- Navy personnel of the Armed Guard Axis undersea raider. counts, for special pay problems of andto carry their records and pay “Whether our fire scored, I cannot men on detached duty; and the Mari- accounts.These centers are located say definitely,” hereported, “for it time Commission, for getting the co- at New York, New Orleans, and San was at night. One of my crew being operation of steamship owners and Francisco.When the officer reports on the poop during the brief engage- operators.. AS a result of conferences, to the Center he is likely to be over- ment,and in better position than the kind of training needed, the types whelmed at first by the size of the mineto observe the results,states of guns to be supplied, and the size place and bewildered by the apparent positively thatour second shot of the crews to man the gunswere de- confusion. But soon the Port Direc- scored.” cided upon. Actual arming started on tor is making up a convoy and he is Themaster of theship reported November 18, 1941,the day the Presi- called to a convoy conference.Here discovery of the submarineto the dent signed the Repeal of the Neu- heis assigned to a ship, meets the Navy Departmentas follows: trality Act. master with whom he is to sail, and “Shortly after dawn, a vessel was Scarcity of General Service officers learns the route the convoy will take. observed approaching directly from made it imperative early in the pro- He then discusses with the merchant astern, themost visible part being the gramto procure, indoctrinate, and captain their respective provinces of tossing bow wave. I recognized it al- specially train D-VW officers to take authority, for he is in command of most instantly as a submarineon the command of the gun crews. Such an thedetail of Navy men, While the surfaceand sounded the General officer, when selected for this strenu- merchant captain is in command of Alarm, rangfor full speed and or- ous and comparativelyindependent the civilian crew. He is military ad- dered full right rudder to keepour duty, is sent first to one of the Local visor to the captain, andefficient Pro- heavy stern gun bearing on the en- DefenseSchools at Boston or San tection of theship dependson a emy. Simultaneously the submarine Francisco, for a month’s preliminary clear understanding and trust of each must have discovered the blackened training in Armed Guard duties. He Gther by these two officers, one of the out shape of the freighter, because it studies Navy Regulations, seamanship, Navy and one of the merchant marine. swerved to the left and came almost pertinent internationallaw, communi- A splendid record of ready and sym- abeam on our port side and opened cations, preliminaryordnance and pathetic cooperation between the two fire with a machine gun, raking our gunnery, and the special problems he services is beingcompiled. If there port side. Withinminutea the will encounter aboard amerchant ves- is timebefore he sails, the Armed Armed Guard crew swung into action sel manned by merchant marine per- Guard officer may use the ample with one of their guns. Immediately sonnel. Next he progresses to one of ordnance facilities of the Center to

Page 5 Tools forthe Armed Guard crew of amerchant receiving instructions from a Navy officer ilz sighting ship-a lzew gun and platform-are hoisted aboard. a 20-m~.gun. The man behind the gun has his eye It takesguns to fight-but even more it takesmen. too close to the sight. If he should fire the gun from Here are members of alz Armed Guard Mobile Unit that position, he would receive a black eye. continue and intensify the training of and must be abandoned, the Armed twenty-seven Silver Star Medals, two his gun crew, for the Armed Guard Guards stand by the guns to the last, Navy and Marine Corps medals,sixty- Centersare designed to serve not sometimesuntil water la.ps at their six Letters of Commendation fromthe merely as distribution points but also feet, hoping for a shot at anemerging S’ecretary of the Navy, and two hun- togive theconstant practice which submarine. This tenacity has cost the dred thirty-four Letters of Commen- alonemakes smoothly functioning enemy a numb’er of undersea wolves dation from the Chief of Naval Per- gunners.Consequently, equipment that confidently came up for a look sonnel. At presentthe submarine for training is maintainedat the Cen- around and a breath of fresh air too menace,though still a sharp threat ters as well as at the schools, and it soon. Enemy aircraftthat ventured to the cause of freedom, has declined may be used againand again for within therange of Armed Guard to a markedextent. The Navy’s beneficial refresher workwhen the guns have also regretted the accuracy guardians of the supply lines will con- crews return from a voyage. of the fire they encountered, one of tinue to counter this threat, in order Once at sea, the Armed Guards are ourgun crews being officially cred- toinsure that the ladenfreighters charged with a single dutyaboard ited b’y the Russian Government with plow on, bearing the essentials of theirmerchantmen: the defense of shooting down three Nazibombers victory. theship in case of attack. They while their ship lay in port unloading. Indicative of the heroic efforts of must, therefore, keep a continuous The completestory of whatthe the Armed Guard are thelists of men look-out in fair weather and foul, in Armed Guardshave done and are cited and commended for action. One accordance with the watch bill drawn doing remains to be told. Like all the such composite list was published in up by the Armed Guard officer, and other branches of the Navy, this serv- the September issue of the INFORMI- their vigilance has often averted dis- ice has its heroes whose self-sacrifice, TION BULLETIN.Following is a supple- aster by enabling them to take action courage, and devotion to dutyhave mentary list: before the enemy could strike. In been conspicuous. As of October 1, Armed Guardpersonnel receiving the event that the ship is torpedoed 1942, Armed Guardawards totaled the Navy and Marine CorpsMedal

Page G are: Ralph Gardner, SM3c; and Don- AS;Geo. Jos. Downing, Jr., S2c; John W. Pettus, AS; Davis J. Phillips, ald L. Vandiver, AS. Thos. P. Fennessy, AS; Wm.C. Fisher, AS; nos. E. Reid, AS; John Wm. Those receiving the Silver Star AS, USN; Paul Sebastian Gionfriddo, Rhodes,AS; Wm. Clark Rice, AS; Medal are: William Henry Albright, RM3c, USN; Fred Jos. Gross, s2c; Cross R. Rogers, Jr., AS, USN; Champ Cox, USN; Robert G. Kilburn, Cox: Bob E. Hallisey, S~C,USN; George Seely, AS; Richard P. Sego, S2c, USN; Ens. Arthur D. Maddalena; George Hanus, AS; Ed. M. Harchenhorn, Pernice A. Shuman, S2c; Charles H. J. Norton, GM3c, USN; Ens. GUS G. AS, USN; John T. Hardy, AS; Alfred Slatten, S2c;Ed. H. Slivenski, .AS, Starros; Ens. Merrill R. Stone, Jr. Ray Hayes, Jr., AS;Wm. Henry USN; Clarence Lee Smith, Jr., S2c; Those receiving the letter of com- Haynie, Slc;Joe P. Hemphill,AS; Geo. Martin Smith, AS; John Wiffor mendation by the Secretary of the Raymond Jos. Henry, AS, USN; Fred Smith, AS, USN; Claude E. Snead, Navy are: Ens.Herbert K. Ames; Johnson, Jr. AS;Foresl L. Kelley, AS; ManuelR. Sullivan, Jr., S2c; Ronald H.Blake, Jr., GM3c, USN; AS, USN; Robert W. Kendall, AS Dale A. Swanson, AS; Marvin Vincent Ens. Jules H. Bloch; James E. Daw- (SM), USN; Paul E. Krauss, S2c; Swanson, AS; Harry C. Taylor,S2c, son, Cox; Lt. MarcelDesgalier, Jr.; William A. Krupp, AS; Herbert W. USN; AshbyR. Tippett, S2c; Herbert Ens.Claude R.Faunt, Jr.; Lt.(jg) Lawson, AS; Geo. A. LeClair,AS; C. Toussaint, S~C,USN; Harold Wm. John Gellert Grotenrath; Lt. (jg) Dallas W. Liller, AS; Harold E. Lund- naxler, AS; Theodore M. Treglown, Clarence A. Kelso; Lt. (jg) Robert E. blon, AS; Harold A. Mahone, AS; Jos. AS; Maurice H. Vanderwyst,AS; McClure; Ens. Howell Sherer Mur- H. Maynard, S2c; Charles F. McKim, Albert R. Verhocke,AS; James R. ray; Ens. 0. W. Adams Norman; Ch. S2c; USN; Hugh L. McLean,AS; Ware, S~C, Fred Weed, S'2C; Aubrie G. Means, S2c; Wm.M. Moore, USN; M. Pennington, Cox, USN; Sheldon F. Clinton E. White, AS; Paul A. Wida- Rauh, GM3c, LowellC. Robin- AS, USN; LouisDiaz Morales, S2c; USN; mer, AS; Belmont E. Wilson,AS; son, AS; Deomard J. Sanders, AS; Vance T. Murdock, AS; Tamplet V. S. Leonard J. Sanders, AS;William Mustard, S2c; Jack Ray Myhre, AS; Howard E. Wilson,AS; Millard L. StewartSharp, Cox; Ens. Geo.T. DudleyB. Nelson, AS; Simeon D. Winfrey, AS, USN; Jesse K. Woody, Smith; Ch. C. Spivey, AS; Clifford H. Nettles, AS, USN; Pat H. O'Kain, AS. AS, USN; Ed. F. Ze Browski, AS; Starnes, GM3c; Jos. K. Stouffer, Wm. Nelson Outlaw, AS; Leon W. Charles F. Zeltman, Slc; Leo v. Zeros, RMlc; Robert J. Walters, AS; Sam B. Page,AS; Thos. E. Pate, S~C,USN; SlC. Waltington, AS; Dave P. Whittemore, AS; Sam E. Woods, Jr, AS; Walter Lee Wyatt, AS; Duncan H. Yentzen, COX, USN. Those receiving the letter of THE PRESIDENT: 'DEEPLY PROUD' commendation by the Chief of Naval Nay Day Greeting to Secretary Knox Personnel are: A Thos. W. Almond, S2c; James EU- My Dear Mr. Secretary: greet youtoday, the Navy is gene Barbee, S2c; James Jos. Barbier, This is the first NavyDay ever fighting hard in every corner of S~C,USN; BuielRay, Barton, S2c; to be observed with the United the globe to bring victory to our Raymond WallaceBeach, S~C,USN; States at war. As such, it is the cause. W. Tate Below,AS; James H. mostsignificant celebration of On this occasion I need not Blanchette, AS; Burnley G. Brinkley, its kind since Navy Day was first ask the people of the United AS; F. 0. T. Busby Brock, AS; Benj. inaugurated in 1922. States to pay tributeour to Navy, V. Burleson,AS; Robert Campbell, As I salute the Navy in com- for I am sure that there is not S~C,USN; Willis L. Cannon, AS; Clyde pany with 130,000,000 other pa- a man, woman or child in the Beaver Caskadon, AS;John A. Cassell, triotic American citizens, I am land who have not been thrilled AS; William Castleberry, AS; JOS.P. deeplyproud of its heroicac- by its triumphs and inspire8 by Chromchak, AS, USN; Ch. W. Chro- complishments in this war. I itsindomitable courage. They nister, AS; Dean Willis Clark, AS, am proud notonly because of know that their Navy is doing USN; Lawrence Collins, AS; James P. my own longand happy asso- the biggest jobany navy has Conners, AS, USN; Leroy G. Connors, ciationswith the Service, but ever been called upon todo, and AS, USN; Howard W. Conover, AS, also because, as its Commander doing it superbly. Theyhave USN; Charles Coogan, AS; Wilber T. in Chief, I am acutely aware of the most profound faithin their Cook, AS, USN; William E. Cook, AS; the tremendous role it is play- Navy's ability to sweep our Eknerson J. Cooksey,S2c; Robert ing in the preservation of free- enemies from the seasand in Mc C. Cooper, AS, USN; Donald E. dom and human decency. conjunction with the Army, the Corp, AS, USN; Geo. John Corrigan, When I greeted you just oneyear MarineCorps, and the Coast Jr., SM3c; Marvin D. Coslet, AS; Fred ago, the Navywas on defense Guard, preserve America's place A. E. Couch,AS; Gerald Cox,AS; duty, a symbol of our hope that of honor in the community of James Henry Cox, S2c; USN; Wm.N. we could remain isolated and in- nations. Crabtree, AS; John E. Craig, AS, USN; violuble in a world-where tyr- Very sincerely yours, Delford H. Curson, S2c. anny raged unchecked.As I FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT. Gordon J. Davis, AS; Cosimo Dearle, AS, USN; Allen R. Denning, J

Page 7 f WITH GUNSIN ONE HAND.. .

THE SEABEES GET THEIR SHARE OF BOTHBUILDING ANDFIGHTING

The Navy’snewest fighting arm, the Construction Battalions, are now in action with an enlistment of 210,- 000 men authorized. Known theas “Seabees” for W. B.’s” the members of the Con- struction Battalions are the menwho will build advance and mobile bases anywhere inthe world thatthe United States Navy might need them. And because they will work in combat zones, they will be fighting men too- when necessary. It has been said by a noted naval authority that the shipswith bases at their disposal are the ships that count. It is thefunction and re- “Oflicial U. 8. Navg Photograph. sponsibility of the officers of the Civil Assemblilzg seaplames is omly ome of the mamy jobs assigmed to the Seabees Engineer Corps of the Navy, through om the fightilzg fromts of the world. the medium of the Bureau of Yards and Docks of the Navy Department and its field organization, to assist all other bureaus and offices of the Navy in development planning and to ad- minister directly the design, construction, and maintenance of this naval shore establishment. During normal times the construction andmaintenance work of this shore establishment is performed under contract or by station forces with civilian personnel.After the decla- ration of war andthe capture of Guam, Wake, and Cavite, it was decided that the only satisfactory solu- tion of the advance base construction problem would be to accomplish it by the use of naval personnel undermili- tary command. The result was the creation of an entirely new unit in the naval organization, a “Construction Battalion.” Eachbattalion is comprised of 4 constructioncompanies of224 men each and 1 headquarters company of 169 men. Threebattalions make up 1 constructionregiment of approxi- “Oflicial U. S. Navy Photograph. mately 3,300 officers and men. “he Here, members of a Colzstructiom Battaliom set off a blast as they clear a first constructionregiment was au- road through a heavily wooded section thorized in December 1941 andre-

Page 9 492688---42--2 cruiting got under way inJanuary 1942. THE SOP4G OF TE IE SEABEES The constructionbattalions are Lyic by Mmic by underthe immediate command of SAM M. LEWIS PETER DE ROSE officers of the Civil Engineer Corps, a new function for the corps. The enlisted personnel are being recruited from experienced construction workers between the ages of 17 and 50. In eachconstruction company there are 60 unskilled men (la- borers) enlisted in the ratings of first and secondclass seamen..The bal- ance of eachconstruction company includes a wide variety of trades and occupations including‘machinists,car- penters, electricians, shovel operators, craneoperators, pipe fitters, steel workers, painters, truckdrivers, weld- ers, riggers, divers, etc. Thehead- v I fight- We’ll pave a way i iic . io ~ and guard it quarters companiesinclude clerks, draftsmen, surveyors, photographers, storekeepers, c o o k s, pharmacists, chauffeurs, etc. No special ratings have been established for these construction battalions. The men are being enlisted in the various naval ratings which most nearly conform to the trades required for construction andunder which they qualify. No previous naval experience is required but applicants, other than the unskilled men,must all show satisfactory evidence that theyare skilled intheir particular trade. All applicantsfor enlistment are interviewed by an officer of the Civil Engineer Corps, of whom three or more are stationed in each of the Principal recruiting districts for this Copyright 1912 United Stater Nary, Burem of Yards snd Dock*, wnrhjngton, D. c. special duty. Therefore, a man is not Ail rights other than POI printed cow dietribution rcremd by ROBBINS MUSIC CORPORATION. 799 Seventh Awe.. New York. N.Y. Inlsmational CopyrightSecured Made in U. S A. enrolled by the recruiting office until All RNghtr Resowed lncludsnq Public Performance For Prof,+. an examination of his experience clearly proves that he is qualified in his trade. Qualified menincluding “The Song of the Seabees,” written by two well-known New Yorksong writers, foremen and superintendents are en- Lyricist Sam M. Lewisand Composer Peter de Rose, is nowready for free rolled in Class V-6 of the’ Naval Re- distributionto anyone by applying to Comdr. E. J. Spaulding, Room 1305, serve with actingappointments in ratings from third class petty officers to chief petty officer and receive the “Camp Allen” at the Naval Operating USN, had read the order assigning him regular pay and allowances for these Base, Norfolk,Va. Thisfirst bat- to command of the new camp, theflag ratings. talion boarded Camp Allen on “Black was raised and 1,150 men, constituting The first ba.ttalion of the first regi- Friday,” March 13 and the camp was theFirst ConstructionBattalion, ment, after its three weeks’ detention commissioned onMarch 21. Con- passed in review before Rear Admiral period at various trainingstations, struction of the camp was completed Manley Simons, USN, commandant of wasdivided up and sent to various by August 15, with a capacity to house the Norfolk Navy Yard. National Youth Administration camps and train 10 battalions. The completed layout includes one inthe eastern part of the United Camp Allen is named in honor of regimental headquarters, 4 battalion States forpreliminary training, pend- the late Capt. Walter H. Allen (CEC) headquartersand instruction building the completion of part of the Na- USN. At the commissioning cere- ings, 4 headquarters company build- val ConstructionTraining Center, monies, afterCaptain J. G. Ware, ings, 16 barracks, several storehouses

Page 10 then developed and hasbeen officially approved by the Bureau of Naval Personnel-at flying bee, fighting mad, with a sailor hat on his head, a spitting tommy-gun in his forehand, a wrench in his midship hand and a carpenter’s hammer in his aft hand. In respective order,his sleeves bear the naval rating badges of gunner’s mate, machinist’s mate, and carpenter’s mate,each indicative of the tool in the respective hand. Also, on each sleeve is the corps device of the Civil Engineer Corps of the Navy to indicate the relationship of the Sea- bees to that corps of naval officers who commandthem, and the Bureau of Yards and Docks of the Navy Depart- IWU and ment. The background of the insig- niais sea blue andthe whole is encircled by a hawser to give it a nautical distinction. These men are given approximately 8 weeks of training at the Naval Con- struction Training Centers. This will consistprimarily of militaryindoc- trination and training as these men arealready skilled intheir various trades for theconstruction and maintenance work which they will do. The mission of these construction units is clearly outlined by Rear Ad- miral Ben Moreell, (CEC) , USN, Chief of Civil Engineers of the Navy and Chief of theBureau of Yardsand Docks,who, in commentingon the recruitingprogram, stated, “This is areal opportunity for those two- fisted, red-blooded Americans whoare notfighting behind a gun to serve Navu Building, Washington, D. C. Band arrangements and complete orchestra- shoulder to shoulderwith the com- tions will also be furnished upon request without charge. The sheet music is batant forces of the naval service.” published by the Robbins Music Corporation. When the Seab’ees take the field they maybe in combat zones and they and subsistence plants, 4 heating tion, Quonset Point, conceived the will have been so trained as topermit plants, 2 water tanks and a sewage idea of an official insignia and name. themto engage in combat duty if, pumpingstation. In addition there The final selection made was the word and as foundnecessary, in connection is a central recreationbuilding and an “Seabees,”whfch corresponds pho- withtheir primary mission of con- auditorium with a capacity toseat 900 netically to the pronunciation of C B, struction and repair work. They will persons. Another “Naval Construc- the abbreviationfor Construction be equipped and ready to build and tionTraining Center” of the same Battalion. It is also characteristic of repair our bases, to maintain and op- capacity (10 battalions) is now under the mission of the new organization- eratethem and help defend them construction at Davisville, R. I. and nautical as denoted in the first syl- fromattack if necessary. They are the first battalion moved in during lable, coupled with the industrious- the latter part of July. ness of the bee. one of the newest units of the Navy, Onegroup of thefirst battalion, This designation properly suggested but they are already carrying on its while in training at theNaval Air Sta- the appropriate insignia, whichwas proud traditions.

Page 11

riod from August 2, 1942,to October 21, 1942,inclusive, totaled 283. Casualties in the Service Thetotal casualty figure of 283 names is subdivided as follows: New lists again prove Dead 32 we’re in a fighting war Missing -251 Casualties of United States Naval Some of those under the classifica- Total 283 Forces-dead,wounded and missing tion of “missing” may have been res- These figures includeonly those reported to next of kin from Septem- cued at sea andlanded at isolated casualtiesresulting directly from ber 22 to October 31, 1942,inclusive, spots or otherwise made their way enemy action. Names of personnel totaled 2,127. Reported to the public to safety at places from which they onUnited Statesmerchant vessels in casualty lists No. 14, 15and 16, they have had noopportunity to communi- which are overdue and presumed lost are subdivided intothe following cate with UnitedStates Naval author- are considered casualties of enemy classifications: ities. action. The list does not include per- Dead 527 These lists bring the total of Navy, sons who were wounded, nor does it Wounded 695 Marine Corps, and CoastGuard contain the names of American citi- Missing 905 casualtiesreported to next of kin zens sailing on foreign-flag vessels. from December 7, 1941, to October 31, The list covers 31 states, the Dis- Total 2,127 1942, inclusive, to a grandtotal of trict of Columbia, theTerritory of 16,542. Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Thepreponderant share of these A recapitulation of these casualties, Islands. casualties resulted from direct action including corrections, follows: MerchantMarine Casualty List with the enemy, but included in the Dead Wounded Missing Number 2 brings thetotal United totalare names of those whowere Navy StatesMerchant Marine casualties lost in accidents at sea and in the air 3,854 1,190 7,972 reportedto next of kinduring the on duty directly connected with war Marine Corps 734 703 1,900 Coast Guard 37 11 126 period from September 27, 1941, to time operations. Naturaldeaths or October 21, 1942, to a grandtotal accidents not connected with opera- ”- Total: Of 2,584. This figure is subdivided tions against the enemy are not in- 4,6251,904 16,527 as follows: cluded in the total. Casualties of the United States Dead 442 The casualties in lists No. 14, 15 Merchant Marine, dead and missing, Missing 2,142 and 16 cover personnel of the Navy, resultingfrom war action andre- Marine Corps and (Toast Guard.ported tonext of kinduring the pe- Total 2,584

I ARMY, NAVY PLEDGE UNITYIN GREETINGS I I Dear Admiral King: submarine-infestedwaters of armedforces ofthe United The admiration of millions of theAtlantic and Pacific. The States are united in singleness soldiers ofthe United States drmy sends you,the Commander of purpose-to win this war. Army is extended today to their in Chiefof all Naval forces The Armyand the Navy have comrades in arms of the Navy afloat,its compliments of the alreadybeen brothers-in-prrms who are quite appropriately ob- day with assurance of its com- in many hard-fought battles- serving Navy Day by attacking pletecooperation towards an as at Bataan, at Midway, and the enemy wherever he may be early and final victory. in the Solmons. As wegain found. Faithfully yours, strength in men and in arms, In this war, as in no other in IS1 G.C. MARSHALL, they will continue to be found our history, the Armyand Navy Chief of Stag. shoulder-to-shoulder in the face are fighting together, sometimes of the enemy wherever he may underNavy command and at My Dear General Marshall: be found-on land, on sea, in other times under an Army com- On behalfof all of us who the air-until victory comes to mander.Our soldiers areac- comprise the Navy, I wishto restorepeace to our fellow- quiring firsthand knowledge of express sincere thanks for gour citizensand to our common the courage, skill and loyalty of kind and forceful message on country. the American sailors. They are the occasion of Navy Day, 1942. Sincerely yours, deeply grateful for the skillful It includesevidence enough, [SI E. J. KING, seamanship thathas escorted if evidence is needed, to assure Admiral, U. S. Navy. 800,000 of them safelyacross the our fellow-citizens that all the I I

Page 13 “Official U. S. Marine Corps Photograph.

Sand and palm trees on Guadalcanal are today’s battle- Marines dislodged the enemy from their positions during field as the United States and Japan battle furiously for the flrst phases of the continuing battle. Deud Japanese possession of the strategic Solomon Islands. This picture maw1 in the foreground,while in the background Marines was taken after the Battle of Tenaru River, where U. S. clean up the battlefield. ‘First Round’ Ends in Solomons “We are still in Guadalcanal occupying all the land we had when we started”-Knox

The ‘‘first round” in the Battle of How the action went, day by day, enemy landingoperations atthe the Solomons is over, Secretary of the is chronicled in thefollowing excerpts northwestern end of the island. One Navy Frank Knox told a press con- from official communiques: destroyer was sunk and another dam- ference on October 30, and when he During the night of October 5-6, aged. was asked who outpointed whom, he Navy and Marine Corps dive bombers The enemy continued to reinforce replied: “We are still in Guadalcanal and torpedo planes from Guadalcanal his troops on Guadalcanal during the occupying all the land we had when attacked six enemy destroyers which night of October 7-8. we started, and theenemy has retired had been located by our searchplanes. The evening of October 8, Navy from the scene.” These ships were attempting to assist and Marine Corps dive bombers and

Page 14 torpedo planes, assisted by fighters, another.Six enemy fighters were bombed by ’enemy aircraft.Three attackeda,n enemy surface force shot down. enemy planeswere shot down and one northwest of Guadalcanal. This force, During the afternoonof October 12, United States fighter was lost. containing one cruiser of the Kako anair groupfrom Guadalcanal at- By nightfallUnited States auxil- class and five destroyers, was covering tacked an enemy cruiser and a de- iaries had landed reinforcements for enemy landingoperations on the stroyer, also in the area south of New our troops at Guadalcanal. Although northwestern tip of the island. The GeorgiaIsland. A direct bomb hit these ships were attacked by enemy cruiser receivedone torpedo hit and severely damaged and stopped the bombers, no damage was suffered and was further damaged by bombs. Four cruiser. When last seen hercrew were our ships unloaded and withdrew. enemy seaplanes were shot down dur- abandoning ship. It is believed that The airfield and shore installations ing the air battle which followed our this cruiser had been damaged during at Guadalcanal wereheavily bom- attack andtwo of our planeswere lost. the previous engagements. A direct barded by an enemy surface force be- Airplane observers reported the crui- hit and several near misses set fire to lieved to have contained battleships, ser still burning on the afternoon of the destroyer accompanyingthe cruis- cruisers and destroyers, duringthe October 9. er, and she was left in a sinking con- night of October 13-14. Shorebat- On various occasions the Japanese dition. teries scored threehits on enemy were successfulin increasing the num- Reports indicate that as a result of destroyersduring the bombardment. ber of their troops on Guadalcanal Is- the night action of October 11-12 and The afternoon of October 14 Gua- land by night landings from cruisers, theair attacks on October 12, the dalcanal airfield was attacked by destroyers and small transports. Navy enemy suffered the following mini- two separate groups of enemy bomb- and Marine Corps aircraft from Gua- mum of damage: ers, eachwith fighter escort. Our dalcanal persistently attackedthese One heavy cruiser sunk. fighters were unable to intercept the landing parties but air attack alone One cruiser badly damaged and out first flight, which contained about 25 did notstop the landings. Forthis of action. bombers. During the second attack reason a task group of United States Four destroyers sunk. they shot down 9 of the 15 bombers cruisers and destroyers was ordered to One medium-sized transport sunk. in the group and destroyed 4 fighters. intercept enemy ships attempting fur- One destroyer probably sunk. OneUnited States fighter was lost. ther landings. During the afternoon of October 13 During the early morning of Oc- About midnight on the nightof Oc- the airfield at Guadalcanal was twice tober 15 enemy transports, covered tober 11-12, this task group engaged a force of enemy cruisers, destroyers andtransports to the westward of Savo Island. After a 30-minute bat- YOUCAN’T DENY A PEOPLE tle foughtwith guns and torpedoes, On a fieldin distant Burma, gullied deep with tropic rain, the enemy was forced to abandon his A mud-bespattered pilot mounts a bullet-punctured plane. landing attempt and withdraw. Sev- In a flash he turnsand takes her off and heads into thesun eral of our ships received minor to Where the Japsin man-made hornets ride, full twentyto his one. moderatedamage, and one United He questions not, nor falters, as he roars into thefight States destroyer was sunk. During the For a soldier won’t be conquered when he KNOWShe’s in the right. engagement ourforces sank one heavy cruiser (Nati or Atago class), fourde- Half a world away a freighter dips herprow into theblue stroyers, and an enemy transport of ’Neath the sternand able guidance of an ever-watchfulcrew. about 5,000 tons. Suddenly the calm is shatteredby a lookout’s lusty yell, Themorning of October 12, Navy “U-boat offthe starboard quarter! Battle stations! Give ’em Hell!” and Marine Corps torpedo planes and Yes, and HELL is whatthey’ll give them ’til they drive them from thesea dive bombers left Guadalcanal to lo- For you can’t defeat a sailor when he’s fighting to be free. cate and attack the retreating enemy With the Britishand Australians, a hell-for-leather Yank ships. About 10 o’clock,two enemy Plows across the sands ofEgypt in a roaring twisting tank. cruisers were overtaken south of New Over ditch and dune approaching wherethe Axis forces wait Georgia Island. A torpedo hit was And without a qualm he rides into their cannon spitting hate obtained on one cruiser, and several Giving blow for blow until perforce they must bombsexplodeld nearby. The cruiser Abandon hope of victory and flee into the dust. was left dead in the water and burning. While our army and our navy meet the enemy afar, Also during the morning, Army Fly- Wheels of industry are turning,rolling out thetools of war. ing Fortresses bombed the airfield and From the sands of Martha’s Vineyard to the warmPacific shore, shore establishments on the island of Men and women work together welding bombers,digging ore, Buka.Fires were startedand 10 Building Ships and buying War Bonds with a tenth of what theymake- wrecked or damaged bombers and You justcan’t deny apeople when their freedom is at stake. fighters were observed on the ground. ”Ensign R. L. Collins, of the Charleston Navy Yard. Armybombers hit and set fire to USNR, one cargo ship at Buin and damaged Page 15 by destroyers, cruisers, and a battle- Island.One bomb hit was reported other aircraft carrier of the same ship, were sighted off Savo Island. on a heavy cruiser. Army “Flying class. This force proceeded toland troops Fortresses” struck at this same force Two heavy bomb hits ona battle- on thenorth coast of Guadalcanal about 10 minutes later and scored two ship of the Kongo class. Island to thewestward of our airfield. bomb hits on an enemy light cruiser One heavy bomb hit on a light An aircraftstriking group attacked which was left burning and dead in cruiser. the enemy ships and reports indicate the water. Fivemedium bomb hitson a cruiser of the class. that three direct hits were made on Enemy fighterswere active over our Tikuma one transportand that two other Torpedo and bomb hitson a positions periodically throughout the heavy cruiser. transports were left burning.The day. Seventeen of these planes were Japanesebattleship was damaged Three torpedo hitson a heavy reported to have been destroyed by cruiser. and one enemy fighter was shot down. our Grumman “Wildcats.” Otherenemy forces including Four heavy bomb hits on a heavy During the night of October 25-26, cruiser of the class. heavy units have been sighted in the enemy troops were active on Guadal- Mogami vicinity of Guadalcanal. canal and succeeded in piercing our Reportsindicate the definite de- United States Army troops partici- lines on the southside of the airfield. struction of more than 100 enemy air- pated in the defense of Guadalcanal. Army troopsthrew back the attack craft and the probable destruction of During the early morning of Octo- and regained their positions. Marine about 50 others. ber 25, enemy troops launched a de- troops were active onthe western termined attack against the southern flank andreported small gains in Towers to Pacific, fiank of our positions on Guadalcanal. heavy fighting. Army and Marine Corps troops held McCain to BuAero On October 26, a Pacific Fleet car- their positions. Rear Admiral John H. Towers, USN, About the middle of the morning, a rier Task Force exchangedair attacks has been relieved as Chief of the Bu- force of enemy cruisers and destroyers with strongenemy forces northeast reau of Aeronautics to assume the shelled ourGuadalcanal positions of Guadalcanal. The U. S. S. Pomrter newly created post of Commander Air from the northward. (destroyer) was sunk by enemy action Force, Pacific Fleet, with the rank of A Japanesedestroyer sank the and one of our aircraft carriers was Vice Admiral. This billet is the most severely damaged and subsequently U.S.S. Seminole (fleet tug) anda small important air command afloat in the harborpatrol boat near the Island sank.Other United States vessels Navy. of Tulagi. Our shore batteries opened havereported lesser damage. Two New chief of the Bureau of Aero- fire on the destroyer and scored three enemy aircraft carriers were damaged nautics is Rear Admiral John S. Mc- in this action. hits.Grumman “Wildcats” from Cain, USN, who has been awarded the Guadalcanal strafed and further dam- During the morning, United States DistinguishedService Medal by the sged the destroyer. bombers and fighters from Guadal- Secretary of the Navy for “exception- AnArmy “FlyingFortress” on a canal again attackedthe enemy cruis- ally meritorious service in a duty of search mission was attacked by six ersand destroyerswhich were at- great responsibility as Commander “Zero” fighters. One “Zero” was shot tackedtwice on October 25th. One Aircraft, South Pacific andSouth down andthe “Fortress” returned directhit was scored on an enemy Pacific Force.” safely. cruiser. In addition to his new assignment Two UnitedStates minesweepers During the night of October 26-27, as Commander Air Force, Pacific engaged three enemy destroyers near Navy Consolidated“Catalinas” at- Fleet, Admiral Towers will also be, ex Guadalcanal. Navy and Marine Corps tacked an enemy force40 miles north- officio, the principal air adviser to Ad- dive-bombers joined in the action and east of Guadalcanal. One enemy car- miral Nimitz, Commander in Chief of sank two of the enemy destroyers. rier was hit by a torpedo and an ene- the Pacific Fleet. During theearly afternoon, our my cruiser receivedtwo bomb hits. During the period from May 19 to Douglas“Dauntless” dive-bombers Heavy antiaircraftfire was encoun- September 21, 1942, according to the from Guadalcanalattacked a force teredand one of ourplanes was citationaccompanying Admiral Mc- of enemy cruisers anddestroyers damaged. Cain’s award, and before and during north of FloridaIsland. A direct The firstdetailed report of the naval the campaign of the Solomon Islands bomb hit damaged and stopped one air battle which was fought on Octo- from August 1 to September 21, 1942, enemyheavy cruiser. Shortlyafter ber 26th, to the eastwardof the Stew- by his “courageous initiativeand this attack, about sixteen enemy dive- art Islands, as received by the Com- efficient coordination of the forces bombers attackedour airfield. Five mander in Chief, United States Fleet, underhis command,” Admiral Mc- of thesebombers were shot down. from Vice Admiral Halsey, Comman- Cain was responsible for the expan- Nine moreenemy bombers attacked der of the South Pacific area, indi- sion and development of shore and the airfield soon after this last action cated the following damage tothe tender bases, themaintenance of and inflicted minor damage. enemy: scouting and striking flights, and the During thelate afternoon, our Four to six heavy bomb hits on establishment of effective cooperation dive-bombers from Guadalcanal again an aircraft carrier of the Zuikaku between those air units of the United struck at the force of enemy cruisers class. States, Australia and New Zealand and destroyers north of Florida Two medium bomb hits on an- assigned to duty on the island bases.

Page 16

. I of stressand undersuch dangerous conditions is worthy of the distinction shown you in being the first person in the United States Naval Service to be so decorated.” Further, the President on October 27 approved the award of the Legion of Merit in various degrees to the following for outstanding service: Capt. Marion Y. Cohen, USN; Capt. John B. Heffernan, USN; Capt. George W. Johnson, USN; Capt.Ralph W. Hungerford, USN; Capt. Edmund T. Wooldridge, USN; Capt. PaulR. Heine- man, USN; Commander Albert C. Mur- daugh, USN; CommanderWilliam L. Erdman, USN; Lt. Comdr. Mitchell D. Matthews, USN; Lt. Comdr.Roger b V. Brew-Mullany, USNR; Hubert Allen ster, CWT (AA) USN; AnthonyPaul Victor, WTlc, USNR; Leo Martin Sav- age, WTlc USN; and Lt. de Vaisseau A. Bergeret, Free French Navy. The text of the President’s Execu- tive Order 9260, October 29, 1942,is as follows: By virtue of and pursuant to the authority vested in me by section 2 of theact of July 20, 1942 (Public “Otiicial U. S. N:Lv$ l’l~oto&yaph. Law 671-77th Congress), I hereby Miss Ann A. Bernatitus. prescribe the following rules and regulations for the award of the decoration of the “Legion of Merit” created Nurse Gets Legion of Merit by said act: Ann Bernatitus, who escaped from Ba- 1. The decoration of the Legion of Merit shall be awarded by the Presi- taan and Corregidor, firstto win award dent of the United States or at his The only Navy nurse to escape from armed forces of friendly foreign na- direction to members of thearmed Bataan and Corregidor has been actions who, sinceSeptember 8, 1939, forces of the United States andof the corded the distinction of being the shallhave distinguished themselves Government of the Commonwealth of first member of the United States by exceptionally meritorious conduct the Philippines, and members of the naval service to’ receive the new Le- inthe performance of outstanding armed forces of friendly foreign na- gion of Merit decoration. service. tions, who, after the proclamation of She is Miss Ann Agnes Bernatitus, The New Medal is a five-pointed an emergency by thePresident on who holds the relative rank of lieu- star in red and white, surrounded by September 8, 1939,shall have distin- tenant (jg) in the Navy Nurse Corps. a constellation of 13 stars on a blue guishedthemselves by exceptionally She was on duty in Canacao when the field, backed by a laurel wreath. The meritorious conduct in the perform- Japanese attacked Manila, havingar- Legion of Merit is the successor to the ance of outstanding services. rived there in July 1940. With other Badge for Military Merit, established 2. Awards of the decoration of the United States forces, she withdrew by General George Washington in Legion of Merit may be proposed to into Bataan and laterwent to Corregi- 1782. the President by the Secretary of War dor, leaving that fortress in a subma- On October 14, the President of the and by the Secretary of the Navy, each rine 2 days before its surrender. She United States approved the award of acting upon the recommendation of arrived in the United States in July. the Legion of Merit,fourth degree, an officer of the armed forces of the The Legion of Meritdecoration, to Miss Bernatitus in recognition of United States who has personal knowl- established by Public Law No. 671 on her courageous and outstanding serv- edgeof the services of the person July 20, 1942,and made effective by ice duringthe Manila-Bataan cam- recommended. Executive Order 9260 on October 29, paign December 1941 to April 1942. 3. Recommendations for awards to was created for award in four degrees In notifying Miss Bernatitus of the members of thearmed forces of to, (a) the armed forces of the United award, Rear Admiral Randall Jacobs, friendly foreign nations shall be sub- States and of the Government of the Chief of Naval Personnel, a,dvised her mitted to the President of the United Philippines and, (b) personnel of the that “your excellent service in a time States for his approval.

Page 17 492688-42-3 rOfficial U. S. Marine Corps I’hotograph.

FROM THE TROPICS-Bombed and shell-swept, this is waging a continuing battlefor control of theharbor facili- the shoreline of Tulagi Island, tiny but strategic member ties. This picture shows the damage inflicted by American of the Solomon group where Americans and Japanese are forces before they occupied the island. Anniversary Finds Marines Fighting Operating in all parts of a war-torn world, the corps continues a record begun in 1775

“Keep up the good work, Marines. statement was madein connection day this year will find Marines sta- I’m immensely proud of all of you.” with preparations by the Corps to ob- tioned in all partsof a war-torn world, This is partof a Marine Corps anni- serve its 167th anniversary onNovem- those at theSolomon Islands fighting versary message fromLt. Gen. Thomas ber 10. valiantly against a well-trained and Holcomb, Commandant of the Marine “The United StatesMarine Corps determined foe,” Lieutenant General Corps, to Marines fighting the Jap- shortly will observe the 167th Anni- Holcomb said. anese in theSolomon Islands. versary of its founding on November “Ifeel a deep prideover the manner Lieutenant G e n e r a 1 Holcomb’s 10, 1775, at Philadelphia,Pa. That in which every man has upheld the

Page 18 ~~

Corps’ traditions of devotion to duty, courage, and sacrifice. “To those menfar from home, I say: Keep up thegood work, Marines. I’m Treachery in the Solomons immensely proud of all of you.” Marinesreveal how enemysets Eight months after theDeclaration of Independence, the newly formed “booby” traps baited with own dead ContinentalMarines, Lfn d e r the leadership of Capt. Samuel Nicholas, The following account of action in started to go ashore. Without warn- performed their first mission in the Solomons was written by Sergt. ing they were met by a terrific burst March of1776, alanding operation Richard T. Wright, Marine Corps from several machine guns hidden in from Navy ships at the British-held combat correspondent at the scene. the underbrush,They weremowed Bahama Islands.They captured down like stalks of corn, except for sorely needed quantities of powder. It SOMEWHERE IN THE SOUTHPACIFIC.- 3 the twowho escaped and swam to was perhaps one of the most success- Stories of Jap treachery, one telling safety.” fulnaval operations of the Revolu- how 28 out of 30 Marines paid with their lives for honoring a Jap flag of Another time, Private Nunley said, tionary War. two men of hiscompany on patrol It was 8 months after Pearl Harbor truce, were reported by Solomon Is- lands casualtiesevacuated tothe duty saw a Jap on horseback moving that the Marine Corps, last August, along the fringe of the jungle, waving hurled its largest landing forcein his- Navy mobile base hospital here. toryagainst the Japanese,‘forcing Pvt.Raymond Paul Nunley, nurs- a white flag. The sergeant in charge them to relinquish control of the vital ing a leg wound received in the early walked out to makethe Japa prisoner. Solomon Islands. It marked the Solomons fighting,told of the mas- “He got within 5 feet of the Jap and launching of America’s first land of- sacre of the Marine truce mission. was shotand killed,” Nunley said. fensive in this war. “A Jap officer carrying a white flag “This sergeant was a mighty popular guy, and later that day several of his Nearly 200 armedlandings are came riding into a Marine camp one palswent out to avengehim. How recorded to its credit, and 90 years of day,” Nunley said, “and told thecom- many Japs they killed with their American historyhave seen U. S. manding officer a bunch of Japs across Marines in action. In November 1941 nearbya inlet were isolated and bayonets I don’t know. They wouldn’t talk about it when they returned.” the oldest and most active service in wanted to surrender. Our C. 0. took the country is undergoingunprece- him at his word and 30 Marine officers Platoon Sergt. Harry W. Schuler. dented expansion. The present na- and men piled into a tank lighter and who is recovering from a kneewound, tional emergency has alreadyseen crossed about 5 miles of water to the washimself anear-victim of the Marines shove off to defend the out- point where the Japs were lccated. white-flag trick. Hewas in one of posts of the nationaldefense net- “Only twoof those Marinesare alive several Marine landing boats entering work-to Iceland, and to many bases today. As thetank lighter ap- a cove on Florida Island when a large acquiredfrom England-and the proached the beach a few Japs were white flag was seen waving from a 166th year of its existence has seen the observed, andsure enough oneof tree on shore. Corps jump from a strength of about them waswaiving awhite flag. As “We decidedto investigate,” Schuler 36,000 men to its present strength of the boat scraped onto the beach, the relates. “We got in to about150 yards over 60,000. Marineslet down theramp and from shore and they opened up on us.

“Official U. 8. Navy Photograph. TO THE ARCTIC-Here the Marines are at anAlaskan oatpost. They can be foand fighting anywhere in the worU where the going is hard. Page 19 Fortunately, we were ready and we blasted them right back.” Sergt. Barton S. Hill summed it up And Texas Is Just ONE of Our States this way: “If all-outtreachery de- Hon. Sun: Hirohito: cided battles, theJaps wouldhave Ah, here’s the Emperor of Japan, They aggravate, upset and hex us, licked us hands down. They worked His face a study in dead pan; Trip us, razz us, and perplex us. the ‘dead dog’ trick, set booby traps, What news hefetches I can’t Blow our ships to bits and vex us, pulled fakesurrenders, and tried to guess These flghtin’ sons-0’-guns from give us orders in English during night The pan is so expressionless. Texas. actions. We had been warned to ex- Good Day, my son, how tired One of them, Sire,is a lad named pect thesetactics, andafter a few you’re looking, Wheeless, missteps we got the feel of the thing Come, tell your ancestor what’s Why, the sound of his name is and their funny business backfired on cooking. enough to congeal us. them.” Hirohito: And if by chance, it isn’thim, it‘s 0, honored Sire, so sorry, please, Admiral Chester William Nimitz. Sergeant Hill, who was hit by a Jap But we fare ill upon the seas. Furthermore, this Stateof Texas sniper’s bullet while going to the res- Hon. Sun: Produces soldiers of both sexes. cue of a wounded comrade, told how Ain’t Yamamoto’in Washington? I hear that they have a rather the enemyused their owndead in Hon. Sun: knobby setting booby traps. The usual form Sire, Yamamoto’s on the mn. Lady Colonel name of Hobby. of booby trap is a weapon,pocket- Hon. Sun: Hon. Sun: book, cooking utensil or similar arti- But this was not supposed to be; Is Texas part of the U. S. A,? cle apparently discarded but in real- Hirohito : Hirohito: ity attachedto a grenadewhich The Naws, August Celestial The latter’s a part of it, I’d say. Hon. Sun: explodes when the object is picked up LamP, world or moved. Is enough to give a .Tap a cramp. Well, why in the dm’t vou The odious Sam has a secret fellows pink ’em, “It’s pretty hard to fool a Marine Point yourguns at their boats on one of thesetraps,” Hill said. weapon, now on and sink ’em? “We’d heard too muchabout how And he’s using it Nippon. Hon. Sun: Hirohito: they were used against Marines and Sink ’em?Why, only the other Whatis it-agun? A ship? A other forces in the Philippines. But plane? day, leave it to the Japs to think up the Or some new kind of gaseous We potted a Texan, Ensign Gay; devilish idea of baiting booby traps bane? He should have sunk, but he Hirohito: stayed afloat, with their own dead!” And watched us sink, from his It is a man-aworryin’ vexin’ Private LarenE. Krause, of Yakima, rubber boat. Wash., described another Jap strata- Shootin’ biped called a Texan. Hon. Sun: gem that backfired after costing the Hon. Sun: Ah, that wasn’t good for honor- life of a Marine sentry. Texan,? able face. Hirohito: Hirohito: “Ten Japs somehow had stolen one Honored Star, they’re tenfeet of our landing boats and a couple of Butwhat are wegoing to do tall, about Texas? United States Navy uniforms,” And they speak wllth a most dis- Give us sme help before Texas Krauserelated. “They approached a armful drawl; wrecks us. Marine outpost on the beach, under Wear high-heeledboots, look Hon. Sun: ‘cover of darkness.The sentry saw awfully mild, What you’ve been telling me, my two figures coming towardhim and But in a fight look out! They’re son, wild! Convinces me that you are done. although hecould not see them clearly They holler, “Hey, you blankety- he recognized the navaluniforms. Deep in the heart of solar plexus blank foe! I feel my future lies with Texas He asked them to give the pass word Please to Remember Alamo.” SO, off with the old, son, and on and of course they didn’t know it. Hon. Sun: with the new. Sizing upthe situation, th? Marine A Lo Mo? I’m on the bund wagon-I’m gave the alarm and opaned fire with Hirohito: through with ycu. his pistol, killing one of the Japs. Thenthey shout, “Get along, As of today my celestial candle Yip-pee.’’ Shines for the land of therising Thesentry was shot a fewseconds Hon. Sun: before our machine gunsalong the panhandle. Yippee? That sounds like Chi- -Frank Sullivan, in beachwent into action, blowing the nese to me. “The Guardsman.” Japs right into the sea.”

Page 20 A cruiser being co’nstructed at the Bethlehem Steel Corporation’s Fore The ccWasp”Is Sunk River Yard, Quincy, Mass.,has been designated the U. S. S. Canberra. It But new ships are abuilding; originally wasscheduled to become Secretary Knox assigns names the U. S. S. Pittsburgh. The name U. S. S. Astoria was as- The U. S. S. Wasp (aircraft carrier) Wasp. Other explosionsfollowed in signed to a vesselbuilding atthe wassunk in the South Pacific on the vicinity of the hangar deck. The Camp Shipbuilding Co., Philadelphia, September15th as the result of an fires could not be brought under con- Pa., and the names, U. S. S. Quincy enemy submarine attack.The Wasp trol, and, about 3 hours after the at- and U. S. S. Vincennes were assigned remainedafloat for 5hours after tack, it became necessary to abandon to ships on the ways at Bethlehem being attackedand sank at atime ship. Steel Corporation’s Pore River yard, when there were no enemy forces in About 8 p. m., when all hopes of ex- Qulncy, Mass. The last ships to bear the vicinity. For this reason the an- tinguishing the flames and saving the thosenames were sunk off Guadal- nouncement of her loss was delayedas Wasp had been abandoned,a U. S. canal, in the Solomon Islands, on the long as there remained a probability destroyer sank her with torpedoes. night of August 8-9, 1942. that the enemywas unaware of her About 90 percent of the personnel of A cruiser underconstruction at sinking. the Wasp were rescued. Newport News (Va.) Shipbuilding and The Wasp, operating in company Secretary of the Navy Frank Knox Dry Dock Co. was designated U. S. S. with a task force in the South Pacific has approved the change in the name Houston to perpetuate the name of area, was engaged in covering the of theaircraft carrier Bon Homme the vesselwhich disappeared after movement of reinforcements and sup- Richard to Yorktown to perpetuate contacting a numericallysuperior plies into Guadalcanal when she was the nameof the aircraft carrierwhich Japanese force inthe Java Sea on torpedoed at approximately 2:50 capsized and sank on June7, 1942, as the night of February 28-29, 1942. o’clockon the afternoon of Septem- the result of enemy torpedoing and The new Houston was to have been ber 15. Three torpedoes struckthe bombing 3 days before in the Battle the U. S. S. Vicksburg, while the new Wasp in the vicinity of her magazines of Midway, and a submarine attack on Astoria, Vincennes, and Quincy were and gasoline tanks, resulting in many June 6. to have been the Wilkes-Barre, Flint, explosions and serious fires through- The ship that will bear the name and St. Paul, respectively. out the ship. U.S. S. Yorktown is being constructed About 15 minutes after the torpedo at the plant of the Newport News hits, a heavyexplosion rocked the Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co., Newport News,Va., and is a carrier of the Waves Must Not U. S. S. Essex class. The Essex was launched in the same yard on July Replace Civil Service 31, 1942. U. S. S. R. GREETINGS Public Law No. 689, 77th Congress, It will be the fourth ship and sec- DEARADMIRAL JACOBS: On the ond aircraft carrier to be designated approvedJuly 30,1942, established celebration ofthe Navy Day, U. S. S. Yorktown. Thefirst was a the Women’s Reserve as a branch of October 27, 1942, I should like 16-gunsloop of war that was the NavalReserve, the purpose of to send my greetings to the launched in 1839. The second was a which was to expedite the war effort American naval forces which gunboat that was launched in 1888. by releasing officers and men for duty arefighting the enemy so val- The third U. S. S. Yorktown was the at sea,and their replacement by iantly. aircraft carrier lost in the Bzttle of women in the shore establishment of As representative of the Navy Midway. It was of approximately the Navy. of the Union of Soviet Socialist 19,900 tonsdisplacement and was Republics, I wish to tell you and Section 505 of the Act states: launched April 4, 1936. “Members of the Women’s Reserve through you the American Naval Secretary of the Navy Frank Knox oflcers and sailors that the of- shall notbe used to replace civil-serv- has assigned to four new cruisers the ice personnel employed in the Naval ficers, sailors and all the people names of the four United States ves- ofthe U. S. S. R. are looking sels of that type which have been lost Establishment, but shallbe composed forward to the day when the in the was, while a fifth has been des- of women trained and qualified for United Nations’forces will inflict ignatedto carry the name of an duty in the shore establishmentof the a decisive blow to the common Australian ship which was sunk with Navy to release male officers and en- enemy and destroy the fascist three of our cruisers. listedmen of the naval service for clique Once and for ever. The Australian vessel, the Canberra, duty at sea.” Yours very sincerely, was sunk off Guadalcanal in the Solo- Administrative officers will not re- [SI I. YEGORICHEV, mon Islands, on the night of August quest the assignment of “WAVES” Captain, 8-9, 1942, along with the U. S. S. nor will they utilize them for func- Naval Attach@. Astoria, the U. S. S. Quincy, and the tions in conflict with the expressed in- U. S. S. Vincennes. tent of Congress. Page 21 Page 22 ”official U.S. Navy Photograph. Though it now wears American colors, the airplaneabove Diego for repair and testing,the highly maneuverable is a vaunted Japanese Zero warplane (Mitsubishi’00) , dis- fighter has a wing span of 39 feet 5 inches and an OVer-all abled and forced downduring an air battle over the Aleu- length of 30 feet 3 inches. It mounts two22-mm. low tian Islands. Salvaged by Americans and shipped to Sun velocity cannon in the wings and two 7.7 guns in the nose. The Japanese “Zero” Fighter Plane proves maneuverable butprotection is poor A Japanese Zero fighter (Mitsubishi Aleutian area. It has been repainted pilot, which mainlyaccounts for its ’OO), which was salvaged after being in Navy colors. lightness, have madeits over-all com- only slightly damagedwhen forced Preliminary flight tests of the Zero bat record against the Navy’s Grum- down inthe Aleutian Islands,has developed a top speed of slightly less man Wildcat a poor one. The Zero’s been brought tothe United States and than 300 m. p. h. Latertests may empty weight is 3,781 pounds and its repaired at the Naval Air Station, San increase this speed somewhat. combat weight, without belly tank, is Diego, Calif. The Zero shows to best advantage approximately 5,200 pounds. The enemy plane will be brought to in a dogfight where tight turns make The 900-horsepower radial engine the Naval Air Station at Anacostia, high speedsimpossible. Thenits is a 14-cylinder, double-rowdesign D. C., where Navy pilots will put it maneuverability and climbingspeed using modifications or direct adoption through exhaustive tests in order to come into play. of many features found in our Pratt obtain data on its performance char- Around 200 m. p. h. the Zero is very & Whitney and Wright engines. The acteristics. Preliminary tests already light on the controls,but at higher propeller is athree-bladed, constant have taken place at SanDiego. speeds the controls become stiff. speed, hydraulic type identicalwith Present planscall for theZero to be Above225 m. p. h. the Zero will not the Hamilton model. Radio equip- flown acrossthe United States, inview make a fast roll because of this stiff- ment is copied after Fairchild units. of the difllculties attached to shipping ness.At 380 m. p. h., in a dive, the The over-all length of the Zero is it. Because the Zero’s airframe is a Zero develops marked flutter and vi- 30’3”, its wing span 39’5”. The single unit and the wings are riveted bration, which may be inherent or due wings are hinged 2 feet from the tips solidly to the fuselage, it is not con- to some undetecteddisalignment to allow foldingfor easier carrierhan- sidered feasible to attempt disassem- caused by itsrough landing inthe dling. The cockpit would be uncom- bly of the plane. Details of the pro- Aleutians. fortably small for most of our pilots. posed cross-country flight havenot Otherwise the Zero is a stable, easy- Armament consists of two 22-mm. been worked out. to-fly plane withgenerally good flying low velocity cannon, one mounted in When salvaged, the Zerowas characteristics. Its lightness is not each wing, with 60 rounds of ammuni- painted a smooth light grey tinted gained by flimsy construction, as it is tion, andtwo 7.7 guns, with 500 rounds with blue and light green, a coloring welldesigned. The lack of self-seal- each, in the nose to fire through the selected foroperations in the foggy ing tanks and armorprotection forthe propeller disk.

Page 23 Getting Mail LETTER WRITERS MUSTUSE CARE IN ADDRESSING

With Christmas greeting from home to United States service men on far- flung battlefronts already being placed in the mails, the ever-present problem of improperly addressedcom- munications is further emphasized. TheBureau of Naval Personnel alone receives thousands of misad- dressed letters and cards daily. Navy post offices also receive large numbers. Because of improper addresses, much concern is caused to both sender and addressee, in addition to taking much- needed manpower from otherduties in the postal service. Navy personnel will receive mail on time and theenormous job of checking flles to locate proper addresses will be manner. Hand printing or writing, of cer of the assigned code and will be in- minimized if every officerand manwill course, should be in ink. Return ad- structed to inform their correspond- cooperate by observing the following dress should be placed on the letters. ents of it. rules and hints: Writers should be particularly care- The codewill consist of the word ful to dot their “i’s”, cross their ‘‘t’s’’, The address of all mail should show: “Navy” followed by a number such as open the center of “e’s’’ and close the 1. First name. “Navy 999”, care of the Fleet Post Of- tops of “o’s,” etc. In short, each letter fice at San Francisco, Calif., or New 2. Middle name. should be formed as near perfectly as York, N. Y. The code should be writ- 3. Last name. possible. 4. Rank or rating. Don’tuse nicknames. As pointed ten in numerals and spelled out. An 5. Service number. out above, the first, middle, and last example: 6. Organization ( N a v y , Marine name should be given. John Henry Blake, Lt. (jg), USNR Corps, or Coast Guard). Secret bases and organizations are Navy 999 (NineHundred and 7. Ship, Base or Squadron to which beingprovided with code addresses. Ninety-nine) attached. Personnel at such establishments will c/o Fleet Post Office 8. Location of Base or c/o Fleet Post be apprised by the commanding offi- New York, N. Y. Office at SanFrancisco, Calif., or New York, N. Y. The informationshould be placedon RESERVE SERVICE COUNTSFOR STRIPES theletter as follows: The Uniform Regulations, 1941, Ar- fore to be considered as meaning serv- Harold Marvin James, S 2c, USN ticle 8-8 (c) , prescribes: “There shall ice on the active list of the Navy or 236 82 94 be one service stripe for each 4 years service on the active list of the Naval USS Drayton of active service in the Navy or the Reserve, whether performed in anac- c/o Fleet Post Office Naval Reserve.” tive or an inactive duty status, or the San Francisco, Calif. The Bureau, in Naval Reserve Cir- two combined. All service in theNavy The sameinformation, of course, cular Letter No. 34-34, dated Decem- and theNaval Reserve (which includes should be put on for the return ad- ber 4, 1934, made a determination as all classes thereof) may therefore be dress in letters writtenby service per- to what constitutes active service in counted in determining eligibility for sonnel. the Naval Reserve. In view of the large number of men service stripes.” Any person writing to a service man now serving on active duty who have Enlisted men of the Naval Reserve can obtain his correct address from maintained continuous service in the who perform continuous active duty, the Bureau of Naval Personnel, Navy NavalReserve, the priordetermina- maintainthe requiredmarks, and Department,Washington, D.C., by tion on the subject is repeated here- meet the qualifications outlined in Ar- stating thereason for the request. with: ticles 8-2 (b) and 8-8 (b) (2) are en- Lettersshould be typewritten, “As regards the UniformRegula- titled to wear gold rating badges and printed by hand or written ina legible tions, the term‘active service’ is there- service stripes. Page 24 Meeting a Problem in Training Victory Corps in school spurs youths to learn math, science needed in wartime To combat the problem of a dan- Service (Army), Air Service(Army to cope with the intricacies of mech- gerouslack of properelementary and Navy), Sea Service (Navy), Com- anizednaval warfare. Unable to ob- training in subjects which are basic munity Service, and Production Serv- tain enough men who have the re- to the war effort, the Navy Depart- ice. The students’ natural inclina- quired skills, the Navy runs additional ment is cooperating with the nation’s tions will lead them to their respec- Service Schools, so planned as to give school authoritiesin everypossible tive divisions. At the sametime many each student the foundation for a ca- way. A large part of the effort in the of the prerequisites that each field reer as a finished artisan. However, secondary schools centers around the demands are congenial to all divisions. before a man is qualified toattend VictoryCorps, anational voluntary As a result, the Victory Corps presents these schools, he must be able to meet organizationfor secondary schools, a united front with the youth coop- certain educational standards so that designed to mobilize students formore erating in their preparation for future he can deal effectively with the school effective preparation for and partici- active participation in ourwartime curriculum. Whether he is upto pation in wartime service. society. these standards or not depends, to a The corps is divided into six divi- Besides encouraging youths to em- largeextent, on his early school sions-GeneralMembership, Land phasize thoseacademic subjects in training. school which will best prepare them In November 1941, whenAdmiral for war service, the Victory Corps ad- Chester W. Nimitz was the Chief of vises students on the entranceinto theBureau of Navigation,now the critical services and occupations, de- Bureau of Naval Personnel, he wrote velop wartime citizenship, stress phys- a letter to Prof. Louis I. Brevold at ical fitness and military drill, give the University of Michigan in which preflight training in aeronautics and he said: preinduction training for critical oc- “The Navy depends for its efficiency cupations, and developcommunity upon trained men. Themen are service. trained at schools conducted for this The Navy is bending every effort to purpose and the admission of men to procure skilled men, menwho are able those schools is based upon the meet-

American youth falls im to take its place im the war effort.

Page 25 492688-42”-4 ing of certain carefully established re- whose purpose was to develop a plan quirements. However, inorder to for the wartime readjustment of the enroll the necessary number of men curricula of secondary schools. These in the training schools, it has been representatives accordinglyworked found necessary at one of the training out the High School Victory Corpsand stations to lower thestandards in recommended it to schools throughout 50% of the admissions. This neces- the country. sity is attributed to a deficiency in The policy committee of the Victory theearly education of themen in- Corps early realized that until such volved. Therequirements had to be time asthe youths were called into lowered in the field of arithmetical at- active participation in industry, agri- tainment. Relative to the results ob- culture, the Army or Navy, the best tainedin the General Classification way theseyouths couldserve their Test, the lowest category of achieve- country was in school-participating ment was in arithmetic.” in anintensifled intellectual and phys- In a letter to the members of the ical curriculum.. National Council of Chief State School Reproduced above are the insig- Boys and girls in the first2 years of Officers, in reference to participating niaof the High School Victory high school will participate inthe in a specialmeeting they held in Corps. Reading from left to right General Membership Division of the Nashville last May, the Army and and top to bottom,the insignia VictoryCorps. Theother five divi- the Navy issued a joint letter signed standsfor: Land Service Division, sions will be filled by the older stu- by the then Acting Secretary of War, GeneralMembership, Sea Service dents in their last two year who have Robert P. Patterson,and the then Division, Production Service Divi- some general idea of the branchof the Acting Secretary of the Navy, James sion, Community Service Division, service theyintend to join: (1) Air Porrestal, in which they said “We ap- and Air Service Divisiolz. ServiceDivision-the studentsmust preciatethis opportunity to discuss be planning and have begun prelimi- with you at this most crucial time the the summer of 1942, a special commit- narypreparation for service inthe problem of bringing tothe public tee of the U. s. Office of Education armed forces as aviation cadets or as schools of the nation a realization of Wartime Commissionbegan a study aircraftrepair an d maintenance the urgent needs forinstruction in of the general problem of Wartime workers; (2) Sea ServiceDivision- science andmathematics as pre- ServiceOrgBnizations in Secondary members should beplanning and have service training. Army and Navy of- Schools.After seeing theresults of begun preliminarypreparation for ficials charged with,the responsibility this study, the administrator of the service in some branch of the Navy or of training the armed forces have FederalSecurity Agencyrequested MerchantMarine other than naval been brought to a serious realization that the Secretaries of War, Navy, and aviation; (3) Land Service Division- of certain deficiencies in the relations Commerce appoint official representa- intention to serve in some branch of of those instructional fields of service tives to serve on a policy committee, the ground forces of the Army; (4) needs.” Production ServiceDivision-service This, then, was the problem: to de- in war industry, agriculture, or other vise a method by which the boys and civilian productive civilian occupa- girls in schoolcould become more tions, as distinguished from service actively identified with our war effort occupations, and (5) Community and at thesame timebe preparing for Service Diviiion-work in such proj- their eventual active participation in ects as teaching, social work,medi- it. cine, nursing, dentistry, librarianship, In June1942, Rear Admiral Randall or other professional services; stenog- Jacobs, the Chief of Naval Personnel, raphy, typist, bookkeeper; homemak- reiteratingthe Navy’s recommenda- ing, child care, home nursing, nutri- tions said, in effect: tion or similar service. It is believed that the vital basic To coordinate the VictoryCorps education curriculum and the physi- program and disseminate knowledge, cal fitness program will provide a firm a radio program is presented over the foundation on whichspecialized train- BMC! network from 1430 to 1500 east- ing in the armedservices can be built. ern wartime, and is piped into all To help solve this problem, early in -The Eaglet. schools that have receiving facilities.

’ Page 26 ,I LegislativeMatters of Interest Authorization of benefits and gratuities for reserve personnelretroactive to September 8, 1939

The following legislation of interest (b) Actual and necessaryexpenses The followingproposed legislation to the Navy has been approved since or Per diem in lieu thereof, as may be has passed the House of Representa- thelast issue of the INFORMATIONdetermined and approved by the SeC- tives and is now on the Senate Cal- BULLETIN: retary of the Navy, of naval and civil- endar: (1) Public Law”737-77th Congress, ian personnel in and under the Naval (1) H. R. 7577.-A bill to adjust the approved October 10, 1942. Establishment,on special duty in for- pay status of enlisted personnel ap- By the provisions of Section 4 of eign countries. pointed to commissioned rankfor the Naval Aviation Personnel Act ap- (’) Per diem not ex- temporary service to provide thaten- proved October 27, 1940, personnel of ceeding $6.00 to naval personnel of, listedpersonnel temporarily ap- the Naval Reserve are entitled to the or under training for, the Naval Air same benefits and gratuities allowed Transport Service while on such duty pointed to commissioned rankshall forpersonnel of the Regular Navy. or training away from their perma- receive not less thanthe pay of a These provisions were not retroactive nent stations as may be determined warrant officerof the equivalent sew- beyond the dateof approval of the act and approved by theSecretary of the ice. This proposed bill, if ~PProved, (August 27, 1940). By the provisions Navy. will be retroactiveJune to 1,1942. of Public Law 737 the authorization of benefits and gratuities for personnel in the NavalReserve was made Qrders for Training Courses retroactive to September 8, 1939. (2) Public Law 739-77th Congress, Rulesestablished to give approved Octobmer 10, 1942. best p o s s i b 1 e service This Act suspends, for the duration Manyorders are received fromIt has been the policy of the Bureau of the war, the requirements of the shipsfor Enlisted Training Courses toship onecourse andthree PT&E’s Actapproved March 2, 1933,which whichdo not exist. This is undoubt- as aunit due tothe fact that the prescribes a ration in kind except in edly due to the fact that many of the coursebook is sufficiently well con- those cases where the Secretary of the newerofficers arenot familiar with structed to be used at leastthree Navy determines suchsuspension con- the “Yearbook of EnlistedTraining.” times. It is felt thatthis maynot trary to thebest interest of the Navy. Suchrequests will not beanswered. work outsatisfactorily with many of During the period of suspension, the Where Enlisted Training Courses do the Small boats now going into com- Secretary of the Navy is authorized to notexist, thetraining is based on mission dueto lack of storagespace fix the limit of the cost of rations. qualifications as outlined in the Bu- and fewmen of each ratingaboard (3) Public Law 745-77th Congress, reau of Naval Personnel Manual, Sec- ship, although it is still desired that approved October 14, 1942. tion D, Chapter 5. the course book be used as long as This Act authorizes the General Ac- The December issue of the Bureau possible. Smallboats may help the counting Office to accept a certificate of Naval Personnel INFORMATIONBUL- Bureau out in this matter by ordering in lieu of copies of confidential or LETIN will contain a corrected list of both courses and PT&E’s by number. secret orders forthe purpose of trans- courses available. The present policy of onethree to will portation of dependents and house- The “Yearbook of Enlisted Train- Still be followed Out for all larger ships. hold effects of personnel of the Navy, ing,” 1943 edition, should be ready by It is extremely important to use the Marine Corps, CoastGuard, and Coast January 1, 1943, at which time it willCourse books as long as Possible due and Geodetic Survey, when such per- be mailed toall ships and stations to the Vast amount Of work the GOV- sonnel are transferredincident to along with the new order form, BNP ernment Printing Office is now called secret or confidential orders. upon to do. (4) Public Law 763-77th Congress, approvedOctober 26, 1942 (Second SupplementalNational Defense Ap- propriation Act-1943). This Act authorizes: (a) Increased pay for aerial flights to 45 officers above the rank of captain (no certificate shall be required that extraordinary hazards were in- cooperation of all ships and stations of these stockrooms, using an original curredduring the period in which in this matter will be greatly appre- and carbon copy of the new standard aerial flights are made). ciated. form BNP 676 or ship’s stationery.

. Page 27 tional Headquarters, Navy Relief So- ciety, will behandled inthe same manner,but willbe routedthrough Navy Relief and Red Cross the Bureau of Naval Affairs at Red Cross national headquarters, for the Duplication will beavoided in initialdontact with the proper Red handling Naval personnelcases Cross chapters. The originalreport from the chapterwill be forwarded to Agreements to “insure complete co- raisingactivities willbe limited to the National Headquarters, Navy Re- operation and to avoid the duplica- “solicitationfrom Navalpersonnel, lief S’ociety, and subsequentcorre- tion of service” inthe handling of benefits administered and partici- spondence on the case may be con- cases of navalpersonnel andtheir pated in, by Naval personnel and the ducteddirectly between that office dependents by the NavyRelief So- acceptance of voluntarycontribu- and the chapter concerne‘d. ciety andthe AmericanRed Cross tions.” (d) In areaswhere RedCross chap- have been entered intoby the national The general plan, as outlined in the ters and Navy Relief Auxiliaries are officers of the two organizations. joint statement, follows: both serving, provision will be made In a joint statementsigned by Rear (a) Casescoming to the attention for the closest working relationships Admiral J. 0. Richardson, USN, exec- of the AmericanRed Cross through and the clearance of cases to avoid utive vice-president of the Navy Re- directapproach to RedCross field duplication and to enable one agency lief Society, and the Honorable Nor- directors or chapters by service men to benefit throughthe case experi- man H.Davis, American Red Cross or their families will be handled by ence of the other. The clearance of chairman, the relationshipof the two the RedCross asin the past.The such cases may beaccomplished groups is outlined. financial resources of the Navy Relief through (1) the registration of cases The statement points out that the Society, when needed, are available to of both agencies in the confidential Red Cross has, “as one of its primary chaptersand field directors of the exchange of the community,or (2) responsibilities, the broad program of AmericanRed Cross in accordance the clearance of cases with each other voluntary aid to Army and Navy per- with customary case-work practice. under a mutuallysatisfactory plan sonnel and their dependents, in addi- When application is madeto Red which must provide for the main- tion to many other importantservices Cross field directors or chaptersfor tenance of records of the cases so which it renders to the armed serv- assistance in obtaining aid from Navy cleared. ices.” The NavyRelief Society, the Relief Society, the application will statement sets forth, “has as its spe- be referred to the. local Navy Relief cific responsibility, the aiding in times Auxiliary or to national headquarters of need of naval personnel and their of the Navy Relief Society. Cases so VISITS TO ‘MEXICO dependents as well as the dependents referred to national headquarters will of deceased naval personnel.”Ma- be accompanied by a case report and Naval personnel desiring to rine Corps and Coast Guard personnel a statement of the emergencyrelief visit Mexico unoficially in uni- formare permitted to do so are included in NavyRelief cog- action, if any, taken by the Red Cross. without specific approval of the nizance. (b) Cases coming to the attention The NavyRelief Society, through ofNavy Relief Auxiliaries through Bureau of Naval Personnel. its auxiliarieslocated at all navy directapproach by service! men or Conflicting instructions in this yards and principalnaval stations, their families will be handled by the regard in the Bureau of Naval Personnel Manual arein the the statement says, is able to serve Navy ReliefSociety asin the past. naval personnel and their dependents Specialized services of the American process of revision. The follow- living in thevicinity. Red Cross, suchas the handling of ing identification is required for Continuing, the statement declares claims for government benefits and these unoficial visits: that the Society“will notduplicate rehabilitation mattersfor disabled (a) For short visits to border or existing agencies by a Nation-wide ex- men,are available whenneeded by towns identification cards pansion of its auxiliary organization, Navy Relief Auxiliaries. passes signed by the Command- ing Oficer are suficient. but will continue to avail itself of the (e) Cases referred to the American (b) For visits into interior of Red Cross by the Navy Relief Auxil- services of the American Red Cross, Mexico a tourist card must be through its Nation-widecoverage of iaries for fact-finding reports will be obtained from thenearest Mexi- chapters, for the necessary fact-find- referredback with the reportindi- can Consul. ing functions. cating the social, economic, and Naval p e r s o n n e 1 visiting In a letter to Chairman Davis, Ad- health conditions prevailing and set- Mexico on oficial business must miral Richardson revealed that “un- ting forth relief action, if any, taken obtain a passport and secure au- less circumstances materially change,” by the Red Cross. In these cases re- thority fromthe Bureau of the Societydoes notintend to seek lief by the Red Cross will be limited Naval Personnel in order that funds from the public prior to 1944. interimto emergency assistance diplomatic arrangements can be Admiral Richardsonsaid that until pending action by the Navy Relief So- made. that timehis organization’s fund- ciety. Casesoriginating with Na-

Page 28 . Discontinued preparation and sub- misisionof complete muster roll of crew on sailing, submittingchanges Elimination of Paper Work only since last report. Discontinuedperiodic entries in Enlisted PersonnelDivision shows continuous service certificates of en- by example how it can bedone listed personnel, except on discharge. Decentralized authority toeffect im- Spurred by the Secretary of the to disbursing officer,eliminating prep- mediatebad conduct and dishonor- Navy’s campaign to eliminate all pa- aration of separate orderto disbursing abledischarges undercourt-martial per work unnecessary to the prosecu- officer.(Now in process of develop- sentence, of men serving on flrst en- tion of the war theEnlisted Personnel ment in cooperation with Bu. s. & A.) listment. Division of the Bureau of Naval Per- Developed new page1 of service rec- Delegated authority to commanding sonnel gave the project number one ord, adaptableas commanding officer’s officers of training stationsonly to dis- priority and to date hasfound 52 sepa- order to disbursing officer to open pay charge recruits as undesirable during rate eliminations,substitutions, or accounts,eliminating preparation of first four monthsof service. modificationswhich have been ef- separateorder tol disbursingofficer. Delegated authority to certain fected or are beingconsidered. The (Now in process of development in co- shore commands for authorizing pay- list is publishedbelow as a possible operation with Bu. S&AJ ment of allowances in absence of quar- suggestion for other activities which Developednew page 11 of service ters and messing facilities. may be able to effect similar reduc- record, adapted as commanding offi- Discontinued issuance of good con- tions in paper work. cer’s order ta disbursingofficer to1 duct medals for duration of war. Appropriate instructions concerning close pay accounts, eliminating prepa- Discontinued issuance of honorable the new procedures have been issued ration of separate order to disbursing discharge buttons forduration of war. by circular letter, individual letter, or officer.(Now in process of develop- Discontinued monthly and quarterly incorporated as changesin theBureau ment in cooperation with Bu. S&A.) entries in service records of enlisted of Naval Personnel Manual. Those re- Discontinued posting entries onout; personnel as to total flying time and ports required by current instructions side of enlisted men’s jacket files in number of aircraft flights made. and not modified in the list below are BuPers, covering changes in rating, Changed monthly report of divers considered necessary to the prosecu- transfers and receipton board. to quarterly. tion of the war and theproper admin- Suspended forcalendar year 1942 Abolished quarterlyreport of Pa- istration of the enlisted personnel of (Dec. 31) theannual census of en- tients at hospitals and on board hos- the Navy. listed personnel throughout the entire pital ships. Here is the report of the division’s Navy, eliminating the necessity for Suspendedissuance of permanent progress to date: this year of preparing complete lists of appointmentcertificates for chief Conducted a complete survey of the all personnel on board as of midnight, petty officers. correspondence of all sections of the Suspended congratulatory letter to enlisted personnel division for 1 week, December 31. Eliminated for the duration of the enlistedmen on retirement after 30 to determine volume of completed out- years’ service. going mail and reports. war entry of quarterly marks on service records of enlisted personnel for Discontinued monthlyreport of Analyzed 17,269 pieces of comp!eted flight orders,substituting therefor September and March mail for the week under review, com- 30 31. copy of S&A flight certificate, thus menting on mispractices found to ex- eliminatingpreparation of an addi- ist., and suggesting the development of tional report. appropriateform letters in lieu of Abolished report on detachment as original typed letters. commanding officer list of serial num- Developed numerous form letters for bers of honorable discharge blanks and answeringroutine inquiries, with buttons turned over to relief. check-off for appropriatereply. Changed quarterlyreport of Pas- Developed special snap-out page 9 sengers attached to administrative of service record for changes in rat- commandsafloat and independent ing and longevity pay periods, to serve duty ships to annual report. both for service record purposes, Bu- Changed quarterly report of distri- reau records and commanding officer’s bution of enlisted personnel by activi- order to disbursing officer, eliminating ties, Naval Districts and independent preparation of separate order to dis- shore commands, to annual report. bursing officer. (Form now in process Abolished monthlysummary of of being printed.) NavalReserves on inactive dutyin Developed separate page 9 of serv- Naval Districts. ice record fornumerous otherpur- -Fargo Watch. Abolishedweekly report of men poses for which entries are made in “And rernemher-it’s‘Aye, aye, sir,’ serving sentences of confinement at service record, to be used also as order not mu eye sir!” receiving ships and shorestations

Page 29 where general court-martial is estab- Eliminated requirement that exam- lished. inations for gunnery qualifications be Abolished despatch reports regard- conducted by a boardfrom other CHANGE OF ing stragglers and deserters, substitut- ships or aircraft squadrons,permit- COMMAND ing ordinary or air mail. ting board to be appointed by com- Discontinueddespatch reports of manding officer. Discontinuedunauthorized prac- I returned absentees less than 20 days Vice Admiral William F. Halsey, Jr., absent. tice of various commands in sending USN, who conductedcarrier opera- Discontinued duplicate cow of letters of transmittal with completed tions in the South Pacific Area last weekly report of prisoners and deten- personnelforms and reports which spring with distinguished success, has tioners from receiving ships. are self-explanatory by themselves. returned to that area to assume com- Abolished letter of transmittal sub- Dispensed with typewritten reports mand of the Naval Forces in the South mitted with report of straggler or de- of examinationfor advancement in Pacific Area, under Admiral Chester serter. rating of enlisted personnel, author- W. Nimitz, USN, Commander in Chief Discontinuedexamination of en- izing pen and ink reports in discre- of the Pacific Fleet. Vice Admiral listed men in subjects A-N, GENERAL tion of commanding oficers. Halsey is relieving Vice Admiral Rob- QUALIFICATIONS, whenexamined Discontinued requirement that re- ert L. Ghormley, USN, whose new for advancement in rating where rec- ports of examination of enlisted per- duties willbe announced at alater sonnel be prepared and forwarded to date. ord shows qualification on previous -~ examination. Bureaufor advancement inrating Discontinuedsending duplicate below petty officer first class. Vice Admiral William S. Pye, USN, pages of service record when rec- Authorized examinations for ad- who has been Commander of a Pacific 9-10 Fleet Task Force since the outbreak ommending mento Bureau for perma- vancementin rating to be oral, in- nent appointment. stead of written. of war, has been ordered to duty as. Abolished report of revocation of President of the Naval War College, Authorized reenlistmentmen dis- Newport, Rhode Island, torelieve Ad- charged under acting appointment in tppointmentasrecruit instructor miral Edward C. Kalbfus, USN (Ret.). rating held at discharge, instead in when found not qualified. of Admiral Pye will bring to the WarCol- next lower rating, avoiding necessity Abolished report on qualification of lege the latest experiences of war in of reissuing acting appointment on re- service school instructors upon com- the Pacific. enlistment. pletion of 3 months’probationary Vice Admiral Herbert F. Leary, USN, Discontinued report of records and service. until recentlyCommander of Naval accounts not received within 15 days Substituted two dischargeforms, Forces in the Southwest Pacific Area, of reporting on board. ordinary and unfavorable,for nine underGeneral Douglas MacArthur, Discontinuedreport of discrepan- forms previously in use. USA, has relieved Vice Admiral Pye as cies in clothing and effects found to Abolished numerous forms found to Commander of a Task Force of the exist on inspection of drafts reporting be obsolete. Pacific Fleet. for passage on board. Abolished report from training sta- Rear Admiral Arthur S. Carpender, tions of recruitsadvanced to petty USN, who has beensecond in Naval officer ratings. Command to Vice Admiral Leary in Discontinuedsubmission of report the Southwest Pacific Area, has been Practice Before of men available fortransfer upon promoted to the rank of Vice Admiral GovernmentDepartments completion of training at armed and has relieved Vice Admiral Leary guard schools. as Commander of the Naval Forces Except when required to do Abolished annu81 verification of in theSouthwest Pacific. so in connection with his oflcial service records at all naval activities, duties, no member of the Navy, as achange to Navy Regulations, Capt.Edward L. Cochrane, USN, the Marine Corps, or the Coast Articles 826 and 1514. Guard on active duty shall ap- formerly on duty in the Design Divi- Modified report of mentried and sion, Bureau of Ships, became Chief pear before any Federal, State, convicted by civil authorities to apply of the Bureau of Ships onNovember or municipal court, board, com- only in cases involving moral turpi- 1, relieving Rear Admiral Alexander H. mission, or department, as at- tude. VanKeuren, who assumed duty as torney or counsel in connection Abolished monthlyreport by dis- with any matter pending before Director, U. S. Naval Research trict commandants of fleet reservists Laboratory. such cart, board,commission, and retired men on inactive duty. or department without first ob- Capt. Earle W. Mills, USN, also for- taining the expresspermission Discontinued weekly report of num- merly in the Design Division, became of The Judge Advocate General ber of men available for radar train- Assistant Chief of the Bureau. He of the Navy. ingand radio technicians, andin- succeeded Rear AdmiralClaud A. structions issued to Commandants Jones, USN, who is now the Assistant [SI FRANKKNOX. concerned to submitsemimonthly to the Chief of the Office of Procure- report instead. ment and Material.

Page 30 well know, they made all the photo- graphsthat were madethroughout the two weeks of travel-all the photo- War Bond Sale Success graphs used by the newspapers, news- reels, and publications yet to appear Navy Department’s bond campaign in print were produced by them. yields sale total 54% above its goal I know that the President is well Navypersonnel-civilians, officers, Three other activities, the Charles- pleased with their work and is grate- and enlisted men-invested a total of ton and PhiladelphiaNavy Yards and ful to these men for the work they $61,679,544.35 in WarSavings bonds the Naval Air Station, Quonset Point, havedone. It was an excellent per- during the first year of the Navy De- R. I., won the first ‘‘leg’’ of the compe- formance. partment’s bond campaign,which tition in September by reaching the Very sincerely yours, STEPHENEARLY, endedSeptember 30. Thetotal was “90-10”goal for that month.They /s/ 54 percent above the $40,000,000 goal also will be eligible for the flags and Secretary to thePresident. set for the 12-month period. certificates if thetabulations show CAPTAINLELAND P. LOVETTE, September bond sales at naval shore they maintained the standard forOc- Director of Public Relations, establishments totaled $10,506,735.75, tober. Navy Department. which, with naval allotments of $579,- On the basis of an efficiency index 245, made the total Navy bond sales determined by percentages of pay roll for the month $11,085,780.75. and employee participation, Charles- Soft Collars The sales at shoreestablishments ton in September was first among the Must be Starched increased 5.74 percent overAugust, navy yards, with Philadelphia a close Many complaints havebeen received andthe percentage of civilian per- second. The Eleventh was first about the appearance of officers who sonnel enrolled under the Navy pay- among the navaldistricts, followed are wearing soft collars. The Uni- roll savings plan of bond purchases closely by the First, and San Diego form Regulations prescribe that shirts climbed from 69.69 to 77.69. The per- was first among the airstations, with with collar attachedare permitted centage of payroll being invested in QuonsetPoint second. with Service Dress, Blue, A, E, and C. bonds also climbed from 8.72 in Au- The Navy DepartmentPermanent gust to 9.16 in September. UniformBoard has recommended a Three activities won the coveted Navy Photographers Change in Article 2-101 (a), Uniform Secretary of the Navy’s honor flag and Please President Regulations, 1941, requiring that if certificate, on the basis of September collar attachedshirts are worn, the returns. The First and Ninth Naval THE WHITE HOUSE collars shall be starched. districts and the Torpedo Station at Pending promulgation of this rec- Alexandria, Va., qualified for the Washington, October 2, 1942. ommended change the service should awards by maintaining, for two suc- DEAR CAPTAIN LOVETTE:This is the be guided accordingly. cessive months, the “90-10” standard first letter I have had an opportunity of excellence set by the Secretary of to write since the President returned the Navy. This standard requires at to the White House yesterday, com- NAME CHANGES least 90 per cent of all civilian em- pleting an unprecedentedinspection Effective October 5, 1942, the name ployeesenrolled under the payroll tour of the country, and traveling of the United States Naval Training savings plan, with at least 10 per cent coast-to-coast and border-to-border School (V-7 Indoctrination), Notre of the activity’s total payroll being some 8,700 miles. Dame University, was changed to the invested in War bonds. As you know, the President was ac- United States Naval Reserve Midship- companied on this trip by four pho- men’sSchool, University of Notre tographers assigned tohim by the Dame, Notre Dame, Ind. Navy Department, tomake a record of It is requested that all subsequent He Only Knew his trip from start to finish in motion correspondence to the above activity How to Fight pictures and in stills. be addressed in accordance with the The photographers were: revised designation. A fine looking man walked into a Arthur C. Black,Chief Photogra- Navy recruiting station and said he pher’s Mate. wanted to enlist. A Recruiter began AlfredFox, Photographer’sMate “Hey you there,” yelled a Passing interviewing him, asking, “What are 2nd Class. Coast GuardPatrol. “Knowwhere your qualifications?” “What do you John William EErickson, Photograph- you’re going?” mean?” asked the would-be sailor. er’s Mate 1st Class. “Why, yes,” replied the confident “Are you a machinist, plumber, ra- WilliamBelknap, Jr.,Photogra- skipper. “We’re headed for shore.” dio operator, or what?” pher’s Mate 2nd Class. “Okay,buddy,” called back the “Well,” parried the applicant, “don’t Their mission was most important Coast Guard.“But givemy regards you haveany vacancies forfighting to the success of the President’s tour to the AEF.You’re headed straight men?” and the responsibility of this assign- for England.” HE WAS ACCEPTED. ment was no less important. As you -Sand Point Static.

Page 31 “Ofice of Naval Records and Library. The scrap which the U. S. S. OREGON will pro- line.The painting, reproduced above, is theBattle duce will go toward making .new and better ships, but of Santiago, 1898. Thebattleship in the right fore- she once served her country gloriously on the. battle ground is theU. S. S. OREGON. Oregon’ to Swell Scrap Pile But U. S. S. Olympia will be saved as permanent relic of the period

The Navy Department has regret- in 1938 and was at the U. S. Navy TheU. S. S. Olympia has bcen at the fully decided toscrap the famous Yard, Cavite, P. I., when that station U. S. Navy Yard,Philadelphia, Pa., Naval historical relic, the U. S. S. was captured by the Japanese in De- since 1922, and minorrepairs have Oregon, in connection with the pres- cember 1941. The Rqchester was the been made on the vessel from time ent Nation-wide driveto collect metal former armored cruiser U. S. S. New totime since that date. In accord- urgently needed forthe war program. York and was Rear Admiral William ance with the President’s directive, This project was suggestedinitially T. Sampson’s flagship at the Battleof preliminary steps already have been by the SpecialProjects Section of Santiago, Cuba, on July3, 1898,when taken to insure her maintenance in the Conservation Division, War Pro- the Spanish fleet was destroyed. an adequate stateof permanent Pres- duction Board, and the ultimate de- The U. S. S. Oregon wascommis- ervation. cision was approved by the President sioned in 1896 and participated in the The U. S. S. Oregon, originally clas- of the United States. blockade and ultimate destruction of sified as “Coast BattleshipNo. 3,” was The President agreed to the neces- the Spanish Fleet in this same battle. constructed at the Union Iron Works, sityfor scrapping the Oregon with The vesselwas loaned to the State San Francisco, Calif., and was com- the stipulation thatthe U. S.S. of Oregon in 1925 and since that missioned July 15, 1896. Her dis- Olympia, Admiral Dewey’s flagship at time has been preserved as a Naval placement was 10,288 tons, andher theBattle of Manila, be preserved relic at Portland, Oreg. main armament consisted of four 13- permanentlyas this Nation’s naval The 10,288-ton Oregon, it is esti- inch and eight 8-inch guns. relic of the Spanish-AmericanWar. mated, willyield about 70 percent Afterajourney from the West The Olympia will be the Navy’s iron and steel and thebalance in cop- Coast during which this ship survived only remaining vessel of that period. per, brass, lead, and zinc, all ex- a violent gale in the Straits of Magel- The U. S. S. Rochester, the only other tremely vital materials for the suc- lan, the Oregon joined the North At- existing vessel of the Spahish-Amer- cessful prosecution of the present lantic Squadron under the command ican War, hadbeen reduced to a hulk war. of Admiral Sampson and participated

Page 32 in the blockade of the Spanish Fleet signal for all the other ships to join Government of the ex-Austrian bat- at Santiago, Cuba, which action cul- in the action.” tleship Radetzsky and ex-Austrian minated in the destruction of Admiral The action lasted from 5:41 a. m., battleship Zrinyi. Thesetwo vessels, Cervera’s fleet on July 3, 1898. with an interruption of 3 hours, until held in trust by the United States af- After refitting, the Oregon returned 12:30 p. m., and the Battle of Manila ter the Armistice, were towed out to to the Pacific and was ordered to the ended :with the destruction of the sea and delivered to the Italian au- Asiatic Station, where she cooperated enemy squadron. thorities according to agreement. with United States Army forces dur- When the United States entered the At Ragusa, Dalmatia, the Olympia ing the Philippine Insurrection. first World War, the Olympia was en assisted incaring for refugees who She was placed in full commission route from St. Thomas, V. I., to the had landed there and were in desper- Norfolk Nhvy Yard. A week later ate circumstances due to hunger, lack April 7, 1917, as Flagship of the Pa- of shelter, and the outbreak of typhus ciflc Fleet and wasused during the she wasdesignated flagship of the first World War for trainingpurposes. U. S. Patrol Force (Commander of the and smallpox. Theship distributed Later she served as one of the escorts Patrol Force, Rear Admiral Henry B. fuel, soap, clothing, and food and the USN, medical officer cared for the sick. of the Siberian Expedition under Gen. Wilson, Capt. Waldo Evans, VSN, in command of the In September 1921 she was assigned WilliamSidney Graves. After the Olympia). the duty of bringing home, for buriaI Armistice she was placed out of com- She wasemployed inpatrol duty mission, but was commissioned tem- off the coast of Nova Scotia andocean in Arlington Cemetery, the Unknown escortfor British merchantmen en Soldier, representative of the heroes porarily in August 1919, and her last of the American Forces of the first duty was as reviewing ship for Presi- route to and from New York and the dent Woodrow Wilson during the ar- war zone. On April 28,1918, she World War.She left the Philadel- rival of the Pacific Fleet at Seattle sailedfrom Charleston for Europe, phia Navy Yard on this mission on arrivingon May 20 at Scapa Flow, October 3, 1921, reachingPlymouth, under Admiral Hugh Rodman,USN. Scotland, and at Murmansk, Russia, October 16. She arrived at the The U. S. S. Olympia, like the Ore- on May 24. She transported Lieuten- Washington Navy Yard on November gon, as built atthe Union Iron ant General Poole, of theBritish 9,1921, with the body of the Unknown Works, San Francisco, Calif. The Army, and a smalldetachment of Soldier and wasmet by representa- Olympia, a protectedcruiser, was troops whodrove off anattack at tives of the Army,Navy, andother placed in commission on February 5, Pechenga. services. 1895. On November 7, 1920, the Olympia In 1922, the Olympia was placed out The U. S. S. Olympia had a normal assisted in the delivery to the Italian of commission. displacement of 5,865 tons, an over- all length of344 feet, 1 inch, and a complement, of 34 officers and 346 men.Her mainarmament was ten 5-inch and two 3-inch guns. After service as theflagship of Rear Admiral F. V. McNair, USN, from 1895 to 1898, cruising in waters of Japan, China, and the Sandwich Islands, the Olympia became the flagship of Ad- miral (then Commodore)George Dewey, commanding t h e Asiatic Squadron, on January 3, 1898. Capt. G. V. Gridley, USN, command-d the Olgmpia. OnMay 1,1898, at the Battle of Manila Bay, the Olympia led the attackon the ships of theSpanish Squadron.Admiral Dewey describes the scene ir, his autobiography: “At 5:40 when we were within a dis- tance of 5,000 yards, I turned to Cap- tain Gridley and said, ‘You may fire whenyou are ready, Gridley.’ While I remained on the bridge with Lam- berton, Brumby, and Stickney, Grid- ley took his stationin the conning -0Ilivial U. 8. Xa~yl’lrotogmph. tower and gave the order to the bat- Admiral Dewey‘s flagship, the U. S. S. OLYMPIA, will be preserved as tery.The very first gun to speak a permanent relic of the Spamish-Americam War period. It was on this was an 8-inch from the forward tur- ship that Admiral Dewey gave his farnoas order, “You may fire when you ret of the Olympia, and this was the are ready, Gridley,” that opened the Battle of Manila Bay in 1898.

Page 33 An exact duplicate of this gun from the same British ship, but having a dent in the muzzle inflicted by one of Annapolis ,Gives Its Relics CommodoreMacDonough’s ships, is to be preserved. Urgent need for materials of war The commemorativepieces to be sacrifices historic piecesto furnace contributed to the salvage drive include British,Confederate, Mexican, Naval relics andtrophies of five estimated 300 tons of assorted metal Spanish and German naval ordnance wars fought by the United States will scrap. and fittings, as well as“relics from be melteddown to provideweapons In deciding which relics should be United States naval vessels. with which to win the presentwar, scrapped and whichshould be re- Other relics to be scrapped include as the result of a scrap salvage cam- tained, the board carefully weighed 242 brass engraved destroyername- paignbeing conducted at the U. s. the following two considerations: the plates, a searchlight taken from the Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md. urgent need for scrap metal for the Spanish Cruiser Maria Teresa in the The Navy Department has author- war effort, and the historic value of Spanish American War, a5.5-inch gun ized sale of commemorativepieces the trophies in instilling in the mid- capturedfrom the Spanish Cruiser Vixcaya at the Battle of Santiago in from the grounds and buildings of the shipmen an understanding of the his- 1898, theforetop of theBattleship Academywhich willyield an esti- toryand traditions of the United Maine, a German U-boat periscope of mated 462,000 pounds of iron and States Navy. For instance, one of the World War vintage, two 18-inch U. S. steel and 41,000 pounds of brass and pieces to be contributed is a British Navy armor piercing shells-largest of bronze. In addition, miscellaneous 24-pounder gun from a ship captured that type evermade-and a variety equipment, formerlyused at theAcad- by Commodore Thomas MacDonough, of guns, mines, bells, paravanes, pro- emy fortraining, willyield an USN, at theBattle of Lake Champlain. pellers, etc.

The first two of six new tank lighters launched recently are of the class known as LST’s, built to carry United at the Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co.3 States tanks and trucks to the battle areas, under their James River plant are shown as they floated out into the own power. Each is a complete ship in itself, with quar- stream from the shipway in which they were built. They ters for crews and troops to man the land vehicles.

Page 34 Reserve Pin Institute Opens 0 n 1y inactive Researchcenter members get it iscommissioned A spread eagle standing on an an- With a minimum of 'ceremony, the chor,surmounted by theletters U. S. Naval Medical Research Insti- USNR, forms the design of a new, tute, at Bethesda, Md., was placed in gold plated, lapel pin authorized by commission October 27. Rear Ad- the Navy Department to denote mem- This new lapel pin is authorixed by miral Ross T. McIntire, Surgeon Gen- bers of the United States Naval Re- the Navy Department to denote mem- eral of the Navy, and Rear Admiral serve noton active duty.The pins bers of the United States Naval Re- Harold W. Smith, Chief of the Mvi- areto beworn on civilian clothing serve not on active duty. It is to be sion of Research, Bureau of Medicine only. worn on civilian clothing only. and Surgery, witnessed the commis- A number of emblems sufficient for sioning. all members of the Reserve who are notpresently onactive duty and Grosse Ile Housing The Institute will be a component who are eligible to wear the pin have command of the National Naval Med- been forwarded to the commandants There is an acute housing shortage ical Center, under Rear AdmiralC. W. of the naval districts for distribution. at the United States Naval Reserve 0. Bunker, at Bethesda, Md. Housed Naval Reserve personnel acceptedfor AviationBase, Detroit (Grosse ne), in a separate building on the Center United StatesMaritime Service Mich., and suitable quarters for per- reservation, it has been equipped with training are to receive the pin from sons with dependents are practically Pressure chambers in which all types impossible to obtain. The peculiar the Commandant of the Maritime of atmospheric conditions can be sim- Service TrainingStation to which location of this base, situated as it is, quite removed from urban areas, and ulated; rooms wherepsychometric theyare attached. The NavyDe- studies will be made to determinehow partment does not anticipatereorder- the fact that very few renting units are available creates a serious situa- heat, cold, humidity and exertion con- ing the pins when the present supply tribute to fatigue;and numerous has been distributed. tionin housing. Its unquestionable expansion will bring more officers and other compartments for fundamental Members of the Naval Reserve who enlisted men to duty here and a pos- research. already possess a pin or button-such sible transition to officer students will Physical and mental conditions of as theAviation Cadet pin,or theMed- further complicate the already acute the aviator, of submarinepersonnel, icalStudent Probationary Officer's shortage. button-will not receive the new Re- and of the expeditionary Marine, as In ordernot to Place individuals well as those who fight on the surface serve emblem, nor will it be given to in a difficult situation upon reporting, undergraduatestudents enrolled in of the sea, will be the concern of the It is recommended that these facts be Naval Medical Research Institute. An the Naval Reserve, nor to those re- promulgated to officers and men or- epidemiology department hasbeen es- cently appointed Reservists who are dered to this base with a further rec- currentlyawaiting orders. The pin ommendation that anyone so ordered tablished to work in the field of pre- has not been authorized to be worn reportwithout dependents. Accom- ventive medicine. by persons otherthan members of modationsfor dependents might be Scientific director of the Institute the Naval Reserve. located later after the initial report- is Dr. A. C. Ivy, who is on leave from The new Naval Reserve (inactive) ing. Northwestern University, where he is identification cards are similar to the professor of physiology and pharma- regular active identiflcation cards ex- cology. cept that they do not carry the pic- Club Facilities Available - ture of the individual. Cards will be The University Club of Los An- furnishedthe Commandants of the geles has informed the Bureau of Schools Give Concessions naval districts as requested, and in- Naval Personnel that thefacilities of TheBureau of Naval Personnel dividuals will receive them upon ap- the club are available to officers of maintains a listof all schools and col- plication to theCommandants. the armed forces forthe duration leges which grant concessions and re- Regulations concerning the regular without the necessity of a card of in- ductions in tuition to childrenof naval troduction for any lengthof time they cards will pertain to thenew cards in- may be in that vicinity. personnel. sofar as applicable. The cards must Any officer may sign a special reg- This information is available to all be surrendered in caseof discharge or ister for room with bath, and other personnel upon application tothe when the individual goes into active facilities of the club, at a special rate Commanding Officer. service, in the latter instance at the of $2.00 per night and an equivalent Copies of this pamphlet willbe time he receives his active duty iden- favorable rate if he wishes to stay a furnished vessels forreference and tiflcation card. month or longer. file by this Bureau.

Page 35 Personal Cable Overseas FIXED-TEXT MESSAGES AT LOW COST ARRANGED AND AVAILABLE

Arrangements have been made by No. 73-Are you all right? Worried the Navy Department for the han- about you. dling of fixed-text personal cable or No.93-Delighted tohear about radio messages toand from naval your promotion. personnel stationed at 23 shore estab- No. 101-Have sent you ______dol- lishmentsoutside the continental lars. United States. Because of the wartimedemands Known as ExpeditionaryForce of official communications,private Messages, or EFM, the communica- dispatches(telegrams) addressed to tionmay consist of not more than personnel aboard naval vessels will be three numbered texts selected from a forwardedto ships at sea byNavy list 136of fixed-texts. Costing in radio only in rare cases-such as a mostcases 60 cents, exclusive of message of death in the immediate Federaltax, hrpeditionary Force family. Private messages which are “Huebner in the Hoist. Messages may be sent from the addressed to an individual with the “Don’t walk so fast-they may be United States on special forms from name of theship on which he is tired from drilling allday.” any commercialtelegraph, cable, or stationed,care of the continental radio office.’ commandant of thenaval district Outgoing messages fromthe United nearest the destination of the mes- Acknowledgements Out States, addressed c/o U. S. Navy, or sage, willbe delivered as rapidly as Somemonths ago the Bureau of USNAV (approved abbreviation), will possible, usingmail orsuch cow- Naval Personneldiscontinued the be delivered at any of the following munication facilities other thanNavy acknowledgment of individual re- shore stations: radio as are available and appropri- quests for change of duty, in theintor- Argentia, Newfoundland. ate. ests of reducing paper work. Auckland, New Zealand. In accordance with. this policy, no Balboa, C. Z. acknowledgment is being made of in- Barbers Point, T. H. AN UP-AND-COMING dividual requests for flight training. Bermuda. NAVY Anofficer who has made such a re- Brisbane, Australia. I quest is advised that lack of acknowl- Canton Island, T. H. edgment should not be construed as Mixed signals somewhere inthe Coco Solo, Uphain, C. Z. meaning that no action is being taken Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. Japanesepropaganda organizations on his request. Jamaica, B. W. I. have resulted in a remarkable series In cases where favorable action is Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, T. H. of promotions forour Fleet in its taken, orders to flight classes are is- Kodiak, Alaska. standing among the world’sNavies. sued well in advance of the convening Londonderry, North Ireland. After the battle of the Coral Sea, date of those classes. Circumstances, Noumea, New Caledonia. theJapanese short-waveradio an- however, render it probable that sev- Pearl Harbor, T. H. nounced: “The Pacific Fleetis an- eral months may elapse between the Port-of-Spain, Trinidad. nihilated. America is reduced toa date of receipt of the request and the Reykjavik, Iceland. fourth-ratenaval power.” Three issuance of orders to aflight class. San Juan, Fuerto Rico. monthslater, after the first major Officers who have not yet received Sitka, Alaska. actionin the Solomons, the Tokyo such orders may consider that they St. Thomas, Virgin Islands. radio reported “wholesale destruction areunder considerationfor assign- Tutuila,Samoa. of the American Fleet,” and observed ment to a flight class well into the Unalaska, Alaska. that ournaval force wasnow “re- future, or that,through failure to Vieques, Puerto Rico. duced to that of a third-rate naval meet the requirements,they have power.” This week the official Jap- been rejected. The 136 numbered, fixed-texts are anese news agency, Domei, comment- related to correspondence, greetings, ingon the latest operations in the At morning colors, the real seagoing health, promotion, money, and con- Solomons, said thatthe Japanese man drops his hand smartly on the gratulations.Examples follow: Navy “has again proved its great su- last note of the national anthem, re- No.7.--Letter and telegram re- periority over the American Navy, laxes and says, “Good morning, Uncle ceived, many thanks. which must now be considered a sec- Sam.” At evening colors,it’s “Good No. 40-Fondest greetings from all ond-rate power.” night, UncleSam.”-Your Navy, by of us. -0. N. I. Weekly. Capt. C. B. Mayo, USN (Ret).

Page 36 Three New Boot Camps LONG MAY THEY WAVE SEVEN TRAINING STATIONS Here’sthe to guyArst who has a NOW RECEIVINGRECRUITS chanceto holler “rig in Irishthat Pennant” at the first WAVE whose Thefirst groups of recruitshave “boot” training period at Sampson, slip is showing! -U. S. NavyKeel. started “boot camp” at newNaval which will accommodate 30,000 men, Training Schools in Bainbridge, Md., is 8 weeks. Each week will see an in- Wife“‘Whydon’t you want me to and Sampson, N. Y. creasingnumber of recruitsenter join the Waves?” Bainbridge and Sampson are two Sampson,which is named afterRear Hubb~”‘you be happy, of the Navy’s three new trainingsta- AdmiralWilliam T. Sampson, USN, Dear* noncombatant duty!” tions. Thethird station is Farragut, who commanded theAtlantic Squad- “Sub ChaserGazette. locatedon Lake Fend Oreille, Idaho.ron that destroyed theSpanish fleet Oh, praise Samson,s muscles, President Roosevelt visited this naval at the Battle of Santiago in 1898. And pass the ammunition,(1600 lb.) training station on his recent nation- Oh, praise Goliath’s muscles, wide tour. Farragut is already under Foster Songs Available And pass the ammunition, (1000Ib.) way, with Capt. I. C. Sowell, USN, as commanding officer. Admiral David A new edition of the University of Oh,praise Hercules’muscles, And pass the ammunition, (650 Ib.) Farragut, usN, whose famous civil Pittsburghpublication “Songs of the WAVES may haveto waive war order, “Damn the torpedoes, full Stephen Foster,” edited especially for speed ahead!” is still the watchword the Use Of the Armed Forces, Will be This Ordnance Division* of the Navy, is thehero in whose available for free distributionto naval -The Stabilizer. honor the new station is named. personnel after October 25, 1942,the The three new training stations are Bureau of Naval Personnel is advised. Throwing Hats Overboard in addition to the four training sta- Requests for sets Of “Songs Of tions the Navy had before the war Stephen Foster’’ should be directed by Causes supply Problem started. The original four are the commanding officers or otherauthor- The Bureau of Supplies and Ac- Naval Training Stations at Great ized personnel to the Curator, Foster counts has called attention to the fol- Hall Collection, University of Pitts- ‘owing excerpt from a recentinspec- Lakes, Ill., Newport, R. I., Norfolk, tion report : Va., andSan Diego, Calif. burgh,Pittsburgh, Pa. ‘‘Some difficultyis being experienced The Training atTarheel,” “The aboardthe U. S. S. in keeping certainitems of clothing Bainbridge* Md*9is under the North Carolina says: ‘‘Supreme Strat- in stock, particularly white hats and mand Of F. RussellyusN9 egy in a naval battle is not letting the socks, because of the habit of enlisted has been in Bainbridge for Several enemy know YOU areout of ammuni-personnel of throwingthem Over the weeks with his staff of instructors to tion by keeping right on firing.y7 side, ratherthan washingthem. prepare thestation for re- Similar reports have been recruits.The Bainbridge Naval ceived’from other sources, and Training Station was commis- CUM GRANO SALIS if continued, will tend to make sioned on October 1 by Capt. more difficult the already seri- A. M. Bledsoe, USN, Director ous task of supplying clothing of EnlistedPersonnel. It is ’; ’; tothe Navy.” near Port Deposit. Issuing officersshould not Built to accommodate 20,000 ! permitclothing and small- recruits, Bainbridge is named s stores purchases to be made in a f t e r Commodore William excess of normal requirements. Bainbridge, USN, formercap- Conservation of all types of tain of the historic frigate ConStitution, known popularly I textiles is essential tothe as “OldCommo- Ironsides.” furtherance of the war effort. dore Bainbridge wentto sea as Wastage of naval material not boy of a boy 15 years and by the places only an unnecessary time he was 22 had become the manufacturing- the onburden master of a vessel.he Later 9\d -CC butindustry, also overloads entered the Navyhad and a -ZATCrlLE)/ transportation facilities, both distinguished career. commercial and naval. “Atchley in the “Kaneohe Klipper.” Appropriate disciplinary ac- The Training “TWOlight cruisers-looklike twin-sister ships of at Sampson, N. Y., is located the ‘Grable’ class, launchedabout 1924, over-all is suggested for the drone inthe heart of the Finger lengthabout feet inches, power-driven by who heaves serviceable ma- Lake region on Lak’e Seneca. lined metrichs, speed about 1% knots, coming terial overboard becausehe is CaPt. H. A. Badt, USN, is the east, on the alert for a convol/--full” sveed ahead, too lazy to wash his Pe~SOnd commanding officer. The mate!” effects. PRECEDENCE OFRATINGS OF PETTY OFFICERS The precedence of ratings of petty Quartermaster, first class. Ship’s cook, first class. officers by classes has been established Signalman, first class. Baker, first class. and will appearin the coming revi- Fire controlman, first class. First musician. sion of the Bureauof Naval Personnel ARTIFICER BRANCH Buglemaster, first class. Manual as follows: Specialist, first class. Electrician’s mate, first class. CHIEF’ PETTY OFF’ICERS Radioman,first class. PETTY OFF’ICERS, SECQND CLASS SEAMANBRANCH Carpenter’s mate, first class. SEAMANBRANCH Shipfitter, first class. Boatswain’s mate, second class. Chief boatswain’s mate. Patternmaker, first class. Chief turret captain. Gunner’s mate, second class. Radio technician, first class. Torpedoman’s mate, second class. Chief gunner’s mate. Printer,first class. Chief torpedoman’s mate. Quartermaster, second class. Painter, first class. Signalman, second class. Chiefquartermaster. Fire controlman, first class. Chief signalman. Fire controlman, second class. Chief fire controlman. ARTIFICERBRANCH ARTIFICER BRANCH ARTIFICERBRANCH (Engine Room Force) Electrician’s mate, second class. Chief electrician’smate. Machinist’s mate, first class. Radioman, second class. Chief radioman. Motor machinist’s mate, first class. Carpenter’s mate, second class. Chiefcarpenter’s mate. Water tender, first class. Shipfitter, second class. Chief shipfitter. Boilermaker, first class. Patternmaker, second class. Chiefradio technician. Metalsmith, first class. Radio technician, second class. Chief printer. Molder, first class. Radarman, second class. Chief telegrapher. Aviation pilot, first class. Soundman, second class. Aviation machinist’s mate, first class. Printer, second class. ARTIFICERBRANCH Aviation electrician’s mate, first class. Painter, second class. (Engine Room Force) Aviation radioman, first class. Telegrapher, second class. Aviation metalsmith, first class. Chief machinist’smate. ARTIFICER BRANCH Aviation ordnanceman, first class. Chief motor machinist’s mate. Parachute rigger, first class. (Engine Room Force) Chief water tender. Aerographer’s mate, first class. Machinist’s mate, second class. Chief boilermaker. Photographer’s mate, first class. Chief metalsmith. Motor machinist’s mate, second class. SPECIAL AND COMMISSARY BRANCH Water tender, second class. AVIATIONBRANCH Yeoman, first class. Boilermaker, second class. Chief aviation pilot. Storekeeper, first class. Metalsmith, second class. Aviation chief machinist’s mate. Pharmacist’s mate, first class. Molder, second class. Aviation chief electrician’s mate. Aviation chief radioman. Avation chief metalsmith. Aviation chief ordnanceman. Chiefparachute rigger. Chief aerographer’s mate. Chief photographer’s mate.

SPECIALAND COMMISSARYBRANCH Chief yeoman. Chief storekeeper. Chief commissary steward. Chiefpharmacist’s mate. Bandmaster. Chief buglemaster. Chief specialist. PETTY OFFICERS, FIRST CLASS SEAMANBRANCH Boatswain’s mate, first class. Turret captain, first class. Gunner’s mate, first class. “Rinaldi in “The Hoist.” Torpedoman’s mate, first class. “See, they’re getting younger every day.”

Page 38 AVIATION BRANCH Aviation pilot, second class. Aviationmachinist’s mate, second class. How to Get a Pay Check Aviation electrician’s mate, second class. DEPENDENTS SHOULD BE Aviation radioman, second class. GIVEN FOLLOWING RULES Aviation metalsmith, second class. Aviation ordnanceman, second class. Parachute rigger, second class. Dependents of hundreds of Navy 4. Checks should be cashed quickly, Aerographer’s mate, second class. men are embarrassed each month by preferablyon the daythey are re- Photographer’s mate, second class. lack of funds resulting from failureto ceived.They shouldn’t be carried receive their checks in payment Of around,and they shouldn’tbe left SPECIALAND COMMISSARYBRANCH family allotments and allowances or lying carelessly about the house. Yeoman, second class. because the checks are lost after re- 5. The payee should take every pre- Storekeeper, second class. ceipt. cautionagainst losing a check. It Pharmacist’s mate, second class. Investigation of these cases has mighttake the Government six Ship’s cook, second class. shown that many can be avoided by months or 8 year to establish that it Baker, second class. observation of the following list of wasactually lost and not stolen. Buglemaster, second class. “do’s” and “don’t’s” which has been 6. All checks should be cashed, if Specialist, second class. prepared in the hope that it will be practicable, at the sameplace each publicizedamong the hundreds of month. This will simplify identifica- PETTY OF’F’ICERS, THIRD CLASS thousands of persons receiving these tion. 7. be SEAMANBRANCH checks : Checksshould not endorsed 1. The name-of the payee should be at home. If theyare and later are Coxswain. plainly visible onthe mail box. If lost, the payee maynot be able to Gunner’s mate, third class. the payee is living with another fam- secureduplicatea check.Checks Torpedoman’s mate, third class. ily, make certain that his or her name should not be endorsed until they are Quartermaster, third class. is on the mail box, even though “in actually being presented for payment. Signalman, third class. care of John Doe” has been given as 8. The payeeshould endorse his Fire controlman,third class. part of the address. owncheck. If this is impossiblebe- cause of illness or inability to write, ARTIFICER BRANCH 2. If the payeemoves, he should write the postmaster of the city in someresponsible friendshould be it Electrician’s mate, third class. which he previously resided; or, if he chargedwith seeing to that all Radioman, third class. moves to another address in the same checks are properly endorsed. Carpenter’s mate, third class. city, he should write his present post- Shipfitter, third class. master showing, in either case, the Radio technician, third class. old and new address and requesting Radarman, third class. thatthe checkbe forwarded. The WOMAN Soundman, third class. payee should also immediately advise Printer, third class. the Bureau of Supplies and Accounts Woman isa funny critter, Fainter, third class. (Allotment Division) or the Bureau of Oft so sweet and then so bitter, Telegrapher, third claw Supplies and Accounts (Family Al- Now abeauty fromcommon lowanceDivision) of the change of litter, AVIATION BRANCH address, either on the formsprovided Or ugliest soul ’neath flowing Aviation machinist’s mate, third class. for that purpose or by letter. If the glitter. Aviation electrician’s mate, third class. payee receives bothallotment and Prone at serious times to titter, Aviation radioman, third class. family allowance, both divisions must Or to be a revolutionary knitter. Aviation metalsmith, third class. be notified. Young and old nowdance the Aviation ordnanceman, thirdclass. 3. Payees should ask their mail car- jitter, Parachute rigger, third class. riers to notify them when the checks First so sickly, then none fitter, Aerographer’s mate, third class. are delivered. The carrier cando this Posing weak,though a heavy Photographer’s mate, third class. for persons living in large apartment hitter, houses by always ringing the bell in a Sometimes so staunch, next time SPECIALAND COMMISSARY BRANCHcertain way each time he delivers the a quitter, Yeoman, third class. characteristicGovernment envelope. Now awhirlwind, then just a Storekeeper, third class. For persons living in rural areas and sitter- Pharmacist’s mate, third class. small towns, thecarrier can notify Yes; woman ais funny critter. Ship’s cook, third class. them, if possible, of the check’s ar- “Fred Miller, P~c,U. S. N. R., Baker, third class. rival by blowing hiswhistle or by in the Pelican. Specialist, third class. knocking on the door. “-Otlicial U. S. Navy I’hotogra]~lr. Twenty-seven oncers andmen of the Pacific Fleet-from medals at Pearl Harbor on September 15 for heroism and admirals to seamen-are shown hereas they received distinguished service. ‘We Will Win Only by Fighting’ Commander in Chief of Pacific Fleet speaks ofhard tasks ahead in wdr

Officers and men of the Pacific fleet: such prospects. Successful war This is not the first time we have This is the text of the address by the Commander in Chief of the Pacific against a powerful enemy cannot be assembled on this now historic deck Fleet September at the mesen- waged without losses. Nor can we ex- to render honors to brave officers and on 15 tation of awards to 27 oncersand pect to be fully trained and readybe- men who havedistinguished them- men for heroic actions in battle fore fighting. Wewill neverreach selves in the service of our country. that stage in our training where we We hope and believe it will not be the in the southeastern Solomons. Slowly will be ready to the last gaiter button. lasttime this gallant ship with her but surely we are tighteningour grip- We must fight to the best of our abil- inspiring battle record will so serve. not withoutlosses-but with losses dis- It has been the officers and men who proportionately small compared with ity with what we have when we meet have given this ship her great spirit. those of our enemy. the enemy. Time andnot state of Fromadmiral to seaman, each has Do not for one minute assume that training is the determiningfactor. sharedin her achievements which we have theJapanese on the run. Getting there “fustest with the most- have set such a high standard for the While we may not like many of their est” is still a good guide to success. rest of us. characteristics, we cannot deny that We will win this war only by fight- Much has been accomplished since they are brave, skillful, and resource- ing. All the nation’s productive out- those critical opening daysof the war, ful fighters, who frequentlyprefer put will be of no avail unless we are but much remains to be done. At this death to surrender. They are danger- willing to come to grips with the en- very moment our forces, in which all ous antagonists, but they have learned emy. Suitable targets presentthem- of the four armed services-the Navy, by now that we also are dangerous selves only rarely to our guns, bombs, Marim Corps, Coast Guardand antagonists who are willing and know and torpedoes. On those rare occa- Army-are represented, arestub- how to fight. sions our tacticsmust be such that bornly and successfully resisting the We have had losses and we must our objectives will be gunned, bombed, powerful efforts of theJapanese to expect more losses before this war is or torpedoed to destruction. This our eject us from our hard-won positions won, but we must not be dismayed by enemy will understandand respect.

Page 40 such resolution will be rewarded. None has meritedhonor more than the Navy Cross. In theBattle of Mid- Whenthings look bad for our side LieutenantCommander Jacob E. way he led hiscarrier air group remember that the prospect may be, Cooper. Off Balikpapan, Borneo, on against enemy cruisers and destroyers. and probably is, even tougher and the night of January 24, his destroyer Coolly and methodically, in the face blacker to the other fellow. delivered “a successful attackon a of heavy antiaircraft fire, without re- You officers and men, tried in bat- greatly superior”enemy force of gard forhis own safety, hedrove home tle, know the tough job we face. The a successful attack on enemy cruisers. cruisers, destroyers, transportsand I regret that time is too short to twenty-seven who areto receiv@ cargo ships. A fewweeks later,in awards today have earned them in a recountall the exploits forwhich another night action in Bandoeng diversity of tasks symbolic to the Pa- honors are beingbestowed today. It cific Fleet’s tremendous responsibili- Straits, onFebruary 19, “under heavy is also unfortunate, due to the Pres- ties. We all know that thewhole fleet gunfire from enemy cruisers and de- ingwar problems we face, that we wouldbe no less ready to rise to stroyers he vigorously attacked, scor- cannot more promptly recognize the extraordinary occasions. inggun and torpedo hits. On each heroic conduct of thousands of your The Nation’s highestaward for occasion his fine seamanship and ex- comrades, who even now are engaging valor-the Congressional Medal of cellent judgment extricated his ship the enemy. Honor-thus was won by Aviation from a situation of grave peril.” For I am mindful that all of YOU are Chief OrdnancemanJohn W. Finn. his gallantrythePresident has anxious to seeyour families and Finn’smagnificent courage, in the awardedhim the NavyCross with friends at home. Many of you have face of almost certain death, helped Gold Star. been herewithout leave as long as repel theJapanese attack on the Since the first day of the war the two years. Threemonths ago I ex- Naval Air Station at Kaneoheon Fleet has demonstrated its ability to pressed the hope that periods of rest December 7. His completedisregard functionas a formidableteam. Its and leave would be forthcoming. But for his own life, in staying with his air arm has played a brilliant part in since then the demands of offensive machinegun, although many times making this possible. Twenty-one out operations on battle-trained personnel wounded, isthe kind of American of the twenty-seven who are being have been increasingly urgent. We fighting spirit necessary to victory. honored today won their recognition must drive on. I know that no Officer This fighting spirit appears notonly in aerial combat. or man in this Fleet would want to in the heat of battle. It arises also Among these is Commander Stan- leave now whenthe moment for which to meettasks involving almost in- hope C. Ring, who has been awarded we have long prepared has arrived. superable odds far from the scene of battle. I speak of Captain Homer N. Wallin. As Fleet Salvage Officer he has earned the Distinguished ServiceMedal. AND THE SAME IS TRUE IN THE NAVY After the attack on Pearl Harbor he was “confronted with a salvage prob- Busy as he wyls with the plan- General Marshall, as his note lem of tremendous and discouraging ning of the American attack on indicates, also felt it important proportions.” This he successfully NorthAfrica, General G. C. enough to write: executed, far ahead of schedule, “with Marshall, United States Army “My Dear Rigney: I am send- unerring judgment, dogged determi- Chief of Staff, was not toobusy ing you the enclosed letter because I think youwill feel repaid nation, unflagging zeal and optimism.” to read a letter from a mother Two of flag officers have been for the timeand effort youspent our of a soldier and then dispatch honored by the President for dis- on thisboy, and, undoubtedly, tinguished service in combat. One is another letterto an obscure many others. Rear Admiral Raymond A. Spruance, lieutenant. “It is personally gratifyinig to wholed histask force againstthe Wrote the mother, theboy wias me to hear of such instances of enemy at Midway, helpingbring hard to handle and his flrst ofi- intelligent and understanding sweeping victory by “his seamanship, Cers did not helpmuch; then handling of recruits. The abil- endurance and tenacity.” the soldier was transferred and ity to make soldiers from un- The other is Rear Admiral Thomas his new lieutenant,taking the promising material is a major C. Kinkaid. Hisaggressive leader- pains, worked with the boy and characteristic of that invalxuble ship and determined action with his sethim straight. The mother military talent-leadership. task group in the Battle of the Coral thought the Chief of Staffought “Faithfully yours, Sea inflicted heavy losses on the to know that real leadership is “G. C.Marshall, enemy. an appreciated virtue. And “Chief of Staff.” Destroyer sailors havealways ranked high amongour Navy’s heroes.

Page 41 DECORATIONS and CITATIONS

Two Coral Sea Heroes greatdetermination” the attacking ber antiaircraft guns.Three “Zeros” Given Medal of Honor enemy planes inthe face of heavy attackedLieutenant Laub’s plane. enemy fighter opposition. His gunnershot down oneand the Award of Congressional Medals of As a result of his “courageous’’ at- other two broke off their attack. Just Honor to twoofficers of thenaval tacks, according to his citation, hewas before Lieutenant Laub droppedto at- service, oneposthumously, has been responsible forthe destruction of three tack the leading carrier (Kaga type) authorized by the President of the enemy aircraft. Althoughhe was a close burst from a 5-inch shell cut United States. badly wounded, he succeeded in land- out his engine and filled his cockpit The awards were made to Lt. (jg) ing his plane safety after the engage- with smoke. He switched to his other MiltonErnest Ricketts, USN, de- ment. fuel tank, worked the wobble pump, ceased, and Lt. (jg) William Edward and succeeded in starting the engine Hall, USNR, both Navy Cross Awarded again. Aftermaking a good “drop” of whom partici- with his torpedo, and noting that it pated in theCor- Midway Battle Pilot was runningtrue, Lieutenant Laub alSea battle, was attacked again by two Japanese Lt. Robert E. Laub, USN, has been May 7-8, 1942. fighters singly but they were fought awarded the Navy Cross by Secretary Lieutenant Off. Ricketts was offi- of the Navy Frank Knox “for extraor- cer in charge of dinaryheroism and courageousde- MEDAL Marine Officers HONOR the engineering votion to duty” while piloting an air- repairparty of plane in action against enemy Jap- Honored for Service the U. S. S. Yorktown in action anese forces in the Battle of Midway, Distinguished Service Medals have against the Japanese forces and was June 4, 1942. been awarded toCapt. Spencer S. cited for “extraordinary heroism and Lieutenant Laub piloted a torpedo Lewis, USN, and Maj. William W. Ben- distinguishedgallantry in the per- plane in a squadron which attacked son, USMC, the latter posthumously. formance of his duty, above and be- the Japanese fleet after it had been Captain Lewis received his decora- yond the call of duty.” located on the morning of last June 4. tion for“exceptionally meritorious In this action, the citationcon- Thissquadron pressed home its at- service” while serving as Chief of Staff tinues, an aerial bomb passed through tack in the face to the Commander of a Task Force in and exploded just beneath the com- o f devastating the Battle of Midway, June 4-6, 1942. firefrom Japa- partment in which Lieutenant Rick- Major Benson’s award was pre- nese “Zero” fight- etts’battle station was located. His ersand antiair- sented to his wife. The citation noted men all killed, wounded, or stunned; craft. Onlyfour that it was made “for especially meri- himself mortally wounded, the cita- planes of the 14 torious service in the line of his pro- tion states, “he opened thevalve on a inthe squadron fession, in a duty of great responsi- nearby fire plug, partially led out the returnedto the bility * * *.” MajorBenson was fire hose, and directed a heavy stream carrier. commanding officer, MarineDefense The squadron of water into the fire, before dropping NAVY CROSS Forces, EasternIsland, prior tothe dead beside the hose.” of which Ueu- Japanese attack on June 4, 1942. His prompt and heroic action un- tenant Laub was a member tookoff for It was due largely to MajorBen- doubtedlyprevented the fire’s rapid its attack on the Japfleet in weather son’s “tireless efforts and to his skill- progress to extremely serious propor- which providedpoor visibility, but ful and detailed preparations” that tions. was not thick enough to protect from defensive installations on the island Lieutenant Hall waspilot of a scout- enemy fighters. Thesquadron spot- functioned smoothly during and sub- ing plane in theCoral Sea action. On tedthe Japanese fleet, comprising sequent to the bombing by Japanese May 7 he attacked an enemy aircraft carriers, battleships, heavy and light carrier-based aircraft on that date. carrier by divebombing and “con- cruisers, and destroyers. Japanese The citation states that he solved tributed materially” to itsdestruction. fighters were already in the air await- many “perplexing problems confront- On May 8, as a member of the anti- ing the attack. The Japanese surface ing him in an outstanding manner.” torpedo plane patrol, Lieutenant Hall ships opened up with a heavy fire During an attack he was killed at his attacked“repeatedly with skill and from 8-inch, 5-inch, and smaller cali- battle station.

Page 42 inghim safely ashore,” his citation William Allerton Sparling, fromCox- Naval Attach: says. Lieutenant Colonel Shapley swain to BM2c. and Daniel James Wins Medal also received a letter of commenda- Tarr, from Surfmanta BM2c. tion for the hazardous rescue. During the Tulagilanding, their For “exceptionally meritoriousserv- Lieutenant Colonel Shapley, like his boatsconstituting the firstassault ice in a duty of great responsibility,” father,Capt. Lloyd S. Shapley, USN wave, theylanded embarked troops Commander Samuel B. Frankel, USN, (Ret.), attended the Naval Academy and made repeated trips “in spite of former Assistant Naval Attach6 at at Annapolis.Upon graduationhe heavy enemyfire’’ during the day and Murmansk and Archangel, has b’een was appointed a second lieutenant in the following two days to land equip- decorated with the Distinguished the Marine Corps in June 1927. ment and supplies. Service M e d a 1 While at Annapolis he was star by the Secretary quarterback on the football squad, also of the Navy. inthe tradition of hisfather, who Chaplain Honored Commander played two years on the Naval Acad- Frankel served in emy team. From 1927 to 1929 he was Lt. (jg) Aloysius Herman Schmitt, the Russian post an outstanding quarterback and right Chaplain Corps, USN, who was killed from November halfback on the Marine Corps eleven in the Japanese attackon Pearl Har- 1941 toSeptem- at Quantico. Va. bor on December 7, 1941, has been ber 1942. “Un- awarded the Navy and Marine Corps der adverse con- Medal Posthumously. ditions,” C o m- Congressman-Marine ChaplainSchmitt was aboard the manderFrankel U. S. S. Oklahoma during the attack dlisplayed “ex- Cited in South Pacific and when that vessel capsized he was entrappedin a compartment where traordinaryini- ColonelMelvin J. Maas, uSMCR, DISTINGUISHED tiativeand tire- has been awarded the Silver Star by only a small portho1e.provided outlet SERVICEMEDAL less energy’’ in General Douglas MacArthur,United for escape. the direction ,of NationsComander in Chief inthe “With unselfish disregardfor his repairsto damaged United States Southwest Pacific Area, for gallantry own plight,’’ ChaplainSchmitt as- vessels, in the salvaging of stranded in actionon September 3, at Milne sisted his shipmates through the port- andabandoned vessels, andin the Bay, New Guinea. Colonel Maas, hole. While his shipmates were in the supervision, rescue, hospifalization Representative of the Fourth Minne- process of rescuing him his body be- andrepatriation of survivors of sota Congressional District, returned came wedged in the narrow opening. sunken ships. to inactive status on October 17. Realizing that other men had come AS a result of his courage and re- into the compartment looking for a sourcefulness, his citation states, cer- For “fearlessness and gallantry” in way out,Chaplain Schmitt insisted tain vessels which would otherwise actionduring theattack on the that he be pushed back into the ship have been lost have been saved for U. S. S. Pecos by enemy Japanese air so that they might leave. future service in thewar effort. forces inthe vicinity of Christmas Calmly urgingthem on with a pronouncement of his blessing, he re- Island,March 1, ’ 1942, Ralph E. mained behind while they crawled out Schuler, Flc, USN, who is listed as Ex-Gridder First missing, was awarded the Silver Star to safety. Marine to Get Star Medal. Schulervolunteered toman the cargopumps and continued to Lt. Col. Alan Shapley, USMC, former Rescuer Given Award Naval Academy football star, has man them throughout the action “in be- spite of the necessity of exposing him- Lt. (jg) Robert W. Rynd, USN, has come the first Marine to win the Navy’s self toadditional danger above his been awarded the Navy and Marine newly authorized Silver Star Medal, assigned duties.” Corps Medal for “extraordinary hero- awarded for gallantry inaction. ism and meritorious conduct” in res- Withmachine gun bullets ripping cuing the pilot of a plane which had the water and bombsexploding Four Coast Guardsmen crashed and was burning. aroundhim as he swam at Pearl Cited for Solomons Fight Lieutenant Rynd proceeded to the Harbor after the bombing and firing sceneover a roughroad almost of his ship on December 7 last, Lieu- Four enlisted CoastGuardsmen blocked by fallentimber and found have been awarded the Silver Star tenant Colonel Shapleywent to the the plane in flameswith the pilot Medal by Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, trapped in the cockpit in a stunned rescue of Corp. EarlNightingale, Commander in Chief of the Pacific condition. USMC, whom he saw struggling feebly Fleet,for gallantry in the Solomon After repeatedly bravingthe flames, in the water. Islands. Also advanced in rating, the and suffering severe burns from the “A 1t h o u g h Lieutenant Colonel men are: intense heat, hefinally succeeded with Shapley’s own strength almost gave GlenLivingston Harris, advanced his bare hands in tearing an opening out, he refused to abandon Corporal fromSurfman to MM2c; Harold in the cockpit enclosure and removing Nightingale and succeeded in bring- Christian Miller, from BM2c to BMlc; the pilot.

Page 43 to the defense of our forces and was in keeping with the highest tradi- 21 -Get Purple Heart tions of the Naval Service.” LieutenantSteffenhagen, Ensign Army awards medals to Naval heroes Hamilton, AviationChief Radioman in Philippine service;first honored Mattis and Aviation Chief Ordnance- man Talkingtonwere cited identically, The United States Army has been awarded the Navy Cross or the as follows: awarded the Purple Heart to3 officers Gold Star for heroicactions in the “For extraordinary heroism aspilot and 18 enlisted men of the Navy for Battle of the Coral Sea. Lt. (jg.) of a torpedo plane in action May 7, service with the United States forces Harold R. Mazza, USNR, received the 1942, againstthe enemy Japanese inthe Philippines. These arethe Gold Star in lieu of a secondNavy forces in the Coral Sea. In spite of first Navy men so honored in this war, Cross. Awarded the Navy Cross were: heavy antiaircraftfire and strong fighter opposition, he pressed home although a number of Marine Corps Lt. (jg.) Tom B. Bash, USNR; Lt. men previously had received this (jg.) Norman A. Sterrie, USNR; Bruce an attack against an enemy aircraft award. C. Shearon, AviationChief Machinist s carrier to within the dangerously short range of a few hundred yards of ThePurple Heart, originatedin Mate, USN; Lt. (jg) Robert J. Morgan, the target. He was able to score a hit 1782 by Gen. George Washington, is UsN; Lt. (jg.) Willard E. Eder, USNR; on the enemyship by utter disre- awarded to persons who perform any Ens. John B. Bain, USNR; Ens. William gardfor ,his own safetyand deter- singularly meritorious act of extraor- W. Wileman, USNR; Lt. Lawrence F. mination in carrying out his mission. dinary fidelity or essential service. A Steffenhagen, USNR; Ens. Curtis Ham- Contributing to thedestruction of wound, necessitating medical treat- ilton, USN; Johnnie E. Mattis, Avia- the enemy carrier and to the success ment and received in action with the tion Chief Radioman, USN; Harley E. enemy, may be construed as resulting Talkington, AviationChief Ordnance- of our forces in the Coral Sea Battle, from a singularly meritorious act of man. he conducted himself on this occasion in keeping with the finest traditions essential service. Thus,most awards Lieutenants (jg.) Mazza, Bash, and of the Naval Service.” of the Purple Heart are made to men Sterrie, and AviationChief Machin- wounded in action. ist’s Mate Shearon received identical Lt. Gen. Jonathan Wainwright or- citations, as follows: dered the awards in these words: “The “For courageous devotion to duty Eastern Island Airfield following named officers and enlisted and extraordinary heroism on May,8, Named for Henderson men of the UnitedStates Navy,de- 1942, as pilot of a torpedoplane in tachedfor service with the United action against enemy Japanese forces The aviation field on Eastern Island, States forces in the Philippines, are inthe Battle of the Coral Sea. In Midway, has been named after Maj. hereby awarded the Purple Heart for spite of heavy antiaircraftfire and Lofton R. Henderson,Marine pilot- wounds received in action in Bataan concerted enemy fighteropposition, he hero whodrove his fiamingplane Province, P. I.:” closed. to within a few hundred yards into a Jap carrier during the battle of Lt. Comdr. H. W. Goodall, USN; of the target to execute a fearless and Midway. Lt. (jg) G. T. Trudell; Gunner C. A. determined attack. Scoring a hit on Brig. Gen. Ralph Mitchell, Director Carlson, USN; Bayard PowersAmes, an enemy aircraft carrier, he thereby of the Division of Aviation, announced EM3c, USN; JosephValton Calkins, contributed to the severe damage and that the Secretary of the Navy had S~C,USN; Floyd Ottis Conn, BM2c, probable destruction of the vessel and approved the name“Henderson Field’ USN; Charles Frank Craig, Cox, USN; aided materially in the success of the for the air station at Eastern Island. Melvin Everett Felton, Slc, USN; Bert operation.” Major Henderson was commanding Carl Fuller, CRM, USN; Walter Lloyd Thecitations accompanying the officer of a divebomber squadron Harris, Slc, USN; George Rice Hower- awardsto Lieutenants (jg) Morgan based on Midway. ton, Jr., Slc,USN; Edwin Henry Jahn, and Eder, and to Eaigns Bain and Major Henderson direct e d his S~C,USN; RobertMarechal, BMlc, Wileman were identical, stating: squadronin anattack against two USN; Edward Archie McIntosh, “For utter disregard of hisper- aircraftcarriers of the invasion- AMM3c, USN; TedParker, Jr. SIC, sonal safety and extraordinary hero- boundJapanese fleet. TheMarine USN; James Lyle Peterson, Y2c USN; ism as pilot of a fighter plane on May planes were greatly outnumbered by FrederickScott Ravin, TMlc, USN; 7 and May 8 in action against enemy John WilliamReimer, Jr., ACRM, the enemyZero fighters. They flew Japanese forces in the Battle of the into a barrage of antiaircraft fire as USN; VincenteRojas, OSlc, USN; Vernon KennethStroschein, SC2c, Coral Sea. With an accurate under- they turned down upon their targets standing of his objective and bold in glide-bombing runs. USN; AntoneGeorge Valek, A”lc, perseverance in attaining it, he de- USN. As the attack began, the left wing All the officers and men with the ex- stroyed one Japanese fighter plane of Major Henderson’s plane was set ception of Rojas are carried on Navy and courageously attacked several afire. He did not waver in guiding Department rolls as missing in action. others. His high devotion to duty in his plane toward the carrier until it Twelve Navy pilots, including nine the performance of a dangerous and crashed.Major Henderson is offi- officers and three enlisted men, have difficult task contributed measurably cially listed as “Missing in action.”

Page 44 tiring efforts and diligence in effecting repairs over a long period enabledthis PROMOTION IN RANK vessel tocarry out her operations successfully.” Three Advanced and devotion to duty in action while Velmer Fay Turner, USN, from Tor- in charge of the fire room during ac- pedoman, First Class, to Chief Tor- For Sighting Plane tion with the enemy and removal of pedoman because while “in charge of the forward torpedo room of the sub- For discovering an enemy four-en- a shipfrom the U. S. Navy Yard, Cavite, P. I., and in entering the ship marine,Turner was responsible for gined seaplane approaching Midway to assist inthe salvage and rescue the preparation of an unusually large Island on March 10, 1942, in time to work going on after her removal from number of torpedoes.” permit all local aircraft to clear the the pier.’’ ground safely and prepare for com- Kenneth Eugene Hageman, USN, bat, resulting in ultimate destruction Raymond Elwood Busch, USN, from fromWater Tender, 2ndClass, to of the enemy plane without loss of lo- Machinist’s Mate, 2nd Class, to Ma- Water Tender,1st Class, for displaying cal personnel or material: chinist’s Mate, 1st Class, for displaying “great courage and devotion to duty Ace Brobeck Callan, from sea- USNR, “great courage and devotion to duty in action while on watch in the fire man,first class, to radarman, third in action while on watch in theengine room duringaction with the enemy class. room duringthe actionwith the and removal of a ship from the U. S. Richard Bedford Chinn, from USNR, enemy” and during removal of a ship Navy Yard, Cavite, P. I.” radarman, third class, to radarman, from Manila Bay. second class. DonaldBruce Lusk, USN, from Claude Alfred Weber,Jr., USNR, from Boatswain’s Mate, 1st Class, to Chief radarman, third class, to radarman, RobertJoseph Bishop, USN, from Boatswain’s Mate,Acting Appoint- second class. Gunner’sMate, first class, to Chief ment for displayinggreat courage and Gunner’s Mate because “during a war devotion to duty as Gun Captain dUr- patrol of the submarine to which he ing action with enemy planes and as- Initiative as Gunner was attached, Bishop performed the sisted in salvaging a ship.” Gets Reward regularduties of divingofficer throughoutthe patrol. The excep- Walter Benjamin Palmer,USN, from WalterDelmar Taylor, USN, from tional degree to which he displayed Machinist’s Mate, 2nd Class, to Ma- Gunner’s Mate, SecondClass, to Gun- officerlike qualities of leadership, thor- chinist’s Mate, 1st Class for displaying ner’s Mate, First Class, because “dur- oughness, coolheadedness, and ability “great courageand devotion to duty in ing the bombing of his ship by three under strenuous war conditions was action while on watch in the engine- Japanesefour-engined patrol sea- far beyond that normally expected of room during the action with the en- planes, Taylor, as Gun Captain, suc- a Gunner’s Mate, First Class. On two emy and removal of a ship from the cessfully directed the pointing and particular occasions his timely and U. S. Navy Yard, Cavite, P. I.,” the training of his gun by sighting over skillful action in the control room in commendation accompanying his ad- the barrel incoaching the pointer and handling the ship merited the highest vancement states. trainer. This became necessary when commendation.’’ - the telescopic sights became disabled. Dane Howard Thomas, USN, from So Machinist’s Mate,First Class, to Chief successfully was,this done that the Thomas Ambrose Davis, USN, from volume of fire was not affected, nor Machinist’sMate becausewhile “in Electrician’s Mate, SecondClass, to charge of the forward engine room of was the pattern ever varied. This in- Electrician’s Mate, First Class, be- itiative enabled the gun to keepfiring a submarine, supervisedthe making of cause, while in chargeof the auxiliary major repairsto the mainengines un- and undoubtedly aided in damaging electrical force, Davis “has been per- two of the threeplanes in such aman- der the mosttrying conditions. His forming the work and Alling the billet untiring efforts and diligence in effect- ner that the last attackwas onlymade of an Electrician’s Mate, first Class. by one plane.” ing repair6 over a long period, en- His untiring efforts during patrols in abled this vessel tocarry out her effecting repairs to theauxiliary elec- operations successfully.” Fred Lindsey Cox, USN, from Water trical equipment of his vessel have en- - Tender, 1st Class, to Chief Water abled herto carry out operations George Alfred Koschker, USN, from Tender for “serving loyally and effi- successfully.” Signalman, 1st Class, to Chief Signal- ciently during minesweeper opera- man for displaying “great courage tions in Manila and Subic Bays”; for JohnBernard Manion, USN, from and devotion toduty as helmsman workingwith a group of men who Machinist’s Mate,First Class, to Chief during part of. the action with the went toan ammunitiondepot at Machinist’s Mate. “In charge of the enemy Japanese aircraft, as machine Cavite “after an aerial bombardment after engine room, Manion supervised gunner duringpart of the engagement by the enemy to give hisassistance the making of major repairs to the and as signalmanon watch during the withoutregard to his own safety”; main engines of the submarine under salvage of a shipfrom the U. S. andfor displaying “great courage the most trying conditions. His un- Navy Yard, Cavite, P. I.”

Page 45 Theodore Otto Gillmann, USN, I I Edward Chesnut Ritchie, USN, from from MotorMachinist’s Mate, First Signalman, First Class, to Chief Sig- Class, to ChiefMotor Machinist’s I ‘Man of theMonth’ I nalman.“Ritchie was,incharge of Mate for “performing his duties as a the signal bridge of the ship towhich leading engineering petty officer in a he was attached during the action of highly commendable manner.” December 7, 1941, sendingvital signals and rendering invaluable service Bruce Leonard Black, USN, f r om to Commander Battle Force. In or- Gunner’s Mate, First Class, to Chief der to reduce the number of exposed Gunner’sMate for “performing his personnel, Ritchie ordered other sig- recent war patrol duties as Gunner’s nalmen, then on the bridge, under Mateand leading petty officer in a cover of armorduring periods of highly commendable manner. actual attack.”

Charlie Elmus Guilliams, USN, from Robert John Springer, USN, from Fire Controlman, First Class, to Chief torpedoman first class, to chief tor- Fire Controlman for “performing his pedoman for meriotrious action in in- duties as fire controlman during the flicting damage on the enemy. war patrol recently completed by his vessel in a highly commendable manner.” William James Burke, USN, from -U. S. S. Jefferson. Motor Machinist’s Mate 1st Class to Chief Motor Machinist’s Mate because Stephen Anthony Rogers, USN, from Bob Vacanti; S2c the S. S. on U. he “has been the leading motor ma- Electrician’s Mate, First Class, to ThomasJefferson, became “manof chinist’s mate in charge of the main Chief Electrician’s Matefor per- the month” when, right at the call to . forming his dutiesin the maintenance engines during the three war patrols colors, withthe righthand up at of the ship towhich he was attached.” of the electrical plantin a “highly salutehe successfully landed a me- commendable manner.His attention dium-sized tiger-sharkwith the other. to duty, devotion and skill contributed Harold Arvid Stromsoe, USN, from largely to the success of the mission.” WilliamDillow, USN, from Motor Torpedoman, 1st Class, to Chief Tor- Machinist’s Mate, 1st Class, to Chief pedoman because “Stromsoe has been SpencerMarion Robertson, USN, MotorMachinist’s Mate because he the leading torpedoman on the vessel from MotorMachinist’s Mate,First “has been the leading auxiliary man to which he was attached during the Class, to ChiefMotor Machinist’s in charge of upkeep of allhull and three war patrols of this vessel.” Matefor performinghis “duties as machinery equipment except the main leading auxiliarymanin a highly com- engines.’’ T. H.Latimer, USN, fromElectri- mendable manner.” OsbyVivian Johnson, USN, from cian’s Mate, First Class, to Chief Gunner’sMate, 1st Class, to Chief Electrician’s Mate,for “through his Louis HenryKropp, USN, from Gunner’s Mate, because “during three professional skill and initiative” he radioman, first class, to chief radio- war patrols of the ship to which he wasable to devise technical equip- manfor “his leadership,initiative, was attached, Johnson’s ability as a mentcontributing to the safety of industryand ability as an operator Gunner’s Mate, as a seaman, and his landingoperations on acarrier to andin maintenance of radioand allround ability has contributed to which he was assigned. sound equipment.” the efficiency and high morale of this - vessel.” Burleigh William Biltgen, USN, from VictorLeo Campbell, USN, from Peter Piazza, USN, from Machinist’s Boatswain’s Mate, 1st Class, to Chief Yeoman, First Class, to ChiefYeo- Mate, First Class, to Chief Machin- Boatswain’s Mate fordisplaying “great man with a recommendation identi- ist’s Mate because “during war patrol courage and devotion to duty as gun cal with Brandenburg’s. of the submarine to which he was at- captainduring action with enemy tached, Piazza performedhis duties Planes and assisted in salvaging a Clyde Warne Robinson, USN, from under strenuousand often tryingcon- ship.” motor machinist’s mate, first class, to ditions with diligence, thoroughness, chief motor machinist’s mate, for ex- and skill. In action, his coolness and Charles William Brandenburg, USN, traordinary conduct in inflicting omcerlike bearing were of ines- fromQuartermaster, First Class, to damage on the enemy. timable value as an example to the Chief Quartermaster because “during crew and inestablishing the very high Japanese bombings of Manila, P. I., Thomas Joseph Luther, USN, from standard of morale existing on the and Soerabaja,Java, Brandenburg fire controlman, first class, to chief ship throughout thepatrol.” was serving withthe operational com- Are controlman for displaying “excep- mands.Heconducted himself tionalinitiative and industry in re- Victor Pfannenstiel, USN, from Yeo- throughout in a manner which con- pairing and maintaining thefire con- man, First Class, to Chief Yeoman for tributed to the effectiveness of oper- trol installations in proper operating performing his duties as a lookout in ations and which was in thebest tra- co’ndition.” a “highly commendable manner.” ditions of the naval service.” Page 46 A navalaviator, an enlisted pilot, and an aviation radioman have been COMMENDATIONS commended for their part in the dar- For Meritorious Se ruice ing rescue of the crew of an Army B-17 bomber which had been forced down in Greenland.Another naval Capt. WilliamD. Davis, Medical aviator, who previously was awarded Corps, USN, has been commended for the DistinguishedFlying Cross, has gallantryab’oard the U. S. S. York- been cited for his exploits in thesame town during the Coral Sea battle, by rescue. Admiral Chester W. Nimitz,Com- The men, who fiew to theaid of the mander in Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet. 13-man crew of a Flying Fortress ma- Captain Davis,according to his rooned on theGreenland Ice Cap, commendation, ‘‘by the calm and un- are Lt. George C. Atteberry, USNR; Ens. tiring application of his professional John C. Snyder, USNR; Aviation Ma- skill as a physician and surgeon and chinist’s Mate, first class, Oliver L. -“Sand Point Static by his vigorous and intelligent direc- Leininger, USN, and Aviation Radio- “Hmm, that funny-Hon. Aircraft tions to his medicalpersonnel, was man, first class, Frank R. McEnroe, Carrier say they pick us up right at responsible forthe saving of many USN. Ensign Snyder was awarded the this spot.” lives and the alleviation of the suffer- Distinguished Flying Cross on August ing of numerous men who were seri- 18 for his part in therescue. doors and hatches and werecoming ously burned or otherwise wounded.” Lieutenant Atteberry’s commenda- forwardon themain deckwhen a tion“notes with greatinterest and bomb hit the ship and caused their Two enlisted men, FloydDavid gratification” his locationof the Army deaths. Parks, Flc, USN, and Harvey Emerson ’ B-17 plane on the Greenland IceCa.p. “Had it not been or the efficient Oswald,MM2c, USN, who sacrificed “This action on your part made pos- manner in whichthey carried out their lives to bring an unmanned ma- sible the subsequentrescue of the theirduty, the danger tothe ship chinegun to bear upon attacking crew of this plane,” the commendation would have beenmore serious,” the enemy planes, have been commended continues. commendation declares. posthumously by the Secretary of the Leininger and McEnroe were com- - Navy. mended jointly for rendering excel- Nine naval officers have received While proceeding to their stations lent assistance when the crew of the commendations for outstanding con- at general quarters asmembers of the stranded bomberwas rescued. The duct in action. Pour were commend- ship’s ammunition party,according to commendation stated that theconduct ed for meritorious service aboard sub- their commendation, they noted that of Leininger and McEnroe “reflects marines; four were praised for service one machinegun was not yet great credit upon the naval service.” aboard merchant ships as command- manned. Realizing thatan attack Ensign Snyder’s citation states that ing officers of Armed Guard crews, and was imminent, they “mannedthe gun he handled the engine throttles skill- one was commended for his skill and of their own initiative and opened fire fully when the rescue planelanded courage as pilot of a patrol plane. on the enemy.” Shortlyafterwards and took off twice in asmall lake Thesubmarine officersreceived they were killed by a bomb striking formed by melted ice on the Ice Cap. commendations for their devotion to the ship. His demonstration of professional duty, their courage, andtheir re- sourcefulness. They are Commanders 1 skill andjudgment in applying the maximum power at the right instant Joseph A. Connolly, USN; Stuart S. and in perfect coordination with the Murray, USN; and Willis M. Percifield, senior pilot’s manipulation of the con- USN; and Lt. Walter V. Combs, Jr., USN. trols enabled the heavily loaded plane Although his plane was damaged by to take off successfully. antiaircraft fire and hewas wounded, Ens. Bradford M. Dyer, USNR, brought Eugene Blair, CMM, USN, and it toits base. He remained at his LeRay Wilson, M2c, USN, whose devo- post after it landedand assisted in tion to duty helped savetheir ship taking twoseverely wounded men from destruction by enemy bombers, ashore despite turbulent seas. but cost them their lives, have been In each case the officer in charge commended posthumously by the Sec- of the gun crews directed fire against retary of the Navy. enemy attacksfrom the air and by They Were members of arepair submarine. Distinguishing themselves party whose duty it was to close all by their courage, endurance, and watertight doors in the after part of devotion to duty were Enss. Jules H. -Bill Eddy. the ship. Theattack on theirship Bloch, USNR; Walter J. Gudat, USNR; tku list any destro?lers was launchedwithout warning and James E. King, USNR; and David A. with two numbers, we’re in. too close.” theyhad just completed closing all Pickler, USNR. That historic moment another December 7-in 2917-is and Delaware-steamed in tojoin the Grand Fleet as the captured by the painter from the quarterdeck of H. M. S. Sixth Battle Squadron. Flanking the U. S. S. New York Queen Elizabeth, Admiral Beatty’s flagship, when the four at either side are British battleships at anchor. Admiral American battleships-the New York, Wyoming, Florida, Beatty faces the crew with hand upraised.

December in Naval History Two sevenths mark the month-Pearl Harbor and World War I, when fleet joined British

1 DECEMBERhoisted by Lt. John Paul George Washington,escorted Jones, on board the flagship by U. S. S. Pennsylvania, on 1917 Permanent Allied Supreme War Alfred, at, Philadelphia,Pa. his way to the peace confer- Council inaugurated. It was the “grandunion” flag, ence;arrived at Brest, 2 DECEMBER having 13 Americanstripes, France, December 13. with the English union jack 1891 The armored Cruiser New York in the fleld. 6 DECEMBER (Queen of the Navy) 1917 Allied Conference in Paris de- 1899 Landing party from U. S. S. launched at Cramps Ship cided to establish an Allied Concord and Paragwt, under Yards, Philadelphia, Pa. Maritime Transport Council. EnsignDavidson, captured 3 DECEMBER 4 DECEMBER Banate, P. I. 1775 F’irst flag ever unfurled aboard 1918 President Wilson and his party 1922 New fleet organization placed in an Americanwarship was left New York Harbor on the effect combining tlie Atlan-

Pdge 48 tic and Pacific Fleet with the sloop La Flambeau, inbril- title of United States Fleet, Outstandingevents in naval liantaction. Rear Admiral HilaryP. Jones, history are logged here monthly 1814 Americangunboats under Lt. commander in chief. as a matter of interest, and for Thomas ap CatesbyJones, becalmedon Lake Borgne, 7 DECEMBER use by ships,and stations in'preparing daily slides to flash upon La., were overwhelmed by 1917 U. S. Battleship Division 9, Un- the screen before the featured British attack of nearly 1,000 der Rear Admiral Hugh Rod- motionpicture. The prewar men in 47 small boats. Some man, arrived at Scapa Flow. chronology is prepared by the of the most desperate hand- Designated 6th Battle Squad- Once ofNaval Records and Li- to-hand fighting of the war ron of BritishGrand Fleet. brary, and the events since De- tookplace here. Although 1917 United States declaredwar on cember ?, 1911, are gathered the Americanslost, the 9- Austria-Hungary. from newspaper files. day delay imposed by naval 1941 Pearl H a r b o r , Philippine resistanceupon the British Islands attackedby Japan. Army, together with effective assistance rendered General 8 DECEMBER Cagayan~~ and Isabella, P. I. 1775 Private armed schooner Lee, 1899 Theports of the Philippines Jackson at New Orleans by naval forces under Com- Capt. John Manly, captured opened to commerce. ships Jenny and Concord and 1941 Germany and Italy declare war modore D. T. Patterson, defl- on United States. nitely affected the outcome brig Hannah withcargo of of thebattle ofNew Or- rum whichrum sold for DECEMBER $25,000.12 leans on January 8, 1815. 1941 United States declareswar on 1812 The u. sas. E~~~,Capt. David Japan. Porter, captured the British the captured Porter, Japan. 15,DECEMBER 9 DECEMBER packet Nocton, with $55,000 1861 U. S.S. Jamestown captured andthe mails, nearthe sloop Havelock off Cape Fear, 1864 U. S. S. Otsego, Lt. Henry N. T. equator. N. C. Arnold, USN, sunk by a tor- Ascent of Yazoo River, Miss., by 1862 16 DECEMBER pedo inthe RoanokeRiver the U. S. ships Cairo,Pitts- off Jamesville, N. C. burg, Marmora, Signal, and 1907 GreatWhite Squadron of United StatesBattleships 10 DECEMBER Queen of the West. Destruc- of sailed from Hampton Roads, 1846 Comdr. J. Tattnall, assisted by tion the Cairo by a torpedo. Va., on a cruise around the marinesunder Capt. Edson world, under the successive 1941 Wake and Midway Islands re- anddetachments from the commands of Rear Admirals Cumberland, took possession ported still holding out against enemy attacks. R. D. Evans, C. M. Thomas, of Tampico, Mexico. and C. S. Sperry. The 1898 Treaty of Peace signed at Paris 13 DECEMBER squadron returned to Hamp- by which Spain ceded the 1775 Thirteenfrigates provided for, ton Roads February 22, 1909. Philippine Islands and Porto by Act of Congress, 5 of 32 1923 OfEcers and crew of the Rico tothe United States, guns, 5 of 28, and 3 of 24. U. S. S. Bainbridge rescued and relinquished all claimsto 1918 Fourth Brigade of Marines as 482 of the officers, crew, and Cuba. part of the Army of Occupa- passengers from the burning 1899 U. S. S. Olympia and Baltimore tion in Germany crossed the Frenchmilitary transport took possession of Navy Yard Rhine. The Marines,among Vinh-Long 'nthe Sea of at Olongapo, Subic Bay, P. I. the first to cross that famous Marmora. 1941 Last messagereceived from river, occupied an important 1941 JohnstonIsland attacked by Guam Island. sub-sector. enemy" shim. Withunsettled conditions in 11 DECEMBER 1926 DECEMBER Chinaendangering Ameri- 17 1846 Battle of SanFascual, near can lives and property, an 1862 United States naval force un- San Diego, in which General American force of 2 officers der Commander J. Alden, in Kearny's army soon after ar- with and 125 Marinesarrived in cooperation troops un- riving in Californiafrom Fort China from Guam on board der Gen. N. P. Banks, occu- Leavenworth, Kans., was de- U. S. S. Gold Star. The pied Baton Rouge, La. feated. Lieut. A. H. Gillespie force disembarked at Chin- 1929 Marine patrol, 8 miles up the and his Marines,together wangtao. Yacalwas River, in Nicara- with a naval force, arrived in 1941 United States seizes 14 French gua,captured Rupert0 Her- time to organize a relief col- warships. nandez and his entire band. umn and retain control of the The Marines and theNicara- battlefield. 14 DECEMBER guanGuardia Nacional did 1899 The U. S. S.Newark, Capt. B. H. 1800 U. S. Schooner Enterprise, Lt. greata amount of patrol McCalla,captured Province J. Shaw,defeated French work in Nicaragua during

Page 49 the occupation of that country, 1927 to 1933. 1941 AdmiralChester W. Nimitz, USN, assigned to duty ascom- mander in chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet. 18 DECEMBER 1807 Congress authorized building of 188 gunboats,bringing total in the Navy to 257. 1864 North AtlanticFleet sailed from Beaufort, N. C., to attack Fort Fisher, N. C. 1941 United States subs sink enemy transport in Far East. 19 DECEMBER 1862 C. S. Steamer Sumter sold at Gibraltar. 1913 Law enacted limitingthe tenure ofoffice of Commandant of the Marine Corps to a term of four years, providing that at the expiration of same the incumbent might be permit- tedto serve an additional four years.Thus, for instance, the record of Briga- dier General Archibald Hen- derson, who served as Com- mandantfor nearlyforty years, can never be equalled. 1941 Navy Departmentannounces two additional attacks on Wake Island. 20 DECEMBER 1776 Continental brig Lexington, Captain Hallock, captured by theBritish while returning fromthe West Indies. Re- captured by her own crew that same evening and brought into Baltimore. 1822 Congress authorized United -0fIice of Naval Rxxds and Library. States Squadron fitted out to THE U. S. S. ALFRED, the first battleship ever med by the United States suppress piracy in the Carib- of America, commissioned at Philadelphia, Pa., December 23, 1775, Lt. John bean. PaulJones commanding. He received her into the Navy on December 3, 1838 QuallahBattoo bombarded by @ hoisting the “Grand Union Flag,” the first “Flag of America,” as Jones U. S. S. John Adams, Capt. called it, at her masthead. The occasion is the time Admiral Esek Hopkins, George C. Reid; for outrages. the first and omly Commander in Chief the Navy ever had, took command 1941 Cavite, P. I., sustains heavy of the fleet of six wlar vessels. bombing by Japanese. 21 DECEMBER Lagunade 10s Terminos, 14 enemy subs probably sunk Mexicb; Commander J. R. 1795 Treaty of Peace concluded with or damaged in Atlantic. the Emperor of Morocco. Sands installed asmilitary 22 DECEMBER governor. 1821 U. S. S. Enterprise, Lt. Law- 1807 Embargolaid on all vessels, rence Kearny, USN, captured 1859 U. S. S. Constellation, Capt. J. which continued in forceun- piratical schooner off Cape I. Nicholas, captured slave til 1809. Antonia, W. I. brig Delicia off the coast of 1814’ U. S. Schooner Carolina, Capt. 1846 U. S. Squadron under Commo- Africa. John D. Henley, opened fire dore M.C. Ferrycaptured 1941 Secretary Knox reports at least onBritish troops and dis-

Page 50 persed them,thus assisting 26 DECEMBER the Frigate Constitution, 44 GeneralJackson in his at- 1917 ThePlanning Section was guns, captured British Frig- tack on New Orleans. formed in London atthe ate Java, 38, CaptainLam- 1917 U. S. NavalAviation Station Headquarters of the Force bert, after a 2-hour battle off Pauillac(Gironde) was es- Commander as part of his the coast of Brazil. The Java tablished by Commander U. staff. wasburned because of her S. Naval Forces Operating in 1941 Manila declared open city; U. S. disabledcondition. Casual- European Waters. subs, sink one transport and ties: American: 9 killed, 25 one minesweeper in FarEast. wounded; British: 48 killed, 23 DECEMBER 102 wounded. 27 DECEMBER 1803 U. S. S. Constitution, Capt. Ed- 1845 An expedition made up of two ward Preble, and U. S. S. En- 1846 United Statessquadron under volunteer companies and the terprise, Lt. Stephen Decatur, Commodore Perrycaptured Marinedetachment of the captured Turkish ketchMas- Mexican Schooner Amelia off U. S. S. Dale marchedon tico with 70 Tripolines on Alvarado.Vessel sold for SantaClara, Calif. After a board. This vesselwas re- $2,556. brief skirmish the Califor- named Intrepid and used by 1860 U. S. Revenue Cutter William nians were driven away. Lieutenant Decatur in burn- Aiken, Capt. N. L. Coste, 1941 United States subs sink enemy ing the Philadelphia (which USRM, surrendered tothe state transport and supply ship. had been taken by the Tripo- authorities at Charleston, lines), on February 16, 1804, s. c. 30 DECEMBER in the Harbor of Tripoli. 1941 Manila,although declared an 1927 Large force of Nicaraguan ban- 1817 Marine detachments of six na- open city was bombed for 3 dits attacked a Marine patrol val vessels participated in hours by Japanese. in the vicinity of Quilali. A joint army and navy opera- 28 DECEMBER furious fight ensued in which tions whichforced the sur- 1862 Feint of gunboatson Yazoo the bandits were defeated. render of Amelia Island, off forts to cover the advance of 1941 Admiral Ernest J. Kingfor- northeastcoast of Florida, Maj. Gen. William Tecumseh mally takes post as com- and put an end itsto use as a Sherman. mander 'n chief, U. S. Fleet. pirate stronghold. 1905 U. S. Floating Dry Dock Dewey, 1898 Island of Guam placed under in tow of the U. S. S. Glacier, 31 DECEMBER control of Navy Department Brutus, and Caesar, with the 1776 The Andrew Doria, Capt. J. I. by executive order of the Potomac as tender,under Robinson, captured the Brit- President. command of Commander ish Ship Race Horse, Lieut. 1941 Enemyforce landed on Wake H. H. Hosley, left Solomon's Jones, off Porto Rico. Island. Island, Md.,on a voyage to 1861 United Statesnaval force, un- Olangapo, P. I., via the Suez 24 DECEMBER der Capt. Melancthon Smith, Canal:arrived at Olangapo, occupied Biloxi, Miss. 1814 Treaty of Peace concluded at F. I., on July 10, 1906. 1890 The Washington Navy Yard Ghent between United States 29 DECEMBER andGreat Britain. Ratified began themanufacture of by Prince Regent, December 1812 Capt. WilliamBainbridge in. heavy ordnance. 28th and by United States I Senate andPresident onFeb- ruary 17,1815. 1941 Wake Island captured by Japa- nese. 25 DECEMBER 1863 U. S. S. Marblehead,Pawnee and C. P. Williams, engaged Confederatebatteries along Stono River, S. C., compelled the enemy to retreat, abandoning two guns. 1863 U. S. S. Santiago de Cuba captured British Brig Comet at Abaco, Bahama Islands. 1941 Free French take St. Pierre and Miquelon, Islands in Western "OWce of Naval Records and Library. Hemisphere. An Unrecorded Naval Engagement

Page 51 * INDEX FORISSUE OF NOVEMBER 1942

Page Page Page Addressing mail ...... 24 Governmentchecks ...... 39 OLYMPIA. USS-to be saved as Advancements ...... 45 Guadalcanalaction summarized 14 relic ...... 32 ALFRED. USS-etching ...... 50 Japtreachery in .. truce” ...... 19 OREGON. USS-to be scrapped . 32 American Fleet at Scapa Flow- Japanese Zero fighter salvaged ... 23 Paper work cut by Enlisted Per- photograph ...... 48 Lapel pin for Naval Reserve .... 35 sonnelDivision ...... 29 Armed Guard ...... 2 Legion of Merit established .... 17 Precedence of Ratings ...... 38 Awards ...... 42 Legislation of interest to Navy. . 27 President’s Navy Day Greetings . 7 Awards given 27 at Pearl Har- Mail, proper addressing of 24 ..... Promotions ...... 45 bor ...... 40 Marinescelebrate anniversary . . 18 Purple Heart Awards by Army. . 44 Bainbridge. Md.,boot camp MerchantMarine-Casualties . . 13 Ratings-precedence of ...... 38 opens ...... 37 MerchantmenArmed Guard Casualties-Merchant Marines . 13 crews ...... 2 Red Cross-Navy Relief agreeon Casualties-Navy, Marines. MexicanVisits ...... 28 cognizance ...... 28 CoastGuard ...... 13 Navy Day Greetings: Requests for change of duty .... 36 Change of command ...... 30 President Franklin D . Roose- Russian Navy Day Greetings ... 21 Commendations ...... 47 velt’s ...... 7 Saga of a Tanker ...... 22 Communiques from Solomons Capt . I . Yegorichev’s for Sampson,N . Y ., bootcamp summarized ...... 14 USSR ...... 21 opens ...... 37 ConstructionBattalions organ- General Marshall’s and Ad- Scrap salvaged by Navy...... 32-34 ized ...... 8 miralKing’s ...... 13 Seabees organized ...... 8 Court appearances forbidden per- Naval History-December ..... 48 ServiceStripes ...... 24 sonnel ...... 30 NavalMedical Research Insti- SolomonIsland action sum- Cruisers namedCanberra. tute commissioned ...... 35 marized ...... 14 Quincy.Astoria. Vincennes. Navy Relief. Red Cross agree on Song of the Seabees ...... 10 Houston ...... 21 cognizance ...... 28 Tank Lighters Launched ...... 34 December in Naval History...... 48 Naval Reserve lapel pin ...... 36 Towers, Vice Admiral, becomes Dependents. checksfor ...... 39 Commander Air Force, Pacific Employment of WAVES ...... 21 3 Fleet ...... 16 Enlisted Personnel Division cuts I THIS MONTH’S COVER I Training Courses-Enlisted .... 27 paper work ...... 29 The shimimg 14-imch 50-caliber USSR-Navy Day Greetings by . 21 Enlisted TrainingCourses ...... 27 gums. “semtimels of seczcrity,” Victory Corps set up ...... 25 Expeditionary Force message... 36 form the forwardmaim battery Visits to Mexico ...... 28 Farragut. Idaho boot camp open 37 of the U . S . S . “Califormia.” War Bond Campaign ...... 31 The picture is am official S Fighting Texan 20 U ...... Navy photograph.as are those WASP, USS-sunk ...... 21 Fixed-Text telegrams ...... 36 om the inside fromt amd back WAVES-employment of ..... 21 GeneralMarshall’s letter to a covers. Women’s Reserve, use of ...... 21 lieutenant ...... 41 ‘You Can’tDeny a People. .... 15