DONOSTIALDEA´S METRO GETS MOVING

Complex issues for Planning, Building and Operating a new rail mass transit system in : – Phase by Phase towards a new backbone for more sustainable and safer mobility

Vincenzo Orazzo Chief of Maintenance and Operation Department S.p.A - Metronapoli SpA

URBAN RAIL TRANSIT SYSTEMS ORGANIZATION IN NAPLES

MUNICIPALITY OF NAPLES Strategic transportation planning Working building plan commissioning and financing Transportation service regulator and purchaser

Company Responsible for Working and Carry Company responsible for Operation and Out Plans of Civil Buildings, Fixed Equipments Maintenance of Urban Rail Lines and Rolling Stock METRONAPOLI S.p.A . METROPOLITANA DI NAPOLI S.p.A. (public company) (private company)

European and Government fundings have got contribution for plan carrying out Regional and City fundings and fare revenue pay operating costs Metronapoli SpA

Metronapoli is a Joint Stock Company, with a single shareholder- Municipality of Naples - which takes over “Operations and maintenance” of city rail transport since 2001: the two metros - Line1 , Line6 - and the four funiculars . Metronapoli SpA

Presentation index

Planning

Building

Operating Population density in the region PLANNING

In the Naples metropolitan area live almost 55% of the population of the region (one of most crowded areas in Europe) Naples metropolitan area has reached a density of 2,625

inhabitants/km² and the population is more than 3 million Dati ISTAT Population density of Naples City PLANNING

The province of Naples People: 3,074,375 Surface: 1,171.13 km² Population density: 2,625 inhab/km²

Naples city People : 963,661 Surface: 117.27 km² Population density: 8,217 inhab/km²

Dati ISTAT Population density in the province of and Rome PLANNING

The province of Milan People: 3,930,345 Surface: 1,578.90 km² Population: density 1,961 inhab/km²

The province of Rome People: 4,110,035 Surface: 5,351.81 km² Population density 768 inhab/km²

Dati ISTAT Key populations indicators for 3 major italian provinces PLANNING

Population density

People Population density inhab/km²

3.930.345 4.110.035 2.625 4.500.000 3.000

4.000.000 3.074.375 2.500 1.961 3.500.000

3.000.000 2.000

2.500.000 1.500 2.000.000 768 1.500.000 1.000 1.000.000 500 500.000

0 0 Naples Milan Rome Naples Milan Rome

Dati ISTAT Population and transportation growth PLANNING

Early times eruptions gave rise to particular orography of Naples city with large hills (about 300 m high) very close to the sea. In the last 50 years a new town of about 400,000 people is grown over the old maritime city. Efficient and rapid transportation way to make connected the “two level city ” was soon a challenge at the beginning of the last century

So 4 smart urban funiculars were built. In 1925 a new underground double track railway going trough Naples town was built by Italian Railways. Thanks to this East-West link it has been possible to operate the first italian “Urban Underground railway Service”. It is not designed for specialized passengers traffic (Long distance and regional trains are allowed till today) Railway as a innovation for Naples PLANNING

But Naples has been not only famous for the first Urban Underground railway link (with a drastic reduction of travelling time between Naples and Rome) but also because, during Borbonic Kingdom of “Two Sicilies”, in 1869, was built the “First Italian Railway”: NAPOLI- with a length of about 6 km

In 1970’s Naples Municipality Government realized thath the four funicolars and the Urban Underground Railway (after called in the new Transportation Act) were not able to face up mass mobility need. 1976 line 1 first stone Naples railway network plan Train commuters bound for Naples in a weekday morning are about 60.000 Total public transport weekday trips in Naples (buses, trams, metros, urban railways,funicolars) are about 700,000*

Line 1

Line 6

*Trips across borders are not included Railway situation scheme in Naples 20 years ago PLANNING

NATIONAL RAILWAY from North REGIONAL RAILWAYS from South East Bound REGIONAL RAILWAYS from West Bound

NATIONAL UNDERGROND RAILWAY LINK (SE-W through the town)

It was also realized thath new lines able to intercept passengers interchange from suburban and urban transportation should be designed

Miano Regina Margherita - Marianella

airport

Central station

Harbour

LINEA 1 TRATTA VANVITELLI – PISCINOLADANTELINEALINEALINEA IN6 1 1 ESERCIZIO IN ESERCIZIO DAL DAL 2001 1993 TRATTALUNGHEZZATRATTA DELLA –TRATTA:CAPODICHINO CENTRO 8.3 DIREZIONALE KM -LINEA PISCINOLA 1 IN CORSO DI ESECUZIONE LUNGHEZZATRATTA DELLA CENTRO TRATTA: 4,9 KM LINEA – MERGELLINA 6 LUNGHEZZANUMERO NUMEROSTAZIONI: DELLATRATTA STAZIONI: TRATTA: CENTRO 595 KM DIREZIONALE 4 – CAPODICHINO LUNGHEZZA TRATTADELLA TRATTA: MERGELLINA 2,3 KM – NUMEROSTATO DI STAZIONI:STATO ATTUAZIONE: DI ATTUAZIONE: 5APERTA IN FASE ALL’ESERCIZIO DI APERTURA COMMERCIALE DI CANTIERI STATONUMERO DI ATTUAZIONE:LUNGHEZZA STAZIONI: DELLA APERTA TRATTA: 4 ALL’ESERCIZIO 3,4 KM COMMERCIALE LUNGHEZZADAL DELLA 19932001 TRATTA: PER L’ESTESA 3,2 KM VANVITELLI – COLLIMUSEO AMINEI STATO STATODI ATTUAZIONE: DINUMERO ATTUAZIONE: STAZIONI: LAVORI APERTA INCORSO 5ALL’ESERCIZIO COMMERCIALE DAL 2007 NUMERO STAZIONI:DAL 199527/3/2002 PER L’INTERA PER 4 L’INTERA ESTESA ESTESA STATO DI ATTUAZIONE: IN FASE DI PROGETTAZIONE STATO DI ATTUAZIONE:LUGLIO 2003 APERTURA IN FASE STAZIONE DI APERTURA CANTIERI Metronapoli 2011/15today network

2 metro lines 4 funicolars 2520 interchange links 5036 stationsstations

400,000160,000 passengerspassengers // dayday 10045ml ml passengers passengers / year/ year today line1

Route length 13.30 km Number of stations 14 Trip time between headways 23 min Commercial speed 34 km/h Gradient 5.5% Train running during rush hour 10 Actual headway 6 min Train Capacity 1,250 people Yearly passengers 2009 30 millions YearlyTrain km 2009 1 mln 2013 line1

Route length 18 km Number of stations 19 Trip time between headways 32 min Commercial speed 34 km/h Gradient 5.5% Train running during rush hour 28 Headway 2.5 min Yearly Passengers 2013 50 mln YearlyTrain km 2013 2.7 mln BUILDING Plan carry out

Complex orographic constraints

Discovery of archaeological ruins

Big impact over scheduled building time and increase of costs BUILDING line1 Longitudinal Profile

Policlinico station entrance: 275 m above sea level Salvator Rosa top rail level: The highest station entrance 45 m under ground Università The deepest top rail level Forecasted opening on next July Station entrance 5 m above sea level the lowest station entrance

in operation under construction BUILDING line1 Schematic plan Average distance between stations 980 m Depot & viaduct Workshop

Two single track tunnels under construction In operation 5 stations 14 stations 4,5 km double track 13,5 km double track Construction of station with a top of rail under sea level BUILDING

Hydraulic milling machine utilized to build bulkhead station vertical border walls Construction of station with a top of rail under sea level BUILDING

Reinforced concrete bulkhead for border vertical walls construction Construction of station with a top of rail under sea level BUILDING

Water table

Bulkhead carried out with reinforced concrete panels

Pedestrian tunnels Station tunnels (platform and track) (escalators and stair way) Construction of station with a top of rail under sea level BUILDING

Rectangular wells 20x45 m with a depth of about 35-50m . These wells are centred in the middle of the two station tunnels Station tunnels are wider than line tunnels just to allow platform construction BUILDING Tunnels construction

Depth positioning of tunnels was made into vulcanic rocks in order to reduce soil subsiding

EPB (Earth Pressure Balance) automatically adjust front boring pressure to balance water pressure; This machine carries out tunnel boring and covering at the same time

Pulled out materials are re-utilized BUILDING Tunnels construction

Preventive soil freezing (under sea level) BUILDING Archaeological discoveries

4,800 mq investigated 3,300,000 finds 18 archaeologists involved Municipio station

3 ships found at the site of the ancient Roman port Municipio station Municipio station

The remains of ancient medieval walls station

Remains of Roman villa The Art Stations Metronapoli BUILDING

Opportunity to redevelop city context To export around the world a new image of Naples The Art Stations Metronapoli BUILDING

Linea 1 7 station 4 station Artist 90 Art works 180

Famous artist: Famous architects involved: Kosuth, Lewitt, Merz, Kounellis, Gae Aulenti, Alessandro Mendini, Vittorio Tremlett, Paladino, Chia Magnago Lampugnani, Dominique Perrault, Alvaro Siza, Massimiliano Fuksas,Karim Rashid,Richard Rogers . The Art Stations Metronapoli

Dante station The Art Stations Metronapoli

Dante station The Art Stations Metronapoli

Vanvitelli station The Art Stations Metronapoli

Materdei station The Art Stations Metronapoli

Museo station Salvator Rosa station contribute to realize a remarkable interaction between architectural and urban context.

The Art Stations Metronapoli

Materdei station Operation & OPERATING Maintenance Issues

ITALIAN TRANSPORTATION SAFETY LAWS EXPRESS A FUNDAMENTAL REQUIREMENT TO AIM TOWARDS A HIGH SAFETY RISK REDUCTION

STATEMENT A Since 1998 in Italy there has been a strict and severe legislation about project rules for risk fire reduction and passenger evacuation from an underground metro line.

STATEMENT B Moreover, lifts and escalators operating such a link for public transportation (f.e. inside railway stations, inside airport, in a square, linking two streets) require an uninterrupted monitoring by skilled rescue personnel, particularly close to these equipments when there is a significant drop like in metro stations. The same strict legislation about lifts and escalators operating for public transportation require preventive scheduled checks every three months and preventive huge scheduled renewals every five years Operation & OPERATING Maintenance Issues

CONSEQUENTLY, CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATING & MAINTENANCE COSTS OF NEW METRO LINES ARE HIGHER THAN EXISTING OLD LINES AND, GENERALLY, MORE EXPENSIVE THAN IN OTHER EUROPEAN COUNTRIES WITHOUT SO SEVERE SAFETY LEGISLATION

MANDATORY STATION FIRE EQUIPMENTS : •Smoke detectors linked to Remote Control Unit able to send alarm to Station Control Room located in station mezzanine; •Water barriers -starting in automatic and manual mode – bordering every walkway exit from platforms to stairways •Reversible fans able to assure smoke evacuation under platforms, in case of fire event inside a train •Specialized water pipes for exclusive use inside metro stations by fire rescue personnel OPERATING Safety equipments

Platform automatic water Emergency barriers working for escape scheduled check platform along viaducts and tunnels Station operation OPERATING organization During passenger service it’s mandatory to have skilled agent in each station Control Room: Above all, he is responsible to manage equipments for passengers station transit and for passengers evacuation during an emergency. Yet, he is responsible for Customer information, particularly during train service disruptions

Station Control Room With Command & Control Desk OPERATING Station Facilities

Automatic toilet

lifts 65 stairlifts 12 escalators 107 tapis roulant 14

100% without barriers OPERATING Station Facilities

Tactile maps for blind people Set helping course for blind people Customer service OPERATING facilities

Passengers informations on board

Videowall

Totem infopoint OPERATING Security

Crimes reduction Repair costs saving Higher security perception

On board Closed-circuit tv Real-time recording Remote diagnostic Security Central Control Room 500 cameras stations corridors link escalators lifts Centralized Traffic Control Centralized Fixed Equipments Control OPERATING

Centralized Traffic Control Workstation Centralized Power Supply Control Workstation OPERATING Train operation Traction power supply: 1,5 kV DC Maximum Train Composition: 3 double car EMU Due to exceptional Maximum capacity: 1250 passengers route gradient there Maximum Train composition length: 105 m Car width: 2,850 mm are only motor bogies 4 doors per side for each car Maximum acceleration 1,2 m/sec 2 (gradient 0% & max load ) Maximum acceleration 0,8 m/sec 2 (gradient 5,5% & max load )

Easy and rapid passenger boarding and alighting thanks to train floor/platform alignment and good doors density per side.

DURING RUSH HOURS THIS IS EXCELLENT FOR DWELL TIME REDUCTION IN MASS TRANSIT TRANSPORT Peculiar Maintenance for station artworks OPERATING

The maintenance and restoration necessary are realized from the Academy with the involvement of "yard-school" students and of the trainees of the Contemporary Art Maintenance and Restoration Course. Peculiar Maintenance for permanent way OPERATING

High gradient (5.5%)and narrow curves (200 m) has been forced in our line.Therefore we need a special yearly track maintenance (rail reprofiling and grinding) and on board lubrication management Final Considerations

CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION COSTS DEPEND FROM OWNER AUTHORITY DECISIONS IN ORDER

•TO ACCEPT A LEVEL FOR EACH INNATE RISK COMING FROM UNDERGROUND RAILWAY SERVICE ASSESSMENT - RULES TO BE STATED (Signalling technology, Fire Emergency along tunnels, Passengers emergency inside lifts, Handiccaped and blind people access availability); •TO FIX A CUSTOMER SERVICE RATE (security, passenger information during disruptions) •TO TAKE THE MOST OF THE OPPORTUNITY OF THIS HUGE INVESTMENT TO CREATE EXCELLENT TOURISTIC CITY IMAGE (ARTSTATION, VALUABLE BUILDING MATERIALS, PRECIOUS ARCHITECTURAL SOLUTIONS) AND INCREASE VALUE FOR SURROUNDING REAL ESTATE AND INCREASE BUSINESS FOR CITY TOURISTIC OPERATORS DONOSTIALDEA´S METRO GETS MOVING

Complex issues for Planning, Building and Operating a new rail mass transit system in Naples: Line 1 – Phase by Phase towards a new backbone for more sustainable and safer mobility

Vincenzo Orazzo Chief of Maintenance and Operation Department Metronapoli S.p.A - Italy

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION