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History of England from the Fall of Wolsey to the Defeat of the Spanish

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History of England from the Fall of Wolsey to the Defeat of the Spanish CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY GIFT OF Professor Howard B. Adelmann UNDERGRADUATE The original of tliis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://archive.org/details/cu31 92405741 5436 HISTORY OF ENGLAND THE FALL OF WOLSET TO THE DEFEAT OF THE SPANISH ARMADA. VOLUME V. BDWARB TSE SIXTH. MART. HISTORY OF ENGLAND THE FALL OF WOLSEY TO THE DEFEAT OF THE SPANISH ARMADA. JiVMES ANTHONY FROUDE, M.A. LATH FELLOW OP EXETER COLLEGE. OXFORD. VOLUME V. EBWAEI) THE SIXTE. ' LONDON:"* '6 LONGMANS, GEEEN, AND GO. 1875. '/flU'''? '•11; ^50 -^' 5^ • , SON, PKISTEES. , , , i JOHS CHILDS AKD CONTENTS OF VOLUME V. CHAPTEE XXVIir. EXECUTION OF TEE DUKE OF SOMERSET. PAGB AUiance between England and France . i Edward is betrotked to a Frencli Princess . 3 The Emperor and tbe Princess Mary- 5 Likelihood of War with the Empire 7 The Eise of Prices 9 The Silver Coin is nailed down 10 Fresh Issue of Base Money II Proclamation of Prices . • 13 Partial Eestoration of the Currency 14 The Sweating Sickness . IS Suppression of Bishoprics . i8 The Princess Mary . • 19 Intrigues of Somerset . • 31 Somerset's Conspiracy . 32 Evidence of Sir Thomas Palmer . • 35 Elevations in the Peerage • 38 Arrest of Somerset . 38 The Trial • 41 Sentence of Death 44 The Execution . • 51 Conduct of Cranmer • 52 The Liturgy . 54 . CONTENTS. Second Act of Uniformity 57 58 The London Hospitals . 60 Statute of Usury 61 Eeform of the Law of Treason The Lutheran Preachers are expeUed from AugsLurg . 63 65 The Emperor goes to Innspruck . 65 The Council of Trent . Dake Maurice declares against the Emperor 67 Peace of Pasaau 69 State of Ireland 71 First Administration of Sir Anthony St Leger 71 Deputation of Sir Edward Bellingham 74 Character of Bellingham 79 Eesiilts of his Goverimient 82 Eeturn of St Leger 84 The Irish Mint 8S St Leger and the Eeformation 87 St Leger and BeUingham's Captains 87 Sir James Crofts is made Deputy . 91 The Irish Currency . 91 Irish Council of Trade . 93 Artificial Famine and General Misery 96 CHAPTEE XXIX. NORTEUMBEELAND-S GONSPISACT. Moral Eesults of the Eeformation . 99 Character of Edward lOI Edward's Opinions on the State of England 103 Proposed Protestant Synod i°S Church Discipline 106 Continued Disorders in the Country 108 The Antwerp Loans no CONTENTS. The Crown Debts Differences with France . England and the Empire Commissions to raise Money The Chniches are again spoiled The Public Accounts . A new PaiKament to be called A General Election Ifomination ,of the Members The Council and the Estates of the Church The Merchant Adventurers and the Fellowship of Lon- don Merchants . A Subsidy John Knox and the Duke of Northumberland John Knox preaches before the Court Dissolution of Parliament . Prospects of Northumberland . The King's lUness Siege of Metz . England offers to mediate between France and the Empire Eenard and NoaOles Anticipations of the King's Death Popular Good Feeling towards Mary Possible Alteration of the Succession Views of France Northumberland determines to set Mary aside He persuades Edward The King's DeAdce for the Succession Opposition of the Council and of the Judges The Letters Patent The Signatures Conduct of Cranmer Crantner yields to Edward's Entreaties features of the King's Disease CONTENTS. PAGE General Discontent 173 Edward dies 175 CHAPTEE XXX. QUEEN JANE AND QUEEN MARY. riigM of Mary . Advice of the Flemish Ambassadors Position of Northumberland Lady Jane Grey Proclamation of Queen Jane Letter of Mary to the Lords Guilford Dudley and the Crown Mary's Party gains Strength Northumberland levies Troops Lord Pembroke The Council prepare to declare for Mary Eevolt of the Fleet and Army Sunday during the Crisis Northumberland invites a French Invasion The Meeting at Baynard's Castle . Proclamation of Mary in London . Arrest of Northumberland The Emperor and the Queen's Marriage Funeral of Edward VL . The Emperor's Advice . Gardiner returns to the Council . The Ambassador Eenard . Mary enters London Advice of Eenard Eestoration of the deprived Bishops Eeduction of Expenditure The Hot GospeUer CONTENTS. Mass at the Tower Disputes in Council . Sermon at Paul's Cross . The Marriage Question . IS'orthumberland's Trial . Northumberland under Sentence The Recantation The Executions The Reaction . The Purging of Convocation Arrest of Latimer Arrest of Cranmer . General Restoration of the Mass Reginald Pole . England and the Papacy- Visit of Commendone to the Queen Difficulties in restoring the Papal Authority Thfi Prince of Spain proposed as the Queen's Husband Parties in England Elizabeth and the Mass . Lord Courtenay and the Queen The Coronation Oath The Coronation The Spanish Marriage The Queen and Renard . Philip's Virtues . Reginald Pole . Meeting of Parliament . Preliminary Discussion . The Queen's Legitimacy and the Authority of the Pope Convocation Debate on the Real Presence The Spanish Marriage . Mary's Prayer . Views of Gardiner and Paget X CONTENTS. PAOB 295 Impending Fate of Cramner 296 Petitiou of the House of Commons 298 The Queen and Council . The Succession 299 3°i Menace of Kebellion 302 The Queen and Elizabeth . CHAPTEE XXXI. TME SPANISa MAEEIAOE. Conilictiag Parties 304 Advice of Pole . 307 The Marriage Articles 309 Opposition of the People 312 Ajrival of Count Egmont 314 The Marriage Treaty- 31S Alarm of France 316 Conspiracies 317 Plans for a General Insurrection . 318. Commencement of Disturbance 319 Flight of Sic Peter Carew 322 Conference at AUingham Cattle . 323- Eising in Kent 323 The Duke of Suffolk 326 Sir Thomas Wyatt 326 Intercepted Despatches of the French Ambassador 329 The Queen's Troops join Wyatt . 331 Alarm at the Court 333 The Queen at the Guildhall 336 lU Success of Suffolk in the Midland Counties 338 Storming of Cowling Castle 339 State of Coventry 340 Suffolk is taken 342 CONTENTS. XI PAGE Wyatt at Southwark Agitation of tte CouncU Wyatt crosses the Thames The Night at Whitehall . Advance of Wyatt The Insurrection fails The Queen's Eevenge Lady Jane Grey the first Victim . General Havoc among the Prisoners Arrest of Elizabeth Parties in the Council . The Proxy Marriage Gardiner and the intended Persecutioii Creation of Catholic Peers . The Eefugees in France . Perils of Elizabeth Sentence of Wyatt Elizabeth writes to the Queen . The Tower Protest of the Lords Eenard and the Queen . Meeting of Parliament . The Marriage Bill Execution of Wyatt Trial and Acquittal of Throgmorton The Succession . The Persecution Bills Eesistance of the Lay Lords . The BUls are lost ' The Court and Lord Howard of Effingham Elizabeth is sent to Woodstock The Queen's Troubles PhQip sails from Spaia . Philip at Southampton . ITie Wet Eide to Winchester CONTENTS. PAdE The Marriage 410 "VVar in Belgium 412 Ciarles V. at Namur 413 GHAPTEE XXXII. RECONCILIATION WITS ROME. Pole and the Emperor . 416 The Church Lands • 419 The Papal Commission . 420 Objections to Pole's Eetum . 422 Pole appeals to Philip . • 423 The Spaniards in London . 426 Philip is weary of England . 428 Bonner's Articles • 429 Agitation in the City • 430 A New Parliament 432 Elections . The • 433 Question The Eoman • 434 An Embassy is sent to Pole • 437 Pole's . Eeturn • 441 The Journey . • 441 Pole at Canterbury 442 The Salutation • 444 The Queen enceinte' • 446 Speech of Pole at Whitehall • 448 Parliament petitions for Absolution • 454 St Andrew's Day 454 Absolution and Eeconciliation of England . • 458 Pole writes to the . Pope . 460 Catholic Exultation . 462 Petition of the Clergy . • 464 The Act of Eeconciliation • 465 CONTENTS. xiii PAGE Passing The of the Heresy Acts . 466 Impenitence of Parliament, and Discontent of Pole . 468 The Act of Eeconciliation • 470 Eegency BiU . • 478 Dissolution of Parliament . 480 The Limits of the Catholic Eeaction . 481 The Legate's Injunctions • 484 CoTTiTTiencement of the Persecution . 486 Trials of Hooper and Eogers . 486 Eogers is at Smithfield burnt • 490 is sent Gloucester Hooper to • 491 Martyrdom of . Hooper • 494 Effect the People . upon • 497 Conspiracy Pailure . and • 499 Philip Eenard's Advice to • 500 CHAPTEE XXXIII. TSE MARTYRS. - The Persecution continues • 504 Burning of WiUiam Hunter S08 Perrars, Bishop of St David's • 508 Ferrars . The Crimes of • 5°9 Eerrars is burnt • S12 Prospects of European Peace S14 Proposed Conference 515 The Queen's expected Coufinement . 516 Litanies and Processions . • S16 The Child is not born . 518 Condition of the Queen . • 520 Eresh Stimulus to the Persecution 522 Burning of Cardmaker and Warne • 524 The Child is not bom . • 525 CONTENTS. Change in. the Queen's Prospects Release of Elizabeth . Interview between the Sisters Intended Abdication of the Emperor Philip leaves England . Views of the Spaniards . Philip on the Continent . The Persecution . Trial of Cranmer at Oxford Trials of Ridley and Latimer Eidley and Latimer are burnt Effects of the Persecution Paul IV. and the Church Lands Death and Character of Gardiner Meeting of Parliament . The Subsidy and the Eirst-fruits First-fruits cannot be restored to the Pope Irritation of the Queen . Further Failures and Dissolution Correspondence of Mary with Philip Fate of Cranmer referred to the Pope Sentence arrives from Eome The Archbishop is condemned . Pole writes to him. He wavers and recants . The Court nevertheless will kill him Cranmer at St Mary's . Church . The Sermon The Archlbishop's last Speech His Penitence His Death CHAPTER XXVIII. THE EXECUTION OF THE DUKE OF SOMERSET. having completed FRANCE and England 155 1. their private understanding, special em- 5" bassies on toth sides paraded the friendship before the world. The Marshal St Andre came to London in splen- dour, with a retinue of lords ; Northampton, Goodrick,'' Sir Philip Hoby, and others, carried powers to Paris to arrange a m.arriage between Edward and the Princess Elizabeth.
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