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Whither the Keiretsu, Japan's Business Networks? How Were They Structured? What Did They Do? Why Are They Gone?
IRLE IRLE WORKING PAPER #188-09 September 2009 Whither the Keiretsu, Japan's Business Networks? How Were They Structured? What Did They Do? Why Are They Gone? James R. Lincoln, Masahiro Shimotani Cite as: James R. Lincoln, Masahiro Shimotani. (2009). “Whither the Keiretsu, Japan's Business Networks? How Were They Structured? What Did They Do? Why Are They Gone?” IRLE Working Paper No. 188-09. http://irle.berkeley.edu/workingpapers/188-09.pdf irle.berkeley.edu/workingpapers Institute for Research on Labor and Employment Institute for Research on Labor and Employment Working Paper Series (University of California, Berkeley) Year Paper iirwps-- Whither the Keiretsu, Japan’s Business Networks? How Were They Structured? What Did They Do? Why Are They Gone? James R. Lincoln Masahiro Shimotani University of California, Berkeley Fukui Prefectural University This paper is posted at the eScholarship Repository, University of California. http://repositories.cdlib.org/iir/iirwps/iirwps-188-09 Copyright c 2009 by the authors. WHITHER THE KEIRETSU, JAPAN’S BUSINESS NETWORKS? How were they structured? What did they do? Why are they gone? James R. Lincoln Walter A. Haas School of Business University of California, Berkeley Berkeley, CA 94720 USA ([email protected]) Masahiro Shimotani Faculty of Economics Fukui Prefectural University Fukui City, Japan ([email protected]) 1 INTRODUCTION The title of this volume and the papers that fill it concern business “groups,” a term suggesting an identifiable collection of actors (here, firms) within a clear-cut boundary. The Japanese keiretsu have been described in similar terms, yet compared to business groups in other countries the postwar keiretsu warrant the “group” label least. -
An Introduction to NTT's NGN and New Services in Japan
An introduction to NTT’s NGN and new services in Japan MarchMarch 17,17, 20072007 TadanobuTadanobu OKADAOKADA AssociateAssociate SeniorSenior ViceVice President,President, ExecutiveExecutive DirectorDirector ofof InformatInformationion SharingSharing LaboratoryLaboratory Group,Group, NTTNTT © 2007 1 Outline 1.1. TheThe currentcurrent statusstatus andand futurefuture directiondirection ofof Japan’sJapan’s telecommunicationstelecommunications marketmarket 2. NTT’s plans for the deployment of its NGN 3. Conclusion © 2007 2 Measures taken to prolong the lifetime of NTT’s PSTN facilities • NTT’s PSTN consists of several thousand switches. • Although a then-state-of-art switching system (NS8000) was developed around 10 years ago, the rapid progress in technology since then has resulted in the discontinuation of production of some components used in the system. Currently, we are trying to prolong the lifetime of the switches by re-establishing sources for such components. Migration to more highly integrated LSI that operates with lower voltage power supply NTT Communications 1.8, 2.5V PS Several 0.25µm tens Transit Transit e 3.3V PS 0.35µm Other carriers Other carriers e switch switch r 0.5µm POI g POI e 5V PS 0.6µm d NW between prefectures e ion d 0.8µm u t in a t 1.0µm n co is 1.2µm D Several Transit NTT West NTT East Transit Integr switch switch hundreds 90 95 00 05 Year NW inside a prefecture NW inside a prefecture Several NS8000 thousands Local Local Local Local (developed around 10 years ago) switch switch switch switch © 2007 3 Maturing of IP telephony technology in Japan y IP telephony is spreading from business users (IP-PBX). -
DIRECTV® Universal Remote Control User's Guide
DirecTV-M2081A.qxd 12/22/2004 3:44 PM Page 1 ® DIRECTV® Universal Remote Control User’s Guide DirecTV-M2081A.qxd 12/22/2004 3:44 PM Page 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction . .3 Features and Functions . .4 Key Charts . .4 Installing Batteries . .8 Controlling DIRECTV® Receiver. .9 Programming DIRECTV Remote . .9 Setup Codes for DIRECTV Receivers . .10 Setup Codes for DIRECTV HD Receivers . .10 Setup Codes for DIRECTV DVRs . .10 Programming to Control Your TV. .11 Programming the TV Input Key . .11 Deactivate the TV Input Select Key . .11 Programming Other Component Controls . .12 Manufacturer Codes . .13 Setup Codes for TVs . .13 Setup Codes for VCRs . .16 Setup Codes for DVD Players . .19 Setup Codes for Stereo Receivers . .20 Setup Codes for Stereo Amplifiers . .22 Searching For Your Code in AV1 or AV2 Mode . .23 Verifying The Codes . .23 Changing Volume Lock . .24 Restore Factory Default Settings . .25 Troubleshooting . .26 Repair or Replacement Policy . .27 Additional Information . .28 2 DirecTV-M2081A.qxd 12/22/2004 3:44 PM Page 3 INTRODUCTION Congratulations! You now have an exclusive DIRECTV® Universal Remote Control that will control four components, including a DIRECTV Receiver, TV, and two stereo or video components (e.g 2nd TV, DVD, or stereo). Moreover, its sophisticated technology allows you to consolidate the clutter of your original remote controls into one easy-to-use unit that's packed with features such as: z Four-position slide switch for easy component selection z Code library for popular video and stereo components z Code search to help program control of older or discon- tinued components z Memory protection to ensure you will not have to re- program the remote when the batteries are replaced Before using your DIRECTV Universal Remote Control, you may need to program it to operate with your particular com- ponent. -
CIAJ Profile 2019-2020
CIAJ PROFILE Communications and Information Network Association of Japan 2019-2020 ADDRESS: 6th Fl., Kabutocho Uni-square, 21-7 Kabutocho, Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0026 PHONE: +81 3 5962-3454 COMMU N ICATIONS FAX: +81 3 5962-3455 E-mail: [email protected] URL: https://www.ciaj.or.jp/en/ AND INFORM ATION NETW ORK ASSOCIATION O F JA P A N Who we are CIAJ Management Team (As of September, 2019) Board of Directors Senior Steering Committee Members The Communications and Information Network Association of Japan promotes the further use and advancement of info-communication technologies (ICT), aiming for the robust growth of all industries that provides and/or uses info-communication networks by bringing together diverse industries and Chairman Director Director Nobuhiro Endo Tatsuya Tanaka sharing insights. Through such initiatives, CIAJ has Nobuhiro Endo Koichi Hamada Ryota Kitamura Chairman, Chairman, Chairman, President, Telecommunications NEC Corporation Fujitsu Limited NEC Corporation Anritsu Corporation Carriers the mission of contributing to solving social issues Association (NTT) and realizing an enriching society in Japan as well as a sustainable global community. CIAJ was established in 1948 as a voluntary industry association composed mainly of telecom terminal Director Director Director manufacturers and network infrastructure vendors. In Hideichi Kawasaki Toshiaki Higashihara Kaichiro Sakuma Shuji Nakamura Kunihiko Satoh Chairman, President, October 2009, CIAJ embarked on a new page in its President, Executive Officer, Corporate Adviser, OKI Electric Industry Hitachi, Ltd. Hitachi Kokusai Mitsubishi Research Ricoh Co., Ltd. Co., Ltd. history by becoming a general incorporated Electric Inc. Institute, Inc. association. CIAJ’s diverse regular members include communication network and equipment vendors, telecommunication carriers, service providers and user companies. -
Remote Control Codes
Remote Control Codes 1. While holding down the REMOTE MODE button to which you want to enter a code, press and hold down the [DISPLAY] button until the Remote indicator lights (about 3 seconds). On Integra products, button names are capitalized. For example, “Remote Mode” button and “Display” button. 2. Within 30 seconds, use the number buttons to enter the 5-digit remote control code. The Remote indicator flashes twice. Notes: • Remote control codes cannot be entered for the [RECEIVER] and [ZONE 2] REMOTE MODE buttons. • Only TV remote control codes can be entered for the [TV] REMOTE MODE button. Codes de télécommande 1. Maintenez enfoncé le bouton REMOTE MODE pour lequel vous voulez entrer un code et appuyez sur le bouton [DISPLAY] jusqu’à ce que l’indicateur de télécommande s’allume (environ 3 secondes). 2. Entrez les 5 chiffres du code de télécommande avec les boutons numériques dans les 30 secondes. Le témoin Remote clignote deux fois. Remarque: • Il est impossible d’entrer des codes de télécommande pour les boutons [RECEIVER] et [ZONE 2] REMOTE MODE. • Il est impossible d’entrer d’autres codes de télécommande que des codes de téléviseur pour le bouton [TV] REMOTE MODE. Códigos de control remoto 1. Mientras mantiene pulsado el botón REMOTE MODE en el que desea introducir un código, mantenga pulsado el botón [DISPLAY] hasta que se ilumine el indicador Remoto (unos 3 segundos). 2. En menos de 30 segundos, utilice los botones de número para introducir el código de 5 dígitos para con- trol remoto. El indicador Remote parpadea dos veces. -
Basic Manual Hookup Step1: Choose Your Speaker Layout
SN29402177B_TX-RZ810_BAS_En_1702xx.book 1 ページ 2017年2月9日 木曜日 午後3時33分 > Before start > Hookup > Setup > Playback > Part Names Basic Manual Hookup Step1: Choose your Speaker Layout .......................................3 Step2: Connect the Speakers ..................................................9 Step3: Connect the TV ..........................................................11 Step4: Connect the AV Components .....................................13 Step5: Multi-zone Connection ...............................................16 Step6: Connect Other Cables ................................................19 Setup Step7: Power On & Initial Setup ............................................20 HDMI Setup ...........................................................................21 Playback Basic Playback ......................................................................22 Network Functions .................................................................23 Others ....................................................................................25 Part Names Front Panel ............................................................................27 Display ...................................................................................28 Rear Panel ............................................................................29 Remote Controller .................................................................30 This manual includes information needed when starting up and also instructions for frequently used operations. The "Advanced -
Remote Control Codes
Remote Control Codes DVD VCR/DVR CBL/SAT 1. While holding down the REMOTE MODE button 123 REMOTE MODE GAME/TV AUX1 AUX2 that you want to enter the code, press the DVD VCR STANDBY 456 TAPE TUNER CD [STANDBY] button. CD TV 789 CDR/MD On Integra products, button names are capitalized. For PHONO CABLE +10 0 example, “Remote Mode” button and “Display” button. SAT 2. Use the number buttons to enter the 4-digit remote control code. Note: • Remote control codes cannot be entered for the [RECEIVER] and [DOCK] REMOTE MODE buttons. Codes de télécommande Códigos de control remoto 1. Maintenez enfoncé le bouton REMOTE MODE 1. Mientras mantiuene pulsado el botón REMOTE auquel vous voulez attribuer un code et appuyez sur MODE para el que desea entrar el código, pulse el le bouton [STANDBY]. botón [STANDBY]. 2. Entrez les 4 chiffres du code de télécommande avec 2. Utilice los botones de número para introducir el les boutons numériques. código de 4 dígitos para control remoto. Remarque: Nota: • Il est impossible d’entrer des codes de • Los códigos del control remoto no se pueden entrar télécommande pour les boutons [RECEIVER] et para los botones [RECEIVER] y [DOCK] [DOCK] REMOTE MODE. REMOTE MODE. Codici del telecomando Fernbedienungscodes 1. Mentre tenete premuto il pulsante REMOTE MODE 1. Halten Sie die änderungsbedürftige REMOTE per il quale volete inserire il codice, premete il MODE-Taste gedrückt, während Sie die pulsante [STANDBY]. [STANDBY]-Taste betätigen. 2. Utilizzate i pulsanti numerici per inserire il codice di 2. Geben Sie mit den Zifferntasten den 4-stelligen telecomando a 4 cifre. -
Ht-R390 Ht-R290
Contents AV Receiver Introduction ...................................2 HT-R390 Connections.................................10 HT-R290 Turning On & Basic Operations ......17 Instruction Manual Advanced Operations .................27 Controlling Other Components...38 Appendix......................................44 Thank you for purchasing an Onkyo AV Receiver. Please read this manual thoroughly before making connections and plugging in the unit. Following the instructions in this manual will enable you to obtain optimum performance and listening enjoyment from your new AV Receiver. Please retain this manual for future reference. En Introduction WARNING: WARNING AVIS RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK RISQUE DE CHOC ELECTRIQUE TO REDUCE THE RISK OF FIRE OR ELECTRIC DO NOT OPEN NE PAS OUVRIR SHOCK, DO NOT EXPOSE THIS APPARATUS TO RAIN OR MOISTURE. The lightning flash with arrowhead symbol, within an equilateral triangle, is intended to alert the user to the presence of uninsulated “dangerous voltage” within CAUTION: the product’s enclosure that may be of sufficient TO REDUCE THE RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK, magnitude to constitute a risk of electric shock to DO NOT REMOVE COVER (OR BACK). NO persons. USER-SERVICEABLE PARTS INSIDE. REFER The exclamation point within an equilateral triangle is SERVICING TO QUALIFIED SERVICE intended to alert the user to the presence of important PERSONNEL. operating and maintenance (servicing) instructions in the literature accompanying the appliance. Important Safety Instructions 1. Read these instructions. 15. Damage Requiring Service 2. Keep these instructions. Unplug the apparatus from the wall outlet and refer 3. Heed all warnings. servicing to qualified service personnel under the 4. Follow all instructions. following conditions: 5. Do not use this apparatus near water. A. -
Whither the Keiretsu, Japan's Business Networks? How Were They Structured? What Did They Do? Why Are They Gone?
UC Berkeley Working Paper Series Title Whither the Keiretsu, Japan's Business Networks? How Were They Structured? What Did They Do? Why Are They Gone? Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/00m7d34g Authors Lincoln, James R. Shimotani, Masahiro Publication Date 2009-09-24 eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California WHITHER THE KEIRETSU, JAPAN’S BUSINESS NETWORKS? How were they structured? What did they do? Why are they gone? James R. Lincoln Walter A. Haas School of Business University of California, Berkeley Berkeley, CA 94720 USA ([email protected]) Masahiro Shimotani Faculty of Economics Fukui Prefectural University Fukui City, Japan ([email protected]) 1 INTRODUCTION The title of this volume and the papers that fill it concern business “groups,” a term suggesting an identifiable collection of actors (here, firms) within a clear-cut boundary. The Japanese keiretsu have been described in similar terms, yet compared to business groups in other countries the postwar keiretsu warrant the “group” label least. The prewar progenitor of the keiretsu, the zaibatsu, however, could fairly be described as groups, and, in their relatively sharp boundaries, hierarchical structure, family control, and close ties to the state were structurally similar to business groups elsewhere in the world. With the break-up by the U. S. Occupation of the largest member firms, the purging of their executives, and the outlawing of the holding company structure that held them together, the zaibatsu were transformed into quite different business entities, what we and other literature call “network forms” of organization (Podolny and Page, 1998; Miyajima, 1994). -
Home • Support • Technical Articles • from the Big Screen to the Basement
Home • Support • Technical Articles • From the Big Screen to the Basement From the Big Screen to the Basement When I moved to GA in September 2007, one of my absolute requirements for a house was that it needed a basement. I've had a dream for a long time of having my very own dedicated home theater in my basement. I didn't have a budget for top of the line components or anything fancy, just something that I built myself. The main components I needed for my Home Theater were Receiver, Projector, Speakers, Seating and Video Sources such as a Playstation 3. Fortunately for me, the previous owners had completely finished the basement including a drop tile ceiling. That drop ceiling made it very easy for me to run cables above the ceiling and through walls. When I decide to add something to my setup, I can easily just remove the ceiling tiles and run more cables. If I wasn't fortunate enough to have a drop ceiling previously installed, I likely would have used raceways to run the cables. Another idea to hide cables is to install crown molding around the room and leave a channel inside large enough to run cabling through. Of course there is always the age-old method of removing sections of the drywall and running cables properly through the walls. That sounds like a lot of work and was a bit outside of my skill set. The eventual layout for my theater was fairly straightforward. With the various doors, closets and single window I really only had one choice on where the screen would be located. -
Annual Report
VCCI Council VCCI VCCI Council April2018March 2018 - 2019 ANNUAL REPORT English This publication is printed on an environment-friendly ink. VCCI Council The purpose of this corporate body is to promote, in cooperation with related industries, the Greetings voluntary control of radio disturbances emitted from multimedia equipment (MME) on the one Thank you for your continuing support for the activities of VCCI. hand, and improvement of robustness of MME against radio disturbances on the other hand, so This is a report on our activities in FY 2018. that the interests of Japanese consumers are protected with respect to anxiety-free use of MME. At the world's largest CPS and IoT general exhibition, "CEATEC JAPAN 2018", held in October last year, Japan's growth strategy to achieve "Society 5.0" and its vision for the future were announced to the world based on the theme "Connecting Society, Co-Creating the Future". 5G Description mobile communications system services are planned to finally begin operation in Japan next year, and steady initiatives are underway to make "Society 5.0", a.k.a. a "super-smart society", a reality. Formulate…basic…policies… on… voluntary… control… of… electromagnetic… Hold …measurement…skills…courses…to…prepare…members’…engineers… 1 disturbances…emitted…by…multimedia…equipment 6 for…adequate…conformity…assessment We have high hopes for further developments in the IT and electronics industry, which holds deep ties to VCCI, as a key player in providing a platform for achieving "Society 5.0". By VCCI Council leveraging its growing technological prowess in an increasingly competitive world, the IT and Coordinate… the…interest… of…member… organizations… and…liaise… with… Study…trends…in…overseas…EMC…regulations…and…seek…opportunities… President: 2 the…government…and…related…agencies 7 for…mutual…recognition…agreement electronics industry will help solve a variety of social problems through collaborative creation. -
TX-NR616 Table of Contents
Contents AV RECEIVER Safety Information and Introduction ............2 TX-NR616 Table of Contents...........................................6 Connections .................................................12 Turning On & Basic Operations..................20 Instruction Manual Advanced Operations ..................................47 Controlling Other Components...................72 Appendix.......................................................79 Internet Radio Guide Remote Control Codes En Safety Information and Introduction 9. Do not defeat the safety purpose of the polarized or D. If the apparatus does not operate normally by grounding-type plug. A polarized plug has two blades following the operating instructions. Adjust only WARNING: with one wider than the other. A grounding type plug those controls that are covered by the operating TO REDUCE THE RISK OF FIRE OR ELECTRIC SHOCK, has two blades and a third grounding prong. The wide instructions as an improper adjustment of other DO NOT EXPOSE THIS APPARATUS TO RAIN OR blade or the third prong are provided for your safety. If controls may result in damage and will often MOISTURE. the provided plug does not fit into your outlet, consult require extensive work by a qualified technician to CAUTION: an electrician for replacement of the obsolete outlet. restore the apparatus to its normal operation, TO REDUCE THE RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT 10. Protect the power cord from being walked on or E. If the apparatus has been dropped or damaged in REMOVE COVER (OR BACK). NO USER-SERVICEABLE pinched particularly at plugs, convenience receptacles, any way, and PARTS INSIDE. REFER SERVICING TO QUALIFIED and the point where they exit from the apparatus. F. When the apparatus exhibits a distinct change in SERVICE PERSONNEL. 11. Only use attachments/accessories specified by the performance this indicates a need for service.