WO 2016/077720 Al 19 May 2016 (19.05.2016) P O P C T

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WO 2016/077720 Al 19 May 2016 (19.05.2016) P O P C T (12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2016/077720 Al 19 May 2016 (19.05.2016) P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: Shigui; C/o Protein One, LLC, 15601 Crabbs Branch Way, C12N 15/00 (2006.01) C07K 16/46 (2006.01) Rockville, MD 20855 (US). A61K 39/395 (2006.01) C12N 1/19 (2006.01) (74) Agent: HALLORAN, Patrick, J.; 3 141 Muirfield Road, C07K 16/28 (2006.01) C12P 21/08 (2006.01) Center Valley, PA 18034 (US). C07K 16/30 (2006.01) (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every (21) International Application Number: kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, PCT/US20 15/060622 AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, (22) International Filing Date: BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, 13 November 2015 (13.1 1.2015) DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KN, KP, KR, (25) Filing Language: English KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, (26) Publication Language: English MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, SC, (30) Priority Data: SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, 62/079,635 14 November 2014 (14. 11.2014) US TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW. (71) Applicant: PROTEIN ONE, LLC [US/US]; 15601 (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every Crabbs Branch Way, Rockville, MD 20855 (US). kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, (72) Inventors: YANG, Xiang; C/o Protein One, LLC, 15601 GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, ST, SZ, Crabbs Branch Way, Rockville, MD 20855 (US). ZHU, TZ, UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, [Continued on nextpage] (54) Title: BINDING AGENTS AND USES THEREOF FIGURE 1 BiTE T-cel HLA AGE l l Cancer cell Killed Cancer Cells © v o [Continued on nextpage] o TJ, TM), European (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, Published: DK, EE, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, HR, HU, IE, IS, ΓΓ, LT, — with international search report (Art. 21(3)) LU, LV, MC, MK, MT, NL, NO, PL, PT, RO, RS, SE, SI, SK, SM, TR), OAPI (BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, GQ, GW, KM, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG). (57) Abstract: The technology relates to monoclonal antibodies useful in detecting and / or treating cancer. In some embodiments, binding agents with specificity for at least one tumor antigen and T cell receptors (e.g., human CD3) are provided. In some em bodiments, methods for treating cancer using such binding agents are provided. BINDING AGENTS AND USES THEREOF [001] RELATED APPLICATIONS [002] This application claims priority to U.S. Ser. No. 62/079,635 filed November 14, 2014. [003] FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE [004] The technology relates to monoclonal antibodies useful in the identification of cancer cells, as well as the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. [005] BACKGROUND INFORMATION [006] Patients with metastatic melanoma have a poor prognosis because the survival rate is only 5%. Although IL-2 can mediate complete regressions in 5-10% of patients, complete regressions are rare when using the anti-CTLA4 antibody ipilimumab or PLX4032, an inhibitor of mutated BRAF gene products. The adoptive transfer of human tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) selected for specific tumor reactivity led to objective clinical responses in 50-70% of patients with metastatic melanoma, including complete regressions in approximately 10-40% of patients who were pre-treated with lympho- depleting regimens. Therapies that can be more readily applied to a wider patient population, such as the use of non-selected TIL, are also currently being evaluated. However, the clinical efficacy of TIL generated from histologies other than melanoma has not been demonstrated. [007] Attempts to develop more broadly applicable cancer therapies have focused on genetic modifications that confer autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with the ability to recognize antigens specifically expressed on tumor cells. The first clinical cancer trial to evaluate the efficacy of T cells whose target specificity has been re-directed towards tumor cells was carried out using cells that were genetically modified to express a TCR directed against an HLA-A*0201 restricted epitope of the MART-1 antigen. This molecule is a member of the melanocyte differentiation antigen (MDA) family of antigens that are expressed on 80-90% of melanoma but not other cancer types, and are limited in their expression in normal tissues to melanocytes. In this trial, complete regressions were observed in two out of 17 melanoma patients who received autologous PBMC that were retrovirally transduced with a MART-1-reactive TCR. In a subsequent trial, treatment of patients with autologous PBMC that were transduced either with a second MART-1 reactive TCR or a TCR directed against an HLA-A*0201- restricted epitope of the MDA gp100 lead to objective clinical response rates of 30% and 19%, respectively. The significant skin, eye and ear toxicities observed in this trial, which presumably resulted from responses to the normal melanocytes resident in these tissues, may have been a consequence of the relatively high avidities of these TCRs. [008] A recent report detailed the results of a clinical trial carried out with T cells that were transduced with a TCR that recognized NY-ESO-1, a protein encoded by a member of the cancer/germline family of genes. These genes are expressed in approximately one third of a variety of tumor types that include metastatic melanomas, lung, breast, prostate, bladder, and head and neck cancers, as well as 80% of synovial cell sarcoma, but are limited in their expression in normal adult tissues to the testis. Objective clinical responses were observed in five out of 11 melanoma patients and four out of six synovial cell sarcoma patients treated with a high-avidity TCR directed against an HLA-A*0201 -restricted NY-ESO-1 epitope, supporting the efficacy of adoptive immunotherapy for treatment of patients other than those with melanoma. [009] Binding agents such as antibodies have proven useful in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases such as cancer. Bi-specific antibodies, molecules in which one antibody has been genetically linked to another antibody, have also been used to target T cells to cell surface antigens that are over-expressed on tumors or that are expressed in a highly tissue-specific manner on the tumor cell surface. In contrast to TCR mediated T cell therapy, bi-specific antibodies do not need to be personalized. [0010] There is a need in the field for improved reagents and methods for treating cancer. Such improved reagents and methods are provided by this disclosure. [001 1] SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE [0012] The technology relates to monoclonal antibodies useful in the identification of cancer cells, as well as the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. In one embodiment, mAbs with specificity for tumor antigens are provided. In one embodiment, bi-specific antibodies are provided. In some embodiments, methods for using such binding agents to detecting cancerous cells are provided. In some embodiments, methods for treating cancer using such binding agents are provided. In another embodiment, kits for detecting cancerous cells are provided. [0013] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0014] Figure 1. Exemplary (BiTE) bi-specific antibody system. [0015] Figure 2. Gel filtration FPLC profiles of HLA A 1 reconstitution from recombinant heavy chain and p2-microglobulin with and without peptides (a) MAGE A3: EVDPIGHLY, (b) no peptide. [0016] Figure 3. ELISA with w6/32 showed the right conformation of the refolding proteins. [0017] Figure 4. Staining of tetramer with TCR transfected T cells and positive staining. [0018] Figure 5. ELISA of scFv binding to the antigen complexes. [0019] Figure 6. scFv 8E4 staining 1300A1 cells. [0020] Figure 7. Western blot hybridization of 8EC3 and CD19X3 generated from yeast. [0021] Figure 8. Production of IFNy following linking Cancer Cells with 8EC3. [0022] DETAILED DESCRIPTION [0023] This disclosure relates to binding agents that bind one or more tumor antigens on the surface of cells in vitro and / or in vivo. The binding agents may also bind isolated tumor antigen polypeptides and / or fragments and / or derivatives thereof, typically in vitro. Also provided are methods for using such binding agents to diagnose, treat, prevent and / or ameliorate one or more diseases associated with the existence of cells expressing tumor antigens. For instance, the binding agents may be antibodies (e.g., monoclonal antibodies) that may react with and / or bind to the epitopes of tumor antigens. An exemplary use for the binding agents described herein is the selective targeting and elimination of cells expressing the tumor antigen(s) to which the binding agents bind. In some embodiments, the binding agents may be multi-specific, such as bi-specific, meaning that a single binding agent comprises at least two regions having specificity for different epitopes. The different epitopes may be found on tumor antigens or a tumor antigen and another antigen such as a cell surface receptor. An exemplary cell surface receptor is the T cell receptor (TCR), also known as CD3. Other embodiments, uses and the like are described below. A general illustration of an embodiment of this system is illustrated in Fig. 1. As shown therein, in some embodiments, a bi-specific binding agent having specificity for both TCR (CD3) and tumor antigen (a bi-specific T cell engager or "BiTE") serves to associate a T cell with a tumor cell resulting in killing of the tumor cell by the cell.
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