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Pharmacists Serving Under War Conditions in Northern Norway
PHARMACISTS SERVING UNDER WAR CONDITIONS IN NORTHERN NORWAY Klevstrand, Rolf 2609 Lillehammer, Norway This is a tale of a few pharmacists in three small towns in the northernmost part of Europe during World War Two. The towns were partly destroyed by air raids. This is of course only a small part of the long tale of sufferings during the war. A map of the Northern part of Scandinavia will show the position of the area (Fig. 1). On the map the counties of Norway are marked with different colours, Finnmark, the northernmost in light blue. Fig. 1 Like the rest of Norway Finnmark was occupied by German forces in 1940. When Germany attacked the Soviet Union in June 1941, it became part of an important war zone. The next Fig 2 map (Fig. 2) shows the short distances from the towns Vardø, Vadsø, and Kirkenes to Russia. There were German garrisons in each of them, the largest one in Kirkenes which at times had ten times as many soldiers as the local population. “Festung Kirkenes” was an important supply centre for the forces at the front in northern Russia. This made it an important target for Russian bombers. The town had not less than 328 air raids during the war. Each of the towns had one pharmacy, but there was a shortage of trained pharmacists. In 1940 the government issued a decree concerning the duty to serve for medical personnel. In accordance with this, two recently graduated male pharmacists were ordered to work in the pharmacies of Kirkenes and Vadsø from the beginning of 1944. -
Liquefied Natural Gas Production at Hammerfest: a Transforming Marine Community
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Wageningen University & Research Publications Liquefied natural gas production at Hammerfest: A transforming marine community van Bets, L. K. J., van Tatenhove, J. P. M., & Mol, A. P. J. This article is made publically available in the institutional repository of Wageningen University and Research, under article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, also known as the Amendment Taverne. Article 25fa states that the author of a short scientific work funded either wholly or partially by Dutch public funds is entitled to make that work publicly available for no consideration following a reasonable period of time after the work was first published, provided that clear reference is made to the source of the first publication of the work. For questions regarding the public availability of this article, please contact [email protected]. Please cite this publication as follows: van Bets, L. K. J., van Tatenhove, J. P. M., & Mol, A. P. J. (2016). Liquefied natural gas production at Hammerfest: A transforming marine community. Marine Policy, 69, 52-61. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2016.03.020 You can download the published version at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2016.03.020 Marine Policy 69 (2016) 52–61 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Marine Policy journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/marpol Liquefied natural gas production at Hammerfest: A transforming marine community Linde K.J. van Bets n, Jan P.M. van Tatenhove, Arthur P.J. Mol Environmental Policy Group, Wageningen University, PO Box 8130, 6700 EW Wageningen, The Netherlands article info abstract Article history: Global energy demand and scarce petroleum resources require communities to adapt to a rapidly Received 10 February 2016 changing Arctic environment, but as well to a transforming socio-economic environment instigated by Received in revised form oil and gas development. -
Nornickel and the Kola Peninsula
THE BELLONA FOUNDATION Nornickel and the Kola Peninsula Photo: Thomas Nilsen ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY IN THE YEAR OF ECOLOGY JANUARY 2018 The Bellona Foundation is an international environmental NGO based in Norway. Founded in 1986 as a direct action protest group, Bellona has become a recognized technology and solution- oriented organizations with offices in Oslo, Brussels, Kiev, St. Petersburg and Murmansk. Altogether, some 60 engineers, ecologists, nuclear physicists, economists, lawyers, political scientists and journalists work at Bellona. Environmental change is an enormous challenge. It can only be solved if politicians and legislators develop clear policy frameworks and regulations for industry and consumers. Industry plays a role by developing and commercializing environmentally sound technology. Bellona strives to be a bridge builder between industry and policy makers, working closely with the former to help them respond to environmental challenges in their field, and proposing policy measures that promote new technologies with the least impact on the environment. Authors: Oskar Njaa © Bellona 201 8 Design: Bellona Disclaimer: Bellona endeavors to ensure that the information disclosed in this report is correct and free from copyrights, but does not warrant or assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, interpretation or usefulness of the information which may result from the use of this report. Contact: [email protected] Web page: www.bellona.org 1 Table of Contents 1 Introduction: ...................................................................................................................... -
The Tschudi Group Divests Sydvaranger to Tacora Resources Inc
NEWS RELEASE ______________________________________________________________ FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE The Tschudi Group Divests Sydvaranger to Tacora Resources Inc. OSLO, NORWAY, January 14, 2021 The Tschudi Group today announced that it has completed the sale of Sydvaranger Mining AS and its subsidiaries -Varanger, Norway, to Tacora Resources Inc -based iron ore mining and mineral processing company focused on high-grad iron ore commodities. Tacora recommenced operations after five years closure in June 2019 at the Scully Mine, a 6 million tonne per year iron ore concentrate producer, after its acquisition of the mine in 2017. Sydvaranger operated from 1910 to 1997, and then from 2009 to 2015 producing high grade iron ore concentrate, with an iron content of 68%, for pelletizing operations. The Tschudi Group, a Norwegian shipping and logistics company, has been involved with the Sydvaranger Mine since 2006. In 2016, the Tschudi Group re-acquired the Sydvaranger assets and has since focused its activities on completing a feasibility study and preparing ore concentrate has significant environmental and cost benefits for steel producers and pelletizing operations, including increased blast furnace productivity, reduced slag volumes, lower CO2 emissions per tonne of steel produced and reduced energy requirements for pelletizing, amongst others. The recent Definitive Feasibility Study confirmed a potential for a 4 million tonne pear year iron ore concentrate production. welcome Tacora as the new owners of Sydvaranger. Since 2016, the Tschudi Group has sought to provide Sydvaranger with the financial and operational capabilities to enable a restart of the mining operations. By introducing Orion Mine Finance as a financial partner in 2018 and by now combining Sydvaranger with the operationally experienced Tacora team, we believe Sydvaranger is in an excellent position to succeed with a restart. -
RCN #33 21/8/03 13:57 Page 1
RCN #33 21/8/03 13:57 Page 1 No. 33 Summer 2003 Special issue: The Transformation of Protected Areas in Russia A Ten-Year Review PROMOTING BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION IN RUSSIA AND THROUGHOUT NORTHERN EURASIA RCN #33 21/8/03 13:57 Page 2 CONTENTS CONTENTS Voice from the Wild (Letter from the Editors)......................................1 Ten Years of Teaching and Learning in Bolshaya Kokshaga Zapovednik ...............................................................24 BY WAY OF AN INTRODUCTION The Formation of Regional Associations A Brief History of Modern Russian Nature Reserves..........................2 of Protected Areas........................................................................................................27 A Glossary of Russian Protected Areas...........................................................3 The Growth of Regional Nature Protection: A Case Study from the Orlovskaya Oblast ..............................................29 THE PAST TEN YEARS: Making Friends beyond Boundaries.............................................................30 TRENDS AND CASE STUDIES A Spotlight on Kerzhensky Zapovednik...................................................32 Geographic Development ........................................................................................5 Ecotourism in Protected Areas: Problems and Possibilities......34 Legal Developments in Nature Protection.................................................7 A LOOK TO THE FUTURE Financing Zapovedniks ...........................................................................................10 -
A Spatial Study of Geo-Economic Risk Exposure of Russia's Arctic Mono-Towns with Commodity Export-Based Economy
Journal of Geography and Geology; Vol. 6, No. 1; 2014 ISSN 1916-9779 E-ISSN 1916-9787 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education A Spatial Study of Geo-Economic Risk Exposure of Russia’s Arctic Mono-Towns with Commodity Export-Based Economy Anatoly Anokhin1, Sergey Kuznetsov2 & Stanislav Lachininskii1 1 Department of Economic & Social Geography, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia 2 Institute of Regional Economy of RAS, Russian Academy of Science, Saint-Petersburg, Russia Correspondence: Stanislav Lachininskii, Department of Economic & Social Geography, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia. Tel: 7-812-323-4089. E-mail: [email protected] Received: December 30, 2013 Accepted: January 14, 2014 Online Published: January 16, 2014 doi:10.5539/jgg.v6n1p38 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jgg.v6n1p38 Abstract In the context of stagnating global economy mono-towns of Arctic Russia are especially exposed to uncertainty in their socio-economic development. Resource orientation of economy that formed in the 20th century entails considerable geo-economical risk exposure both for the towns and their population as well as for Russia's specific regions. In the 1990–2000s Russia’s Arctic regions were exposed to a systemic crisis which stemmed from production decline, out-migration, capital asset obsolescence, depletion of mineral resources and environmental crisis. This spatial study of geo-economic risk exposure of Russia’s Arctic mono-towns with commodity export-based economy was conducted at four dimensions - global, macro-regional, regional and local. The study of the five types of geo-economic risks was based on the existing approach, economic and socio-demographic risks being the most critical for the towns under consideration. -
Argus Nefte Transport
Argus Nefte Transport Oil transportation logistics in the former Soviet Union Volume XVI, 5, May 2017 Primorsk loads first 100,000t diesel cargo Russia’s main outlet for 10ppm diesel exports, the Baltic port of Primorsk, shipped a 100,000t cargo for the first time this month. The diesel was loaded on 4 May on the 113,300t Dong-A Thetis, owned by the South Korean shipping company Dong-A Tanker. The 100,000t cargo of Rosneft product was sold to trading company Vitol for delivery to the Amsterdam-Rotter- dam-Antwerp region, a market participant says. The Dong-A Thetis was loaded at Russian pipeline crude exports berth 3 or 4 — which can handle crude and diesel following a recent upgrade, and mn b/d can accommodate 90,000-150,000t vessels with 15.5m draught. 6.0 Transit crude Russian crude It remains unclear whether larger loadings at Primorsk will become a regular 5.0 occurrence. “Smaller 50,000-60,000t cargoes are more popular and the terminal 4.0 does not always have the opportunity to stockpile larger quantities of diesel for 3.0 export,” a source familiar with operations at the outlet says. But the loading is significant considering the planned 10mn t/yr capacity 2.0 addition to the 15mn t/yr Sever diesel pipeline by 2018. Expansion to 25mn t/yr 1.0 will enable Transneft to divert more diesel to its pipeline system from ports in 0.0 Apr Jul Oct Jan Apr the Baltic states, in particular from the pipeline to the Latvian port of Ventspils. -
ALTA – City of the Northern Lights
Alta Cruise Port Events: Alta Soul & Blues Festival, May, - Norwegian National Day, 17. May - Midsummer Night, 23 June. Cruising season: All year. Midnight sun: 16 Mai – 26 July. Northern Lights: September - April. Dark season: 24 November – 18 January. Average temperature: May: 5, June: 10,5, July:14, August: 12,5 Useful links: www.visitalta.no, www.altahavn.no, www.finnmark.com Destination Alta | page 58 Alta Destination Alta Canyon - Sautso. Photo: Henriette Bismo Eilertsen Midsummer night. Photo: Paul Nilsen Cavzo Safari. Photo: Stefan Sanne Gargia Fjelstue: Maze and Cavzo Safari: Karasjok. Visit the Sami Theme Park with a guide Duration: 4 hours. Duration: 4-5 hours. who can tell you all the good stories. ATV/Quad – Safari- Experience the fabulous Alta A genuine Sami village. Here you can have a Duration: 10 hours 59 scenery. On this exclusive trip you can se the unique nature experience on the river boats to Finnmarksplateau and experience the beauty and the Alta Dam, or on a shorter trip over to the old Snowmobile Tour: wilderness. church. You will also get the Sami experience Duration: 4 hours. in Maze when the local host tells you about the (January – April) Try to drive you own Hunting for the Aurora Borealis: Sami way of life and their history. Bidos ( sami snowmobile. A professional, experienced Duration: 2 hours. traditional food) is served in the lavvo. guide will take care of your comfort and (January – April) Follow your guide who will safety throughout the entire trip. Good winter help you hunt for the Northern Lights. Enjoy the Northern Delights: equipment to keep you warm and good. -
Snøhvit – Wider Impacts from the LNG Process Plant at Hammerfest Trond Nilsen, Senior Researcher Norut Alta Norway
Snøhvit – Wider impacts from the LNG process plant at Hammerfest Trond Nilsen, Senior Researcher Norut Alta Norway The 5th Concept Symposium on Project Governance Valuing the Future - Public Investments and Social Return 20. – 21. September 2012 Symposium web-site: http://www.conceptsymposium.no/ Concept Research Programme: http://www.concept.ntnu.no/english/ Snøhvit ‐ Wider impacts from the LNG‐process plant in Hammerfest Resource peripheries and global production networks Trond Nilsen, Ph.D. Norut Alta This presentation leans on primary data • Trail research project for the Snøhvit Construction Phase (2003‐2008) • Trail research project for the Goliat Construction Phase and Early Operation Phase –started (2010‐2015) • Study of ripple effects in five regions, for Ministry of Petroleum and Energy (august 2012) These research projects are performed by Norut ‐Northern Research Institute, Alta. The TRP for Snøhvit was led by a steering committee with representatives for the operator Statoil, Hammerfest municipality and Finnmark county municipality. The TRP for Goliat is led by a steering committee with representatives for the operator Eni, Hammerfest municipality, Finnmark county municipality, The county Governor of Finnmark. The Snøhvit project • Development of the Snøhvit and two other gas fields in the Barents Sea at 250‐350 m water depth, 140 km north‐west of Hammerfest • Remote controlled Subsea production system on the seabed • Pipeline to shore, feeding a land based LNG plant at Melkøya Island at the shipping channel entrance into Hammerfest City • Capture and reinjection of Carbon dioxide from the wellstream • Shipping by LNG vessels (Asia, Spain, France etc.). Operator: Statoil AS Construction Phase 2002‐07 Came on stream late 2007. -
The Industrial North.Pdf
RISK AND SAFETY INDUSTRIAL NORTH NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENT Risk and Safety Industrial North Nuclear Technologies and Environment Moscow 2004 The Industrial North. Nuclear Technologies and Environment. — Moscow, «Komtechprint» Publishing House, 2004, 40 p. ISBN 5-89107-053-7 The edition addresses specialists of the legislative /executive authorities and those of local government of the north-west region; activists of public environmental movements; and teachers and students of higher educa- tion institutes as well as all those who are interested in the problems of stable development of the Russian North. This document is prepared by the Nuclear Safety Institute (IBRAE RAS) under work sponsored by the United States Department of Energy. Neither the United States Government, nor any agency thereof including the U.S. Department of Energy and any and all employees of the U.S. Government, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or use- fulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe upon privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific entity, product, process, or service by name, trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not neces- sarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the U.S. Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the U.S. Government or any agency thereof. ISBN 5-89107-053-7 Ó IBRAE RAS, 2004 Ó«Komtechprint», 2004 (Design) INTRODUCTION Industrialization of the majority of Russian regions took part of the brochure is dedicated to the forecast, preven- place during an era when environmental safety was not tion and mitigation of nuclear/radiological emergencies. -
The Impact of a Nickel-Copper Smelter on Concentrations of Toxic Elements in Local Wild Food from the Norwegian, Finnish, and Russian Border Regions
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Article The Impact of a Nickel-Copper Smelter on Concentrations of Toxic Elements in Local Wild Food from the Norwegian, Finnish, and Russian Border Regions Martine D. Hansen 1,*, Therese H. Nøst 1,2, Eldbjørg S. Heimstad 2, Anita Evenset 3,4, Alexey A. Dudarev 5, Arja Rautio 6, Päivi Myllynen 7, Eugenia V. Dushkina 5, Marta Jagodic 8, Guttorm N. Christensen 3, Erik E. Anda 1, Magritt Brustad 1 and Torkjel M. Sandanger 1,2 1 Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037 Tromsø, Norway; [email protected] (T.H.N.); [email protected] (E.E.A.); [email protected] (M.B.); [email protected] (T.M.S.) 2 NILU—Norwegian Institute for Air Research, The Fram Centre, NO-9296 Tromsø, Norway; [email protected] 3 Akvaplan-niva, The Fram Centre, NO-9296 Tromsø, Norway; [email protected] (A.E.); [email protected] (G.N.C.) 4 Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037 Tromsø, Norway 5 Hygiene Department, Northwest Public Health Research Centre (NWPHRC), St. Petersburg 191036, Russia; [email protected] (A.A.D.); [email protected] (E.V.D.) 6 Arctic Health, Faculty of Medicine and Thule Institute, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; arja.rautio@oulu.fi 7 Northern Laboratory Centre NordLab, FI-90220 Oulu, Finland; paivi.myllynen@nordlab.fi 8 Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +47-776-44-821 Academic Editor: Helena Solo-Gabriele Received: 12 May 2017; Accepted: 23 June 2017; Published: 28 June 2017 Abstract: Toxic elements emitted from the Pechenganickel complex on the Kola Peninsula have caused concern about potential effects on local wild food in the border regions between Norway, Finland and Russia. -
Subject of the Russian Federation)
How to use the Atlas The Atlas has two map sections The Main Section shows the location of Russia’s intact forest landscapes. The Thematic Section shows their tree species composition in two different ways. The legend is placed at the beginning of each set of maps. If you are looking for an area near a town or village Go to the Index on page 153 and find the alphabetical list of settlements by English name. The Cyrillic name is also given along with the map page number and coordinates (latitude and longitude) where it can be found. Capitals of regions and districts (raiony) are listed along with many other settlements, but only in the vicinity of intact forest landscapes. The reader should not expect to see a city like Moscow listed. Villages that are insufficiently known or very small are not listed and appear on the map only as nameless dots. If you are looking for an administrative region Go to the Index on page 185 and find the list of administrative regions. The numbers refer to the map on the inside back cover. Having found the region on this map, the reader will know which index map to use to search further. If you are looking for the big picture Go to the overview map on page 35. This map shows all of Russia’s Intact Forest Landscapes, along with the borders and Roman numerals of the five index maps. If you are looking for a certain part of Russia Find the appropriate index map. These show the borders of the detailed maps for different parts of the country.