remote sensing Article Dynamic Pluvial Flash Flooding Hazard Forecast Using Weather Radar Data Petr Rapant 1,* and Jaromír Kolejka 2 1 Department of Geoinformatics, Faculty of Mining and Geology, VŠB—Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15/2172, 708 00 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic 2 Institute of Geonics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Drobneho 28, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
[email protected] * Correspondence:
[email protected] Abstract: Pluvial flash floods are among the most dangerous weather-triggered disasters, usually affecting watersheds smaller than 100 km2, with a short time to peak discharge (from a few minutes to a few hours) after causative rainfall. Several warning systems in the world try to use this time lag to predict the location, extent, intensity, and time of flash flooding. They are based on numerical hydrological models processing data collected by on-ground monitoring networks, weather radars, and precipitation nowcasting. However, there may be areas covered by weather radar data, in which the network of ground-based precipitation stations is not sufficiently developed or does not even exist (e.g., in an area covered by portable weather radar). We developed a method usable for designing an early warning system based on a different philosophy for such a situation. This method uses weather radar data as a 2D signal carrying information on the current precipitation distribution over the monitored area, and data on the watershed and drainage network in the area. The method transforms (concentrates) the 2D signal on precipitation distribution into a 1D signal Citation: Rapant, P.; Kolejka, J. carrying information on potential runoff distribution along the drainage network.