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A Superconducting Shield to Protect Astronauts

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A Superconducting Shield to Protect Astronauts Issue No. 32-33/2015 - Monday 3 August 2015 CERN Bulletin More articles at: http://bulletin.cern.ch A SUPERCONDUCTING SHIELD TO PROTECT ASTRONAUTS The CERN Superconductors team in the Technology department is involved in the European HOT NEWS FROM HOME AND ABROAD Space Radiation Superconducting Shield (SR2S) project, which aims to demonstrate the feasibility of using superconducting magnetic shielding technology to protect The heatwave affecting many parts of astronauts from cosmic radiation in the space environment. The material that will be used Europe has been often in the news this in the superconductor coils on which the project is working is magnesium diboride (MgB ), summer, but we’ve also had plenty of “hot 2 news” at CERN, in particular regarding the the same type of conductor developed in the form of wire for CERN for the LHC High Luminosity LHC and the experiments. Cold Powering project. (Continued on page 2) In this issue NEWS A superconducting shield to protect astronauts 1 Hot news from home and abroad 1 LHC Report: machine development 3 CERN’s Summer of Rock 3 Area of turbulence 5 Microcosm reloaded! 7 Family reunion for the UA2 calorimeter 7 Image : K. Anthony/CERN. CERN software developers gathering in September 8 Back in April 2014, the CERN Superconductors and long-distance power transportation. Rock stars for the day 9 Kids explore CERN’s universe 9 team announced a world-record current Now, the MgB2 superconductor has found in an electrical transmission line using another application: it will soon be tested Computer Security 10 Official news 10 cables made of the MgB2 superconductor. in a prototype coil that could provide the This result proved that the technology solution to ensure safe trips for astronauts Take note 11 Seminars 12 could be used in the form of wire and could during deep-space missions. The idea is to be a viable solution for both electrical create an active magnetic field to shield transmission for accelerator technology the spacecraft from high-energy cosmic (Continued on page 2) Published by: CERN-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland Tel. + 41 22 767 35 86 Printed by: CERN Printshop © 2015 CERN - ISSN: Printed version: 2077-950X Electronic version: 2077-9518 A word from the DG (Continued from page 1) LHC REPORT: MACHINE DEVELOPMENT HOT NEWS FROM HOME AND ABROAD Machine development weeks are carefully planned in the LHC operation schedule to optimise points. These topics will be addressed in There’s been great excitement everywhere It’s also already provided sufficient data for The conference also revealed a clear trend and further study the performance of the machine. The first machine development session future MD weeks to pave the way towards about the restart of the LHC. However, we the first publication to come out of Run 2. towards further exploiting the synergies higher luminosities in Run 2. should not forget just how much work was between particle physics and cosmology. of Run 2 ended on Saturday, 25 July. Despite various hiccoughs, it allowed the operators to done during the long shutdown, and that This was big news at the first of the year’s The two disciplines investigate two make great strides towards improving the long-term performance of the LHC. For the first time, operators were able to in many ways it’s like starting up a new major international particle-physics fundamental scalar fields, which appear perform the beam-size squeeze during the machine, with all the surprises that can conferences, the 2015 European Physical similar and may even be connected. The main goals of this first machine 8 hours earlier than planned. However, the energy ramp. This opens up the possibility bring. This year, the LHC has already run Society Conference on High Energy Physics These are the field associated with the development (MD) week were to determine time with beam was effective in terms of the of saving up to 10 minutes per fill in a slightly at the record-breaking collision energy of (EPS-HEP2015), which took place recently Brout–Englert–Higgs mechanism in the minimum beam-spot size at the results achieved. A large set of instruments more ambitious configuration than that 13 TeV and now we’re seeing the careful, in Vienna. Status reports on the LHC, particle physics, and one that is linked to interaction points given existing optics and were developed or tested, including high- tested last week. Results on higher bunch step-by-step procedure to increase the ATLAS and CMS all figured in the main a period of extremely rapid expansion, collimation constraints; to test new beam resolution beam position monitors (DOROS), populations require careful analysis of the beam intensity. The aim, as it always plenary sessions – and were very positively or “inflation”, in the very early Universe. instrumentation; to evaluate the effectiveness robust beam current monitors and two collected beam data. These will soon be was, is to have the collider up to its full received. They included the first results at of performing part of the beam-squeezing systems to examine the frequency content of available in detailed reports to be published performance by the end of the year, so that 13 TeV, with spectacular events that show Back at CERN, the latest news concerns more process during the energy ramp; and to the beam. as LHC MD notes. we can then embark on three years full of explore the limits on the number of protons physics. the power of the energy increase. It’s clear than the LHC. I am pleased to announce from the conference that all eyes are on that as from today - 31 July - Pakistan is an per bunch arising from the electromagnetic Thanks to the MD studies, the beam sizes at At the end of the MD period, the LHC went interactions with the accelerator environment the two high-luminosity interaction points into its second scrubbing run, a two-week Nevertheless, the LHC experiments already Run 2; not only particle physicists, but Associate Member State of CERN. Official the physics community at large is eagerly notification that Pakistan has ratified the and the other beam. (where the ATLAS and CMS detectors are period that aims to prepare the machine fully have 100 times more data than they did at installed) were reduced by a factor of 1.4. The around the same time after the machine awaiting the more significant amount of Association Agreement arrived through for operation with 25-nanosecond bunch Unfortunately, a series of events reduced the corresponding machine optics were finely first started up at a collision energy of 7 TeV data that is to come. In the meantime, the diplomatic channels this morning. I am spacing, planned for the first weeks of August. machine availability for studies to about 50%. tuned to be ready for high-intensity beams. in 2010. This has allowed the experiments final harvest from Run 1 continues, and certain that you will join me in welcoming The most critical issue was the recurrent trip However, before these optics can be used to renew their acquaintance with many “old can still provide exciting results, as LHCb’s Pakistan as an Associate Member State. We would like to take this opportunity to thank of a sextupolar corrector circuit – a circuit in operation, further studies are mandatory friends” among the fundamental particles discovery of a new class of particles, the all the MD teams, system experts, management, with 154 small sextupole magnets used to to understand and validate other important and processes of the Standard Model. pentaquarks, has amply demonstrated. Rolf Heuer operators and physics experiments involved correct errors in the main dipoles – in arc parameters, including the machine aperture, during the MDs for their high flexibility, 7-8 at high energy. This problem resulted in new collimator settings, a reduced crossing dedication and endurance. the cancellation of the last test runs at high angle and, possibly, non-linear corrections in energy and the MD session stopping some the quadrupole triplets next to the interaction Rogelio Tomás García for the LHC team A SUPERCONDUCTING SHIELD (Continued from page 1) TO PROTECT ASTRONAUTS CERN’S SUMMER OF ROCK particles. “In the framework of this project, During long-duration trips in space and in There are many more challenges to overcome CERN is testing MgB2 tape in a configuration the absence of the magnetosphere that before a spacecraft shield can be built: various that has specifically been developed for the protects people living on Earth, astronauts possible magnetic configurations need to be When a rock star visits CERN, they don’t just bring their entourage with them. Along for SR2S project by Columbus Superconductors,” are bombarded with high-energy cosmic tested and compared and other key enabling explains Amalia Ballarino, Superconductors rays that might cause a significant increase technologies need to be developed. But the ride are legions of fans across the world – many of whom may not be the typical CERN audience. In July alone, four big acts paid CERN a visit, sharing their experience with the and Superconducting Devices section leader. in the probability of various types of cancers. the MgB2 superconductor seems to be very Because of this, exploration missions to Mars well-placed to take part in this challenging world: Scorpions, The Script, Kings of Leon and Patti Smith. “In the framework of the project, we will or other distant destinations will only become adventure as, among its many advantages, test, in the coming months, a racetrack coil realistically possible if an effective solution for there is also its ability to operate at higher wound with an MgB2 superconducting tape,” adequately shielding astronauts is found.
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