Ancient Greek Portrait Suclpture: Contexts, Subjects, and Styles Sheila Dillon Index More Information

Cambridge University Press 0521854989 - Ancient Greek Portrait Suclpture: Contexts, Subjects, and Styles Sheila Dillon Index More information

INDEX

Aeschines, 7, 44, 45, 49, 50, 61–62, 74, 90, Athens, portraits of philosophers in, 104, Body type, philosophic, 116 93, 100, 110–111 106 Body types on Classical and Hellenistic Aeschylus, 8, 11, 102, 104, 171 Athens, portraits of poets in, 102, 104, 106 gravestones, 11, 62–63, 66–67, Alcibiades, 7, 34, 40 Athens, portraiture’s development in, 11, 74–75, 77 Alcibiades-Philip Type (cat. A4), 80–81 65, 98, 100, 101–102 Bronze, 2, 6, 62 Alexandria, 39–40, 104 Athens, public honoriﬁc portraits, 102 Bust, 11, 33 Anacreon, 8, 11, 41, 49, 50, 51, 113 Athens, private votive portraits, 105–106 Antikythera “philosopher,” 67, 116 Athens, retrospective portraits, 104 Capitoline “Cynic,” 115, 116 Antisthenes, 49, 50, 51, 65, 86, 113, 116 Athens, sculpture workshops and Capitoline-Getty Old Poet with Fillet Aphrodisias, 34 portraiture, 11, 65, 100 (cat. A28), 119 Appearance and style of Greek portraits vs. Attic document reliefs, 108 Carneades, 11, 20, 29, 95–98, 106, 113, Roman portraits, 4 Attributes of portrait statues 115, 116 Appius Saufeius, friend of Cicero, 31 chlamys (military cloak), 109 Chabrias, 49, 50, 51, 102, 107 Aranjuez-Naples-Louvre Type (cat. A21), cushion, 123 Chilon, 51 118 ﬁllet, 86–88, 123, 124 Chlamys (military cloak). See Attributes Aranjuez-Vatican Theophrastus Type (cat. helmet, 107, 109–110 Chronology, portraits and grave reliefs, 63, A26), 80 kithara or lyre, 119, 123, 124 64–65 Archelaos relief, 105 scroll, 107, 114 Chrysippus, 11, 28, 29, 40, 65, 95, 106, Archidamos III?, 44, 55, 107, 110 shield, 107, 108, 109 113–115 Archytas, 49, 51, 53 ship akrostolion, 107 Cicero as collector, 30–31, 39 Aristogeiton. See Tyrannicides spear, 107, 109 Cleon, 61 Aristotle, 2, 11, 34, 39, 40, 99, 106, 113, staff or stick, 67, 68, 70, 72, 73 Contexts of Greek portraits, Hellenistic, 115, 118 sword, 70, 107 39–40 Arm-sling statue format, 62, 74. See also Contexts of Greek portraits in Rome, Statue Format, arm-sling Bacchylides, 49, 51, 53 40–41 Arundel “Homer,” 75–76 Beard Contexts of Greek portraits, Roman villas, Astydamas (poet), 102, 123 beard of mature male, 1–10, 63, 67, 2, 4, 15, 39, 41–54 Athenian subjects represented in Roman 68–70, 72, 73, 78, 100, 106–107, Copenhagen-Capitoline Type with Toupee portrait herms, 53, 56 109, 112 (cat. A24), 118–119 Athens, portrait statues in, 11, 29, 101–106 beard of older men, 10, 63, 67–68, 70, Copenhagen-Florence-Liverpool Type Academy, 31, 104, 106 72 (cat. A6), 86 Acropolis, 8, 101, 102, 104, 105–106, long and well-kempt, 67–68, 72–73, 78, Copenhagen-Getty Poet with Fillet 109 80–86, 112, 114, 118 (cat. A27), 119 Agora, 101, 102–103, 104, 105, 106, short or stubbly (military style?), 69–70, Costume 123 72, 80–86, 194 “heroic” nudity, 109 Gymnasium of Ptolemy, 106 unkempt, 1–10, 73, 86, 114, 116 himation or Greek mantle alone, 25–36, Kerameikos, 106 beardless or clean-shaven appearance, 62, 66, 68, 70, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, Lyceum, 31, 104, 106 10, 66, 73–74, 88–90, 119 95, 111–112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 124 Olympieion, 106 beard as sign of Hellenistic philosopher, himation with tunic, 25, 66, 72, 74, 75, Pompeion, 104 10, 73–74, 76, 112, 114, 115, 178 98, 110–112, 116, 119 Theater of Dionysus, 6, 8, 102, 104, 123, Bergemann, J., 10, 67, 174 military, 70, 74 124, 174 Berlin-Copenhagen-Munich Eudoxos Type cuirass (hoplite armor), 70, 107–108 Athens, portraits of generals in, 102–104 (cat. A15), 86 short tunic (chiton) and chlamys, 70, Athens, portraits of orator-politicians in, Berlin-Lateran Type (cat. A30), 86 107–108 102–104, 106 Bias, 51 Crates Type (cat. A18), 44, 45, 86, 116

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INDEX

Cushion. See Attributes Habicht, C., 112 Mature male, representation of, 10, 63, 66, Cynic philosophers, iconography, 116 Hairstyles, 1–10, 63, 67, 68–69, 70, 72–73, 67–70, 72, 77–86, 95, 100, 78, 79, 80, 86, 114, 118 106–107, 109, 110, 111–112 Dating Roman versions, difficulty in, balding, bald, 10, 70, 72, 73, 80–86, Materials used for portrait copies, 25–28 48–49 114, 116, 118, 124 Menander, 2, 4, 11, 12, 16, 29, 34, 36, 49, Delphi “philosopher,” 5, 74, 112, 118 long and unkempt, 86, 88, 90, 116 54, 65, 78, 88, 102, 113, 119, 174, Demades (orator-politician), 102, 107 receding, 10, 69, 70, 72, 79, 86, 88, 118, 179 Demetrios of Phaleron, 65, 102–103, 178 Methods of reproduction, Roman copies, 104 short, close-cropped, 1–10, 63, 67, 25–28 Demochares (orator-politician), 104, 68–69, 70, 72 Metrodorus, 5, 11, 28, 113, 115 107 Hallett, C., 109 “Middling” citizen, image of, 78 Demos, representation of, 71–72 Harmodios. See Tyrannicides Moreno, P., 104 Demosthenes, 2, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 29, 34, Herculanuem. See Villa of the Papyri Munich-Vatican Type (cat. A22), 80 36, 41–42, 45, 55, 62, 65, 75–76, Helmet. See Attributes 104, 107, 112, 113, 118, 126 Herm, 4, 30, 31–33 Named Greek portraits, list, 11, 174 Development. See Stylistic Herm, double, 33 Naples-Rome Old Man with Matted Beard Diogenes, 49, 51, 53 Hermarchus, 11, 24–25, 42, 45, 50, 51, 53, Type (cat. A19), 1, 86, 116 Diomedes (poet), 102 55, 113, 115 Naples-Rome Type (cat. A23), 86, 118 Dionysios (poet), 102 Hermarchus Type B (cat. A1), 4, 24–25, 32, New York-Rome-Caesarea Type (cat. A11), Dioskurides of Delos, 62, 74 78, 112, 118 4, 17–20, 118 Diphilos, 5 Himation or Greek mantle. See Costume negotium, 48 Diphilos Type (cat. A12), 5, 80 Hipponax, so-called, 86–88, 124 Neudecker, R., 48, 55 Display formats of Greek portraits in Homer, 2, 8, 12, 29, 40, 54, 79, 104–105, Nikokles (kitharode), 102 Roman villas, 3, 30–36 106, 113 Drilled eyes, 2, 24 Homer, Apollonius of Tyana Type, 125 Old age or old man, representation of, 10, Homer, Hellenistic Blind Type, 4, 28, 86, 63, 67–68, 70–73, 86 Ennius-Vergil New Comedy Poet Type 95, 116, 124, 174 Olympiodorus, 11, 86, 90, 100, 103–104, (cat. A10), 90, 119 Hypereides, 65, 104, 112 110, 112, 113, 125 Epicurean philosopher, iconography, 115 Hypereides Type (cat. A7), 112 Orator-politicians, honorific statues of. See Epicurean self-presentation, 114–115 Athens Epicurus, 2, 8, 11, 29, 34, 41, 42, 45, 55, Identifying Greek subjects, 3–4, 9–10, otium, 48 106, 113–115 51 Oxford-Florence-Vatican Type (cat. A16), Eponymous Heroes Ilissos Stele, 72 80 Agora monument, 71–72, 77 Inscribed names, 3–4, 29, 54–55, 56 Parthenon Frieze, 71–72 Inset bust format, 36 Pandermalis, D., 48 Esquiline Hill, portraits from, 41 Intellectual as “good citizen,” 61–62, 86, Panyassis, 41, 44, 45, 55, 113 Ethical qualities of physical appearance, 100, 113, 115, 126, 198 Parmenides, 28, 30 61–62 Interpretive aims and methods, 5, 62 “Pastoret” head, identified as the general Eupolis, 206 n.156 Invented portraits, 30 Konon, 109 Euripides, 6, 8, 11, 29, 99, 102, 104, 113, Iphikrates, 102, 105 Pausanias (Spartan general), 5 124, 125 Isocrates, 11, 106 Peisistratos, 50, 51, 53 Euripides, Rieti-Type (cat. A5), 86 Pergamon, Greek portraits in library, 40 Kallias, 104 Periander, 51 Figure types, gravestones, 66–67 Kallias of Sphettos, 104 Pericles, 11, 50, 51, 53, 55, 109, 177 Fillet. See Attributes Kallisthenes (historian), 40 Peripatetic philosopher, iconography, Fittschen, K., 5, 36, 75–76, 88–90, 102 Kallithea Monument, Piraeus Museum, 62, 118 Footed herm bases, 53 67 Phaidros, herm portrait of, 31 Footwear, 70, 72 Keesling, C., 102, 105 Pheidias, 28, 30, 50, 51, 53, 54, 55 Format of Roman copies, full-length statue, Kephisodotos and Timarchos (sculptors), Philippides (poet), 104, 119 34 102 Philitas of Kos (poet), 93, 105 Frattochie, herm from Roman villa, 55 Kithara or lyre. See Attributes Philosopher iconography, 1, 25–36, 74, Funerary portraiture, 62, 63, 64, 78–79, 98 Kleoboulos, 51 112, 113, 115–116 Kolotes-Lycurgus Type (cat. A3), 78, Philosophers, honorific statues of. See 112 Athens Galleria Colonna-Vatican Type (cat. A25), Konon and Evagoras, statues in Agora, Phocion, 102–103 80 101, 102, 105 Pindar, 5, 34, 51, 53, 55, 113, 123, 125, General or military leader, iconography of, Konon and Timotheos, statues on 173, 178 81–86 Acropolis, 105 Pittacus, 50, 51, 55 Gesture, 61, 75–76 Kos “Hippokrates,” 5, 62, 74, 95–98, 112, Plato, 7, 11, 39, 50, 51, 55, 69, 79, 99, 106, Getty-Woburn Abbey Type (cat. A29), 118 113, 115 20–24, 86 Kosmetai, 4, 31 Pliny, 6 (HN, 35.153), 8 (HN, 35.153), 16 Gorgias, 67, 106 Krumeich, R., 109 (HN, 35.155), 30 (HN, 35.9), 138 Gravestones, as important source of (HN, 35.12), 39 (HN, 35.9–11), 40 evidence, 4, 6, 8, 10, 11, 29, 62 Literary evidence for portraits, importance (HN, 34.92), 41 (HN, 35.4–5), 80 Gravestones, age categories, 67, 68–73 of, 2, 5 (HN, 7.8), 61 (HN, 7.8), 31 (HN, Gravestones, costumes on, 62, 70, 74 Lucullus, Greek statues in his villa, 41 33.83), 32 (HN, 34.74), 36 (HN, civic costume, 111 Lycurgus, 6, 50, 51, 53, 78, 102, 112 35.106) military costume, 107–109 Lykon (philosopher), 106 Poets, cult of, 105 Gravestones, head types on, 6, 10, 66, Lysistratos (sculptor), 5–6, 8 Poetic “enthusiasmos,” expression of, 124 67–73, 77, 86, 88, 194, 196 Poet iconography, 25, 81, 86–88, 90, 123, Gravestones, Classical, 65–66 Marble, 2, 62 124 Gravestones, Hellenistic, 66 Mattusch, C., 6, 64, 77 Poets, retrospective portraits of, 104–105 Gravestones, statue formats on, 66–67

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INDEX

Poets, statues in Athens of victorious. See Retrospective portraits, poets, 104–105, Striding Poet Type (so-called Alkaios, cat. Athens 119–124, 125 A14), 4, 34, 86, 124 Pollitt, J. J., 77 Richter, G. M. A., 2–3, 4, 5, 8, 24 Stylistic development and dating, criticized, Portico of Pompey in Rome, statues in, Ridgway, B. S., 173 2, 5, 10, 11, 99, 113, 173 40–41 “Role” portrait, 77 Stylistic development in gravestones, 6 Portrait as likeness, criticized, 8–9, 11, 176, Roman copies as evidence, 1, 2, 10, 16–17, Stylistic diversity in Greek portraiture, 5–6, 177 23–24, 25–28, 30, 36 77, 98, 125–126 Portrait models for Roman copies, 10, 15, Sword. See Attributes 16–17, 23, 28–30 Samos, mantle statue from Heraion, 75–76 Portrait models, reception, 17, 23 Sappho, 40 Technical aspects of portrait production, 2, Portrait styles, 2, 5–6, 77, 99–100 Sauron, G., 48 16–17, 23, 24, 25–28, 30–36, 64, 77 Portrait styles, analysis of, 100, 106–107 Scroll. See Attributes Thales, 51 Portrait styles, borrowings from Hellenistic Second Sophistic, 4, 49–54 Theater of Dionysus in Athens, statues in. royal iconography, 81–86 Serapieion at Memphis, statue group, 40, See Athens Portrait styles, elderly male, 86 105, 119, 183 Themistocles, 11, 110 Portrait styles, generals, 80–86, 107–110 Seven Wise Men, 50, 51–53, 56, 78 Theodektes, tomb of, 30, 67, 106 Portrait styles, “good citizen,” 100, 113, Shaving, Chrysippus on, 73–74 Theophrastus, 106, 113, 116, 118, 126 115, 126 Shield. See Attributes Timostratos (poet), 102 Portrait styles, mature male, 77–86 Shield portrait, 34 Timotheos, 102, 107 Portrait styles, orator-politicians, 110–113 Smith,R.R.R.,76, 99–100, 107, 110, 115, Tivoli. See Villa of Cassius Portrait styles, philosophers, 99–100, 116 Torlonia – Vatican Type (cat. A17), 86 112–119 Socrates, 2, 4, 7, 11, 12, 29, 34, 36, 41, 74, Typological method of portrait analysis, Portrait styles, poets (New Comedy), 113, 99, 104, 113, 119, 174 17–25 119–125 Solon, 51, 61–62, 74, 104 Tyrannicides (Harmodios and Portrait styles, retrospective, 86–88 Sophocles, 2, 113 Aristogeiton), 8, 49, 101, 102, 103, Portrait subjects, repertoire in Roman Farnese Type, 124, 207 104, 107, 108 copies, 54, 77, 173 Lateran Type, 61–62, 78, 79, 93, 124, Portrait type, definition, 16 198, 207 Villa of the Bruttii, Rieti, 41 Portraiture as visual biography, criticized, Sophocles, statue in Theater of Dionysus, Villa of Casale, Tor Paterno, 41 7–8, 11 6, 8, 11, 29, 102, 104 Villa of Cassius, Tivoli, 28, 39, 41, 49–54, Posidippus (epigrammatist), 93 Sophocles Type III (cat. A2), 32, 33, 34, 79 55, 56 Posidippus (New Comedy poet), 5, 90, Spear. See Attributes Villa of Maxentius, Rome, 41–42 93–95, 102, 113, 119 Staff. See Attributes Villa of the Papyri at Herculaneum, 6, 31, Poseidonios, 113 Statue bodies, importance of, 11, 76–77, 33, 39, 42–49, 53–56 Precise identification, criticized, 2, 5, 6 98, 106–107, 109, 110, 115–116 Villa of the Papyri at Herculaneum, date of Pseudo-Seneca (Hesiod?), 45, 86, 116, 124 Statue format, arm-sling, 62, 74 portrait sculpture, 48–49 Public honorific portrait statues, 11, 61–63, Statue format, seated, 119–124 Villa of the Quintilii, Rome, 41 101–102, 106, 198 Statue format, standing, 124 von den Hoff, R., 116, 118, 125, 126 Pythagoras Statue formats, information from Greek Aphrodisias tondo, 34 gravestones, 66–67 Wojcik, M., 48 statue in Roman Forum, 40 Statue formats, range of, 62–63, 76–77 Stoic self-presentation, 114–115 Zanker, P., 6, 62–63, 73, 75–76, 80, Realism, real appearance and portrait style, “Strategic intelligence,” expression of, 110 99–100, 104, 111, 112, 113, 115, 8, 90–95, 177, 178 Stewart, A., 6, 65, 86, 109 116, 123, 126 Retrospective portraits, 78, 79 Strategos portraits, 109–110 Zeno, 11, 40, 42, 45, 104, 113

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