DOCSLIB.ORG

1 Permanent Court of Arbitration

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

1 PERMANENT COURT OF ARBITRATION ARBITRATION UNDER ANNEX VII OF THE 1982 UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON THE LAW OF THE SEA - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -x In the Matter of Bay of Bengal Maritime Boundary Arbitration Between: THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF BANGLADESH PCA Case No. 2010-16 and PCA Reference BD-IN THE REPUBLIC OF INDIA - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -x Volume 1 HEARING ON THE MERITS Monday, December 9, 2013 The Permanent Court of Arbitration PCA Administrative Council Chamber/ "Japanese Room" Carnegieplein 2, 2517 KJ The Hague The Netherlands The hearing in the above-entitled matter convened at 9:30 a.m. before: JUDGE RÜDIGER WOLFRUM, Presiding Arbitrator JUDGE JEAN-PIERRE COT, Arbitrator JUDGE THOMAS A. MENSAH, Arbitrator DR. PEMMARAJU SREENIVASA RAO, Arbitrator PROFESSOR IVAN SHEARER, Arbitrator 2 Permanent Court of Arbitration: MR. BROOKS W. DALY Registrar and PCA Deputy Secretary-General DR. ALOYSIUS P. LLAMZON PCA Legal Counsel MR. GARTH L. SCHOFIELD PCA Legal Counsel MS. YANYING LI PCA Assistant Legal Counsel MR. KEVIN LEE PCA Assistant Legal Counsel MR. BENJAMIN CRADDOCK PCA Case Manager MS. SUMAYA BOUSSAA PCA Assistant Case Manager Expert Hydrographer to the Tribunal: MR. DAVID H. GRAY Court Reporters: MR. DAVID A. KASDAN, RDR-CRR MS. DAWN K. LARSON, RDR-CRR Registered Diplomate Reporter Certified Realtime Reporter Worldwide Reporting, LLP 529 14th Street, S.E. Washington, D.C. 20003 (202) 544-1903 [email protected] 3 APPEARANCES: On behalf of the People's Republic of Bangladesh: H.E. DR. DIPU MONI, MP Agent of Bangladesh and Former Foreign Minister, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh REAR ADMIRAL (RETD) MOHAMMAD KHURSHED ALAM MPHIL, ndc, psc, Deputy Agent of Bangladesh & Secretary (Maritime Affairs Unit), Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Dhaka Counsel and Advocates: H.E. The Honourable A.H. Mahmood Ali, MP, Foreign Minister, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh MR. MOHAMMAD SHAHIDUL HAQUE Secretary, Legislative & Parliamentary Affairs Division, Ministry of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs, Dhaka PROFESSOR PAYAM AKHAVAN McGill University PROFESSOR ALAN BOYLE University of Edinburgh PROFESSOR JAMES CRAWFORD South Carolina, FBA Cambridge University MR. LAWRENCE H. MARTIN Foley Hoag LLP MR. PAUL S. REICHLER Foley Hoag LLP PROFESSOR PHILIPPE SANDS QC University College London 4 APPEARANCES: (Continued) On behalf of the People's Republic of Bangladesh: Advisors: MR. SHIEKH MOHAMMED BELAL Director General, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Bangladesh Ambassador-designate to the Netherlands MS. ISHRAT JAHAN Counsellor & CDA, ad. i, Embassy of Bangladesh, The Hague MR. MOHAMMAD SHAHEEN IQBAL Bangladesh Navy M.R.I. ABEDIN System Analyst, Ministry of Foreign Affairs MR. MOHAMMAD HAZRAT ALI KHAN Director, Ministry of Foreign Affairs MD. ABDULLAH AL MAMUN Bangladesh Army MD. ABU RAYHAN Bangladesh Air Force MD. ABDUL MOKTADER Private Secretary to the Foreign Minister, Ministry of Foreign Affairs MR. SYED SHAH SAAD ANDALIB Assistant Secretary, Ministry of Foreign Affairs MR. HARIPADA CHANDRA NAG Assistant Secretary, Ministry of Foreign Affairs DR. ROBIN CLEVERLY Law of the Sea Consultant, The United Kingdom Hydrographic Office MR. SCOTT EDMONDS Cartographic Consultant, International Mapping 5 APPEARANCES: (Continued) On behalf of the People's Republic of Bangladesh: MR. THOMAS FROGH Senior Cartographer, International Mapping DR. LINDSAY PARSON Director, Maritime Zone Solutions Ltd. MR. ROBERT W. SMITH Geographic Consultant Junior Counsel: MRS. CLARA BRILLEMBOURG MR. VIVEK KRISHNAMURTHY MR. YURI PARKHOMENKO Foley Hoag LLP MR. REMI REICHHOLD Matrix Chambers Legal Assistants: MR. DARA IN University College London MS. NANCY LOPEZ MR. RODRIGO TRANAMIL Foley Hoag LLP 6 APPEARANCES: (Continued) On behalf of the Republic of India: G. E. VAHANAVTI Attorney General of India MR. DEVADATT KAMATH Assistant Counsel to the Attorney General DR. NEERU CHADHA Agent, Joint Secretary & the Legal Adviser, Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India MR. HARSH VARDHAN SHRINGLA Co-Agent, Joint Secretary (BSM), Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India MR. PUNEET AGRAWAL Deputy Agent, Director (BSM), Ministry of External Affairs H.E. MR. R.N. PRASAD Ambassador of India to the Netherlands MR. R.K. SINGH Deputy Chief of Mission Counsel: PROFESSOR ALAIN PELLET University of Paris Ouest SIR MICHAEL WOOD, K.C.M.G. MR. R.K.P. SHANKARDASS Senior Advocate PROFESSOR W. MICHAEL REISMAN Yale University MR. BENJAMIN SAMSON Junior Counsel, University of Paris Oueste 7 APPEARANCES: (Continued) On behalf of the Republic of India: MR. ERAN STHOEGER Junior Counsel, New York University Scientific and Technical Experts: VICE ADMIRAL S. K. JHA, Chief Hydrographer to the Government of India REAR ADMIRAL K. M. NAIR Joint Chief Hydrographer, National Hydrographic Office (NHO) PROFESSOR MARTIN PRATT Expert Cartographer COMMODORE ADHIR ARORA Principal Director of Hydrography, NHO CAPT. PEUSH PAWSEY Director of Hydrography (Ops), NHO DR. DHANANJAY PANDEY Scientist, National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research (NCAOR) MR. R.C. SAMOTA Cartographic Assistant, NHO Research Associates: MR. K. S. MOHAMMED HUSSAIN Legal Officer, Ministry of External Affairs MS. HELOISE PELLET Additional Attendee: MS. NAFISA VAHANAVTI 8 C O N T E N T S PAGE Introductory Remarks by the Arbitral Tribunal 9 Introductory Remarks by People's Republic of Bangladesh: By H.E. Honourable A.H. Mahmood Ali 12 Introductory Remarks by Republic of India: By Attorney General Goolam E. Vahanvati 18 Argument of People's Republic of Bangladesh: By H.E. Honourable Dipu Moni 25 By Mr. Martin 30 By Professor Sands 51 By Professor Akhavan 93 By Mr. Reichler 120 1 P R O C E E D I N G S 2 PRESIDENT WOLFRUM: Good morning to everybody, Your 3 Excellencies. The Arbitral Tribunal in the case on Bangladesh versus India is now 4 starting its hearing. 5 I would like to welcome you very much, and particularly the Minister of 6 Foreign Affairs from Bangladesh as well as the Attorney General of India who we had not 7 the pleasure here to meet. The others we had met frequently during our site visit. 8 I hope, and I'm absolutely sure, that we are going to have a very fruitful and 9 very productive meeting, and I hope, also, that the meeting will continue, like the site visit 10 was, in a very good and amicable atmosphere. 11 I do not intend to introduce the Members of the Tribunal in great length. 12 We have met over the three days in Bangladesh and India quite well, but you see from my 13 left side Judge Jean-Pierre Cot, Judge Mensah, Dr. Sreenivasa Rao, and Judge Ivan 14 Shearer. PCA is well known to you; therefore, there is no need for introduction. 15 Now, I would like to take this opportunity to really thank the representatives 16 of Bangladesh and India very much again for the organization--preparation and 17 organization of the site visit, particularly also for the hospitality extended to us. It was a 18 great experience, at least for us, and I hope for you too. And I believe we have learned 19 quite a great deal, and it was worth very much the effort. 20 Let me say a very few words about the Hearing and the procedure. I would 21 like to draw your attention to the schedule as provided in Procedural Order Number 2. 22 We have rather fixed time limits, and I would very much appreciate if you could really 9 1 stick to the time limits. I would hate to interrupt anybody. 2 There is a small change, which I would like to mention. This afternoon, 3 Bangladesh has asked--Paul Reichler, actually--to have only 60 minutes for the first 4 speech and thereafter the break, and thereafter Paul Reichler would continue. I don't 5 know whether you're going to continue for a hundred minutes--you have the right to do 6 so--but if you wish to do so, please bear with me that we would insert a 10 minutes' break 7 so as not to sit in this room for 100 minutes straight. 8 Is that agreeable? 9 MR. REICHLER: Thank you very much, Mr. President. I promise that I 10 will not speak for 100 minutes. It will be closer to 80. But if you would prefer me to 11 break for 10 minutes anywhere along the way, I'm happy to accommodate. 12 PRESIDENT WOLFRUM: We will see how it works out, and we can play 13 it by ear. We can be flexible on that. If the total time allotted to you is not exhausted, 14 that's even better. 15 Okay. Let me mention a second aspect: The Tribunal has formulated 16 several questions, and we would very much, indeed looking forward to hear your 17 responses, and I will not exclude that there are further questions to come from the 18 Tribunal, but I also would like to inform you that each individual member of the Arbitral 19 Tribunal may in due course ask questions. We are a small group; therefore, this is more 20 convenient for asking questions than the larger body such as ITLOS or the ICJ, although 21 the ICJ in a recent session, there were many questions which have been asked. 22 These are my remarks for the beginning and for the introduction, and I 10 1 would again wish us a very fruitful and cooperative undertaking, and now I give the floor 2 to the introductory remarks of the two Parties. According to the schedule, it is for 3 Bangladesh to start. 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 11 1 PERMANENT COURT OF ARBITRATION 2 3 Bay of Bengal Maritime Boundary 4 Arbitration between Bangladesh and India 5 6 H.E. The Honourable A.H. Mahmood Ali, MP, Foreign Minister 7 8 9 December 2013 9 10 1.
Recommended publications
  • [SCHEDULE I (See Section 3) Stamp Duty on Instruments Sl. No. Description of Instruments Proper Stamp-Duty (1) (2) (3) 1 ACKNOWL

    [SCHEDULE I (See Section 3) Stamp Duty on Instruments Sl. No. Description of Instruments Proper Stamp-Duty (1) (2) (3) 1 ACKNOWL

    1[SCHEDULE I (See section 3) Stamp duty on instruments Sl. Description of Instruments Proper Stamp-duty No. (1) (2) (3) 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT of a debt Ten Taka exceed, in One thousand Taka in amount or value, written or signed by, or on behalf of, a debtor in order to supply evidence of such debt in any book (other than a banker’s pass book) or on a separate piece of paper where such book or paper is left in the creditors possession: Provided that such acknowledgement does not contain any promise to pay the debt or any stipulation to pay interest or to deliver any goods or other property. 2 ADMINISTRATION BOND, including a bond given under section 6 of the Government Savings Banks Act, 1873, or section 291 or section 375 or section 376 of the Succession Act, 1925- (a) Where the amount does not The same duty as a exceed Taka 5,000; and BOND (No. 15) for such amount (b) In any other case. Two hundred Taka 3 ADOPTION-DEED, that is to say, any Five thousand Taka instrument (other than a WILL), recording an adoption, or conferring or purporting to confer an authority to adopt. ADVOCATE - See ENTRY AS AN ADVOCATE (No. 30) 1 SCHEDULE I was substituted by section 4 of the Finance Act, 2012 (Act No. XXVI of 2012) (with effect from 1st July, 2012). 4 AFFIDAVIT, including an affirmation Two hundred Taka or declaration in the case of persons by law allowed to affirm or declare instead of swearing. EXEMPTIONS Affidavit or declaration in writing when made- (a) As a condition of enlistment under the Army Act, 1952; (b) For the immediate purpose of being field or used in any court or before the officer of any court; or (c) For the sole purpose of enabling any person to receive any pension or charitable allowance.
  • Tender Specification of 01Xlong Range Air Defence

    Tender Specification of 01Xlong Range Air Defence

    SECRET ANNEX A TENDER NO: 06.06.0000.275.07.229.19 DATED: 11 FEBRUARY 2020 TENDER SPECIFICATION FOR PROCUREMENT OF 04 X AUTOMATED WAREHOUSE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (AWMS) FOR 201 MAINTENANCE UNIT, BANGLADESH AIR FORCE (201MU BAF) PART 1: GENERAL INFORMATION AND BIDDER’S RESPONSIBILITIES Introduction 01. Bangladesh Air Force (BAF) has planned to procure 04X Automated Warehouse Management System in the financial year 2019-2020. The AWMS will be installed at existing Warehouse of 201 MU BAF site at Dhaka Cantonment. The AWMS shall have the ability to receive and issue all types of items automatically for better inventory management. The offered AWMS should satisfactorily operate in the climatic conditions of Bangladesh. The AWMS system shall allow accommodating all types of aircraft and radar spares which size and shapes are within limit of try of AWMS. 02. For better understanding and to evaluate, all the prospective bidders on the same platform, the tender specification has been divided into three parts: a. Part-1: General Information and Bidder’s Responsibilities. b. Part-2: Technical Specification (Essential and Optional Requirement). c. Part-3: General Terms and Conditions. 03. In Part-2, there are essential criteria and optional items. Bidders failing to comply with essential criteria will be disqualified. However, Bidder has to quote price of all the optional items, but BAF may take some or all optional items as per the requirement. Price of optional features/items will not be considered for determining financial competitiveness. 04. Prospective bidders are to comply with the requirements and terms and conditions of the tender specification mentioned in Part-1, Part-2 and Part-3 of the tender specification.
  • Investigating the Climate-Induced Livelihood Vulnerability Index in Coastal Areas of Bangladesh

    Investigating the Climate-Induced Livelihood Vulnerability Index in Coastal Areas of Bangladesh

    Article Investigating the Climate-Induced Livelihood Vulnerability Index in Coastal Areas of Bangladesh Mehedi Mudasser 1, Md. Zakir Hossain 2 , Khan Rubayet Rahaman 3,* and Nur Mohammad Ha-Mim 2 1 National Resilience Programme (NRP), UNDP Bangladesh, IDB Bhaban, 18th Floor, UN Offices, E/8-A, Begum Rokeya Sarani, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; [email protected] 2 Urban and Rural Planning Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh; [email protected] (M.Z.H.); [email protected] (N.M.H.-M.) 3 Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, St. Mary’s University, 923 Robie Street, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 31 July 2020; Accepted: 10 September 2020; Published: 15 September 2020 Abstract: Understanding the complex dynamics of a household’s livelihood and potential vulnerabilities in the face of climate change is challenging. This research paper considers the Shyamnagar sub-district in the southern part of Bangladesh to analyze the complex issues of the vulnerability of livelihoods in the face of climate change. We conducted a questionnaire survey (n = 156) of approximately 15.6% of households in the study area. Consequently, we collected Geographical Information System (GIS) data and satellite imagery to demonstrate the land-use changes concerning vulnerabilities. A total of 54 indicators were selected to assess the livelihood vulnerability index, considering the demographic profiles, livelihood strategies, social networks, food security, water security, income, physical infrastructures, access to health services, and impacts of natural disasters. The results of the study demonstrate that only 21% of the people in the studied regions are less vulnerable to livelihood impacts in the face of climate change, while 23% of the households remain the most vulnerable.
  • Past Management History of Mangrove Forests Of

    Past Management History of Mangrove Forests Of

    Indian Journal of Biological Sciences, 19 : 24 – 31, 2013 PAST MANAGEMENT HISTORY OF MANGROVE FORESTS OF SUNDARBANS Prasanta Kumar Pandit Conservator of Forests Administration, Publicity and Marketing, WB Aranya Bhaban, Block-LA-10A, Sector-III, Salt Lake City Kolkata, West Bengal, India E mail : [email protected] ABSTRACT Sundarban has a long history of management and conservation starting from Mauryan period (321-226 BC). During Gupta dynasty (320-415 AD) it was well managed. In Munhall period (1575-1765 AD) Sundarban was mainly managed for revenue generation.First survey of Sundarban was carried out by Britishers in between period 1769-1773. Britishers allowed clearance of forest until 1855 before the enactment of Forest Act. First management plan Sundarban was written in the year 1871 in which regulation on harvesting of Sundari (Heritiera fomes) was prescribed. Some part of Sundarban was declared as reserve forest in the year 1878.Initially forest of Sundarban was thought to be an inexhaustible resource but gradually thought it was not to be so. So different management plan recommended restriction and regulation on use of forest based resources. After 1878 different management plan was written before and after Independence of India with various recommendations for better management and protection of unique biodiversity of Sundarbans. Out of total area (10,260 sq km) approximately 40% area falls under India rest of the part belongs to Bangladesh after independence of India. Owing to global importance of Indian Sundarban it was declared as World Heritage Site by UNESCO in the year 1985 and Biosphere Reserve in the year 1989.
  • Maritime Boundary of Bangladesh: Is Our Sea Lost? Abu Syed Muhammad Belal

    Maritime Boundary of Bangladesh: Is Our Sea Lost? Abu Syed Muhammad Belal

    Bangladesh Institute of Peace and Security Studies BIPSS FOCUS BIPSS Focus is intended to provide timely and, where appropriate, policy relevant background and analysis of contemporary developments. This analysis may be reproduced electronically or in print with prior permission from BIPSS. Please email: [email protected] for any queries. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Maritime Boundary of Bangladesh: Is Our Sea Lost? Abu Syed Muhammad Belal Introduction The oceans are without doubt the most important resources on the planet and only maritime states can boast of their fortune, having economic, political, strategic and social advantages over other states in reaping benefit from those resources while their interests are manifest in a variety of activities including shipping of goods, fishing, hydrocarbon and mineral extraction, naval mission and scientific research. Bangladesh is, too, bestowed with the same geographic endowment with 720-kilometre coastline. However, questions remain whether the country has been successful in valurising the magnitude of its maritime interests so as to establish its rights as a maritime state in the Bay of Bengal and pursuing a process conducive to fruitful resolution of the wrangles with its neighbours. This paper attempts to articulate a focus upon the maritime issues of Bangladesh and critically examine its undertakings regarding the issue, demystifying the possible consequences for Bangladesh if the end-result is other wise. The Legal Regime of Maritime Zones The sovereignty of a coastal state, as accorded by the United Nations Law of the Sea Convention 1982, Article 2(1), extends beyond its land territory and internal waters to an adjacent belt of Sea, which is typically referred as Territorial Sea, defined up to a limit of 12 nautical miles, subject to be measured from baseline, the low water line of a low -tide elevation.
  • United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea, 1958, Volume I, Preparatory Documents

    United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea, 1958, Volume I, Preparatory Documents

    United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea Geneva, Switzerland 24 February to 27 April 1958 Document: A/CONF.13/15 A Brief Geographical and Hydro Graphical Study of Bays and Estuaries the Coasts of which Belong to Different States Extract from the Official Records of the United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea, Volume I (Preparatory Documents) Copyright © United Nations 2009 Document A/CONF.13/15 A BRIEF GEOGRAPHICAL AND HYDRO GRAPHICAL STUDY OF BAYS AND ESTUARIES THE COASTS OF WHICH BELONG TO DIFFERENT STATES BY COMMANDER R. H. KENNEDY (Preparatory document No. 12) * [Original text: English] [13 November 1957] CONTENTS Page Page INTRODUCTION 198 2. Shatt al-Arab 209 I. AFRICA 3. Khor Abdullah 209 1. Waterway at 11° N. ; 15° W. (approx.) between 4. The Sunderbans (Hariabhanga and Raimangal French Guinea and Portuguese Guinea ... 199 Rivers) 209 2. Estuary of the Kunene River 199 5. Sir Creek 210 3. Estuary of the Kolente or Great Skarcies River 200 6. Naaf River 210 4. The mouth of the Manna or Mano River . 200 7. Estuary of the Pakchan River 210 5. Tana River 200 8. Sibuko Bay 211 6. Cavally River 200 IV. CHINA 7. Estuary of the Rio Muni 200 1. The Hong Kong Area 212 8. Estuary of the Congo River 201 (a) Deep Bay 212 9. Mouth of the Orange River 201 (b) Mirs Bay 212 II. AMERICA (c) The Macao Area 213 1. Passamaquoddy Bay 201 2. Yalu River 213 2. Gulf of Honduras 202 3. Mouth of the Tyumen River 214 3.
  • National Museum, New Delhi

    National Museum, New Delhi

    TREASURES The National Culture Fund (NCF) was The Treasures series brings to you objects of great aesthetic quality and National Museum This volume highlights the treasures of established by the Ministry of Culture in historic significance from collections of major Indian museums. Each the National Museum—New Delhi. 1996 and is a Trust under the Charitable book has an introduction to the particular museum, set in broad thematic NEW DELHI The museum has over 2,10,000 works Endowments Act of 1890. It is governed sections. Several significant treasures have been selected and presented of art representing 5,000 years of Indian by a Council with the Hon’ble Minister with an introduction by the Director and staff of the museum. art and craftsmanship. The collection for Culture as its chairperson and includes sculptures in stone, bronze, managed by an Executive Committee This Treasures series is an initiative of the Ministry of Culture, terracotta and wood, miniature paintings chaired by the Secretary, Ministry of Government of India, in collaboration with major Indian museums, and manuscripts, coins, arms and armour, Culture, Government of India. and the National Culture Fund (NCF) has been entrusted with the Museum National jewellery and anthropological objects. Antiquities from Central Asia and pre- The primary mandate of the NCF responsibility for its production. Columbian artefacts form the two non- is to nurture Public Private Partnerships Indian collections in the museum. The (PPP), to mobilise resources from The aim of the Treasures series is to create a lasting interest in Indian museum is the custodian of this treasure the public and private sector for the art and inspire more visitors to enjoy the wonders of India’s great trove of our multilayered history and restoration, conservation, protection cultural legacy.
  • Effects of Smoking on Pilots of Bangladesh Air Force in Dhaka Area

    Effects of Smoking on Pilots of Bangladesh Air Force in Dhaka Area

    Original Paper Effects of Smoking on Pilots of Bangladesh Air Force in Dhaka Area 1 2 3 4 Ahsan MA , Munir UR , Ahmad M , Shahidullah M Abstract Introduction: Smokers have a high morbidity and occasional episode of palpitation along with increase mortality rate and the causes of excess morbidity in pulse rate. Thirty one (39%) experienced and mortality include lung cancer, COPD (Chronic occasional headache during high altitude flight, Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) and cor pulmonale. 58(72.5%) had heart burn related to smoking. Thirty An estimated 100 million people died in the 20th eight (47.5%) had occasional bouts of cough with century from tobacco-associated diseases. Smoking sputum and 40(50%) complained of occasional gum also affects the performance and cause physical bleeding. These pilots also informed that they deterioration of pilots. reported sick several times for headache, heart burn, cough and URTI (Upper Respiratory Tract Infection) Objectives: To evaluate the effects of smoking on and were unfit for flying duties. During January-June pilots of Bangladesh Air Force (BAF), Dhaka area. 2014, a total of 10 pilots of BAF Dhaka area were placed in low medical category out of them 6 (60%) Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study pilots had smoking habits and suffered from IHD-4 was conducted during the period of January to June (Ischemic Heart Disease) and HTN-2 (Hypertension). 2014 among the available pilots of different age and There was statistically significant association ranks of 6 flying squadrons of BAF Dhaka area. between number of the cigarette smoked, period of Data were collected by using a pre-tested semi- smoking and physical deterioration of smoker pilots structured questionnaire distributed among the (P<0.05).
  • Disaster Management Plan Year 2021-22 L FOREWORD

    Disaster Management Plan Year 2021-22 L FOREWORD

    ·- District Hoshiarpur Disaster Management Plan Year 2021-22 l FOREWORD Hoshiarpur Disaster_ Management Plan is a part of multi-level planning advocated ~y ?ove~~nt o~ PunJab and ?ovemment of India. The plan is prepared to help the D1stnct admm1stratlon for effective response during the disaster. Hoshiarpur district is prone to na_tural well as ~an-made d_isasters. Earthquake, flood are the major Natural Hazard and mdustr1al, chemical, fire, rail/road accidents etc. are the main man- made disaster of the district. The District Disaster Management plan includes facts and figures those have been collected from various departments. District Disaster management Plan is first attempt of the district administration and is a comprehensive document which contains various chapters and each chapter has its own importance. The plan consist Hazard & Risk Assessment, Institutional Mechanism, Response Mechanism, Standard Operating Procedure, Inventory of Resources etc. It is expected that the District level officials of different department will carefully go through the plan and if have any suggestions & comments be free to convey the same so that we can include them in the next edition. It is hoped that the plan would provide concrete guidel~es to~~ds preparedness and quick response in case of an e?1ergency and_ help ~n ~ea!tzmg sustainable Disaster Risk Reduction & mitigate/minimizes the losses m the d1stnct m the long run. l II District Disaster Management Plan, Hoshiarpur 2021-22 Page 2 )T Ii Acknowledgement I take this OPIJOrtunity to thank Capi. Karnan Singh IAS Additional s t Department of Revenue Rehabilrtat,on. and Disaster. Management Government, , of Puni·abecre fary Revenue.
  • River Assessment and Water Management Strategy for South-Westcoastal Region of Bangladesh

    River Assessment and Water Management Strategy for South-Westcoastal Region of Bangladesh

    RIVER ASSESSMENT AND WATER MANAGEMENT STRATEGY FOR SOUTH-WESTCOASTAL REGION OF BANGLADESH 1PROBAL SAHA, 2ANIMA ASHRAF, 3JARIN TASNEEM, 4MITHILA CHKRABORTY 1Water Resources Development, Institute of Water and Flood Management, Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh 2Climate Change and Development, Independent University Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh 3Department of Civil Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh 4Centre for Climate Change and Environmental Research, BRAC University E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract - The upstream-downstream water sharing between transboundary riversis challenging and growing conflicts among neighboring countries. The Ganges, one of the largest river systems in the world, rises south of the main Himalayan and divides near Gangotri (elevation 4500 m) in Uttar Pradesh, India. The river divides into two channels below Farakka. The left main river enters Bangladesh and joins the Brahmaputra River at Goalundo. Shyamnagar, Satkhira is located at the south-western coastal region of Bangladesh and most of the rivers in this region receive flow mainly from the Ganges river system. After the construction of Farakka Dam, distributary rivers of the Ganges inside Bangladesh are slowly facing death for not receiving their winter flow. As a result freshwater source is decreasing and the salinity situation has been aggravated in the southwestern coastal region of Bangladesh. The major portion of the floodplain is low-lying, barely one meter above mean sea level and below high tide level. Moreover, people’s interest in shrimp culture has aggravated salinity in the region along with the climate change impacts. So, it is necessary to prepare a distinct and realistic water management plan for the south-western coastal region of Bangladesh.
  • CHANDRAKETUGARH – Rediscovering a Missing Link in Indian History

    CHANDRAKETUGARH – Rediscovering a Missing Link in Indian History

    CHANDRAKETUGARH – rediscovering a missing link in Indian history (Project Codes AIB and GTC) A synoptic collation of three research by the SandHI Group INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KHARAGPUR Patron-Advisor Ms. Amita Sharma Advisor to HRM, MHRD, Government of India Former Additional Secretary (Technical), MHRD, Government of India Advisor Prof. Partha P. Chakrabarti Director, IIT Kharagpur Monitoring Cell Prof. Sunando Dasgupta Dean, Sponsored Research and Consultancy Cell, IIT Kharagpur Prof. Pallab Dasgupta Associate Dean, Sponsored Research and Consultancy Cell, IIT Kharagpur Principal Investigator (overall) Prof. Joy Sen Department of Architecture & Regional Planning, IIT Kharagpur Vide order no. F. NO. 4-26/2013-TS-1, Dt. 19-11-2013 (36 months w.e.f 15-1-2014 and 1 additional year for outreach programs) Professor-in-Charge Documentation and Dissemination Prof. Priyadarshi Patnaik Department of Humanities & Social Sciences, IIT Kharagpur Research Scholars Group (Coordinators) Sunny Bansal, Vidhu Pandey, Prerna Mandal, Arpan Paul, Deepanjan Saha Graphics Support Tanima Bhattacharya, Sandhi Research Assistant, SRIC, IIT Kharagpur ISBN: 978-93-80813-37-0 © SandHI A Science and Heritage Initiative, IIT Kharagpur Sponsored by the Ministry of Human Resources Development, Government of India Published in September 2015 www.iitkgpsandhi.org Design & Printed by Cygnus Advertising (India) Pvt. Ltd. 55B, Mirza Ghalib Street 8th Floor, Saberwal House, Kolkata - 700016 www.cygnusadvertising.in Disclaimer The information present in the Report offers the views of the authors and not of its Editorial Board or the publishers. No party involved in the preparation of material contained in SandHI Report represents or warrants that the information contained herein is in every respect accurate or complete and they are not responsible for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from the use of such material.
  • Water Chemistry in and Around the Sundarbans Mangrove Forest, Southwest Bangladesh

    Water Chemistry in and Around the Sundarbans Mangrove Forest, Southwest Bangladesh

    Khulna University Studies Special Issue (SESB 2010): 9-20: June, 2010 RESEARCH ARTICLE CopyrightKhulna University WATER CHEMISTRY IN AND AROUND THE SUNDARBANS MANGROVE FOREST, SOUTHWEST BANGLADESH Jashim Uddin Ahmad1 and Mohammad Sayadur Rahman2* 1Department of Chemistry, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh 2 Chemistry Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh Abstract: The study presents the spatial and temporal patterns of river water chemistry at 25 sites in and around the Sundarbans. Conductivity, TDS, major cations, major anions, alkalinity, pH and hardness were determined during September 2008 to July 2009 in four seasons at Sarankhola, Chandpai, Nalian and Burigualiny from Bhola, Passur, Sipsa and Khulpatua rivers respectively. There is wide temporal variation in conductivity (from 201 µS/cm to 43.7 mS/cm) and TDS (0.13 to 31.2 g/L) from the eastern to western Sundarbans suggests low flow of fresh water into the western Sundarbans. Variation in major cations Na+ (9225 to 25 mg/L), K+ (4 to 510 mg/L), Ca+2 (26 to 273 mg/l) and Mg+2 (5 to 869) and major anions Cl- (13 - -2 to 13471 mg/L), HCO3 (102 to 180 mg/L) and SO4 (9 to 1414 mg/L) were also observed. Alkalinity, pH and hardness were 90 to 224 mg CaCO3/L, 6.5 to 8.3 and 85 to 4235 mg CaCO3/L respectively. Data on DO, BOD, COD, nutrients and heavy metals during 2001-2009 were collected from secondary sources. Dissolved oxygen (4.9 to 6.9 mg/L) is within the Environmental Quality Standard (EQS) of Bangladesh.