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Occurrence and Transport of Diazinon in the Sacramento River and Selected Tributaries, California, During Two Winter Storms, January–February 2001

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Occurrence and Transport of Diazinon in the Sacramento River and Selected Tributaries, California, During Two Winter Storms, January–February 2001 Front cover: Sacramento River near Colusa, California, with the Sutter Buttes in the background. (Photograph by Cathy Munday, U.S. Geological Survey) Occurrence and Transport of Diazinon in the Sacramento River and Selected Tributaries, California, during Two Winter Storms, January–February 2001 By Peter D. Dileanis, David L. Brown, Donna L. Knifong, and Dina Saleh U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Water-Resources Investigations Report 03-4111 Prepared in cooperation with the CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF PESTICIDE REGULATION Sacramento, California 2003 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GALE A. NORTON, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Charles G. Groat, Director Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. For additional information write to: Copies of this report can be purchased from: U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Information Services Placer Hall, Suite 2012 Building 810 6000 J Street Box 25286, Federal Center Sacramento, California 95819-6129 Denver, CO 80225-0286 http://ca.water.usgs.gov iii CONTENTS Abstract ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1 Environmental Setting of the Sacramento River Watershed ................................................................................................. 2 Acknowledgments ......................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Study Design and Methodology ............................................................................................................................................................. 5 Selection of Sampling Sites .......................................................................................................................................................... 5 Monitoring Periods and Sampling Frequency ........................................................................................................................... 8 Sample-Collection Methods ......................................................................................................................................................... 8 Laboratory Analytical Methods ................................................................................................................................................... 9 Stage and Streamflow Measurement ......................................................................................................................................... 9 Load Calculation Methods ............................................................................................................................................................ 11 Quality Assurance and Quality Control ....................................................................................................................................... 11 Hydrologic Conditions During the Study Period ................................................................................................................................... 12 Occurrence and Transport of Diazinon ................................................................................................................................................. 14 Diazinon Use in the Sacramento Valley ..................................................................................................................................... 14 Concentrations of Diazinon Observed during Storms .............................................................................................................. 30 Measured and Estimated Diazinon Loads at Monitoring Sites .............................................................................................. 41 Relation of Diazinon Loads to Use ............................................................................................................................................... 43 Summary ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 44 References Cited ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 44 v FIGURES Figure 1. Map showing Sampling sites in the Sacramento River watershed, California......................................................... 3 Figure 2. Map showing Land use in the Sacramento Valley, California ..................................................................................... 4 Figure 3. Graph showing Monthly rainfall in the Sacramento Valley, California. ..................................................................... 13 Figure 4. Graph showing Daily rainfall and reported diazinon use in the Sacramento Valley, California, during the 2000–2001 dormant spray season ................................................................................................................. 13 Figure 5. Graph showing Diazinon use in the Sacramento Valley, California, during dormant spray seasons from 1993 to 2001........................................................................................................................................................................... 14 Figure 6. Graph and map showing Diazinon use upstream of Sacramento River at Tower Bridge (site 21) (A) Daily diazinon use from December 1, 2000, to March 31, 2001 .............................................................................. 15 (B) Areal distribution of applications................................................................................................................................ 16 Figure 7. Graph and map showing Diazinon use upstream of Sacramento River at Alamar (site 20) (A) Daily diazinon use from December 1, 2000, to March 31, 2001 .............................................................................. 17 (B) Areal distribution of applications................................................................................................................................ 18 Figure 8. Graph and map showing Diazinon use upstream of Bear River near Berry Road (site 19) (A) Daily diazinon use from December 1, 1999, to March 30, 2000 .............................................................................. 19 (B) Areal distribution of applications................................................................................................................................ 20 Figure 9. Graph and map showing Diazinon use upstream of Feather River below Star Bend (site 18) (A) Daily diazinon use from December 1, 1999, to March 30, 2000 .............................................................................. 21 (B) Areal distribution of applications................................................................................................................................ 22 Figure 10. Graph and map showing Diazinon use upstream of Jack Slough near Doc Adams Road (site 16)....................... 23 Figure 11. Graph and map showing Diazinon use upstream of Main Drainage Canal at Gridley Road (site 10).................... 24 Figure 12. Graph and map showing Diazinon use upstream of Butte Creek at Gridley Road (site 9) (A) Daily diazinon use from December 1, 1999, to March 30, 2000 .............................................................................. 25 (B) Areal distribution of applications................................................................................................................................ 26 Figure 13. Graph and map showing Diazinon use upstream of Sacramento River at Colusa (site 8) (A) Daily diazinon use from December 1, 1999, to March 30, 2000 .............................................................................. 27 (B) Areal distribution of applications................................................................................................................................ 28 Figure 14. Graphs showing Diazinon concentrations and streamflow at sampling sites in the Sacramento Valley, California, from January 23, 2000, to February 17, 2001 (A) Sacramento River at Tower Bridge (site 21)............................................................................................................. 30 (B) Sacramento River at Alamar (site 20) ........................................................................................................................ 31 (C) Bear River near Berry Road (site 19).......................................................................................................................... 32 (D) Feather River below Star Bend (site 18) .................................................................................................................... 33 (E) Jack Slough near Doc Adams Road (site 16) ............................................................................................................ 34 (F) Butte Slough at Lower Pass Road (site 11)...............................................................................................................
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