Provisional List of Vascular Species in Point Pleasant Park,

An initial list was contributed by Rich LaPaix, based on his MSc thesis research on vegetation structure and composition within urban parks of Halifax Regional Municipality. [1] Additional species were added from lists in cited references. The scientific names and species ranks (Sranks) are those cited by the Atlantic Canada Conservation Data Centre for Nova Scotia (http://www.accdc.com/Products/ranking.html)

The list will be updated as more information becomes available. Please forward pertinent information to [email protected]

For the species on this list, all species with an Srank of “SNA” are exotic to . - David Patriquin, May 3, 2012.

Initial Document posted at versicolor.ca/nativeplants May 3, 2012. Modified May 11, 2012.

Growth Family Scientific Name Common Name Ref form Life history Srank 1. Aceraceae Acer pensylvanicum Striped Maple 1 Trees Perennial S5 2. Aceraceae Acer platanoides Norway Maple 1 Trees Perennial SNA 3. Aceraceae Acer pseudoplatanus Sycamore Maple 2 Trees Perennial SNA 4. Aceraceae Acer negundo Manitoba Maple 3 Trees Perennial SNA 5. Aceraceae Red Maple 1 Trees Perennial S5 6. Aceraceae Acer saccharinum Sugar Maple 2 Trees Perennial S5 7. Aceraceae Acer spicatum Mountain Maple 3 Trees Perennial S5 8. Anacardiaceae Rhus typhina Staghorn sumac 1 Shrubs Perennial S4S5 9. Common 1 Aquifoliaceae Ilex verticillata Winterberry Shrubs Perennial S5 10. Nemopanthus 1 Aquifoliaceae mucronatus Mountain Holly Shrubs Perennial S5 11. Bristly 1 hispida Sarsaparilla Forbs Perennial S5 12. Araliaceae Aralia nudicaulis Wild Sarsaparilla 1 Forbs Perennial S5 13. Achillea millefolium Common Yarrow 1 Forbs Perennial S5 14. Anaphalis 1 Asteraceae margaritacea Pearly Everlasting Forbs Perennial S5 15. Common 1 Asteraceae Arctium minus Burdock Forbs Biennial SNA 16. Asteraceae Aster sp. an Aster 1 Forbs Perennial na 17. Devil's 1 Asteraceae Bidens frondosa Beggarticks Forbs Annual S5 18. Mountain 1 Asteraceae Centaurea montana Cornflower Forbs Perennial 19. Asteraceae Centaurea nigra Black Knapweed 1 Forbs Perennial SNA 20. Doellingeria Hairy Flat-top 1 Asteraceae umbellata White Aster Forbs Perennial S5 21. Asteraceae Erechtites hieracifolia Fireweed 2 Forbs Perennial S5 22. Asteraceae Erechtites hieraciifolia Eastern Burnweed 1 Forbs Annual S5 23. Asteraceae Erigeron annuus Annual Fleabane 1 Forbs Annual S4S5 24. Grass-leaved 1 Asteraceae Euthamia graminifolia Goldenrod Forbs Perennial S5 25. Kalm's 1 Asteraceae kalmii Hawkweed Forbs Perennial S2? 26. Common 1 Asteraceae Hieracium lachenalii Hawkweed Forbs Perennial SNA 27. Spotted 2 Asteraceae Hieracium maculatum Hawkweed Forbs Perennial ? 28. Mouse-ear 1 Asteraceae Hieracium pilosella Hawkweed Forbs Perennial SNA 29. Whiplash 2 Asteraceae Hieracium X flagellare hawkweed Forbs Perennial SNA 30. Hieracium x Smoothish 1 Asteraceae floribundum Hawkweed Forbs Perennial SNA 31. Asteraceae Leontodon autumnalis Fall Dandelion 1 Forbs Perennial SNA 32. Asteraceae Leucanthemum Oxeye Daisy 1 Forbs Perennial SNA vulgare 33. Asteraceae Matricaria discoidea Pineapple Weed 1 Forbs Annual SNA 34. Whorled Wood 1 Asteraceae acuminata Aster Forbs Perennial S5 35. Asteraceae Prenanthes trifoliolata Lion’s Paw 2 Forbs Perennial S5 36. Three-leaved 1 Asteraceae Prenanthes trifoliolata Rattlesnakeroot Forbs Perennial S5 37. 1 Biennial, Asteraceae Rudbeckia hirta Black-Eyed Susan Forbs perennial SNA 38. Woodland 1 Asteraceae Senecio sylvaticus Ragwort Forbs Annual SNA 39. Common 1 Asteraceae Senecio vulgaris Ragwort Forbs Annual SNA 40. Canada 1 Asteraceae Solidago canadensis Goldenrod Forbs Perennial S5 41. Downy 1 Asteraceae Solidago puberula Goldenrod Forbs Perennial S5 42. Rough-stemmed 1 Asteraceae Solidago rugosa Goldenrod Forbs Perennial S5 43. Asteraceae Solidago sp. a Goldenrod 1 Forbs Perennial 44. Prickly Sow 1 Asteraceae Sonchus asper Thistle Forbs Annual SNA 45. Symphyotrichum 1 Asteraceae lateriflorum Calico Aster Forbs Perennial S5 46. Symphyotrichum novi- 1 Asteraceae belgii New York Aster Forbs Perennial S5 47. Common 1 Asteraceae Taraxacum officinale Dandelion Forbs Perennial SNA 48. Asteraceae Tussilago farfara Coltsfoot 1 Forbs Perennial SNA 49. Berberidaceae Berberis thunbergii Japanese Barberry 1 Shrubs Perennial SNA 50. Betulaceae Ostrya virginiana Ironwood 3 Trees Perennial S5 51. Betulaceae Alnus incana Speckled alder 2 Shrubs Perennial S5 52. Betulaceae Betula alleghaniensis Yellow Birch 1 Trees Perennial S5 53. Betulaceae Paper Birch 1 Trees Perennial S5 54. Betulaceae Betula populifolia Gray Birch 1 Trees Perennial S5 55. Brassicaceae Barbarea vulgaris Yellow Rocket 1 Forbs Biennial SNA 56. Erysimum European 1 Bienniial, Brassicaceae hieraciifolium Wallflower Forbs perennial SNA 57. Northern Bush 1 Caprifoliaceae Diervilla lonicera Honeysuckle Shrubs Perennial S5 58. Caprifoliaceae Linnaea borealis Twinflower 2 Forbs Perennial S5 59. American fly Caprifoliaceae Lonicera canadensis honeysuckle 4 Shrubs Perennial S5 60. Caprifoliaceae Lonicera sp. Honeysuckle 1 Shrubs Perennial 61. Caprifoliaceae Sambucus racemosa Red Elderberry 1 Shrubs Perennial S5 62. Northern Wild 1 Caprifoliaceae Viburnum nudum Raisin Shrubs Perennial S5 63. Common 1 Caryophyllaceae Cerastium fontanum Chickweed Forbs Perennial SNA 64. Procumbent 1 Caryophyllaceae Sagina procumbens Pearlwort Forbs Perennial S5 65. Caryophyllaceae Stellaria graminea Little Starwort 1 Forbs Perennial SNA 66. Common 1 Caryophyllaceae Stellaria media Starwort Forbs Annual SNA 67. Common St. 1 Clusiaceae Hypericum perforatum John's-wort Forbs Perennial SNA 68. Alternate-leaved 1 Cornaceae Cornus alternifolia Dogwood Shrubs Perennial S5 69. Cornaceae Cornus canadensis Bunchberry 1 Forbs Perennial S5 70. Red Osier 1 Cornaceae Cornus sericea Dogwood Shrubs Perennial S5 71. Cupressaceae Juniperus communis Common Juniper 2 Shrubs S5 72. Cupressaceae Thuja occidentalis Eastern white 3 Trees Perennial S1S2 cedar 73. Cyperaceae Carex brunnescens Brownish Sedge 1 Graminoids Perennial S5 74. Cyperaceae Carex canoidea Field sedge 2 Graminoids Perennial S4? 75. Fibrous-Root 1 Cyperaceae Carex communis Sedge Graminoids Perennial S5 76. Cyperaceae Carex crawfordii Crawford's Sedge 1 Graminoids Perennial S5 77. White-edged 1 Cyperaceae Carex debilis Sedge Graminoids Perennial S5 78. Cyperaceae Carex deflexa Northern Sedge 1 Graminoids Perennial S4 79. Cyperaceae Carex foenea Hay Sedge 1 Graminoids Perennial S3? 80. Cyperaceae Carex folliculata Long sedge 2 Graminoids Perennial S5 81. Cyperaceae Carex ovalis Oval Sedge 2 Graminoids Perennial SNA 82. Cyperaceae Carex rosea Rosy Sedge 2 Graminoids Perennial S3 83. Cyperaceae Carex sp. a Sedge 1 Graminoids Perennial 84. Cyperaceae Carex trisperma Three-seed sedge 2 Graminoids Perennial S5 85. Cyperaceae Carex umbellata Umbellate Sedge 1 Graminoids Perennial S4 86. Cyperaceae Scirpus sp. Bullrush species 2 Forbs Perennial 87. Dennstaedtia Eastern Hay- 1 Pteridophyt Dennstaedtiaceae punctilobula Scented Fern es Perennial S5 88. 1 Pteridophyt Dennstaedtiaceae Pteridium aquilinum Bracken Fern es Perennial S5 89. Common Lady 1 Pteridophyt Dryopteridaceae Athyrium filix-femina Fern es Perennial S5 90. Dryopteris Spinulose wood 2 Pteridophyt Dryopteridaceae carthusiana fern es Perennial S5 91. Matteuccia 2 Pteridophyt Dryopteridaceae struthiopteris Ostrich fern es Perennial S5 92. 1 Pteridophyt Equisetaceae Equisetum arvense Field Horsetail es Perennial S5 93. Ericaceae Calluna vulgaris Scottish Heather 1 Shrubs Perennial SNA 94. Ericaceae Epigaea repens Trailing Arbutus 1 Shrubs Perennial S5 95. Ericaceae Gaultheria hispidula Creeping 1 Shrubs Perennial S5 Snowberry 96. Gaultheria 1 Ericaceae procumbens Eastern Teaberry Shrubs Perennial S5 97. Black 1 Ericaceae Gaylussacia baccata Huckleberry Shrubs Perennial S5 98. Ericaceae Kalmia angustifolia Sheep Laurel 1 Shrubs Perennial S5 99. Vaccinium Late Lowbush 1 Ericaceae angustifolium Blueberry Shrubs Perennial S5 100. Velvet-leaved 1 Ericaceae Vaccinium myrtilloides Blueberry Shrubs Perennial S5 101. Mountain 1 Ericaceae Vaccinium vitis-idaea Cranberry Shrubs Perennial S5 102. Fabaceae Robinia pseudoacacia Black Locust 3 Shrubs Perennial SNA 103. 1 Biennial, Fabaceae Trifolium campestre Low Hop Clover Forbs annual SNA 104. 1 Biennial, Fabaceae Trifolium pratense Red Clover Forbs perennial SNA 105. Fabaceae Trifolium repens White Clover 1 Forbs Perennial SNA 106. Fabaceae Vicia cracca Tufted Vetch 1 Forbs Perennial SNA 107. Fagaceae Fagus grandifolia American Beech 2 Trees Perennial S5 108. Fagaceae Fagus sylvatica European Beech 1 Trees Perennial SNA 109. Fagacea e Quercus robur English Oak 1 Trees Perennial SNA 110. Fagaceae Quercus rubra Northern Red Oak 1 Trees Perennial S5 111. American Witch- 1 Hamamelidaceae Hamamelis virginiana Hazel Shrubs Perennial S5 112. Aesculus 2 Hippocastanaceae hippocastanum Horse Chestnut Trees Perennial SNA 113. Hippocastanaceae Aesculus sp. Horse-chestnut 1 Trees Perennial SNA 114. Iridaceae Iris versicolor Blueflag Iris 2 Forbs Perennial S5 115. Juncaceae Juncus bufonius Toad Rush 1 Graminoids Annual S5 116. Juncaceae Juncus tenuis Path Rush 1 Graminoids Perennial S5 117. Juncaceae Luzula multiflora Common 1 Graminoids Perennial S5 Woodrush 118. Common Hemp- 1 Lamiaceae Galeopsis tetrahit nettle Forbs Annual SNA 119. Northern 2 Lamiaceae Lycopus uniflorus Bugleweed Forbs Perennial S5 120. Common Self- 1 Lamiaceae Prunella vulgaris heal Forbs Perennial S5 121. Yellow Bluebead 1 Liliaceae Clintonia borealis Lily Forbs Perennial S5 122. Maianthemum Wild Lily-of-The- 1 Liliaceae canadense Valley Forbs Perennial S5 123. Indian Cucumber 1 Liliaceae Medeola virginiana Root Forbs Perennial S5 124. Flat-branched 1 Pteridophyt Lycopodiaceae Lycopodium obscurum Tree-clubmoss es Perennial S4S5 125. Monotropaceae Monotropa uniflora Indian Pipe 1 Forbs Perennial S5 126. Myricaceae Comptonia peregrina Sweet-fern 1 Shrubs Perennial S5 127. Oleaceae Fraxinus americana White Ash 3 Trees Perennial 128. Oleaceae Fraxinus excelsior European Ash 4 Trees Perennial SNA 129. Oleaceae Fraxinus nigra Black Ash 3 Trees Perennial S2S3 130. Fraxinus 3 Oleaceae pennsylvanica Red Ash Trees Perennial S1 131. Chamerion 1 Onagraceae angustifolium Fireweed Forbs Perennial S5 132. Fire weed or 2 Epilobium Large Willow Onagraceae angustifolium Herb Forbs Perennial S5 133. Northern 1 Onagraceae Epilobium ciliatum Willowherb Forbs Perennial S5 134. Common Evening 1 Biennial, Onagraceae Oenothera biennis Primrose Forbs perrennial S5 135. Onagraceae Oenothera parviflora Small Flowered 2 Forbs Biennial, S4? Evening Primrose perrennial 136. Pink Lady's- 1 Orchidaceae Cypripedium acaule Slipper Forbs Perennial S5 137. 1 Pteridophyt Osmundaceae Osmunda cinnamomea Cinnamon Fern es Perennial S5 138. 1 Pteridophyt Osmundaceae Osmunda claytoniana Interrupted Fern es Perennial S5 139. 2 Pteridophyt Osmundaceae Osmunda regalis Royal Fern es Perennial S5 140. European Wood 1 Oxalidaceae Oxalis stricta Sorrel Forbs Perennial S5 141. Pinaceae Abies balsamea Balsam Fir 1 Trees Perennial S5 142. Pinaceae Larix laricina Eastern Larch 3 Trees Perennial SNA 143. Pinaceae Picea abies Norway Spruce 1 Trees Perennial SNA 144. Pinaceae Picea glauca White Spruce 1 Trees Perennial S5 145. Picea mariana Black Spruce 3 Trees Perennial S5 146. Pinaceae Picea pungens Blue Spruce 1 Trees Perennial SNA 147. Pinaceae Picea rubens Red Spruce 1 Trees Perennial S5 148. Pinaceae Pinus sp. Pine 1 Trees Perennial 149. Pinaceae Pinus banksiana Jack Pine 3 Trees Perennial S5 150. Pinaceae Pinus nigra Austrian Pine 3 Trees Perennial SNA 151. Pinaceae Pinus resinosa Red Pine 3 Trees Perennial S5 152. Eastern White 1 Pinaceae Pinus strobus Pine Trees Perennial S5 153. Pinaceae Pinus sylvestris Scotch Pine 1 Trees Perennial SNA 154. Pinaceae Pseudotsuga menziesii Douglas Fir 1 Trees Perennial - 155. Pinaceae Tsuga canadensis Eastern Hemlock 1 Trees Perennial S4S5 156. Plantaginaceae Plantago major Common Plantain 1 Forbs Perennial SNA 157. Colonial Bent 1 Poaceae Agrostis capillaris Grass Graminoids Perennial SNA 158. Poaceae Agrostis gigantea Redtop 1 Graminoids Perennial SNA 159. Poaceae Agrostis scabra Rough Bent Grass 1 Graminoids Perennial S5 160. Poaceae Agrostis sp. Bentgrass 1 Graminoids Unknown 161. Creeping Bent 1 Poaceae Agrostis stolonifera Grass Graminoids Perennial S5 162. Poaceae Alopecurus pratensis Meadow Foxtail 1 Graminoids Perennial SNA 163. Anthoxanthum Large Sweet 1 Poaceae odoratum Vernal Grass Graminoids Perennial SNA 164. Poaceae Bromus erectus Meadow Brome 2 Graminoids Perennial SNA 165. Poaceae Dactylis glomerata Orchard Grass 1 Graminoids Perennial SNA 166. Flattened Oat 1 Poaceae Danthonia compressa Grass Graminoids Perennial S5 167. Poaceae Danthonia spicata Poverty Oat Grass 1 Graminoids Perennial S5 168. Deschampsia 1 Poaceae caespitosa Tufted Hair Grass Graminoids Perennial S4 169. Poaceae Deschampsia flexuosa Wavy Hair Grass 1 Graminoids Perennial S5 170. Dichanthelium Woolly Panic 1 Poaceae acuminatum Grass Graminoids Perennial S5 171. Smooth Crab 1 Poaceae Digitaria ischaemum Grass Graminoids Annual SNA 172. Poaceae Elymus repens Quack Grass 1 Graminoids Perennial SNA 173. Poaceae Festuca filiformis Hair Fescue 1 Graminoids Perennial SNA 174. Poaceae Festuca rubra Red Fescue 1 Graminoids Perennial S5 175. White-grained 2 mountain Poaceae Oryzopsis asperifolia ricegrass Graminoids Perennial S5 176. Poaceae Panicum sp. a Panic-grass 1 Graminoids Unknown 177. Common 1 Poaceae Phleum pratense Timothy Graminoids Perennial SNA 178. Annual Blue 1 Poaceae Poa annua Grass Graminoids Annual SNA 179. Poaceae Poa nemoralis Wood Blue Grass 1 Graminoids Perennial SNA 180. Poaceae Poa palustris Fowl Blue Grass 1 Graminoids Perennial S5 181. Poaceae Poa pratensis Kentucky Blue 1 Graminoids Perennial S5 Grass 182. Poaceae Setaria glauca Yellow Foxtail 1 Graminoids Annual SNA 183. Poaceae Torreyochloa pallida Pale manna grass 2 Graminoids Perennial S4S5 184. Polygonum Oval- 1 Polygonaceae arenastrum Knotweed Forbs Annual S5 185. Prostrate 1 Polygonaceae Polygonum aviculare Knotweed Forbs Annual S5 186. Polygonum Eurasian Black 1 Polygonaceae convolvulus Bindweed Forbs Perennial SNA 187. Polygonum Japanese 1 Polygonaceae cuspidatum Knotweed Forbs Perennial SNA 188. Spotted Lady's- 1 Polygonaceae Polygonum persicaria thumb Forbs Annual SNA 189. Polygonaceae Rumex acetosella Sheep Sorrel 1 Forbs Perennial SNA 190. Polygonaceae Rumex crispus Curled Dock 1 Forbs Perennial SNA 191. Polypodium 1 Pteridophyt Polypodiaceae virginianum Rock Polypody es Perennial S5 192. Northern 1 Primulaceae Trientalis borealis Starflower Forbs Perennial S5 193. Ranuncula ceae Coptis trifolia Goldthread 1 Forbs Perennial S5 194. Common 1 Ranunculaceae Ranunculus acris Buttercup Forbs Perennial SNA 195. Creeping 1 Ranunculaceae Ranunculus repens Buttercup Forbs Perennial SNA 196. Serviceberry 2 Rosaceae Amelanchier sp. species Trees Perennial S? 197. Rosaceae Amelanchier sp. Serviceberries 1 Shrubs Perennial 198. Rosaceae Crataegus monogyna English Hawthorn 1 Trees Perennial SNA 199. Woodland 2 Rosaceae Frageria vesca Strawberry Forbs Perennial S4 200. Rosaceae Malus pumila Common Apple 1 Trees Perennial SNA 201. Rosaceae Photinia sp. Chokeberry 1 Shrubs Perennial 202. Silvery 1 Rosaceae Potentilla argentea Cinquefoil Forbs Perennial SNA 203. Old Field 1 Rosaceae Potentilla simplex Cinquefoil Forbs Perennial S5 204. Rosaceae Prunus pensylvanica Pin Cherry 1 Trees Perennial S5 205. 1 Climbers(~ Rosaceae Rosa multiflora Multiflora Rose woody) Perennial SNA 206. Rosaceae Rosa sp. a Rose 1 Subshrubs Perennial 207. Allegheny 1 Rosaceae Rubus allegheniensis Blackberry Subshrubs Perennial S5 208. Smooth 1 Rosaceae Rubus canadensis Blackberry Subshrubs Perennial S5 209. Rosaceae Rubus hispidus Bristly Dewberry 1 Subshrubs Perennial S5 210. Rosaceae Rubus idaeus Red Raspberry 1 Subshrubs Perennial S5 211. Rosaceae Rubus pubescens Dewberry 2 Subshrubs Perennial S5 212. Arching 1 Rosaceae Rubus recurvicaulis Dewberry Subshrubs Perennial SNR 213. Rosaceae Rubus strigosus Wild Raspberry 2 Subshrubs Perennial S5 214. Sibbaldiopsis Three-Toothed 1 Rosaceae tridentata Cinquefoil Forbs Perennial S5 215. American 1 Rosaceae Sorbus americana Mountain Ash Trees Perennial S5 216. White 1 Rosaceae Spiraea alba Meadowsweet Shrubs Perennial S5 217. Rubiaceae Hedyotis caerulea Bluets 2 Forbs Perennial S5 218. Rubiaceae Mitchella repens Partridgeberry 1 Forbs Perennial S5 219. Salicaceae Populus alba White Poplar 1 Trees Perennial SNA 220. Large-toothed 1 Salicaceae Populus grandidentata Aspen Trees Perennial S5 221. Salicaceae Populus tremuloides Trembling Aspen 1 Trees Perennial S5 222. Salicaceae Salix sp. a Willow 1 Trees Perennial na 223. Scrophulariaceae Linaria vulgaris Butter-And-Eggs 1 Forbs Perennial SNA 224. American Cow 1 Scrophulariaceae Melampyrum lineare Wheat Forbs Annual S5 225. Common 1 Scrophulariaceae Veronica officinalis Speedwell Forbs Perennial S5 226. Veronica serpyllifolia Thyme-Leaved 1 Scrophulariaceae ssp. serpyllifolia Speedwell Forbs Perennial SNA 227. Bittersweet 1 Climbers(~ Solanaceae Solanum dulcamara Nightshade woody) Perennial SNA 228. Taxaceae Taxus canadensis Canada Yew 2 Shrubs Perennial S5 229. Basswood, 3 Tiliaceae Tilia americana American Linden Trees Perennial - 230. Tiliaceae Tilia x europaea European Linden 3 Trees Perennial SNA 231. Ulmaceae Ulmus americana American Elm 2 Trees Perennial S4 232. Ulmaceae Ulmus glabra Wych Elm 1 Trees Perennial SNA 233. Violaceae Viola cucullata Blue Violet 2 Forbs Perennial S5 234. Violaceae Viola sp. a Violet 1 Forbs Unknown

REFS

1. Rich LaPaix. 2009. Vegetation composition and structure as indicators of ecological integrity within urban parks of Halifax Regional Municipality. MSc thesis, Biology Department, Dalhousie University. LaPaix, R. and B. Freedman. 2010. Vegetation structure and composition within urban parks of Halifax Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia, Canada. Landscape and Urban Planning, 98: 124-135

2. Burley, S., S.L. Robinson & J.T. Lundholm. 2008. Post-hurricane vegetation recovery in an urban forest. Landscape and Urban Planning 85 111–122

3. Point Pleasant Park Master Plan: Comprehensive Plan October 2008 submitted to HRM by NIPpaysage & Ekistics Planning and Design in association withPeter N. Duinker http://www.pointpleasantpark.ca/en/home/planning/default.aspx

From this report: Trees planted 2007-2008 (Numbers) Ash, Black 8,600 Ash, White 2,900 Aspen, Largetooth 1,000 Aspen, Trembling 1,400 Birch, Yellow 9,700 Cherry, Black 750 Elm, American 1,000 Hemlock,Eastern 4,250 Ironwood 4,750 Larch 2,750 Maple, Red 1,300 Maple, Sugar 10,600 Oak, Red 8,700 Pine, Jack 3,000 Pine, Red 3,000 Pine, White 6,550 Willow, Pussy

4. Personal observation (David Patriquin)