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The Origin, Nature, Importance and Improvement of Business and Other Ethics

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The Origin, Nature, Importance and Improvement of Business and Other Ethics CHEATING THE ORIGIN, NATURE, IMPORTANCE AND IMPROVEMENT OF BUSINESS AND OTHER ETHICS WALLACE R. BAKER ©2017 Wallace R. Baker CHEATING THE ORIGIN, NATURE, IMPORTANCE AND IMPROVEMENT OF BUSINESS AND OTHER ETHICS A Framework for Thinking Ethically ............................................................ 6 Definition of Ethics – Ancient vs Modern ................................................... 6 Ethics in Selling Weapons ............................................................................ 9 Heterogeneity, Complexity and Difficulty of some Ethical Problems ........ 10 Other Philosophers Give Examples of Difficult, Ethical (Moral) Problems11 Unethical Conduct Uncovers a Biological Miracle of Great Benefit to Mankind ...................................................................................................... 12 Ethical Short Comings not only in the Financial Sector ............................. 12 Work Ethic and Earning Money ................................................................. 13 When Greed conquers Ethics – Crises ........................................................ 14 Short Term vs Long Term Profit and Accountability ................................. 15 Excessive Competition ................................................................................ 16 Taking Care of Your Own Interests is Ethical if not Excessive .................. 16 Do Animals and Insects have Ethics? ......................................................... 18 Cooperative Meerkats ................................................................................. 19 Female Lemurs Lead ................................................................................... 19 Female Bonobo Apes Control Demonic Males ........................................... 20 Charles Darwin ........................................................................................... 21 Konrad Lorenz ............................................................................................ 21 Julian Huxley .............................................................................................. 22 Desiderius Erasmus, a Humanist................................................................. 24 Jessica Flack's and B.M. de Waal's Principle Paper entitled: "Any Animal Whatsoever" Darwin and Building Blocks of Morality in Monkeys and Apes. ........................................................................................................... 30 Gruter – Primates and Law ......................................................................... 34 How, When and Why Did the Unique Aspects of Human Morality Arise? 35 Are We Really Altruistic? ........................................................................... 35 Can Fairness evolve? Game Theory, Rationality and Evolution of the Social Contract ....................................................................................................... 35 Relation of Science, Religion and Ethics – E.O. Wilson ............................ 36 The Social Conquest of this Earth ............................................................... 39 The Origins of Morality and Honor ............................................................ 43 From Darwin’s Survival of the Fittest to Human Altruism ......................... 43 Psychologist Donald T. Campbell's New Ideas .......................................... 45 Anthropologist Christopher Boehm's theories on Moral Origins ................ 46 Marc D. Hauser: A Dishonest Authority on Moral Minds .......................... 53 Disgrace – Charles Gross ............................................................................ 57 Marc D. Hauser: After Disgrace He Explains Evil ..................................... 58 Is Ethical Conduct Better Decided by an Individual or a Group? ............... 61 Games Primates Play – Dario Maestripieri ................................................. 65 (i) "Dilemmas in Elevators – The Cavemen's Legacy" ................................... 68 Obsession of Dominance ............................................................................ 70 We are all Mafiosi ...................................................................................... 74 Climbing the Ladder ................................................................................... 76 Cooperate in the Spotlight, Compete in the Dark ....................................... 77 The Altruist in the Spotlight ....................................................................... 78 Why it's so Difficult to Protect the Environment ........................................ 78 Love – Economics and Evolutionary Biology ............................................ 80 Pair Bonding – Raising Children ................................................................ 81 Breaking the Bond ...................................................................................... 82 Long Lasting Happy Marriages .................................................................. 83 Selfish Children .......................................................................................... 84 Larger Communities: Less Enforcement of Ethics ..................................... 85 Religion ...................................................................................................... 86 Religion Necessary for Survival - Malraux ................................................ 87 Religious Extremists and Violence ............................................................. 88 Religion and Insanity .................................................................................. 88 Religious Faith – Stability or not? .............................................................. 88 Religious Persecutions ................................................................................ 89 Spinoza ....................................................................................................... 89 Catholics and Jews...................................................................................... 90 Natural Law as a Source of Ethics .............................................................. 91 Behavioral Economics – Cooperation – An Economic Basis for Ethics .... 91 Paul Kurtz’s Secular Ethics ........................................................................ 93 Neuroscience: Ethical Conduct and Generosity Gives Pleasure in Brain ... 94 Brutality and Violence ................................................................................ 94 Cyrulnik’s Good Guilt ................................................................................ 95 William Perry’s Study – Effect of Education on Ethics ............................. 96 Improved Position of Women in Society: Less Discrimination ................. 97 Sexual Ethics .............................................................................................. 98 Leaders and Ethics ...................................................................................... 99 Love your enemies? .................................................................................. 100 Levinas – The Divine in Interhuman Relations ........................................ 101 Atheistic Ethics ......................................................................................... 101 Ethics by Public Opinion? ........................................................................ 101 In Asia Ethics exist Without a Monotheistic God .................................... 102 In Ethics Culture Counts – Ruth Benedict ................................................ 102 Cartoons depicting Mohammed ................................................................ 102 Whistleblowers ......................................................................................... 102 Conflicts – Legal Ethics ........................................................................... 103 Ethics vary depending upon Place and Time ............................................ 104 Different Genders, Different Ethics .......................................................... 104 Conflict of Sexual Ethics: A Moroccan Suicide ....................................... 104 "The Trust Molecule" ............................................................................... 105 Edelman “Trust Barometer” ..................................................................... 107 Do Universal Ethics Exist? Yersu Kim’s UNESCO Study ...................... 108 Public Opinion on Universal Ethics – Adrian van de Staay ..................... 110 Universal Declaration of Human Genome and Human Rights ................. 111 Declaration of the Rights of Man of 1948 and Adoption in 1966 – Individualistic Culture vs Duties to Community ...................................... 111 Declaration of the Rights of Man – No Duties? ....................................... 112 (ii) Hegel's duties ............................................................................................ 113 Duties to oneself ....................................................................................... 113 Family Duty .............................................................................................. 114 Duties to the Nation .................................................................................. 114 Duties to others ......................................................................................... 114 The Impossible Universality of Human Rights ......................................... 115 Ethics in Asia ...........................................................................................
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