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The Influence of Intuition on the Development of Spirituality Item Type text; Electronic Dissertation Authors Attig, Sheryl Adrienne Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 26/09/2021 04:06:42 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/196059 1 THE INFLUENCE OF INTUITION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPIRITUALITY By Sheryl Attig _________________ A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2010 2 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA GRADUATE COLLEGE As members of the Dissertation Committee, we certify that we have read the dissertation prepared by Sheryl Attig entitled The Influence of Intuition on the Development of Spirituality and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy ____________________________________________________________ Date: 6/27/10 Gary E. Schwartz ____________________________________________________________ Date: 6/27/10 Aurelio Jose Figueredo ____________________________________________________________ Date: 6/27/10 W. Jake Jacobs Final approval and acceptance of this dissertation is contingent upon the candidate's submission of the final copies of the dissertation to the Graduate College. I hereby certify that I have read this dissertation prepared under my direction and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement. ________________________________________ Date: 6/27/10 Dissertation Director: Gary E. Schwartz 3 STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This dissertation has been submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for an advanced degree at the University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this dissertation are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgment of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the head of the major department or the Dean of the Graduate College when in his or her judgment the proposed use of the material is in the interests of scholarship. In all other instances, however, permission must be obtained from the author. SIGNED: Sheryl Attig 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank all of those who have helped me in the creation of this dissertation. First, I would like to thank my committee members, Dr. Gary Schwartz, Dr. Aurelio Jose Figueredo, and Dr. W. Jake Jacobs, who guided me throughout this entire process helping me to refine my ideas, find appropriate measures, use appropriate statistics, and to make the final document coherent and interesting. I would especially like to thank my advisor, Dr. Gary Schwartz, for 12 years of guidance, teaching, and fun. I would also like to thank KC Bryson for her expert guidance in statistics, her creative suggestions, and all of her tireless work that went into this project. Many thanks to Karine Garcia and Jeff Wright, research assistants, who entered all of the data into a database and contributed to the extensive literature search. Thanks also to Thomas Attig and Betty Davies who provided considerable editorial contributions. Thanks to Bernard Beitman who provided me with a number of articles on the Weird Coincidence Scale. Thanks to my husband for all of those times he watched our son so I could work on this project. Thanks also to the many spiritual teachers I have had, especially Oscar Miro-Quesada, and to the world of spirit, for inspiring this research. Thanks to Canyon Ranch of Tucson, Arizona for funding this project. 5 DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to Skyler Thomas Buotte, my son who I love with all my heart, who was conceived at the same time the idea for this dissertation was conceived and who has grown up alongside it. Skyler, this is your twin. 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES...............................................................................................................9 LIST OF FIGURES...........................................................................................................10 ABSTRACT.......................................................................................................................11 CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION......................................................................................13 My Story...................................................................................................................20 The Purpose of this Study.......................................................................................31 CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE...........................................................34 Defining Intuition....................................................................................................34 Types of Intuition.................................................................................................35 The Intuitive Process...........................................................................................35 Intuition as Spiritual Experience.........................................................................36 Limitations of Intuition........................................................................................37 The Use of Intuition................................................................................................37 Measuring Intuition................................................................................................38 The Myers-Briggs Type Inventory......................................................................38 Intuition as a Personality Trait..........................................................................41 The Usefulness of Intuition....................................................................................41 Intuition vs. Insight................................................................................................42 The Source of Intuition..........................................................................................46 Intuition as Evolutionarily Adaptive...................................................................46 Intuition: Unipolar vs. Bipolar Dimension..........................................................48 Neural Basis for a Two-Process system..............................................................51 Hot System vs. Cool System................................................................................53 The Intuitive Personality.......................................................................................54 Learning to be Intuitive........................................................................................57 Defining Religion and Spirituality.......................................................................64 A Neural Basis for Religion and Spirituality......................................................71 Evolution and the need for Intuition and Religion.............................................72 The Religious Personality and Intuition..............................................................74 Spirituality as it relates to Intuition.....................................................................77 Mysticism............................................................................................................77 Paranormal Belief and Experience as it relates to Intuition..............................78 Absorption as it relates to Intuition and Spirituality.........................................81 Weird Coincidences as a Measure of Spirituality...............................................82 Transliminality.......................................................................................................88 Theory and Construct Development...................................................................88 Increased Sensitivity...........................................................................................90 Enhanced Creativity...........................................................................................92 Refining the Construct........................................................................................93 Scale Construction..............................................................................................94 Relation to Dreams.............................................................................................96 Kundalini and Drug Use Correlates...................................................................96 7 TABLE OF CONTENTS- Continued Thin Boundaries and Synesthesia.......................................................................98 Potential Brain Correlates................................................................................100 Schizotypy Defined..............................................................................................100 Schizotypy as it Relates to Intuition, Spirituality, and Religion......................102 CHAPTER III: RESEARCH MODEL..........................................................................108 Overview...............................................................................................................108