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The Electromagnetic Spectrum

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The Electromagnetic Spectrum The Electromagnetic Spectrum Wavelength/frequency/energy MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 1 Teacher Page • Content: Physical Science—The Electromagnetic Spectrum • Grade Level: High School • Creator: Dorothy Walk • Curriculum Objectives: SC 1; Intro Phys/Chem IV.A (waves) MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 2 MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 3 What is it? • The electromagnetic spectrum is the complete spectrum or continuum of light including radio waves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet light, X- rays and gamma rays • An electromagnetic wave consists of electric and magnetic fields which vibrates thus making waves. MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 4 Waves • Properties of waves include speed, frequency and wavelength • Speed (s), frequency (f) and wavelength (l) are related in the formula l x f = s • All light travels at a speed of 3 s 108 m/s in a vacuum MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 5 Wavelength, Frequency and Energy • Since all light travels at the same speed, wavelength and frequency have an indirect relationship. • Light with a short wavelength will have a high frequency and light with a long wavelength will have a low frequency. • Light with short wavelengths has high energy and long wavelength has low energy MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 6 MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 7 Radio waves • Low energy waves with long wavelengths • Includes FM, AM, radar and TV waves • Wavelengths of 10-1m and longer • Low frequency • Used in many devices such as remote control items, cell phones, wireless devices, etc. MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 8 MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 9 Microwaves • Longer than radio, shorter than light and infrared • Wavelength 1 x 10 - 4 m to 1 x 10-1 m • First used in radar, now used in communication, medicine and consumer use (microwave ovens) MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 10 MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 11 Infrared waves • Invisible electromagnetic waves that are detected as heat • Can be detected with special devices such as night goggles • Used in heat lamps • Higher energy than microwaves but lower than visible light MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 12 MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 13 Visible Light • The portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that human eyes can detect • ROY G BIV (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet) • Red is the lowest frequency and violet is the highest frequency MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 14 MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 15 Ultraviolet waves • Higher energy than light waves • Can cause skin cancer and blindness in humans • Used in tanning beds and sterilizing equipment MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 16 MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 17 X-Rays • High energy waves • First discovered by Roentgen • Used in medicine, industry and astronomy • Can cause cancer MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 18 MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 19 Gamma rays • Highest energy • Blocked from Earth’s surface by atmosphere MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 20 MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 21 MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 22 Time to think….. • 1. What is the relationship between frequency and wavelength? • 2. What is meant by ‘spectrum’? • 3. What does ROY G BIV mean? MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 23 Now, let’s really think • 4. Can you actually see x-rays? – Support your answer. • 5. Which color is more energetic, red or yellow? • 6. Which type of wave travels faster, gamma or radio? • 7. Why are microwaves more dangerous than radio waves? MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 24 Think about it…. • You have just been involved in a traffic incident that leaves you stranded on the side of the road. Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum would be of the most use to you and why? MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 25 Answers • 1. Frequency and wavelength are properties of waves and since speed is constant for em waves, as frequency increases, wavelength decreases. • 2. Spectrum is a continuum of all electromagnetic waves • 3, ROY G BIV is the difference colors of the visible light in order of longest wavelength to shortest wavelength. • 4. X-rays can not be seen, only the waves in the visible light portion are visible. • 5. Yellow is higher energy than red because it has a shorter wavelength and higher frequency. • 6. Both travel at the same speed, 300,000 km/s (all em waves travel at the same speed) • 7. Microwaves have a higher frequency than radio and carry more energy. MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 26 .
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