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1/2011 Rohingya Refugees in Bangladesh and Thailand 1/2011 ENG Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh and Thailand Fact finding mission to Bangladesh and Thailand 4 to 17 February 2011 Copenhagen, May 2011 Danish Immigration Service Ryesgade 53 2100 Copenhagen Ø Phone: 00 45 35 36 66 00 Web: www.newtodenmark.dk E-mail: [email protected] Overview of fact finding reports published in 2010 and 2011 Honour Crimes against Men in Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI) and the Availability of Protection, Report from Danish Immigration Service’s fact-finding mission to Erbil, Sulemaniyah and Dahuk, KRI, 6 to 20 January 2010 2010: 1 Entry Procedures and Residence in Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI) for Iraqi Nationals, Report from Danish Immigration Service’s fact-finding mission to Erbil, Sulemaniyah, Dahuk, KRI and Amman, Jordan, 6 to 20 January and 25 February to 15 March 2010 2010: 2 Human rights issues concerning Kurds in Syria, Report of a joint fact finding mission by the Danish Immigration Service (DIS) and ACCORD/Austrian Red Cross to Damascus, Syria, Beirut, Lebanon, and Erbil and Dohuk, Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI), 21 January to 8 February 2010 2010: 3 Allegations against the National Agency for the Prohibition of Traffic in Persons (NAPTIP) and warnings against return to Nigeria, Report from Danish Immigration Service’s fact-finding mission to Abuja, Nigeria, 9 to 17 June 2010 2010: 4 Security and Human Rights in South/Central Iraq, Report from Danish Immigration Service’s fact- finding mission to Amman, Jordan and Baghdad, Iraq, 25 February to 9 March and 6 to 16 April 2010 2010: 5 Human Rights and Security Issues concerning Tamils in Sri Lanka, Report from Danish Immigration Service’s fact-finding mission to Colombo, Sri Lanka, 19 June to 3 July 2010 2010: 6 Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh and Thailand, Fact finding mission to Bangladesh and Thailand, 4 to 17 February 2011 2011: 1 Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh and Thailand CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................................................. 4 INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGY ......................................................................................................... 5 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND ......................................................................................................................... 7 INFLUX OF REFUGEES FROM ARAKAN/NRS TO BANGLADESH (UP TO 1992) ................................................................................... 7 MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS IN THE SITUATION FOR THE ROHINGYA IN BANGLADESH SINCE 1992............................................................. 8 CURRENT SITUATION IN NORTH RAKHINE STATE IN BURMA ......................................................................................................... 9 I. DISTINCTIVE CULTURAL FEATURES OF THE ROHINGYA ................................................................... 10 I.1. LANGUAGE ISSUES ....................................................................................................................................................... 10 I.2 CULTURAL AND RELIGIOUS PRACTICES ............................................................................................................................... 12 I.3 ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL SITUATION, INCLUDING ACCESS TO EMPLOYMENT AND MOBILITY ............................................................ 13 I.3.1 Child labour ..................................................................................................................................................... 16 I.4 FAMILY ORGANIZATION AND SOCIAL RELATIONS BETWEEN THE ROHINGYA REFUGEES ................................................................. 17 I.5. MIXED MARRIAGES BETWEEN ROHINGYA AND BANGLADESHIS ............................................................................................. 18 I.6 EXISTENCE OF LOCAL AND/OR INTERNATIONAL NETWORKS.................................................................................................... 19 II. SITUATION FOR ROHINGYA REGISTERED IN REFUGEE CAMPS IN BANGLADESH ....................... 20 II.1 ORGANISATION OF THE CAMPS ....................................................................................................................................... 21 II.2. RELATION BETWEEN CAMP REFUGEES AND ROHINGYA LIVING OUTSIDE THE CAMPS .................................................................. 22 II.3. POSSESSION OF ID DOCUMENTS FROM BURMA ................................................................................................................ 22 II.4. ID DOCUMENTS FOR CAMP RESIDENTS ............................................................................................................................ 22 II.4.1 1991-1992 ‘The Pink Form’ ............................................................................................................................. 22 II.4.2 1992 Family Book (FB) .................................................................................................................................... 22 II.4.3 2007 Non Food Item (NFI) distribution sheet, Yellow Sheet ........................................................................... 24 II.4.4 2007 Medical Data Sheet ............................................................................................................................... 24 II.4.5 2008 Refugee ID Cards ................................................................................................................................... 24 II.4.7 UNHCR Updating of registers ......................................................................................................................... 25 II.5. PROCEDURE FOR VERIFYING REGISTRATION IN THE CAMPS .................................................................................................. 25 II.6 RESETTLEMENT OF REFUGEES FROM BANGLADESH ............................................................................................................. 26 III. SITUATION FOR UNREGISTERED/ ILLEGAL ROHINGYA IN BANGLADESH ..................................... 26 III.1 UNREGISTERED ROHINGYA OUTSIDE THE CAMPS ............................................................................................................... 26 III.2. SITUATION IN THE MAKESHIFT CAMPS ............................................................................................................................ 29 III.3. ATTITUDE OF LOCAL AUTHORITIES TOWARDS THE UNREGISTERED ROHINGYA GROUP ............................................................... 31 III.3.1 Push backs/deportations ............................................................................................................................... 34 III.4 POSSIBILITY TO CROSS THE BORDER BETWEEN BANGLADESH AND BURMA .............................................................................. 35 III.5 ROHINGYA’S POSSIBILITY TO GO TO THEIR PLACE OF ORIGIN IN BURMA AND COME BACK TO BANGLADESH .................................... 37 III.6 POSSIBILITY TO CROSS THE BORDER AND COME BACK IN ONE DAY ......................................................................................... 37 IV. ID DOCUMENTS ........................................................................................................................................ 38 IV.1 BURMESE ROHINGYA’S ID DOCUMENTS.......................................................................................................................... 38 IV.1.1 NRC/TRC ........................................................................................................................................................ 38 IV.1.2 Birth certificates ............................................................................................................................................ 38 IV.1.3 Other documents........................................................................................................................................... 38 IV. 2 ROHINGYA’S POSSIBILITY TO OBTAIN BANGLADESHI ID DOCUMENTS AND PASSPORTS .............................................................. 39 IV.3 LOCAL BANGLADESHI PEOPLE’S POSSIBILITY TO OBTAIN ROHINGYA DOCUMENTS ..................................................................... 41 IV.4 REGISTRATION AND CHANGES IN FAMILY BOOKS ............................................................................................................... 42 2 Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh and Thailand V SECUNDARY MOVEMENTS OF ROHINGYA ............................................................................................ 42 V.1 MOBILITY OUT OF BANGLADESH .................................................................................................................................... 42 V.2 MOBILITY OUT OF THAILAND ......................................................................................................................................... 44 VI ROHINGYA REFUGEES IN THAILAND .................................................................................................... 45 VI.1 ATTITUDE OF THAI AUTHORITIES TO ROHINGYA ................................................................................................................ 46 VI.1.1 Interceptions of refugee boats by Thai navy ................................................................................................. 47 VI.2 THAI REFUGEE CAMPS ................................................................................................................................................
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