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A Tape Recorder and a W ink? Transcript of the May 29, 1983, M eeting between G overnor Carrascalao and Xanana G usmao Introduction and translation by Douglas Kammen On March 23, 1983, more than seven years after the Indonesian invasion of Portuguese Timor, the Indonesian sub-regional military commander in East Timor, Colonel Purwanto, met with the leader of the Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor (Frente Revolucionaria de Timor-Leste Independente, abbreviated Fretilin), Jose Alexandre "Kay Rala Xanana" Gusmao, and agreed to a temporary ceasefire. This was a truly extraordinary development. Indonesian officials had long insisted that the 1976 act of "integration" was final and irreversible. With the fall of the last Fretilin base areas in the eastern sector in October 1978 and in the western sector in early 1979, the Indonesian military (ABRI) believed that the resistance had been reduced to a mere one hundred rebels, who were now euphemistically referred to as a "band of security disturbers" (gerombolan pengacau keamanan). In 1981, ABRI mobilized at least 60,000 civilians to sweep across the territory to flush out those remaining individuals. And in mid-January 1983, Colonel Purwanto told journalists that "the band of [security] disturbers in East Timor, who are the remnants of Fretilin forces, have no more than one hundred weapons and five hundred members."1 And yet, the resistance not only 1 Paraphrased in "Gangguan Fretilin Sudah Tidak Berarti, Timor Timur Terbuka Untuk Dikunjungi," Sinar Harapan, January 15,1983. Indonesia 87 (April 2009) 74 Douglas Kammen survived but won tactical victories. None was more significant than the ceasefire negotiated in March 1983.
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