July 12, 2020 SB – School Basement R – Rectory CH – Church
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
MT Papal Intrigu Es Against Irish Liberty From
M T PA PAL I N T R I GU ES AGAINST IRISH LIB ERT Y FROM H rri n IV D XIII d a . to ec . BY A MA IRE J MES G. GU , - EX J UDGE T HE SUPE I C OURT SAN A NC I SC C A LI NI A . OF R OR OF FR O . FOR T H I RD ED IT I O N. SAN FRANCISCO B AME . ARRY S 429 . j H , MONTGOMERY STREET 1 890 . Ifle la fl d a nd T he Po e p . A BRIEF HIST O RY OF PAPAL I NT R I GU ES AGAINST IRISH LIB ERT Y FROM H rfi n IV III . o X d a t . BY AMES G. MAGUIRE J , J UDGE T HE SUPE I C OURT SAN A NC I SC C A LI NI A OF R OR OF FR O , FOR . ' T /z R s r f must be be d e e e zp o ye . A D INA . C R L SIMEONI J . A e y , u in fl They can crush s as ages own. ’ What to them is a nation s angui sh ” more Nothing than a dying groan . UNA . OF T B l l SAN FRANCISCO R Y Y . B 429 . JAMES H A R , MONTGOMER STREET 1 888 . D D CA O N E I T I . To the heroes who , in spite of popes and kings , on r ish poured their blood the altar of I liberty , and fl thus kept alive the patriot ame , through the long ’ centuries of I rel and s night of slavery ; and to all the living priests and people who believe that I re land ’ s struggle for liberty should not be postponed to await the pleasure of any foreign potentate , this book is affectionately dedicated . -
The Ridale Family, Rather the De Ridales to Help Distinguish Them
Marritt, S. (2011) The Ridale papal letters and royal charter: a twelfth- century Anglo-Scottish baronial family, the papacy, the law, and charter diplomatic. English Historical Review, CXXVI (523). pp. 1332-1354. ISSN 0013-8266 http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/59664 Deposited on: 02 February 2012 Enlighten – Research publications by members of the University of Glasgow http://eprints.gla.ac.uk 1 The Ridale Papal Letters and Royal Charter: a Twelfth-century Anglo-Scottish Baronial Family, the Papacy, the Law, and Charter Diplomatic* Three original papal letters issued between 1156 and 1176 for the Ridale family concerning lands in Scotland and the North Riding of Yorkshire survive among the manuscripts of their descendants the Riddells of Whitefield, Hepple, Northumberland.1 The letters were well known in the nineteenth century but they have been little studied since, despite being amongst the earliest extant papal letters for a twelfth-century baronial family (indeed, the only Scottish examples) and, as a set of such documents, extraordinarily rare.2 As late as the 1820s, the Riddells also still held a King David I of Scotland charter granting Walter de Ridale land in Lilliesleaf and elsewhere in Teviotdale, Roxburghshire (1145x1153).3 It is now lost, but its text contains the earliest Scottish royal warrandice clause and one of the earliest Scottish references to tenure for a specified amount of knight service.4 Pope Adrian IV issued the first papal letter in 1156 for Walter’s brother Ansketill, confirming his possessions and especially Walter’s bequest to him by his testamentum of the Scottish estates. Such a bequest of land held by knight service to a secular beneficiary is another *I am very grateful to Professor Dauvit Broun and Dr Bryan Dick of the University of Glasgow for their advice and encouragement in the preparation of this article, to the readers for EHR for their perceptive suggestions, and to the staff of the Northumberland Collections Service at Woodhorn for their help with the manuscripts. -
St. Bernard of Clairvaux Feast: August 20
St. Bernard of Clairvaux Feast: August 20 Facts Feast day: August 20 Death: 1153 St. Bernard, Abbot and Doctor of the Church St. Bernard was born of noble parentage in Burgundy, France, in the castle of Fontaines near Dijon. Under the care of his pious parents he was sent at an early age to a college at Chatillon, where he was conspicuous for his remarkable piety and spirit of recollection. At the same place he entered upon the studies of theology and Holy Scripture. After the death of his mother, fearing the snares and temptations of the world, he resolved to embrace the newly established and very austere institute of the Cistercian Order, of which he was destined to become the greatest ornament. He also persuaded his brothers and several of his friends to follow his example. In 1113, St. Bernard, with thirty young noblemen, presented himself to the holy Abbot, St. Stephen, at Citeaux. After a novitiate spent in great fervor, he made his profession in the following year. His superior soon after, seeing the great progress he had made in the spiritual life, sent him with twelve monks to found a new monastery, which afterward became known as the celebrated Abbey of Clairvaux. St. Bernard was at once appointed Abbot and began that active life which has rendered him the most conspicuous figure in the history of the 12th century. He founded numerous other monasteries, composed a number of works and undertook many journeys for the honor of God. Several Bishoprics were offered him, but he refused them all. -
Papal Overlordship and Protectio of the King, C.1000-1300
1 PAPAL OVERLORDSHIP AND PROTECTIO OF THE KING, c.1000-1300 Benedict Wiedemann UCL Submitted for the degree of PhD in History 2017 2 I, Benedict Wiedemann, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. 3 Papal Overlordship and Protectio of the King, c.1000-1300 Abstract This thesis focuses on papal overlordship of monarchs in the middle ages. It examines the nature of alliances between popes and kings which have traditionally been called ‘feudal’ or – more recently – ‘protective’. Previous scholarship has assumed that there was a distinction between kingdoms under papal protection and kingdoms under papal overlordship. I argue that protection and feudal overlordship were distinct categories only from the later twelfth and early thirteenth centuries. Before then, papal-royal alliances tended to be ad hoc and did not take on more general forms. At the beginning of the thirteenth century kingdoms started to be called ‘fiefs’ of the papacy. This new type of relationship came from England, when King John surrendered his kingdoms to the papacy in 1213. From then on this ‘feudal’ relationship was applied to the pope’s relationship with the king of Sicily. This new – more codified – feudal relationship seems to have been introduced to the papacy by the English royal court rather than by another source such as learned Italian jurists, as might have been expected. A common assumption about how papal overlordship worked is that it came about because of the active attempts of an over-mighty papacy to advance its power for its own sake. -
Special Issue of the Shepherd's Flock Report!
Special Issue of the Shepherd’s Flock Report! Teachable Moment…..Election of a pope! Inside this special Issue are Background information for catechists and activities for our students. Who is the Pope? ACTIVITY—Qualities of a Pope. The title pope, once used with far greater lati- Have the students talk about what the qualities tude (see below, section V), is at present em- of a good selection of pope should possess. ployed solely to denote the Bishop of Rome, Make a list of the things thy name. who, in virtue of his position as successor of After a few minutes read the story of the God St. Peter, is the chief pastor of the whole Shepherd and or the 23rd Psalm. (both are on Church, the Vicar of Christ upon earth. the next page) Explain the meaning of scriptures. Besides the bishopric of the Roman Dio- cese, certain other dignities are held by the Jesus is the shepherd who cares for all people. pope as well as the supreme and universal The Pope is the shepherd of the flock on earth pastorate: he is Archbishop of the Roman We are that flock. Province, Primate of Italy and the adjacent What other qualities of the pope should we islands, and sole Patriarch of the Western add to the list. Then hang the list in the hall- Church. The Church's doctrine as to the way . The list can be done on butcher paper pope was authoritatively declared in the Vatican Council in the Constitution "Pastor that is in the closet in room 6. -
The Englishman Who Became a Pope
THE EXGLISHMAX WHO BECA^IE A POPE BY J. V. NASH THE recent agreement entered into between Premier ]\lussolini and the Vatican, resulting in the restoration—along much re- stricted Hnes—of the temporal power of the Pope, opens up a num- ber of unusual prospects for the future of the papacy. For instance, there is the possibility of the election, for the first time since the Reformation, of a non-Italian Pope. While the relations of Italy and the Vatican were still unsettled, the choice of a foreign Pope would have been extremely hazardous. The Italian government, if brought into conflict with an alien Pontiff, might have used his nationalty as an excuse for his expulsion from Italy and possibly for abolishing the papacy or subjecting it to the secular power. But since the \^atican has secured the rights of a sovereign nation, under treaty guaranties, these difficulties disappear, and the question already is being asked, will the next Pope be an American ? Although in pre-Reformation days there were many non-Italian Popes, it is curious that Ireland, for centuries the chief bulwark of Catholicism in northern Europe and famed as "the Isle of Saints," whence missionaries went out to convert European pagans, has never given a Pope to the Church, while Anglo-Saxon England can claim at least one Roman Pontiff. Stranger still, it has been charged—rightly or wrongly—that this English Pope was the cause of Ireland's long political subjection to England, from which she has only in our own day to a large extent freed herself. -
The Feast Day of St Henry
On July 13, the Catholic Church celebrates the memory of St. Henry II, a German king who led and defended Eu- rope's Holy Roman Empire at the beginning of the first millennium. St. Henry was born in 972 to Duke Henry of Bavaria and Princess Gisela of Burgundy. During his youth, Henry received both an education and spiritual guidance from a bishop who was himself canonized, St. Wolfgang of Re- gensberg. Henry was an intelligent and devout student, and for a period of time he was considered for the priesthood. St. Wolfgang's lessons in piety and charity left a lasting mark on Henry's soul. But it was ultimately in the political realm, not the Church, that he would seek to exercise these virtues. He took on his fa- ther's position as Duke of Bavaria in 995, one year after St. Wolfgang's death. The Church support- ed his accession to the throne as King of Germany in 1002. As king, Henry encouraged the German bishops to reform the practices of the Church in accordance with canon law. During the same period he is said to have brought a peaceful end to a revolt in his territory, which ended with the king mercifully pardoning the rebels. Henry also acted decisively, but not harshly, against an Italian nobleman who set himself up as a rival king. In 1014, the German king journeyed to Rome where Pope Benedict VIII formally crowned him as head of the Holy Roman Empire. The emperor demonstrated his loyalty to the Pope by confirming Benedict VIII's authority over the city of Rome. -
Pope Alexander III
Pope Alexander III Pope from 1159-81 (Rolando Bandinelli), born from Ranuccio of a distinguished Sienese family; died 3 August, 1181. As professor in Bologna he acquired a great reputation as a canonist, which he increased by the publication of his commentary on the "Decretum" of Gratian, popularly known as "Summa Magistri Rolandi." Called to Rome by Eugene III in the year 1150, his advancement was rapid. He was created Cardinal Deacon, then Cardinal Priest of the title of St. Mark, and Papal Chancellor. He was the trusted adviser of Adrian IV and was regarded as the soul of the party of independence among the cardinals, which sought to escape the German yoke by alliance with the Normans of Naples. For openly asserting before Barbarossa at the Diet of Besancon (1157) that the imperial dignity was a papal beneficium (in the general sense of favour, not feudal sense of fief), he incurred the wrath of the German princes, and would have fallen on the spot under the battle-axe of his life-long foe, Otto of Wittelsbach had Frederick not intervened. For the purpose of securing a submissive pontiff at the next vacancy, the Emperor despatched into Italy two able emissaries who were to work upon the weaknesses and fears of the cardinals and the Romans, the aforesaid Otto and the Archbishop-elect of Cologne, Rainald von Dassel, whose anti-Papal attitude was largely owing to the fact that the Holy See refused to confirm his appointment. The fruits of their activity became patent after the death of Pope Adrian IV (1 September, 1159). -
Marek Walczak
The portrait miniature of Cardinal Zbigniew Oleśnicki on a Letter of Indulgence issued in 1449 for the Church of All Saints in Cracow Marek Walczak Illuminations in medieval documents have never been a subject of extensive research, because only a small number of them survived, and they are generally of poor artistic quality. For the same reason almost unknown are portrait miniatures in such carrier. The relatively greatest attention of researchers has been focussed on indulgence documents1, which had had a broad sphere of influence, owing to their wide dissemination among large audiences of the faithful.2 In Poland, a particularly interesting example is a document granting indulgences to all who would visit the parish church of All Saints in Cracow on the major feasts of the liturgical year, issued by the Cracow Bishop, Cardinal Zbigniew Oleśnicki (1423–1450) in 1449 [Figs 1, 2].3 A piece of parchment of substantial size (75 × 44 cm) is adorned with a 1 Nikolaus Paulus Geschichte des Ablasses im Mittelalter vol. III: Geschichte des Ablasses am Ausgang des Mittelalters Paderborn: Ferdinand Schöningh, 1923 pt. VII: Abläße von Bischöfen, Kardinälen und Legaten, 226ff.; P. Hippolyte Delehaye, ‘Les lettres d’indulgence collectives’, Analecta Bollandiana, 44, 1926, 343–379; ibidem, 45, 1927, 93–123, 324–344; ibidem, 46, 1928, 149–157, 287–343; see also Nikolaus Paulus, Der Ablaß im Mittelalter als Kulturfaktor, Köln: Bachem, 1920, passim (Görres-Gesellschaft Vereinschriften); the decorations of such documents have been dealt with by e.g. by: Pierre François Fournier, ‘Affiches d’indulgence manuscrites et imprimées des XIVe, XVe et XVIe siècles’, Bibliothèque de l’École des Chartes, 84, 1923, 116–160; Josef Rest, ‘Illuminierte Ablaßurkunden aus Rom und Avignon aus der Zeit von 1282–1364’, in: Festgabe für Heinrich Finke, Münster im W.: Aschendorff, 1925, 147–168; Leo Santifaller, ‘Illuminierte Urkunden’, Der Schlern, 16, 1935, 113–125; Idem, ‘Über illuminierte Urkunden’, in: Hans Tintelnot, ed., Kunstgeschichtliche Studien, Dagobert Frey zum 23. -
St. Bernard of Clairvaux Today The
St. Bernard of Clairvaux Today the universal Church celebrates St. Bernard of Clairvaux, who is considered by many as the “man of the twelve century.” Born in Burgundy, France, Bernard left home at the age of 20 to join the monastic community of Citeaux. Four of his brothers and 25 friends followed him into the monastery. After professing his vows, the Abbot sent him and twelve monks to found a new monastery, which afterward became the famous Abbey of Clairvaux. Bernard was appointed Abbot and feverishly set out to do the Lord’s work. Over time, Clairvaux had over 700 monks and eventually 160 daughter houses. Additionally, Bernard is well known for his theological works, including his commentary on the Song of Songs. His love for and writings on the Blessed Virgin Mary are truly remarkable. Furthermore, Bernard’s ability as arbitrator and counselor became well known. Unfortunately, he was pulled away from the monastery more and more to settle long-standing disputes. Finally, as Bernard’s fame spread, Pope Eugene III commissioned him to preach the second crusade. In obedience to the Holy Pontiff, Bernard traveled through France and Germany to arouse enthusiasm for the holy war to reclaim the Holy Land. Unfortunately, the crusade ended in a disaster as the ideals and morals of the soldiers were not those of the holy saint. Bernard died on August 20, 1153. He was the first Cistercian monk placed on the calendar of saints. Pope Pius VIII proclaimed him a doctor of the Church. Bernard’s life of contemplation, love for the Blessed Virgin Mary, eloquent writings, and outstanding life of faith and virtue are truly inspirational for us today. -
257 Sit Finis Libri, Sed Non Finis Quaerendi. Preliminary
IDEAS • BOOKS • SOCIETY • READINGS © Philobiblon. Transylvanian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Humanities SIT FINIS LIBRI, SED NON FINIS QUAERENDI. PRELIMINARY CLARIFICATIONS ON BERNARD OF CLAIRVAUX, ON CONSIDERATION * ALEXANDER BAUMGARTEN Abstract The present article is an approach to Bernard of Clairvaux’s treaty On Consideration. Its reading follows the arguments of a thesis according to which this text has a political theology dimension and it could be included in a history on the evolution of the concept “state of exception”, as it was defined by Giorgio Agamben. The primary argument is that Bernard, in order to convince Pope Eugene III of the need to resume the crusade, used the patristic concepts of spiritual formation to legitimise the Pope’s right to make political decisions above the rules, in the name of the divine inspiration of the one who was formed spiritually. Keywords Bernard of Clairvaux, the history of the papacy, compunctio, duritia cordis, political theology The reader of Bernard of Clairvaux’s treaty On Consideration could be surprised by two aspects. First, by the fact that the title bears a word that, in the text, is used with a very different meaning from the wider sense with which modern languages associate the literal equivalent of the Latin consideratio. Although free speech understands consideration merely as an act of attention or of taking something into account (“taking something into consideration”), or even as an act of supposition (“let us consider”), the meaning used by Bernard in this treaty implies a theory of subjectivity, of political decision, of redemption theory, of self consciousness and of the relation with the transcendental. -
Actions and Receptions of the Knights Templar from 1118-1192
Actions and Receptions of the Knights Templar from 1118-1192 By Neil Wu A thesis submitted to the Department of History for honors Duke University Durham, North Carolina Under the advisement of Dr. Mary J. Morrow April 15, 2019 Wu i Abstract In 1118, a quasi-monastic military order known as the Knights Templar was founded in the crusader kingdom of Jerusalem. Church leaders saw this organization as an opportunity to inspire the religiosity of the crusading movement. In 1129, their aspirations were expressed through the Latin Rule of the Knights Templar, a document that regulated the Templars’ conduct. The Latin Rule’s rigid guidelines prescribed a lifestyle that combined elements of monasticism and knighthood. The Church hoped that under the influence of this mandate, the Templars would promote an agenda of piety, religious duty, camaraderie with peers, and ferocity against the enemy. However, the Templars were quick to form their own interpretations of purpose. Previous scholarship has primarily focused on the late thirteenth century actions of the Knights Templar in order to determine what factors led to their eventual downfall in 1307. However, this thesis argues that even without considering these later actions of the Knights Templar, there is significant evidence from 1118-1192 alone that demonstrates how the order began forming their own interpretations of their purpose. Rather than living under strict adherence to the original mandates of the Latin Rule, what resulted was an organization that excelled in battle and utilized its military abilities to pursue their own financial and political agendas in the Holy Land. Many contemporaries took note of the Templars’ choice of actions and of their apparent priorities.