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Constraining Dark Matter Properties with Dwarf Galaxies and Galaxy Clusters DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Stacy Yeonchi Kim Graduate Program in Astronomy The Ohio State University 2019 Dissertation Committee: Professor Annika Peter, Advisor Professor David Weinberg Professor Christopher Kochanek Copyright by Stacy Yeonchi Kim 2019 Abstract Dark matter makes up the overwhelming majority of the matter in the Universe. Its complex structure and dynamics play an essential role in the evolution and formation of galaxies, stars, and ultimately, life itself. Although dark matter is a cornerstone of modern cosmology, the fundamental question of its identity remains unknown. Astrophysical studies have yielded many clues: it is likely an exotic new particle that is relatively massive, uncharged, stable to decays, and does not appear to obey any force other than gravity. Despite these hints, its exact particle identity remains elusive, and dark matter candidates abound. In this dissertation, I present the theoretical groundwork I have laid to harness the tremendous statistical power promised by upcoming astronomical surveys to produce robust new constraints on the dark matter model space. In particular, I have derived the strongest constraints to date on two dark matter properties: its ability reproduce the structural hierarchy of the universe down to low mass scales, and whether or not it obeys a new \dark" force that allows dark matter particles to exchange momentum. My work has already ruled out potential dark matter candidates and promises to further constrain the parameter space of others. These results will inform complementary searches by the particle physics community, ii bringing us closer to the identity of the dark matter particle(s), one of the most pressing open questions in cosmology today. iii Dedication To my parents, who sacrificed so much to come to the States, and to raise us, and to Tom, the viscosity to my turbulence. iv Acknowledgments Its been a long six years that I have been here. In those six years, I've met so many wonderful, amazing people that I'm so grateful to have known. I can't adequately express the thanks I have for them, and the role they've played during my graduate career, but here is an attempt at doing so. Firstly, to Annika, a huge thank you. I owe so much of the successes in my graduate school career to you. It hasn't been the easiest journey to get here, but I was encouraged countless times to continue pushing onwards through your enthusiasm, your many emails, and your words of encouragement|which you went out of your way to express. Thank you for your ardent and vocal support for me during conferences, in communications with colleagues, and in the department at OSU. It was through you that I started feeling like astrophysics not just the science, but also a community that I could identify with, and belong to. I hope I can carry forward the example you set in supporting diversity and a healthy work-life balance, in fostering connections, and in advocating for those who may have been overlooked. I will really miss working with you in Columbus. v I am also immensely grateful to the Department of Astronomy at OSU. The collaboration and enthusiasm that pervades the department, from Astro Coffee to one-on-one meetings, was instrumental in my decision to come to OSU, and a highlight of my time at OSU. I am also grateful for the examples of thoughtful leadership I've witnessed during my time here|one that gives not just an ear but also a voice to the concerns of graduate students and other quieter voices, and takes not just the scientific but also the personal welfare of the community seriously. Last but not least, I am grateful for the support Ive received both personally as well as through nominations for university fellowships and departmental graduate student prizes. To my friends at CGSA, thank you for musing over the less quantifiable mysteries of the universe with me, and opening my eyes to the wonders of childrens literature, music education, evolutionary biology, and American political history, among others. Its incredible that our small planet hosts so many fascinating little worlds of knowledge. Your friendships, above all else, have anchored and refreshed me when the demands and exhaustion of debugging, writing (or rather, unending editing), or nonsensical plots had otherwise consumed my life. To Risa and Al Lazaroff, a heartfelt thanks for treating me like family, and showing me a side of Columbus that I would otherwise never have seen. To Sandy and Jeff Ungar, thank you for your warm hospitality, lovely dinners, and Lucy's furry, energetic company. And a huge thanks to Sue and Jeff Dinitz for welcoming vi me into their home with open arms this past year (and before!) on my quasi-monthly visits to Vermont to see Tom. It's clear where Tom gets his compassion, brilliance, gentleness, heart for service, and love for mountains. To my parents, who have sacrificed so much for me and my sister, even before I was born. Thank you for supporting me and never questioning my decision to pursue physics even despite significant struggles as an undergrad. I am so grateful that you guys let me explore my intellectual interests, despite the possibility of uncertain career prospects|a luxury that not all Asian American college students experience! To my sister, my partner in crime for all things nonsensical. For the late-night chats commiserating about the more unglamorous side of graduate school and job applications; geeking out about good design, presentations, and teaching; all the cat pictures; and everything in between. Life always seems to make more sense after chatting with you. I promise I won't be overseas forever! And of course, Tom. When I first came to Columbus, I felt quite lost for a number of reasons. But when I first met you, I felt like I'd found a home for the first time. Thank you for taking a chance on a quiet Asian girl who didn't know the difference between Star Trek and Star Wars and believes units are integral to calculations. And for not just putting up with all the crazy that comes with the job, but also for helping me address the many (and sometimes mundane) quandaries I find myself in with endless compassion, patience, and creativity. Despite the moves, vii and though hundreds|and soon thousands|of miles separate us, I will always know where to find home. viii Vita January 29, 1991 . Born { Suwon, South Korea 2013 . B.S. Physics, California Institute of Technology 2013 { 2014 . University Fellow, The Ohio State University 2014 { 2018 . Graduate Teaching and Research Associate, The Ohio State University 2019 . Presidential Fellow, The Ohio State University Publications Research Publications 1. L. Pei, M. M. Fausnaugh, A. J. Barth, B. M. Peterson, M. C. Bentz, G. De Rosa, K. D. Denney, M. R. Goad, C. S. Kochanek, K. T. Korista, G. A. Kriss, R. W. Pogge, V. N. Bennert, M. Brotherton, K. I. Clubb, E. Dalla Bont`a,A. V. Filippenko, J. E. Greene, C. J. Grier, M. Vestergaard, W. Zheng, S. M. Adams, T. G. Beatty, A. Bigley, J. E. Brown, J. S. Brown, G. Canalizo, J. M. Comerford, C. T. Coker, E. M. Corsini, S. Croft, K. V. Croxall, A. J. Deason, M. Eracleous, O. D. Fox, E. L. Gates, C. B. Henderson, E. Holmbeck, T. W.-S. Holoien, J. J. Jensen, C. A. Johnson, P. L. Kelly, S. Kim, A. King, M. W. Lau, M. Li, C. Lochhaas, Z. Ma, E. R. Manne-Nicholas, J. C. Mauerhan, M. A. Malkan, R. McGurk, L. Morelli, A. Mosquera, D. Mudd, F. Muller Sanchez, M. L. Nguyen, P. Ochner, B. Ou-Yang, A. Pancoast, M. T. Penny, A. Pizzella, R. Poleski, J. Runnoe, B. Scott, J. S. Schimoia, B. J. Shappee, I. Shivvers, G. V. Simonian, A. Siviero, G. Somers, D. J. Stevens, M. A. Strauss, J. Tayar, N. Tejos, T. Treu, J. Van Saders, L. Vican, S. Villanueva Jr., H. Yuk, N. L. Zakamska, W. Zhu, M. D. Anderson, P. Ar´evalo, C. Bazhaw, S. Bisogni, G. A. Borman, M. C. Bottorff, W. N. Brandt, A. A. Breeveld, E. M. Cackett, M. ix T. Carini, D. M. Crenshaw, A. De Lorenzo-C´aceres,M. Dietrich, R. Edelson, N. V. Efimova, J. Ely, P. A. Evans, G. J. Ferland, K. Flatland, N. Gehrels, S. Geier, J. M. Gelbord, D. Grupe, A. Gupta, P. B. Hall, S. Hicks, D. Horenstein, K. Horne, T. Hutchison, M. Im, M. D. Joner, J. Jones, J. Kaastra, S. Kaspi, B. C. Kelly, J. A. Kennea, M. Kim, S. C. Kim, S. A. Klimanov, J. C. Lee, D. C. Leonard, P. Lira, F. MacInnis, S. Mathur, I. M. McHardy, C. Montouri, R. Musso, S. V. Nazarov, H. Netzer, R. P. Norris, J. A. Nousek, D. N. Okhmat, I. Papadakis, J. R. Parks, J.-U. Pott, S. E. Rafter, H.-W. Rix, D. A. Saylor, K. Schn¨ulle,S. G. Sergeev, M. Siegel, A. Skielboe, M. Spencer, D. Starkey, H.-I. Sung, K. G. Teems, C. S. Turner, P. Uttley, C. Villforth, Y. Weiss, J.-H. Woo, H. Yan, S. Young, and Y. Zu, \Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. V. Optical Spectroscopic Campaign and Emission-line Analysis for NGC 5548", The Astrophysical Journal, 837, 131, (2017) 2. M. M. Fausnaugh, C. J. Grier, M. C. Bentz, K. D. Denney, G. De Rosa, B. M. Peterson, C. S. Kochanek, R. W. Pogge, S.
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  • Annual Report ESO Staff Papers 2018

    Annual Report ESO Staff Papers 2018

    ESO Staff Publications (2018) Peer-reviewed publications by ESO scientists The ESO Library maintains the ESO Telescope Bibliography (telbib) and is responsible for providing paper-based statistics. Publications in refereed journals based on ESO data (2018) can be retrieved through telbib: ESO data papers 2018. Access to the database for the years 1996 to present as well as an overview of publication statistics are available via http://telbib.eso.org and from the "Basic ESO Publication Statistics" document. Papers that use data from non-ESO telescopes or observations obtained with hosted telescopes are not included. The list below includes papers that are (co-)authored by ESO authors, with or without use of ESO data. It is ordered alphabetically by first ESO-affiliated author. Gravity Collaboration, Abuter, R., Amorim, A., Bauböck, M., Shajib, A.J., Treu, T. & Agnello, A., 2018, Improving time- Berger, J.P., Bonnet, H., Brandner, W., Clénet, Y., delay cosmography with spatially resolved kinematics, Coudé Du Foresto, V., de Zeeuw, P.T., et al. , 2018, MNRAS, 473, 210 [ADS] Detection of orbital motions near the last stable circular Treu, T., Agnello, A., Baumer, M.A., Birrer, S., Buckley-Geer, orbit of the massive black hole SgrA*, A&A, 618, L10 E.J., Courbin, F., Kim, Y.J., Lin, H., Marshall, P.J., Nord, [ADS] B., et al. , 2018, The STRong lensing Insights into the Gravity Collaboration, Abuter, R., Amorim, A., Anugu, N., Dark Energy Survey (STRIDES) 2016 follow-up Bauböck, M., Benisty, M., Berger, J.P., Blind, N., campaign - I. Overview and classification of candidates Bonnet, H., Brandner, W., et al.
  • INTERPRETING HIGH RESOLUTION SUNYAEV ZEL'dovich EFFECT MEASUREMENTS with MUSTANG Charles Romero Fort Collins, CO B.A., Univers

    INTERPRETING HIGH RESOLUTION SUNYAEV ZEL'dovich EFFECT MEASUREMENTS with MUSTANG Charles Romero Fort Collins, CO B.A., Univers

    INTERPRETING HIGH RESOLUTION SUNYAEV ZEL’DOVICH EFFECT MEASUREMENTS WITH MUSTANG Charles Romero Fort Collins, CO B.A., University of Colorado, 2009 M.S., University of Virginia, 2011 A Dissertation Presented to the Graduate Faculty of the University of Virginia in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Astronomy University of Virginia August, 2015 Brian Mason Craig Sarazin Mark Whittle Mike Skrutskie Barry Condron c Copyright by ° Charles Romero All rights reserved August, 2015 ii Acknowledgements There are many people I must thank for inspiring and supporting my path towards a graduate degree in astronomy. Certainly somewhere in elementary school, between the science classes and fairs, my interest in science took formation. Thus, I wish to thanks all the science teachers and volunteers whom I have encountered who have taught me that science is cool, fun, interesting, and ever growing. I thank my advisor, Brian Mason, for introducing me to the Sunyaev Zel’dovich effect and means of observing it. Brian has been an excellent advisor for me; he has pushed me when I needed motivation and given my space when I needed some time off. To my collaborators, I am grateful for the collegiality and willingness to answer any questions (simple or otherwise) I may have had. To those at the astronomy de- partment at the University of Virginia, I am thankful for the opportunities presented and the guidance offered. Of course, my family: Henry, Paolo, and Marian Romero have encouraged me from the start (from my earliest interests in science) through graduate school and have been more supportive than I could have asked of them to be.